Western Allied invasion of Germany

The Western Allied invasion of Germany was coordinated by the Western Allies during the final months of hostilities in the European theatre of World War II. ^[1]

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

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Albert Kesselring

Albert Kesselring (30 November 1885 – 16 July 1960) was a German Luftwaffe Generalfeldmarschall during World War II.

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Alexander Patch

General Alexander McCarrell "Sandy" Patch (November 23, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was a senior United States Army officer, who fought in both World War I and World War II.

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Alfred Jodl

Alfred Josef Ferdinand Jodl (10 May 1890 – 16 October 1946) was a German general during World War II, who served as the Chief of the Operations Staff of the Armed Forces High Command (Oberkommando der Wehrmacht).

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Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine

The Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine was a phase in the Western European Campaign of World War II.

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Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945).

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Alps

The Alps (Alpes; Alpen; Alpi; Alps; Alpe) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe,The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia.

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Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action."AAP-6 They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons).

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Army Group B

Army Group B (German: Heeresgruppe B) was the title of three German Army Groups that saw action during World War II.

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Army Group G

The German Army Group G (Heeresgruppe G) fought on the Western Front of World War II and was a component of OB West.

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Army Group H

Army Group H (Heeresgruppe H) was a German army group in the Netherlands and in Nordrhein-Westfalen during World War II.

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Aschaffenburg

Aschaffenburg is a town in northwest Bavaria, Germany.

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Austria

Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.

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Autocannon

An autocannon or automatic cannon is a large, fully automatic, rapid-fire projectile weapon that fires armour-piercing or explosive shells, as opposed to the bullet fired by a machine gun.

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Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Poland, Germany and the North and Central European Plain.

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Bamberg

Bamberg is a town in Upper Franconia, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main.

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Battle of Aachen

The Battle of Aachen was a major combat action of World War II, fought by American and German forces in and around Aachen, Germany, between 2-21 October 1944.

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Battle of Hürtgen Forest

The Battle of Hürtgen Forest (Schlacht im Hürtgenwald) was a series of fierce battles fought from 19 September to 16 December 1944 between American and German forces on the Western Front during World War II in the Hürtgen Forest about east of the Belgian–German border.

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Battle of Heilbronn (1945)

The Battle of Heilbronn was a nine-day struggle in April 1945 during World War II between the United States Army and the German Army for the control of Heilbronn, a mid-sized city on the Neckar River located between Stuttgart and Heidelberg.

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Battle of Jena–Auerstedt

The twin battles of Jena and Auerstedt (older name: Auerstädt) were fought on 14 October 1806 on the plateau west of the River Saale in today's Germany, between the forces of Napoleon I of France and Frederick William III of Prussia.

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Battle of Kassel (1945)

The Battle of Kassel was a four-day struggle between the U.S. Army and the German Army in April 1945 for Kassel, a medium-sized city 140 kilometers northeast of Frankfurt am Main, which also is the second-largest city in Hesse (after Frankfurt).

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Battle of Nuremberg (1945)

The Battle of Nuremberg was a five-day battle between the forces of the United States 7th Army on one side, and Nazi Germany and Russian Liberation Army volunteers on the other during World War II.

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Battle of Remagen

The Battle of Remagen during the Allied invasion of Germany resulted in the unexpected capture of the Ludendorff Bridge over the Rhine and likely shortened World War II in Europe.

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Battle of the Bulge

The Battle of the Bulge (16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945) was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II.

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Bavaria

Bavaria (Bavarian and Bayern), officially the Free State of Bavaria (Freistaat Bayern), is a landlocked federal state of Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.

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Bayreuth

Bayreuth (Bavarian: Bareid) is a medium-sized town in northern Bavaria, Germany, on the Red Main river in a valley between the Franconian Jura and the Fichtelgebirge Mountains.

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Beckum, Germany

Beckum is a town in the northern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Berchtesgaden

Berchtesgaden is a municipality in the Bavarian Alps of southeastern Germany.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.

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Bernard Montgomery

Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, (17 November 1887 – 24 March 1976), nicknamed "Monty" and "The Spartan General", was a senior British Army officer who fought in both the First World War and the Second World War.

