Cardinal-nephew

A cardinal-nephew (cardinalis nepos; cardinale nipote; valido de su tío; prince de fortune)Signorotto and Visceglia, 2002, p. 114. ^[1]

Achille d'Étampes de Valençay

Achille d'Étampes de Valençay (5 July 1593 – 27 June 1646) was a French military leader, a Knight of Malta and later a Catholic Cardinal.

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Aldobrandini family

The Aldobrandini are an Italian noble family from Florence, with close ties to the Vatican.

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Aldobrandini Tazze

The Aldobrandini Tazze are a set of 12 silver-gilt standing cups in the shallow tazza shape (plural tazze), sometimes described as bowls or dishes.

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Alfonso Carafa

Alfonso Carafa (16 July 1540 - 29 August 1565) was a member of one of the oldest noble families of Naples and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Altieri family

The Altieri family was an ancient noble family of Rome, present in the history of the city since the Middle Ages.

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Amedeo di Saluzzo

Amedeo di Saluzzo (1361-28 June 1419) was a cardinal during the Western Schism.

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Anchero Pantaléone

Anchero Pantaleone (1210–1286) was a French cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Urban IV, his uncle who elevated him on 22 May 1262.

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An antipope (antipapa) is a person who, in opposition to the one who is generally seen as the legitimately elected Pope, makes a significantly accepted competing claim to be the Pope, the Bishop of Rome and leader of the Catholic Church.

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Antonio Barberini

Antonio Barberini (5 August 1607 – 3 August 1671) was an Italian Catholic cardinal, Archbishop of Reims, military leader, patron of the arts and a prominent member of the House of Barberini.

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Antonio Latini

Antonio Latini (1642–1692) was a steward of Cardinal Antonio Barberini, cardinal-nephew of Pope Urban VIII in Rome and subsequently to Don Stefano Carillo Salcedo, first minister to the Spanish viceroy of Naples.

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Arnaud d'Aux

Arnaud d'Aux (1260/70 – August 1320) was relative of pope Clement V, who named him bishop of Poitiers (November 1306), and then cardinal-bishop of Albano (23 December 1312).

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Arnaud de Pellegrue

Arnaud de Pellegrue (died August 1331) was a cardinal-nephew of Pope Clement V, the first pope of the Avignon Papacy.

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Ascanio Filomarino

Ascanio Filomarino (1583 – November 3, 1666) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal, who was Archbishop of Naples from 1641 to 1666.

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Étienne de Bar

Étienne de Bar (also: Stephen of Bar) was a French cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Callixtus II.

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Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo

The Parish Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo (Basilica Parrocchiale Santa Maria del Popolo) is a titular church and a minor basilica in Rome run by the Augustinian order.

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Benedetto II Caetani

Benedetto Caetani (died 14 December 1296) was an Italian cardinal.

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Benefice

A benefice or living is a reward received in exchange for services rendered and as a retainer for future services.

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Bernard Jarre

Bernard Jarre (or Garves) (died 1328) was a French Cardinal in the period of the Avignon papacy.

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Bobo of San Teodoro

Bobo of San Teodoro (died 9 October 1199) was an Italian cardinal.

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Boso Breakspeare

Boso (death 1178) was an Italian Cardinal.

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Camillo Astalli

Camillo Astalli (21 October 1616 – 21 December 1663) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Cardinal-Nephew of Pope Innocent X who served Cardinal Priest of San Pietro in Montorio (1653–1662), Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals (1661–1662), and Archbishop (personal title) of Catania (1661–1663). Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 19, 2016.

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Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili

Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili (21 February 1622 – 26 July 1666) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and later nobleman of the Pamphili family.

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Captain General of the Church

The Captain General of the Church (Capitano generale della Chiesa) was the de facto commander-in-chief of the papal armed forces during the Middle Ages.

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Cardinal (Catholic Church)

A cardinal (Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church) is a senior ecclesiastical leader, considered a Prince of the Church, and usually an ordained bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Cardinal electors for the papal conclave, March 1605

The papal conclave of March 1605 was convened on the death of Pope Clement VIII and ended with the election of Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici as Pope Leo XI on 1 April 1605.

