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Human brain and Striatum

Shortcuts: Differences, Similarities, Jaccard Similarity Coefficient, References.

Difference between Human brain and Striatum

Human brain vs. Striatum

The brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system. The striatum (striata) or corpus striatum is a cluster of interconnected nuclei that make up the largest structure of the subcortical basal ganglia.

Similarities between Human brain and Striatum

Human brain and Striatum have 55 things in common (in Unionpedia): Acetylcholine, Action potential, Addiction, Amygdala, Anterior cerebral artery, Aphasia, Basal ganglia, Caudate nucleus, Cerebral cortex, Cognition, Decision-making, Executive functions, Frontal lobe, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Gene expression, Globus pallidus, Glutamate (neurotransmitter), Hippocampus, Huntington's disease, Impulsivity, Inhibitory control, Internal capsule, Interneuron, Lateral hypothalamus, Lateral ventricles, Limbic system, Major depressive disorder, Middle cerebral artery, Motivational salience, Motor control, ..., Motor system, Neocortex, Nerve tract, Neural circuit, Neuron, Nucleus (neuroanatomy), Nucleus accumbens, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Olfactory bulb, Olfactory tubercle, Parkinson's disease, Prefrontal cortex, Primate, Putamen, Pyramidal cell, Sense of smell, Striatum, Substantia nigra, Subthalamic nucleus, Supplementary motor area, Thalamus, Tractography, Ventral pallidum, Ventral tegmental area, White matter. Expand index (25 more) »

Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic compound that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals (including humans) as a neurotransmitter.

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Action potential

An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls.

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Addiction

Addiction is a neuropsychological disorder characterized by a persistent and intense urge to use a drug or engage in a behavior that produces natural reward, despite substantial harm and other negative consequences.

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Amygdala

The amygdala (amygdalae or amygdalas; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil') is a paired nuclear complex present in the cerebral hemispheres of vertebrates.

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Anterior cerebral artery

The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) is one of a pair of cerebral arteries that supplies oxygenated blood to most midline portions of the frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes of the brain.

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Aphasia

In aphasia (sometimes called dysphasia), a person may be unable to comprehend or unable to formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions.

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Basal ganglia

The basal ganglia (BG) or basal nuclei are a group of subcortical nuclei found in the brains of vertebrates.

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Caudate nucleus

The caudate nucleus is one of the structures that make up the corpus striatum, which is a component of the basal ganglia in the human brain.

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Cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.

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Cognition

Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

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Decision-making

In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several possible alternative options.

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Executive functions

In cognitive science and neuropsychology, executive functions (collectively referred to as executive function and cognitive control) are a set of cognitive processes that are necessary for the cognitive control of behavior: selecting and successfully monitoring behaviors that facilitate the attainment of chosen goals.

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Frontal lobe

The frontal lobe is the largest of the four major lobes of the brain in mammals, and is located at the front of each cerebral hemisphere (in front of the parietal lobe and the temporal lobe).

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging

Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.

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Gene expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype.

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Globus pallidus

The globus pallidus (GP), also known as paleostriatum or dorsal pallidum, is a subcortical structure of the brain.

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Glutamate (neurotransmitter)

In neuroscience, glutamate is the anion of glutamic acid in its role as a neurotransmitter (a chemical that nerve cells use to send signals to other cells).

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Hippocampus

The hippocampus (hippocampi; via Latin from Greek ἱππόκαμπος, 'seahorse') is a major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.

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Huntington's disease

Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that is mostly inherited.

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Impulsivity

In psychology, impulsivity (or impulsiveness) is a tendency to act on a whim, displaying behavior characterized by little or no forethought, reflection, or consideration of the consequences.

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Inhibitory control

Inhibitory control, also known as response inhibition, is a cognitive process – and, more specifically, an executive function – that permits an individual to inhibit their impulses and natural, habitual, or dominant behavioral responses to stimuli (prepotent responses) in order to select a more appropriate behavior that is consistent with completing their goals.

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Internal capsule

The internal capsule is a white matter structure situated in the inferomedial part of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain.

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Interneuron

Interneurons (also called internuncial neurons, relay neurons, association neurons, connector neurons, intermediate neurons or local circuit neurons) are neurons that connect to brain regions, i.e. not direct motor neurons or sensory neurons.