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Black Forest

The Black Forest (Schwarzwald) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany.

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Boppard

Boppard, formerly also spelled Boppart, is a town and municipality (since the 1976 inclusion of 9 neighbouring villages, Ortsbezirken) in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, lying in the Rhine Gorge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Bridgehead

A bridgehead (or bridge-head) is the strategically important area of ground around the end of a bridge or other place of possible crossing over a body of water which at time of conflict is sought to be defended/taken over by the belligerent forces.

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British Army

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of British Armed Forces.

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Budapest Offensive

The Budapest Offensive was the general attack by Soviet and Romanian armies against Nazi Germany and their Axis allies from Hungary.

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Canadian Army

The Canadian Army (French: Armée canadienne) is the command responsible for the operational readiness of the conventional ground forces of the Canadian Armed Forces.

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Chemnitz

Chemnitz, known from 1953 to 1990 as Karl-Marx-Stadt, is the third-largest city in the Free State of Saxony, Germany.

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Coburg

Coburg is a town located on the Itz river in the Upper Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany.

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Cologne

Cologne (Köln,, Kölle) is the largest city in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth most populated city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich).

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Courtney Hodges

General Courtney Hicks Hodges (January 5, 1887 – January 16, 1966) was a decorated senior officer of the United States Army, most prominent for his role in World War II, in which he commanded the U.S. First Army in the Western Europe Campaign.

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Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko), was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the:Czech Republic and:Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

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Danube

The Danube or Donau (known by various names in other languages) is Europe's second longest river, after the Volga.

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Death of Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

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Defeat in detail

Defeat in detail, or divide and conquer, is a military tactic of bringing a large portion of one's own force to bear on small enemy units in sequence, rather than engaging the bulk of the enemy force all at once.

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Denmark

Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.

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Disarmed Enemy Forces

Disarmed Enemy Forces (DEF), less commonly, Surrendered Enemy Forces, was a US designation for soldiers who surrendered to an adversary after hostilities ended and for those who had already surrendered POWs and held in camps in occupied German territory at that time.

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Dorsten

Dorsten is a town in the district of Recklinghausen in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and has a population of just below 80,000.

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Dwight D. Eisenhower

Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961.

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.

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Elbe

The Elbe (Elbe; Low German: Elv) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe.

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Elbe Day

Elbe Day, April 25, 1945, is the day Soviet and American troops met at the Elbe River, near Torgau in Germany, marking an important step toward the end of World War II in Europe.

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Emil F. Reinhardt

Major General Emil Fred Reinhardt (October 27, 1888 – July 24, 1969) was a senior United States Army officer.

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Erfurt

Erfurt is the capital and largest city in the state of Thuringia, central Germany.

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Ernst Busch (field marshal)

Ernst Bernhard Wilhelm Busch (6 July 1885 – 17 July 1945) was a German field marshal during World War II who commanded the 16th Army and later Army Group Centre.

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Erwin Rommel

Erwin Rommel (15 November 1891 – 14 October 1944) was a German general and military theorist.

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European theatre of World War II

The European theatre of World War II, also known as the Second European War, was a huge area of heavy fighting across Europe, from Germany's and the Soviet Union's joint invasion of Poland in September 1939 until the end of the war with the Soviet Union conquering most of Eastern Europe along with the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 (Victory in Europe Day).

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Field marshal (United Kingdom)

Field Marshal has been the highest rank in the British Army since 1736.

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Fifteenth United States Army

The Fifteenth United States Army was the last field army to see service in northwest Europe during World War II and was the final command of General George S. Patton.

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First Allied Airborne Army

The First Allied Airborne Army was an Allied formation formed on 2 August 1944 by the order of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force.

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First Canadian Army

The First Canadian Army (1reArmée canadienne) was a field army and the senior formation of the Canadian Army that served on the Western Front from July 1944 until May 1945 during the Second World War.

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First Jassy–Kishinev Offensive

The First Jassy–Kishinev Offensive, named after the two major cities (Iași and Chișinău) in the area, refers to a series of military engagements between 8 April and 6 June 1944 by the Soviets and Axis powers of World War II.