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Cardinal Mazarin

Cardinal Jules Raymond Mazarin, 1st Duke of Rethel, Mayenne and Nevers (14 July 1602 – 9 March 1661), born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino or Mazarino, was an Italian cardinal, diplomat, and politician, who served as the Chief Minister to the kings of France Louis XIII and Louis XIV from 1642 until his death.

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Cardinal protector

Since the thirteenth century it has been customary at Rome to confide to some particular Cardinal a special solicitude in the Roman Curia for the interests of a given religious order or institute, confraternity, church, college, city, nation etcetera.

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Cardinal protector of England

The Cardinal protector of England was an appointed crown-cardinal of England from 1492 until 1539.

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Cardinal Secretary of State

The Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope, commonly known as the Cardinal Secretary of State, presides over the Holy See Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia.

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Cardinal-Infante

The title Cardinal-Infante may refer to any one of the following, each of them both an infante (prince) and a cardinal.

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Cardinals created by Alexander VII

Pope Alexander VII (r. 1655–1667) created thirty eight new cardinals in six consistories.

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Cardinals created by Clement IX

Pope Clement IX (r. 1667–1669) created 12 cardinals in three consistories.

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Cardinals created by Eugene IV

Pope Eugene IV (1431–1447) created 27 cardinals in six consistories.

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Cardinals created by Gregory X

Pope Gregory X (1271–1276) create five cardinals in one consistory.

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Cardinals created by Gregory XV

Pope Gregory XV (r. 1621–1623) created eleven cardinals in four consistories.

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Cardinals created by Innocent IX

Pope Innocent IX (r. 1591) created two cardinals in one consistory on 18 December 1591: 1.

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Cardinals created by Innocent VII

Pope Innocent VII (r. 1404–1406), the third Pope in the obedience of Rome during the Great Western Schism, created eleven new cardinals in one consistory celebrated on 12 June 1405.

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Cardinals created by Innocent X

Pope Innocent X (r. 1644–1655) created 40 cardinals in 8 consistories.

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Cardinals created by Urban IV

Pope Urban IV (1261–1264) created fourteen new cardinals in two consistories.

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Carlo Carafa

Carlo Carafa (29 March 1517 - 6 March 1561) of a distinguished family of Naples, vicious and talented was successively condottiero in the service of France and of Spain, vying for their protectorates in Italy until 1555, when he was made a cardinal, to 1559 the all-powerful favourite and Cardinal Nephew of Pope Paul IV Carafa, whose policies he directed and whom he served as papal legate in Paris, Venice and Brussels.

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Casamari Abbey

Casamari Abbey is a Cistercian abbey in the Province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy, about 10 kilometers (6 miles) east-south-east of Veroli.

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Castel Sant'Angelo

The Mausoleum of Hadrian, usually known as Castel Sant'Angelo (English: Castle of the Holy Angel), is a towering cylindrical building in Parco Adriano, Rome, Italy.

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Charles Borromeo

Charles Borromeo (Carlo Borromeo, Carolus Borromeus, 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was Roman Catholic archbishop of Milan from 1564 to 1584 and a cardinal.

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Chigi Family

The Chigi family is a Roman princely family of Sienese extraction descended from the counts of Ardenghesca, which possessed castles in the Maremma, southern Tuscany.

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Conclave capitulation

A conclave capitulation was a compact or unilateral contract drawn up by the College of Cardinals during a papal conclave to constrain the actions of the pope elected by the conclave.

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Corsican Guard

The Corsican Guard (Italian and Corsican: Guardia Corsa) was a military unit of the Papal States composed exclusively of Corsican mercenaries on duty in Rome, having the functions of an urban militia and guard for the Pope.

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Crown-cardinal

A crown-cardinal (cardinale della corona) was a cardinal protector of a Roman Catholic nation, nominated or funded by a Catholic monarch to serve as their representative within the College of Cardinals and, on occasion, to exercise the right claimed by some monarchs to veto a candidate for election to the papacy.

