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104 relations: Aksu, Kazakhstan, Altai Mountains, Altay City, Amban, Ashina Helu, Asia, Astana, Barnaul, Battle of Irtysh River, Beitun, Xinjiang, Bukhtarma Hydroelectric Power Plant, Bukhtarma River, Burqin County, Burqin Shankou Dam, Cargo ship, Cherlak, China, Chinese language, Chonghu'er Dam, Conquest of the Khanate of Sibir, Convention of Peking, Crime and Punishment, Dam, Demyanka River, Drainage basin, Dungan Revolt (1862–77), Dzungar Khanate, Dzungaria, Endorheic basin, FC Irtysh Omsk, FC Irtysh Pavlodar, Fuyun County, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Geography of China, Geography of Kazakhstan, Geography of Russia, Great Soviet Encyclopedia, Haba River Shankou Dam, Hydroelectricity, Inland port, Interbasin transfer, Irtysh–Karaganda Canal, Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal, Ishim River, Ivan Neplyuyev, Jilebulake Dam, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Khan (title), Khanate of Sibir, ..., Khanty-Mansiysk, Kuytun–Beitun railway, Lake Zaysan, Lock (water navigation), Mongolia, Mongols, Northern river reversal, Ob River, Oirats, Omsk, Orenburg, Oskemen, Pavlodar, Peter the Great, Petropavl, Pinyin, Project 635 Dam, Qashliq, Qing dynasty, River, Russia, Semey, Serebryansk, Shulbinsk Hydroelectric Power Plant, Siberian Cossacks, Siberian Tatar language, Steppe, Su Dingfang, Surgut, Tacheng, Taiga, Tang campaigns against the Western Turks, Tang dynasty, Tanker (ship), Tara, Omsk Oblast, The Secret History of the Mongols, Tobol River, Tobolsk, Trans-Siberian Railway, Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1881), Turkestan–Siberia Railway, Turkic peoples, Tyumen, Ulungur Lake, Ulungur River, Ust-Kamenogorsk Hydroelectric Power Plant, Uyghur language, Uzbekistan, West Siberian Plain, Western Turkic Khaganate, Xiao'erjing, Xinjiang, Zuo Zongtang, Zyryanovsk. Expand index (54 more) »
Aksu, Kazakhstan
Aksu (Ақсу / Aqsw), literally meaning the white river, formerly known as Yermak (Ермак, until 1993), is a city in Kazakhstan, in Pavlodar Region, located 50 km to the south of Pavlodar on the left bank of the Irtysh River.
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Altai Mountains
The Altai Mountains (also spelled Altay Mountains; Altai: Алтай туулар, Altay tuular; Mongolian:, Altai-yin niruɣu (Chakhar) / Алтайн нуруу, Altain nuruu (Khalkha); Kazakh: Алтай таулары, Altai’ tay’lary, التاي تاۋلارى Алтайские горы, Altajskije gory; Chinese; 阿尔泰山脉, Ā'ěrtài Shānmài, Xiao'erjing: اَعَرتَىْ شًامَىْ; Dungan: Артэ Шанмэ) are a mountain range in Central and East Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan come together, and are where the rivers Irtysh and Ob have their headwaters.
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Altay City
Altay or Aletai (Uyghur: ئالتاي شەھىرى / Алтай Шəһири / Altay Shehiri / Altay Xəⱨiri;; Аләтэ, Aləte, اَلْتَىْ) is a county-level city in Altay Prefecture within Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, in far northern Xinjiang, China.
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Amban
Amban (Manchu:Amban, Mongol: Амбан, Tibetan:ཨམ་བན་am ben, Uighur:ئامبان་am ben) is a Manchu language word meaning "high official," which corresponds to a number of different official titles in the Qing imperial government.
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Ashina Helu
Ashina Helu, also known as Ishbara Khagan, (ruled 651–658) was the last khagan of the Western Turkic Khaganate.
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Asia
Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.
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Astana
Astana (Астана, Astana) is the capital city of Kazakhstan.