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First United States Army

The First Army is the oldest and longest established field army of the United States Army, having seen service in both World War I and World War II, under some of the most famous and distinguished officers of the U.S. Army.

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Frankfurt

Frankfurt, officially the City of Frankfurt am Main ("Frankfurt on the Main"), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany.

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French Army

The French Army, officially the Ground Army (Armée de terre) (to distinguish it from the French Air Force, Armée de L'air or Air Army) is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.

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General (United States)

In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and United States Air Force, general (abbreviated as GEN in the Army or Gen in the Air Force and Marine Corps) is a four-star general officer rank, with the pay grade of O-10.

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Generalfeldmarschall

Generalfeldmarschall (general field marshal, field marshal general, or field marshal;; abbreviated to Feldmarschall) was a rank in the armies of several German states and the Holy Roman Empire; in the Habsburg Monarchy, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary, the rank Feldmarschall was used.

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George S. Patton

General George Smith Patton Jr. (November 11, 1885 – December 21, 1945) was a senior officer of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean theater of World War II, but is best known for his leadership of the U.S. Third Army in France and Germany following the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944.

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Gerd von Rundstedt

Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt (12 December 1875 – 24 February 1953) was a Field Marshal in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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German Army (Wehrmacht)

The German Army (Heer) was the land forces component of the Wehrmacht, the regular German Armed Forces, from 1935 until it was demobilized and later dissolved in August 1946.

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German casualties in World War II

Statistics for German World War II military casualties are divergent and contradictory.

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Germersheim

Germersheim is a town in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, of around 20,000 inhabitants.

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Giessen

Giessen, spelled Gießen in German, is a town in the German federal state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the district of Giessen and the administrative region of Giessen.

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Gotha

Gotha is the fifth-largest city in Thuringia, Germany, located west of Erfurt and east of Eisenach with a population of 44,000.

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Government of National Unity (Hungary)

The Government of National Unity (Hungarian: Nemzeti Összefogás Kormánya) existed during the occupation of Hungary by Nazi Germany between October 1944 and May 1945.

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Grand admiral

Grand admiral is a historic naval rank, the highest rank in the several European navies that used it.

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Haltern am See

Haltern am See (Haltern at the lake, before December 2001 only Haltern) is a town and a municipality in the district of Recklinghausen, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Harry Crerar

General Henry Duncan Graham "Harry" Crerar (April 28, 1888 – April 1, 1965) was a senior officer of the Canadian Army, and became the country's "leading field commander" in the Second World War, where he commanded the First Canadian Army.

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Harz

The Harz is a Mittelgebirge that has the highest elevations in Northern Germany and its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia.

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I Canadian Corps

I Canadian Corps was one of the two corps fielded by the Canadian Army during the Second World War.

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III Corps (United States)

III Corps is a corps of the United States Army headquartered at Fort Hood, Texas.

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Italian Campaign (World War II)

The Italian Campaign of World War II consisted of the Allied operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to the end of the war in Europe.

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J. Lawton Collins

General Joseph "Lightning Joe" Lawton Collins (May 1, 1896 – September 12, 1987) was a senior United States Army officer who served in World War II and became Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the Korean War.

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Jacob L. Devers

Jacob Loucks Devers (8 September 1887 – 15 October 1979) was a general in the United States Army who commanded the 6th Army Group in the European Theater during World War II.

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Jassy–Kishinev Offensive

The Jassy–Kishinev Operation, named after the two major cities, Iași and Chișinău, in the staging area, was a Soviet offensive against Axis forces, which took place in Eastern Romania from 20 to 29 August 1944 during World War II.

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Jean de Lattre de Tassigny

Jean Joseph Marie Gabriel de Lattre de Tassigny, GCB, MC (2 February 1889 – 11 January 1952) was a French military commander in World War II and the First Indochina War.

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Jena

Jena is a German university city and the second largest city in Thuringia.

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Johannes Blaskowitz

Johannes Blaskowitz (10 July 1883 – 5 February 1948) was a German general during World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.