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Decio Azzolino

Decio Azzolino (11 April 1623 – 8 June 1689) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal, code-breaker, investigator and leader of the Squadrone Volante.

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Favourite

A favourite or favorite (American English) was the intimate companion of a ruler or other important person.

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Filippo Boncompagni

Filippo Boncompagni (September 7, 1548 – June 9, 1586) was an Italian Cardinal, created by Pope Gregory XIII (his uncle) on June 2, 1572.

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Flavio Chigi (1631–1693)

Flavio Chigi (10 May 1631 – 13 September 1693) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Duke of Ariccia.

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François de La Rochefoucauld (cardinal)

François de La Rochefoucauld (8 December 1558 – 14 February 1645) was a French Cardinal and an "important figure in the French Counter Reformation church".

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Francesco Maidalchini

Francesco Maidalchini (21 April 1631 – 13 June 1700) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Francesco Moricotti Prignani

Francesco Moricotti Prignani (Prignano) (died 1394) was an Italian bishop and Cardinal.

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Francisco de Borja

Francisco de Borja y Navarro de Alpicat (1441 – November 4, 1511) was a Spanish cardinal, and the seventh of ten cardinal-nephews created by Pope Alexander VI.

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Gérard du Puy

Gérard du Puy (died February 14, 1389) was a French cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and cardinal-nephew of Pope Gregory XI.

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Gerardo Allucingoli

Gerardo Allucingoli (died 1208) was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Lucius III, who elevated him in 1182.

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Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Gian Lorenzo Bernini (also Gianlorenzo or Giovanni Lorenzo; 7 December 1598 – 28 November 1680) was an Italian sculptor and architect.

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Gianpaolo Della Chiesa

Gianpaolo Della Chiesa (1521–1575) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.

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Giovanni Andrea Bussi

Giovanni Andrea Bussi (1417–1475), also Giovan de' Bussi or Joannes Andreae, was an Italian Renaissance humanist and the Bishop of Aleria (from 1469).

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Giovanni Antonio Guadagni

Giovanni Antonio Guadagni (14 September 1674 – 15 January 1759) - in religious Giovanni Antonio di San Bernardo - was an Italian cardinal and a professed member from the Discalced Carmelites.

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Giovanni Battista Maria Pallotta

Giovanni Battista Maria Pallotta (also Palotta or Palotto) (23 January, 1594 – 22 January, 1668) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal.

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Giovanni Carafa, Duke of Paliano

Giovanni Carafa (died 5 March 1561), Duke of Paliano, was a papal nephew and minor Italian prince.

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Giovanni dei Conti di Segni

Giovanni dei Conti di Segni (died June 14, 1213) was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Innocent III, his cousin, who elevated him in 1200 with the deaconry of Santa Maria in Cosmedin.

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Giovanni Giacomo Panciroli

Giovanni Giacomo Panciroli (1587 – 3 September 1651) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Cardinal Secretary of State.

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Girolamo Dandini (1509–1559)

In the Papal curia the first man to fill the position of cardinal-secretary of state was the newly created Cardinal, Girolamo Dandini (1509 – 4 December 1559).

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Girolamo Rusticucci

Girolamo Rusticucci (1537 – 14 June 1603) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and bishop.

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Gregorio della Suburra

Gregorio della Suburra (died 1162/63) was an Italian cardinal, created by Pope Innocent II in 1140 as priest of the title of S. Maria in Trastevere.

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Gregorio Leti

Gregorio Leti (1630–1701) was an Italian historian and satirist from Milan, who sometimes published under the pseudonym Abbe Gualdi, L'abbé Gualdi, or Gualdus known for his works about the Catholic Church, especially the papacy.

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Gregorio Papareschi (cardinal)

Gregorio (Papareschi?) was an Italian cardinal created by Pope Innocent II ca.

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Guglielmo Fieschi

Guglielmo Fieschi was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Innocent IV, his uncle, who elevated him on May 28, 1244.

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Guy of Boulogne

Guy of Boulogne (1313 – 25 November 1373) was a statesman and cardinal who served the Avignon Papacy for 33 years.