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Lateral hypothalamus

The lateral hypothalamus (LH), also called the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), contains the primary orexinergic nucleus within the hypothalamus that widely projects throughout the nervous system; this system of neurons mediates an array of cognitive and physical processes, such as promoting feeding behavior and arousal, reducing pain perception, and regulating body temperature, digestive functions, and blood pressure, among many others.

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Lateral ventricles

The lateral ventricles are the two largest ventricles of the brain and contain cerebrospinal fluid.

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Limbic system

The limbic system, also known as the paleomammalian cortex, is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, immediately beneath the medial temporal lobe of the cerebrum primarily in the forebrain.

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Major depressive disorder

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of pervasive low mood, low self-esteem, and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.

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Middle cerebral artery

The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the three major paired cerebral arteries that supply blood to the cerebrum.

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Motivational salience

Motivational salience is a cognitive process and a form of attention that motivates or propels an individual's behavior towards or away from a particular object, perceived event or outcome.

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Motor control

Motor control is the regulation of movements in organisms that possess a nervous system.

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Motor system

The motor system is the set of central and peripheral structures in the nervous system that support motor functions, i.e. movement.

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Neocortex

The neocortex, also called the neopallium, isocortex, or the six-layered cortex, is a set of layers of the mammalian cerebral cortex involved in higher-order brain functions such as sensory perception, cognition, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning and language.

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Nerve tract

A nerve tract is a bundle of nerve fibers (axons) connecting nuclei of the central nervous system.

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Neural circuit

A neural circuit is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated.

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Neuron

A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.

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Nucleus (neuroanatomy)

In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (nuclei) is a cluster of neurons in the central nervous system, located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem.

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Nucleus accumbens

The nucleus accumbens (NAc or NAcc; also known as the accumbens nucleus, or formerly as the nucleus accumbens septi, Latin for 'nucleus adjacent to the septum') is a region in the basal forebrain rostral to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus.

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Obsessive–compulsive disorder

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which an individual has intrusive thoughts (an obsession) and feels the need to perform certain routines (compulsions) repeatedly to relieve the distress caused by the obsession, to the extent where it impairs general function.

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Olfactory bulb

The olfactory bulb (Latin: bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the sense of smell.

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Olfactory tubercle

The olfactory tubercle (OT), also known as the tuberculum olfactorium, is a multi-sensory processing center that is contained within the olfactory cortex and ventral striatum and plays a role in reward cognition.

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Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term neurodegenerative disease of mainly the central nervous system that affects both the motor and non-motor systems of the body.

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Prefrontal cortex

In mammalian brain anatomy, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) covers the front part of the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex.

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Primate

Primates is an order of mammals, which is further divided into the strepsirrhines, which include lemurs, galagos, and lorisids; and the haplorhines, which include tarsiers; and the simians, which include monkeys and apes.

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Putamen

The putamen (from Latin, meaning "nutshell") is a round structure located at the base of the forebrain (telencephalon).

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Pyramidal cell

Pyramidal cells, or pyramidal neurons, are a type of multipolar neuron found in areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala.

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Sense of smell

The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived.

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Striatum

The striatum (striata) or corpus striatum is a cluster of interconnected nuclei that make up the largest structure of the subcortical basal ganglia.

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Substantia nigra

The substantia nigra (SN) is a basal ganglia structure located in the midbrain that plays an important role in reward and movement.

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Subthalamic nucleus

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a small lens-shaped nucleus in the brain where it is, from a functional point of view, part of the basal ganglia system.

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Supplementary motor area

The supplementary motor area (SMA) is a part of the motor cortex of primates that contributes to the control of movement.

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Thalamus

The thalamus (thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral walls of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain).

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Tractography

In neuroscience, tractography is a 3D modeling technique used to visually represent nerve tracts using data collected by diffusion MRI.

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Ventral pallidum

The ventral pallidum (VP) is a structure within the basal ganglia of the brain.

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Ventral tegmental area

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) (tegmentum is Latin for covering), also known as the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, or simply ventral tegmentum, is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of the midbrain.

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White matter

White matter refers to areas of the central nervous system (CNS) that are mainly made up of myelinated axons, also called tracts.

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The list above answers the following questions

Human brain and Striatum Comparison

Human brain has 784 relations, while Striatum has 140. As they have in common 55, the Jaccard index is 5.95% = 55 / (784 + 140).

References

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