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Jutland

Jutland (Jylland; Jütland), also known as the Cimbric or Cimbrian Peninsula (Cimbricus Chersonesus; Den Kimbriske Halvø; Kimbrische Halbinsel), is a peninsula of Northern Europe that forms the continental portion of Denmark and part of northern Germany.

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Karl Dönitz

Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz (sometimes spelled Doenitz;; 16 September 1891 24 December 1980) was a German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II.

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Lahn

| The Lahn is a -long, right (or eastern) tributary of the Rhine in Germany.

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Lübeck

Lübeck is a city in Schleswig-Holstein, northern Germany, and one of the major ports of Germany.

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Leine

The Leine (Old Saxon Lagina) is a river in Thuringia and Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Leipzig

Leipzig is the most populous city in the federal state of Saxony, Germany.

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Leland Hobbs

Major General Leland Stanford Hobbs (February 4, 1892 – March 6, 1966) was a decorated senior United States Army officer who commanded the 30th Infantry Division in Western Europe during World War II.

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Lieutenant general (United States)

In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and the United States Air Force, lieutenant general (abbreviated LTG in the Army, Lt Gen in the Air Force, and LtGen in the Marine Corps) is a three-star general officer rank, with the pay grade of O-9.

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Line of communication

A line of communication (or communications) is the route that connects an operating military unit with its supply base.

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Linz

Linz (Linec) is the third-largest city of Austria and capital of the state of Upper Austria (Oberösterreich).

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Lippe (river)

The Lippe is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Lippstadt

Lippstadt is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Lorraine

Lorraine (Lorrain: Louréne; Lorraine Franconian: Lottringe; German:; Loutrengen) is a cultural and historical region in north-eastern France, now located in the administrative region of Grand Est.

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Lucian Truscott

General Lucian King Truscott Jr. (January 9, 1895 – September 12, 1965) was a highly decorated senior United States Army officer, who saw distinguished active service during World War II.

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Ludendorff Bridge

The Ludendorff Bridge (sometimes referred to as the Bridge at Remagen) was in early March 1945 one of two remaining bridges across the river Rhine in Germany when it was captured during the Battle of Remagen by United States Army forces during the closing weeks of World War II.

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Luftwaffe serviceable aircraft strengths (1940–45)

The following table summarizes the operational strength of the German air force, or Luftwaffe, by general category of aircraft.

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M26 Pershing

The M26 Pershing was a heavy tank/medium tank of the United States Army.

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M4 Sherman

The M4 Sherman, officially Medium Tank, M4, was the most widely used medium tank by the United States and Western Allies in World War II.

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Magdeburg

Magdeburg (Low Saxon: Meideborg) is the capital city and the second largest city of the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

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Main (river)

The Main (is a river in Germany. With a length of (including its 52 km long source river White Main), it is the longest right tributary of the Rhine. It is also the longest river lying entirely in Germany (if the Weser and the Werra are considered as two separate rivers; together they are longer). The largest cities along the Main are Frankfurt am Main and Würzburg.

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Mainz

Satellite view of Mainz (south of the Rhine) and Wiesbaden Mainz (Mogontiacum, Mayence) is the capital and largest city of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany.

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Major general (United States)

In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and United States Air Force, major general is a two-star general-officer rank, with the pay grade of O-8.

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Matthew Ridgway

General Matthew Bunker Ridgway (March 3, 1895 – July 26, 1993) was the 19th Chief of Staff of the United States Army.

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Mechanized infantry

Mechanized infantry are infantry equipped with armored personnel carriers (APCs) or infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) for transport and combat (see also mechanized force).

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Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II

The Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre was a major theatre of operations during the Second World War.

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Miles Dempsey

General Sir Miles Christopher Dempsey, (15 December 1896 – 5 June 1969) was a senior British Army officer who served in both world wars.

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Mulde

The Mulde is a river in Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

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Munich

Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.

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National redoubt

A national redoubt or national fortress is an area to which the (remnant) forces of a nation can be withdrawn if the main battle has been lost or even earlier if defeat is considered inevitable.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler through the Nazi Party (NSDAP).

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Nünchritz

Nünchritz is a municipality in the district of Meißen, in Saxony, Germany.