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History of Avignon

The following is a history of Avignon, France.

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History of the papacy

The history of the papacy, the office held by the pope as head of the Roman Catholic Church, according to Catholic doctrine, spans from the time of Peter to the present day.

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House of Borgia

The House of Borgia (Italian: Borgia; Spanish and Borja; Borja) was an Italo-Spanish noble family, which rose to prominence during the Italian Renaissance.

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Innocenzo Ciocchi Del Monte

Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte (c. 1532–1577) was a notorious Cardinal whose relationship with pope Julius III caused grave scandal in the early 16th century.

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Jean de Murat de Cros

Jean de Murat du Cros was a French cardinal of the Catholic Church.

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Jerzy Siemiginowski-Eleuter

Jerzy Siemiginowski-Eleuter (born Jerzy Szymonowicz; c. 1660 – c. 1711) was a prominent Polish painter and engraver of the Baroque, court painter of king John III Sobieski and a Polish–Lithuanian noble.

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Juan de Borja Lanzol de Romaní, el mayor

Juan de Borja Lanzol (Llançol) de Romaní, el mayor (1446 – August 1, 1503) was the first of ten cardinal-nephews elevated by Pope Alexander VI, the cousin of his father, Galcerán de Borja y Moncada.

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Lay cardinal

In the Roman Catholic Church, a "lay cardinal" was a cardinal who had never been given major orders, i.e. who had never been ordained a deacon, priest, or bishop.

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Liber Pontificalis

The Liber Pontificalis (Latin for 'pontifical book' or Book of the Popes) is a book of biographies of popes from Saint Peter until the 15th century.

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List of cardinal-nephews

A cardinal-nephew is a cardinal elevated by a pope who was his uncle, or more generally, his relative.

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List of excommunicated cardinals

Only a few dozen cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church have been excommunicated.

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List of extant papal tombs

A pope is the Bishop of Rome and the leader of the Catholic Church.

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List of papal bulls

This is an incomplete list of papal bulls, listed by the year in which each was issued.

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List of papal relatives created cardinal

This is a list of papal relatives created cardinal by a pope other than their relative.

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List of titles

This is a list of personal titles arranged in a sortable table.

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Livio Odescalchi

Livio Odescalchi (March 10, 1652 - September 8, 1713), Duke of Bracciano, Ceri and Syrmia, was an Italian nobleman of the Odescalchi family.

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Lorenzo Magalotti (cardinal)

Lorenzo Magalotti (1584–1637) was an Italian clergyman who was Cardinal Secretary of State under Pope Urban VIII from 1623 to 1628, and later Bishop of Ferrara till his death.

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Ludovisi

Ludovisi can refer to.

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Ludovisi (family)

The Ludovisi were an Italian noble family, originating from Bologna.

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Luigi Capponi

Luigi Capponi (1582 – 6 April 1659) was an Italian Catholic cardinal who became archbishop of Ravenna.

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Marmoutier Abbey, Tours

Marmoutier Abbey — also known as the Abbey of Marmoutier or Marmoutiers — was an early monastery outside Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France.

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Michele Bonelli

Carlo Michele Bonelli, Cardinal Alessandrino (25 November 1541– 28 March 1598) was an Italian senior papal diplomat with a distinguished career that spanned two decades from 1571.

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Nepotism

Nepotism is based on favour granted to relatives in various fields, including business, politics, entertainment, sports, religion and other activities.

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Niccolò Fortiguerra

Niccolò Fortiguerra (also spelled Forteguerri) (1419 – 21 December 1473) was an Italian papal legate, military commander, and Cardinal.

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Niccolò Scolari

Niccolo Scolari (died 1200) was an Italian cardinal.

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Nobility of Italy

The Nobility of Italy (Nobiltà italiana) comprises individuals and their families of the Italian peninsula, and the islands linked with it, recognized by sovereigns, such as the Holy Roman Emperor, the Holy See, the Kings of Italy, and certain other Italian kings and sovereigns, as members of a class of persons officially enjoying hereditary privileges which distinguished them from other persons and families.