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Barnaul
Barnaul (p) is a city and the administrative center of Altai Krai, Russia, located at the confluence of the Barnaulka and Ob Rivers in the West Siberian Plain.
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Battle of Irtysh River
The Battle of Irtysh River or Battle of Yexi River was a battle in 657 between Tang Dynasty general Su Dingfang and the Western Turkic Khaganate qaghan Ashina Helu during the Tang campaign against the Western Turks.
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Beitun, Xinjiang
Beitun is a city in the north of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China (PRC).
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Bukhtarma Hydroelectric Power Plant
The Bukhtarma Hydroelectric Power Plant (Бұқтырма Су Электр Стансасы, Buqtırma Su Élektr Stansası; Бухтарминская ГЭС, Buchtarminskaja GES) is a hydroelectric power plant on the Irtysh River upstream of the town of Serebryansk, in East Kazakhstan Province of Kazakhstan.
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Bukhtarma River
The Bukhtarma River (Бұқтырма, Buqtırma, بۇقتىرما,; Бухтарма, Bukhtarma) is a river of Kazakhstan.
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Burqin County
Burqin County (بۇرچىن ناھىيىسى, Бурчин Наһийиси; بۋىرشىن اۋدانى, Буыршын Ауданы), is a county in the Xinjiang region of China and is under the administration of the Kazakh autonomous area of Altay Prefecture.
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Burqin Shankou Dam
The Burqin Shankou Dam is an arch dam in Burqin County of Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of China.
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Cargo ship
A cargo ship or freighter ship is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another.
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Cherlak
Cherlak (Черлак) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chinese language
Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
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Chonghu'er Dam
The Chonghu'er Dam is a gravity dam on the Burqin River in Burqin County of Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China.
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Conquest of the Khanate of Sibir
The Khanate of Sibir was a Muslim state located just east of the middle Ural Mountains.
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Convention of Peking
The Convention or First Convention of Peking, sometimes now known as the Convention of Beijing, is an agreement comprising three distinct treaties concluded between the Qing dynasty of China and the United Kingdom, French Empire, and Russian Empire in 1860.
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Crime and Punishment
Crime and Punishment (Pre-reform Russian: Преступленіе и наказаніе; post-reform prʲɪstʊˈplʲenʲɪje ɪ nəkɐˈzanʲɪje) is a novel by the Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky.
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Dam
A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams.
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Demyanka River
The Demyanka River (Демьянка) is a river in Russia.
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Drainage basin
A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water.
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Dungan Revolt (1862–77)
The Dungan Revolt (1862–77) or Tongzhi Hui Revolt (Xiao'erjing: توْجِ حُوِ بِيًا/لُوًا, Тунҗы Хуэй Бян/Луан) or Hui (Muslim) Minorities War was a mainly ethnic and religious war fought in 19th-century western China, mostly during the reign of the Tongzhi Emperor (r. 1861–75) of the Qing dynasty.
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Dzungar Khanate
The Dzungar Khanate, also written as the Zunghar Khanate, was an Oirat khanate on the Eurasian Steppe.
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Dzungaria
Dzungaria (also spelled Zungaria, Dzungharia or Zungharia, Dzhungaria or Zhungaria, or Djungaria or Jungaria) is a geographical region in northwest China corresponding to the northern half of Xinjiang, also known as Beijiang.
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Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (also endoreic basin or endorreic basin) (from the ἔνδον, éndon, "within" and ῥεῖν, rheîn, "to flow") is a limited drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water, such as rivers or oceans, but converges instead into lakes or swamps, permanent or seasonal, that equilibrate through evaporation.
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FC Irtysh Omsk
FC Irtysh Omsk (Иртыш Омск) is a Russian football club based in Omsk, Russia and playing in the third-tier Russian Professional Football League.
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FC Irtysh Pavlodar
FC Irtysh Pavlodar (Ертіс Футбол Клубы, Ertis Fuwtbol Kluwbı) is a Kazakh football club based at the Central Stadium in Pavlodar.