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Nierstein-Oppenheim

Nierstein-Oppenheim is a former Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district Mainz-Bingen (Rheinhessen) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Ninth United States Army

The Ninth Army is a field army of the United States Army, garrisoned at Caserma Ederle, Vicenza, Italy.

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North African Campaign

The North African Campaign of the Second World War took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943.

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North German Plain

The North German Plain or Northern Lowland (Norddeutsches Tiefland) is one of the major geographical regions of Germany.

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Nuremberg

Nuremberg (Nürnberg) is a city on the river Pegnitz and on the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about north of Munich.

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OB West

The German Army Command in the West (Oberbefehlshaber West (German: initials OB West) was the overall command of the Westheer, the German Armed Forces on the Western Front during World War II. It was directly subordinate to German Armed Forces High Command. The area under the command of the OB West varied as the war progressed. At its farthest extent it reached the French Atlantic coast. By the end of World War II in Europe it was reduced to commanding troops in Bavaria.

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Oberkommando der Wehrmacht

The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW, "High Command of the Armed Forces") was the High Command of the Wehrmacht (armed forces) of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Oder

The Oder (Czech, Lower Sorbian and Odra, Oder, Upper Sorbian: Wódra) is a river in Central Europe.

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Oder–Neisse line

The Oder–Neisse line (granica na Odrze i Nysie Łużyckiej, Oder-Neiße-Grenze) is the international border between Germany and Poland.

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Office of Military Government, United States

The Office of Military Government, United States (OMGUS; Amt der Militärregierung für Deutschland (U.S.)) was the United States military-established government created shortly after the end of hostilities in occupied Germany in World War II.

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Ohrdruf

Ohrdruf is a small town in the district of Gotha in the German state of Thuringia.

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Ohrdruf concentration camp

Ohrdruf concentration camp was a Nazi forced labor and concentration camp located near Ohrdruf, south of Gotha, in Thuringia, Germany.

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Omar Bradley

General of the Army Omar Nelson Bradley (February 12, 1893 – April 8, 1981), nicknamed Brad, was a senior officer of the United States Army during and after World War II.

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Operation Grenade

During World War II, Operation Grenade was the crossing of the Roer river between Roermond and Düren by the U.S. Ninth Army, commanded by Lieutenant General William Hood Simpson, in February 1945, which marked the beginning of the Allied invasion of Germany.

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Operation Lumberjack

Operation Lumberjack was a military operation with the goal of capturing the west bank of the Rhine River and seizing key German cities, near the end of World War II.

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Operation Overlord

Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II.

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Operation Plunder

Beginning on the night of March 23, 1945 the 21st Army Group under Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery launched Operation Plunder, as a part of a coordinated set of Rhine crossings.

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Operation Undertone

Operation Undertone was a large assault by the U.S. Seventh and French 1st Armies of the U.S. Sixth Army Group as part of the Allied invasion of Germany in March 1945 during World War II.

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Operation Varsity

Operation Varsity (24 March 1945) was a successful airborne forces operation launched by Allied troops that took place toward the end of World War II.

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Operation Veritable

Operation Veritable (also known as the Battle of the Reichswald) was the northern part of an Allied pincer movement that took place between 8 February and 11 March 1945 during the final stages of the Second World War.

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Operations Manna and Chowhound

Operation Manna and Operation Chowhound were humanitarian food drops, carried out to relieve a famine in German-occupied Holland, undertaken by Allied bomber crews during the final days of World War II in Europe.

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Paderborn

Paderborn is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district.

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Paul Hausser

Paul Hausser (7 October 1880 – 21 December 1972) was a high-ranking commander in the Waffen-SS of Nazi Germany during World War II who played a key role in the post-war efforts by former members of the Waffen-SS to achieve historical and legal rehabilitation.

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Polish Armed Forces in the East

Polish Armed Forces in the East (Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Wschodzie) (or Polish Army in USSR) refers to military units composed of Poles created in the Soviet Union at the time when the territory of Poland was occupied by both Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in the Second World War.

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Polish Armed Forces in the West

The Polish Armed Forces in the West refers to the Polish military formations formed to fight alongside the Western Allies against Nazi Germany and its allies during World War II.