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Odon de Châtillon

Odon de Châtillon (died ca. 1102) was a French cardinal.

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Olimpia Aldobrandini

Olimpia Aldobrandini (20 April 1623 – 18 December 1681) was a member of the Aldobrandini family of Rome, and the sole heiress to the family fortune.

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Olimpia Maidalchini

Olimpia Maidalchini Pamphilj (26 May 1591 – 27 September 1657), (also spelled Pamphili and known as Olimpia Pamphili), was the sister-in-law of Pope Innocent X (Pamphili).

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Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni

Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni (died January 29, 1234) was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Innocent III, his cousin who elevated him probably in May 1206.

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Palazzo Altieri

The Palazzo Altieri Palazzo Altieri is a palace in Rome, which was the home of the Altieri family in the city.

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Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni

Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni (8 June 1623 – 29 June 1698) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Cardinal-Nephew to Pope Clement X.

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Pamphili family

The Pamphili (often with the final long i orthography, Pamphilj) are one of the papal families deeply entrenched in Roman Catholic Church, Roman and Italian politics of the 16th and 17th centuries.

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Papal conclave, 1304–05

The papal conclave of 1304–05 (from July 10 (or 17), 1304 to June 5, 1305), held in Perugia, was the protracted papal conclave that elected non-cardinal Raymond Bertrand de Got as Pope Clement V and immediately preceded the beginning of the Avignon Papacy.

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Papal conclave, 1314–16

The papal conclave of 1314–16 (May 1, 1314 to August 7, 1316), held in the apostolic palace of Carpentras and then the Dominican house in Lyon, was one of the longest conclaves in the history of the Roman Catholic Church and the first conclave of the Avignon Papacy.

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Papal conclave, 1352

The papal conclave of 1352 (December 16–18) convened after the death of Pope Clement VI, elected as his successor cardinal Etienne Aubert, who became the fifth Pope of the period of Avignon Papacy under the name Innocent VI.

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Papal conclave, 1362

The papal conclave of 1362 elected William Grimoard as Pope Urban V to succeed Pope Innocent VI in the Palais des Papes of Avignon, continuing the Avignon Papacy.

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Papal conclave, 1370

The papal conclave of 1370 (December 29–30), held after the death of Pope Urban V, elected as his successor cardinal Pierre Roger de Beaufort, who under the name Gregory XI became seventh and the last Pope of the period of Avignon Papacy.

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Papal conclave, 1378

The papal conclave of 1378 which was held from April 7 to 9, 1378 was the papal conclave which was the immediate cause of the Western Schism in the Catholic Church.

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Papal conclave, 1406

The papal conclave of 1406 (November 18–30), the papal conclave of the time of the Great Western Schism, convened after the death of Pope Innocent VII.

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Papal conclave, 1431

The papal conclave of 1431 (March 2–3) convened after the death of Pope Martin V, elected as his successor cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name Eugene IV.

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Papal conclave, 1455

The papal conclave of 1455 (April 4–8) elected Alfons Borja Pope Callixtus III following the death of Pope Nicholas V. The conclave was the first in the Apostolic Palace, the site of all but five papal conclave thereafter.

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Papal conclave, 1458

The papal conclave of 1458 (August 16–19) convened after the death of Pope Callixtus III, elected as his successor Cardinal Enea Silvio Piccolomini, who took the name Pius II.

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Papal conclave, 1464

The papal conclave of 1464 (August 28–30) convened after the death of Pope Pius II, elected as his successor cardinal Pietro Barbo, who took the name Paul II.

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Papal conclave, 1471

The papal conclave of 1471 (August 6–9) elected Pope Sixtus IV following the death of Pope Paul II.

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Papal conclave, 1484

The papal conclave of 1484 (August 26–29), elected Pope Innocent VIII after the death of Pope Sixtus IV.

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Papal conclave, 1492

The papal conclave of 1492 (6–11 August) was convened after the death of Pope Innocent VIII (25 July 1492).

