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50 relations: Arūnas Bubnys, Švenčionys, Bydgoszcz, Efraim Zuroff, Eišiškės, Einsatzgruppen, Gediminas Avenue, Genocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania, Gestapo, Ghetto, Helena Pasierbska, History of the Jews in Poland, History of the Jews in Russia, Jašiūnai, Jerusalem, Kaunas, Kazimierz Sakowicz, Latvian Legion, Lithuanian Jews, Lithuanian Riflemen's Union, Lithuanian Security Police, Mark Abley, Martin Weiss (Nazi official), Nationalism, Naujoji Vilnia, Nemenčinė, Ninth Fort, Paneriai, Pedagogical University of Kraków, Poland, Ponary massacre, Russia, Schutzstaffel, Semeliškės, Sicherheitsdienst, Sicherheitspolizei, Simon Wiesenthal Center, Sonderkommando, Stutthof concentration camp, Swastika, Tadeusz Piotrowski (sociologist), The Holocaust, The Holocaust in Lithuania, The Holocaust in Poland, Timothy D. Snyder, Toruń, Trakai, Varėna, Vilnius Region, Yitzhak Arad.
Arūnas Bubnys
Arūnas Bubnys (born November 7, 1961) is a Lithuanian historian and archivist.
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Švenčionys
Švenčionys (known also by several alternative names) is a town located north of Vilnius in Lithuania.
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Bydgoszcz
Bydgoszcz (Bromberg; Bydgostia) is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers.
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Efraim Zuroff
Efraim Zuroff (born August 5, 1948) is an American-born Israeli historian and Nazi hunter who has played a key role in bringing indicted Nazi and fascist war criminals to trial.
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Eišiškės
Eišiškės (Ejszyszki, Эйши́шки/Eishishki, Эйшы́шкі/Eishyshki, אײשישאׇק/Eyshishok) is a city in southeastern Lithuania on the border with Belarus.
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Einsatzgruppen
Einsatzgruppen ("task forces" or "deployment groups") were Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass killings, primarily by shooting, during World War II (1939–45).
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Gediminas Avenue
Gediminas Avenue (Gedimino prospektas) is the main street of Vilnius, where most of the governmental institutions of Lithuania are concentrated, including the government, parliament, Constitutional Court and ministries.
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Genocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania
The Genocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania (Lietuvos gyventojų genocido ir rezistencijos tyrimo centras or LGGRTC) is a state-funded research institute in Lithuania dedicated to "the study of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes in Lithuania; the study of the persecution of local residents by occupying regimes; the study of armed and unarmed resistance to occupying regimes; the initiation of the legal evaluation of the activities of the organisers and implementers of genocide; and the commemoration of freedom fighters and genocide victims." The centre was founded on 25 October 1992 by the Supreme Council of the Lithuanian Republic as the "State Genocide Research Centre of Lithuania".
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Gestapo
The Gestapo, abbreviation of Geheime Staatspolizei (Secret State Police), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe.
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Ghetto
A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, typically as a result of social, legal, or economic pressure.
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Helena Pasierbska
Helena Pasierbska-Wojtowicz is a Polish writer.
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History of the Jews in Poland
The history of the Jews in Poland dates back over 1,000 years.
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History of the Jews in Russia
Jews in the Russian Empire have historically constituted a large religious diaspora; the vast territories of the Russian Empire at one time hosted the largest population of Jews in the world.
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Jašiūnai
Jašiūnai (Jaszuny, Яшуны) is a town in Lithuania.
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Jerusalem
Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; القُدس) is a city in the Middle East, located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.
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Kaunas
Kaunas (also see other names) is the second-largest city in Lithuania and the historical centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life.
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Kazimierz Sakowicz
Kazimierz Sakowicz (1899-1944) was a Polish journalist.
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Latvian Legion
The Latvian Legion (Latviešu leģions) was a formation of the German Waffen-SS during World War II.
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Lithuanian Jews
Lithuanian Jews or Litvaks are Jews with roots in the present-day Lithuania, Belarus, Latvia, northeastern Suwałki and Białystok region of Poland and some border areas of Russia and Ukraine.
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Lithuanian Riflemen's Union
The Lithuanian Riflemen's Union or LRU (Lietuvos šaulių sąjunga), also referred to as šauliai (šaulys for rifleman), is a paramilitary non-profit organisation supported by the State.
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Lithuanian Security Police
The Lithuanian Security Police (LSP), also known as Saugumas (Saugumo policija), was a local police force that operated in German-occupied Lithuania from 1941 to 1944, in collaboration with the occupational authorities.
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Mark Abley
Mark Abley (born 13 May 1955) is a Canadian poet, journalist, editor and non-fiction writer.
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Martin Weiss (Nazi official)
Martin Weiss (21 February 1903 – 1984) was a Nazi official and de facto commander of the Vilna Ghetto.