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Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person, whether combatant or non-combatant, who is held in custody by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

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Provisional Government of the French Republic

The Provisional Government of the French Republic (gouvernement provisoire de la République française or GPRF) was an interim government of Free France between 1944 and 1946 following the liberation of continental France after Operations ''Overlord'' and ''Dragoon'', and lasted until the establishment of the French Fourth Republic.

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RAF Bomber Command

RAF Bomber Command controlled the RAF's bomber forces from 1936 to 1968.

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Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Рабоче-крестьянская Красная армия (РККА), Raboche-krest'yanskaya Krasnaya armiya (RKKA), frequently shortened in Russian to Красная aрмия (КА), Krasnaya armiya (KA), in English: Red Army, also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch – Red Horde, Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

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Rees, Germany

Rees is a town in the district of Cleves in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Remagen

Remagen is a town in Germany in the Land Rhineland-Palatinate, in the district of Ahrweiler.

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Rheinberg

Rheinberg is a town in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Rhine

--> The Rhine (Rhenus, Rein, Rhein, le Rhin,, Italiano: Reno, Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland and the Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea.

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Rhine Gorge

The Rhine Gorge is a popular name for the Upper Middle Rhine Valley, a 65 km section of the Rhine between Koblenz and Bingen in Germany.

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Rhineland

The Rhineland (Rheinland, Rhénanie) is the name used for a loosely defined area of Western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly its middle section.

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Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force.

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Ruhr

The Ruhr (Ruhrgebiet), or the Ruhr district, Ruhr region, Ruhr area or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Ruhr Pocket

The Ruhr Pocket was a battle of encirclement that took place in April 1945, on the Western Front near the end of World War II, in the Ruhr Area of Germany.

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Saarpfalz-Kreis

Saarpfalz (Saar-Palatinate) is a Kreis (district) in the south-east of the Saarland, Germany.

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Salzburg

Salzburg, literally "salt fortress", is the fourth-largest city in Austria and the capital of Salzburg state.

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Sankt Goar

Sankt Goar is a town on the west bank of the Middle Rhine in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Second Army (United Kingdom)

The British Second Army was a field army active during the First and Second World Wars.

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Seventh United States Army

The Seventh Army was a United States army created during World War II that evolved into the United States Army Europe (USAREUR) during the 1950s and 1960s.

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Sieg

The Sieg is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany named after the Sigambrer.

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Siegfried Line

The term Siegfried Line refers to two different German defensive lines, one during the First World War and the other during the Second World War.

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Sixth United States Army Group

The Sixth United States Army Group was an Allied Army Group that fought in the European Theater of Operations during World War II.

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Southern Germany

Southern Germany as a region has no exact boundary but is generally taken to include the areas in which Upper German dialects are spoken.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Speyer

Speyer (older spelling Speier, known as Spire in French and formerly as Spires in English) is a town in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, with approximately 50,000 inhabitants.

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Stuttgart

Stuttgart (Swabian: italics,; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

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Supreme Allied Commander

Supreme Allied Commander is the title held by the most senior commander within certain multinational military alliances.

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Torgau

Torgau is a town on the banks of the Elbe in northwestern Saxony, Germany.

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Twelfth United States Army Group

The Twelfth United States Army Group was the largest and most powerful United States Army formation ever to take to the field, commanding four field armies at its peak in 1945: First United States Army, Third United States Army, Ninth United States Army and Fifteenth United States Army.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Army

The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Army Air Forces

The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF), informally known as the Air Force, was the aerial warfare service of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II (1939/41–1945), successor to the previous United States Army Air Corps and the direct predecessor of the United States Air Force of today, one of the five uniformed military services.

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United States Army Central

The United States Army Central, formerly the Third United States Army, commonly referred to as the Third Army and as ARCENT is a military formation of the United States Army, which saw service in World War I and World War II, in the 1991 Gulf War, and in the coalition occupation of Iraq.

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United States Army North

The United States Army North is a formation of the United States Army Service Component Command of United States Northern Command.

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Universal Newsreel

Universal Newsreel (sometimes known as Universal-International Newsreel or just U-I Newsreel) was a series of 7- to 10-minute newsreels that were released twice a week between 1929 and 1967 by Universal Studios.