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Papal conclave, 1521–22

The papal conclave of 1521–1522 elected Pope Adrian VI to succeed Pope Leo X. The conclave was marked by the early candidacies of cardinal-nephew Giulio de'Medici (future Pope Clement VII) and Alessandro Farnese (future Pope Paul III), although the Colonna and other cardinals blocked their election.

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Papal conclave, 1534

The papal conclave of 1534 (October 11 – October 13) was convened after the death of Pope Clement VII, and elected as his successor cardinal Alessandro Farnese, who became Pope Paul III.

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Papal conclave, 1549–50

The papal conclave of 1549–50 (November 29 – February 7), convened after the death of Pope Paul III and eventually elected Giovanni Del Monte to the papacy as Pope Julius III.

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Papal conclave, 1572

The papal conclave of 1572 (May 12–13), convoked after the death of Pius V, elected Cardinal Ugo Boncompagni, who took the name Gregory XIII.

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Papal conclave, 1592

The papal conclave of 1592 (January 10–30), elected Pope Clement VIII in succession to Pope Innocent IX.

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Papal conclave, 1655

The papal conclave of 1655 was convened on the death of Pope Innocent X and ended with the election of Fabio Chigi as Alexander VII.

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Papal conclave, 1667

The papal conclave of 1667 was convened on the death of Pope Alexander VII and ended with the election of Giulio Rospigliosi as Pope Clement IX.

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Papal conclave, 1691

The papal conclave of 1691 was convened on the death of Pope Alexander VIII and ended with the election of Antonio Pignatelli as Pope Innocent XII.

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Papal conclave, 1721

The papal conclave of 1721, convoked after the death of Pope Clement XI, it elected Cardinal Michelangelo de' Conti who took the name of Innocent XIII.

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Papal conclave, 1758

The papal conclave of 1758 (May 15 – July 6), convoked after the death of Pope Benedict XIV, it elected Cardinal Carlo Rezzonico of Venice, who took the name Clement XIII.

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Papal conclave, 1769

The papal conclave of 1769 (15 February – 19 May), was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XIII.

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Papal conclave, April 1555

The papal conclave of April 1555 (April 5–9) was convoked after the death of Pope Julius III.

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Papal conclave, March 1605

The papal conclave of March–April 1605 was convened on the death of Pope Clement VIII and ended with the election of Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici as Pope Leo XI.

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Papal conclave, May 1605

The papal conclave of May 1605 was convened on the death of Pope Leo XI and ended with the election of Camillo Borghese as Pope Paul V. This was the second conclave of 1605, with the one that had elected Leo XI having concluded just 37 days earlier.

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Papal conclave, September 1503

The papal conclave of September 1503 elected Pope Pius III to succeed Pope Alexander VI.

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Papal election, 1153

The papal election of 1153 followed the death of Pope Eugene III and resulted in the election of Pope Anastasius IV.

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Papal election, 1154

The papal election of 1154 followed the death of Pope Anastasius IV and resulted in the election of Pope Adrian IV, the only Englishman to become pope.

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Papal election, 1159

The papal election of 1159 (held 4–7 September) followed the death of Pope Adrian IV.

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Papal election, 1185

The papal election of 1185 (held November 25) was a convoked after the death of Pope Lucius III.

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Papal election, 1198

The papal election of 1198 (held January 8) was convoked after the death of Pope Celestine III; it ended with the election of Cardinal Lotario dei Conti di Segni, who took the name Innocent III.

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Papal election, 1216

The papal election of 1216 (July 18), was convoked after the death of Pope Innocent III in Perugia (July 16, 1216), elected Cardinal Cencio Camerario, who took the name of Honorius III.

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Papal election, 1227

The papal election of 1227 (March 19), was convoked after the death of Pope Honorius III on March 18, 1227 at Rome.

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Papal election, 1268–71

The papal election of 1268–71 (from November 1268 to September 1, 1271), following the death of Pope Clement IV, was the longest papal election in the history of the Catholic Church.