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Nationalism
Nationalism is a political, social, and economic system characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining sovereignty (self-governance) over the homeland.
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Naujoji Vilnia
Naujoji Vilnia (Nowa Wilejka) is a neighborhood in eastern Vilnius, Lithuania situated along the banks of the Vilnia River.
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Nemenčinė
Nemenčinė (see names section for alternate and historic names) is a city in Vilnius district municipality, Lithuania, it is located about north-east of Vilnius.
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Ninth Fort
The Ninth Fort (Devintas Fortas) is a stronghold in the northern part of Šilainiai elderate, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Paneriai
Paneriai (Ponary, פאנאר/Ponar) is a neighborhood of Vilnius, situated about 10 kilometres away from the city center.
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Pedagogical University of Kraków
The Pedagogical University of Kraków (Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im., often shortened to Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny), was named after the Commission of National Education created by King Stanisław August Poniatowski.
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Poland
Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.
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Ponary massacre
The Ponary or the Paneriai massacre (zbrodnia w Ponarach) was the mass murder of up to 100,000 people by German SD, SS, and the Lithuanian Nazi collaborators, including killing squads of Ypatingasis būrys, during World War II and the Holocaust in Reichskommissariat Ostland.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Schutzstaffel
The Schutzstaffel (SS; also stylized as with Armanen runes;; literally "Protection Squadron") was a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Nazi Germany, and later throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II.
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Semeliškės
Semeliškės is a town in Elektrėnai municipality, Vilnius County, east Lithuania.
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Sicherheitsdienst
Sicherheitsdienst (Security Service), full title Sicherheitsdienst des Reichsführers-SS (Security Service of the Reichsführer-SS), or SD, was the intelligence agency of the SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany.
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Sicherheitspolizei
The Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police), often abbreviated as SiPo, was a term used in Germany for security police.
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Simon Wiesenthal Center
The Simon Wiesenthal Center (often abbreviated SWC), with headquarters in Los Angeles, California, United States, was established in 1977 and named for Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal.
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Sonderkommando
Sonderkommandos (special unit) were work units made up of German Nazi death camp prisoners.
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Stutthof concentration camp
Stutthof was a Nazi German concentration camp established in a secluded, wet, and wooded area near the small town of Sztutowo (Stutthof) 34 km (21 mi) east of the city of Gdańsk in the former territory of the Free City of Danzig.
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Swastika
The swastika (as a character 卐 or 卍) is a geometrical figure and an ancient religious icon from the cultures of Eurasia, where it has been and remains a symbol of divinity and spirituality in Indian religions, Chinese religions, Mongolian and Siberian shamanisms.
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Tadeusz Piotrowski (sociologist)
Tadeusz Piotrowski or Thaddeus Piotrowski (born 1940) is a Polish-American sociologist.
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The Holocaust
The Holocaust, also referred to as the Shoah, was a genocide during World War II in which Nazi Germany, aided by its collaborators, systematically murdered approximately 6 million European Jews, around two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe, between 1941 and 1945.
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The Holocaust in Lithuania
The Holocaust in German occupied Lithuania resulted in the near total destruction of Lithuanian (Litvaks) and Polish Jews, living in Generalbezirk Litauen of Reichskommissariat Ostland within the Nazi-controlled Lithuanian SSR.
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The Holocaust in Poland
The Holocaust in German-occupied Poland was the last and most lethal phase of Nazi Germany's "Final Solution of the Jewish Question" (Endlösung der Judenfrage), marked by the construction of death camps on German-occupied Polish soil.
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Timothy D. Snyder
Timothy David Snyder (born 1969) is an American author and historian specializing in the history of Central and Eastern Europe, and the Holocaust.
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Toruń
Toruń (Thorn) is a city in northern Poland, on the Vistula River.
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Trakai
Trakai (see names section for alternate and historic names) is a historic city and lake resort in Lithuania.
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Varėna
Varėna (Orany, אוראַן Oran) is a city in Dzūkija, Lithuania.
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Vilnius Region
Vilnius Region (Vilniaus kraštas, Wileńszczyzna, Віленшчына, also formerly known in English: as Wilno Region or Vilna Region) is the territory in the present-day Lithuania and Belarus that was originally inhabited by ethnic Baltic tribes and was a part of Lithuania proper, but came under East Slavic and Polish cultural influences over time.
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Yitzhak Arad
Yitzhak Arad (יצחק ארד) (né Icchak Rudnicki) (born November 11, 1926), is an Israeli historian, author, retired IDF brigadier general and a former Soviet partisan, director of Yad Vashem from 1972 to 1993.
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Redirects here:
Lithuanian killing squad, Special Lithuanian Platoon, Special SD and German Security Police Squad, Ypatingasis burys, Ypatingasis burys (Lithuanian killing squad), Ypatingasis burys (killing squad), Ypatingasis būrys (Lithuanian killing squad), Ypatingasis būrys (killing squad).
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ypatingasis_būrys