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V Corps (United States)

V Corps was a regular corps of the United States Army during World War I, World War II, Cold War, Kosovo, and War on Terrorism.

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VI Corps (United States)

The VI Corps was activated as VI Army Corps in August 1918 at Neufchâteau, France, serving in the Lorraine Campaign.

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VII Corps (United States)

The VII Corps of the United States Army was one of the two principal corps of the United States Army Europe during the Cold War.

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VIII Corps (United States)

The U.S. VIII Corps was a corps of the United States Army that saw service during various times over a fifty-year period during the 20th century.

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Vistula–Oder Offensive

The Vistula–Oder Offensive was a successful Red Army operation on the Eastern Front in the European Theatre of World War II in January 1945.

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Vlady Kibalchich Rusakov

Vladimir Victorovich Kibalchich Rusakov (Владимир Викторович Кибальчич; June 15, 1920 – July 21, 2005) was a Russian-Mexican painter, known simply as "Vlady" in Mexico.

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Walter Model

Walter Model (24 January 1891 – 21 April 1945) was a German field marshal during World War II.

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Wehrmacht

The Wehrmacht (lit. "defence force")From wehren, "to defend" and Macht., "power, force".

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Weimar

Weimar (Vimaria or Vinaria) is a city in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany.

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Wesel

Wesel is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Western Front (World War II)

The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered under separate headings. The Western Front was marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations. The first phase saw the capitulation of the Netherlands, Belgium, and France during May and June 1940 after their defeat in the Low Countries and the northern half of France, and continued into an air war between Germany and Britain that climaxed with the Battle of Britain. The second phase consisted of large-scale ground combat (supported by a massive air war considered to be an additional front), which began in June 1944 with the Allied landings in Normandy and continued until the defeat of Germany in May 1945.

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Western Germany

Western Germany is a region in the west of Germany.

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William Hood Simpson

General William Hood Simpson (May 18, 1888 – August 15, 1980) was a senior United States Army officer who served with distinction in both World War I and World War II.

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Wismar

Wismar is a port and Hanseatic city in Northern Germany on the Baltic Sea, in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Worms, Germany

Worms is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, situated on the Upper Rhine about south-southwest of Frankfurt-am-Main.

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Xanten

Xanten (Lower Franconian Santen) is a town in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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XII Corps (United Kingdom)

XII Corps was an army corps of the British Army that fought in the First and Second World Wars.

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XII Corps (United States)

The XII Corps fought from northern France to Austria in World War II.

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XIII Corps (United States)

Activated on 7 December 1942 in Providence, Rhode Island, the XIII Corps fought for 180 days in the European Theater of Operations, fighting from the Netherlands to the Elbe River.

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XIX Corps (United States)

XIX Corps was a corps-sized formation of the United States Army, initially allocated to the Organized Reserves in California and seven other western and northwestern states.

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XV Corps (United States)

The XV Corps of the US Army was initially constituted on 1 October 1933 as part of the Organized Reserves, and was activated on 15 February 1943 at Camp Beauregard, Louisiana.

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XVI Corps (United States)

The XVI Corps was a corps-sized formation of the United States Army.

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XVIII Airborne Corps

The XVIII Airborne Corps is a corps of the United States Army that has been in existence since 1942 and saw extensive service during World War II.

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XXI Corps (United States)

The XXI Corps was a corps of the U.S. Army during World War II.

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XXX Corps (United Kingdom)

XXX Corps (30 Corps) was a corps of the British Army during the Second World War.

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Yalta Conference

The Yalta Conference, also known as the Crimea Conference and code named the Argonaut Conference, held from 4 to 11 February 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Germany and Europe's postwar reorganization.

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104th Infantry Division (United States)

The 104th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the United States Army.

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11th Armored Division (United States)

The 11th Armored Division (11 AD) was a division of the United States Army in World War II.

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12th Armored Division (United States)

The 12th Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army in World War II.

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15th Army (Wehrmacht)

The 15th Army (German: 15. Armee) was a World War II field army.