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Papal election, 1277

The papal election of 1277 (May 30 – November 25), convened in Viterbo after the death of Pope John XXI, was the smallest papal election since the expansion of suffrage to cardinal-priests and cardinal-deacons, with only seven cardinal electors (following the deaths of three popes who had not created cardinals).

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Papal election, 1280–81

The papal election of 1280–81 (September 22 – February 22) elected Simon de Brion, who took the name Pope Martin IV, as the successor to Pope Nicholas III.

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Papal election, 1287–88

The papal election of 1287–88 (April 4 – February 22) was the deadliest papal election in the history of the Roman Catholic Church, with six (or five) of the sixteen (or fifteen) cardinal electors perishing during the deliberations.

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Papal election, December 1187

The papal election of December 1187 (held December 19) was convoked after the death of Pope Gregory VIII.

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Papal election, October 1187

The papal election of October 1187 (held October 21) was convoked after the death of Pope Urban III.

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Papal nobility

The papal nobility is the nobility of the Holy See.

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Papal tombs in old St. Peter's Basilica

The papal tombs in old St.

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Pedro Luis de Borja Lanzol de Romaní

Pedro Luis de Borja Lanzol de Romaní, O.S.Io.Hieros. (1472 – 4 October 1511) was a Roman Catholic cardinal and cardinal-nephew and papal military leader.

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Perugia Papacy

Perugia was a long-time papal residence during the 13th century.

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Philipp von Stosch

Baron Philipp von Stosch (22 March 1691 – 7 November 1757) was a Prussian antiquarian who lived in Rome and Florence.

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Pierre de Murat de Cros

Pierre de Murat de Cros, O.S.B., (1320 – 1388) was a French monk of aristocratic origins who became a cardinal of the Avignon Obedience during the Great Schism, as well as the Archbishop of Arles and the Chamberlain of the Apostolic Camera (Latin: Camerarius Apostolicus).

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Pietro Ottoboni (cardinal)

Pietro Ottoboni (2 July 1667 – 29 February 1740) was an Italian cardinal and grandnephew of Pope Alexander VIII (who was also born Pietro Ottoboni).

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Pietro Papareschi

Pietro (Papareschi?) was an Italian cardinal created by Pope Innocent II on 17 September 1143.

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Pope Adrian IV

Pope Adrian IV (Adrianus IV; born Nicholas Breakspear; 1 September 1159), also known as Hadrian IV, was Pope from 4 December 1154 to his death in 1159.

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Pope Alexander VI

Pope Alexander VI, born Rodrigo de Borja (de Borja, Rodrigo Lanzol y de Borja; 1 January 1431 – 18 August 1503), was Pope from 11 August 1492 until his death.

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Pope Alexander VII

Pope Alexander VII (13 February 159922 May 1667), born Fabio Chigi, was Pope from 7 April 1655 to his death in 1667.

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Pope Benedict XIII

Pope Benedict XIII (Benedictus XIII; 2 February 1649 – 21 February 1730), born Pietro Francesco Orsini and later called Vincenzo Maria Orsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 May 1724 to his death in 1730.

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Pope Clement VII

Pope Clement VII (26 May 1478 – 25 September 1534), born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 November 1523 to his death on 25 September 1534.

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Pope Clement X

Pope Clement X (Clemens X; 13 July 1590 – 22 July 1676), born Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, was Pope from 29 April 1670 to his death in 1676.

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Pope Innocent II

Pope Innocent II (Innocentius II; died 23 September 1143), born Gregorio Papareschi, was Pope from 14 February 1130 to his death in 1143.

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Pope Innocent XII

Pope Innocent XII (Innocentius XII; 13 March 1615 – 27 September 1700), born Antonio Pignatelli, was Pope from 12 July 1691 to his death in 1700.

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Pope Julius III

Pope Julius III (Iulius III; 10 September 1487 – 23 March 1555), born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 February 1550 to his death in 1555.

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Pope Leo XII

Pope Leo XII (22 August 1760 – 10 February 1829), born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiorre Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 28 September 1823 to his death in 1829.

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Pope Paul II

Pope Paul II (Paulus II; 23 February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was Pope from 30 August 1464 to his death in 1471.