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16th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)

The 16th Infantry Division of the German Army was formed in 1934.

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17th Airborne Division (United States)

The 17th Airborne Division was an airborne infantry division of the United States Army during World War II, commanded by Major General William M. Miley.

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19th Army (Wehrmacht)

The 19th Army (German: 19. Armee) was a World War II field army of the German Army.

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1st Armoured Division (Poland)

The Polish 1st Armoured Division (Polish 1 Dywizja Pancerna) was an armoured division of the Polish Armed Forces in the West during World War II.

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1st Army (France)

The First Army (1re Armée) was a field army of France that fought during World War I and World War II.

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1st Army (Wehrmacht)

The 1st Army (1.) was a World War II field army.

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1st Parachute Army (Wehrmacht)

The German 1st Parachute Army (1. Fallschirm-Armee) was formed in September, 1944, comprising 30,000 men.

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1st Special Service Brigade

The 1st Special Service Brigade was a commando brigade of the British Army.

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21st Army Group

The 21st Army Group was a World War II British headquarters formation, in command of two field armies and other supporting units, consisting primarily of the British Second Army and the First Canadian Army.

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25th Army (Wehrmacht)

The 25th Army (German: 25. Armee) was a World War II field army of the German Army.

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2nd Armored Division (United States)

The 2nd Armored Division ("Hell on Wheels") was an armored division of the United States Army.

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30th Infantry Division (United States)

The 30th Infantry Division was a unit of the Army National Guard in World War I and World War II.

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35th Infantry Division (United States)

The 35th Infantry Division (formerly known as the 35th Division) is an infantry formation of the Army National Guard commanded by Major General Victor J. Braden.

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3rd Armored Division (United States)

The 3rd Armored Division ("Spearhead") was an armored division of the United States Army.

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45th Infantry Division (United States)

The 45th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the United States Army, part of the Oklahoma Army National Guard, from 1920 to 1968.

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5th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)

The 5th Infantry Division was a regular army infantry division of the British Army.

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5th Infantry Division (United States)

The 5th Infantry Division (Mechanized)—nicknamed the "Red Diamond", the "Red Devils", or "die Roten Teufel"—was an infantry division of the United States Army that served in World War I, World War II and the Vietnam War, and with NATO and the U.S. Army III Corps.

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5th Panzer Army

The 5th Panzer Army, also known as Panzer Group West and Panzer Group Eberbach (German: 5.Panzer-Armee, Panzergruppe West, Panzergruppe Eberbach) was a panzer army which saw action in the Western Front and North Africa.

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69th Infantry Division (United States)

The 69th Infantry Division, nicknamed the "fighting 69th," was a Division of the United States Army formed during World War II.

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6th Airborne Division (United Kingdom)

The 6th Airborne Division was an airborne infantry division of the British Army during the Second World War.

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75th Innovation Command (United States)

The 75th Innovation Command (75th IC) is a separate command of the United States Army Reserve with the mission to "preparing to 'Make Ready' for the future" and drive operational innovation, concepts, and capabilities to enhance the readiness and lethality of the future force by leveraging the unique skills, agility, and private sector connectivity of America's Army Reserve.

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79th Infantry Division (United States)

The 79th Infantry Division (formerly known as the 79th Division) was an infantry formation of the United States Army Reserve in World Wars I and II.

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7th Army (Wehrmacht)

The 7th Army was a World War II field army of the German land forces.

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87th Infantry Division (United States)

The 87th Infantry Division ("Golden Acorn") was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II.

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89th Infantry Division (United States)

The 89th Infantry Division, known as the "Rolling W," was an infantry unit of the United States Army that was activated for service in World War I and World War II.

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8th Armored Division (United States)

The 8th Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army that served in the European Theater of World War II.

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8th Infantry Division (United States)

The 8th Infantry Division, ("Pathfinder") was an infantry division of the United States Army during the 20th century.

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90th Infantry Division (United States)

The 90th Infantry Division ("Tough 'Ombres") was a unit of the United States Army that served in World War I and World War II.

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Redirects here:

Central Europe Campaign, Central European Campaign.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Allied_invasion_of_Germany

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