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Pope Paul III and His Grandsons

Pope Paul III and His Grandsons (Paolo III e i nipoti Alessandro e Ottavio Farnese) is a painting in oil on canvas by Titian, housed in the Museo di Capodimonte, Naples.

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Pope Paul IV

Pope Paul IV, C.R. (Paulus IV; 28 June 1476 – 18 August 1559), born Gian Pietro Carafa, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 23 May 1555 to his death in 1559.

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Prospero Colonna (cardinal)

Prospero Colonna (c. 1410–1463) was a cardinal-nephew of Pope Martin V (Odo Colonna), whose election ended the Western Schism.

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Reformation Papacy

The papacy underwent important changes from 1517 to 1585 during the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation.

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Renaissance Papacy

The Renaissance Papacy was a period of papal history between the Western Schism and the Protestant Reformation.

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Romanum decet pontificem

Romanum decet Pontificem (named for its Latin incipit: "it befits the Roman Pontiff") is a papal bull issued by Pope Innocent XII (1691—1700) on June 22, 1692, banning the office of cardinal-nephew, limiting his successors to elevating only one cardinal relative, eliminating various sinecures traditionally reserved for cardinal-nephews and capping the stipend or endowment the nephew of a pope could receive to 12,000 scudi.

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Rorik of Dorestad

Rorik (Roricus, Rorichus; Old Norse HrœrekR, c. 810 – c. 880) was a Danish Viking, who ruled over parts of Friesland between 841 and 873, conquering Dorestad and Utrecht in 850.

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Rospigliosi family

The Rospigliosi family is an ancient noble Italian family from Pistoia.

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Sacra Consulta

The Sacred Congregation of the Consulta or Sacra Consulta was a dicastery of the Roman Curia.

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Santa Maria del Priorato Church

The Church of St.

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Santa Maria sopra Minerva

Santa Maria sopra Minerva (Saint Mary above Minerva, Sancta Maria supra Minervam) is one of the major churches of the Roman Catholic Order of Preachers (better known as the Dominicans) in Rome, Italy.

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Scipione Borghese

Scipione Borghese or; (1 September 1577 – 2 October 1633) was an Italian Cardinal, art collector and patron of the arts.

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Squadrone Volante

The Squadrone Volante ("Flying Squad") was a 17th-century group of independent and liberal cardinals within the College of Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Ubaldo Caccianemici

Ubaldo Caccianemici (died 1171) was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Lucius II, his cousin who elevated him in May or June 1144.

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Uberto Allucingoli

Uberto Allucingoli was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Lucius III, his uncle who ostensibly elevated him with the title of San Lorenzo in Damaso in 1182.

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Vincenzo Maculani

Vincenzo Maculani (11 September 1578 – 16 February 1667) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal, inquisitor and military architect.

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Wars of Castro

The Wars of Castro were a series of conflicts during the mid-17th century revolving around the ancient city of Castro (located in present-day Lazio, Italy), which eventually resulted in the city's destruction on 2 September 1649.

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Young Sick Bacchus

The Young Sick Bacchus (Italian: Bacchino Malato), also known as the Sick Bacchus or the Self-Portrait as Bacchus, is an early self-portrait by the Baroque artist Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, dated between 1593 and 1594.

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1635: The Cannon Law

1635: The Cannon Law is the sixth book and fifth novel published in the 1632 series by Eric Flint and Andrew Dennis.

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Redirects here:

Cardinal Nephew, Cardinal boss, Cardinal nephew, Cardinal nipote, Cardinal-Nephew, Cardinal-cousin, Cardinal-nephews, Cardinal-son, Cardinale nipote, Cardinale padrone, Cardinalis nepos, Il cardinale padrone, Le prince de la fortune, Nipote, Papal nephew, Secretarius, Secretarius Papae et superintendens status ecclesiasticae, Secretarius Papae et superintendens status ecclesiasticæ, Secretarius maior, Sopraintendent dello Stato Ecclesiastico, Sopraintendente, Valido de su tio, Valido de su tío.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal-nephew

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