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Fuyun County
Fuyun (Koktokay) County (Uyghur language: كوكتوقاي ناھىيىسى, Коктоқай Наһийиси, Koktoqay Nahiyisi) is a county situated in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Altay Prefecture.
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Fyodor Dostoevsky
Fyodor Mikhailovich DostoevskyHis name has been variously transcribed into English, his first name sometimes being rendered as Theodore or Fedor.
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Geography of China
China has great physical diversity.
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Geography of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia and Eastern Europe at.
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Geography of Russia
The geography of Russia describes the geographic features of Russia, a country extending over much of northern Eurasia.
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Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (GSE; Большая советская энциклопедия, БСЭ, Bolshaya sovetskaya entsiklopediya) is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published by the Soviet state from 1926 to 1990, and again since 2002 by Russia (under the name Bolshaya Rossiyskaya entsiklopediya or Great Russian Encyclopedia).
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Haba River Shankou Dam
The Haba River Shankou Dam (Haba River Shankou Hydroelectric Station) is a concrete-face rock-fill dam on the Haba River, a tributary of the Irtysh River.
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Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower.
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Inland port
An inland port is a port on an inland waterway, such as a river, lake, or canal, which may or may not be connected to the ocean.
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Interbasin transfer
Interbasin transfer or transbasin diversion are (often hyphenated) terms used to describe man-made conveyance schemes which move water from one river basin where it is available, to another basin where water is less available or could be utilized better for human development.
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Irtysh–Karaganda Canal
The Irtysh–Karaganda Canal (Ертіс-Қарағанды каналы, Канал Иртыш — Караганда) is an irrigation canal in Kazakhstan.
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Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal
The Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal, also known as the Project 635 Canal, is a system of water-transfer canals and reservoirs in the northern part of China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region.
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Ishim River
Ishim River (Иши́м/Išim; Есіл/Esil) is a river running through Kazakhstan and Russia.
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Ivan Neplyuyev
Ivan Ivanovich Neplyuyev (Ива́н Ива́нович Неплю́ев; 15 November 1693 – 22 November 1773) was a Russian diplomat and administrator prominent in the service of Peter the Great and Catherine the Great.
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Jilebulake Dam
The Jilebulake Dam is a concrete-face rock-fill dam on the Haba River, a tributary of the Irtysh River, in Habahe County of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China.
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Karaganda
Karaganda or Qaraghandy (Qaraǵandy Қарағанды) is the capital of Karaganda Region in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan,; kəzɐxˈstan), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of.
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Khan (title)
Khan خان/khan; is a title for a sovereign or a military ruler, used by Mongolians living to the north of China. Khan has equivalent meanings such as "commander", "leader", or "ruler", "king" and "chief". khans exist in South Asia, Middle East, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, East Africa and Turkey. The female alternatives are Khatun and Khanum. These titles or names are sometimes written as Khan/خان in Persian, Han, Kan, Hakan, Hanum, or Hatun (in Turkey) and as "xan", "xanım" (in Azerbaijan), and medieval Turkic tribes.
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Khanate of Sibir
The Khanate of Sibir, also historically called the Khanate of Turan, was a Tatar Khanate located in southwestern Siberia with a Turco-Mongol ruling class.
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Khanty-Mansiysk
Khanty-Mansiysk (Ха́нты-Манси́йск, lit. Khanty-Mansi Town; Khanty: Ёмвош, Yomvosh; Mansi: Абга, Abga) is a town and the administrative center of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia.
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Kuytun–Beitun railway
The Kuytun–Beitun railway or Kuibei railway is a single-track railway in Xinjiang, China between Kuytun and Beitun.
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Lake Zaysan
Lake Zaysan (Zaısan kóli, زايسان كؤلئ,;, Zaisan nuur, en: Noble lake;, Ozero Zajsan;, Xiao'erjing: جَىْصْا پْ; Җэсонпә) is a freshwater lake, ca.
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Lock (water navigation)
A lock is a device used for raising and lowering boats, ships and other watercraft between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal waterways.
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Mongolia
Mongolia (Monggol Ulus in Mongolian; in Mongolian Cyrillic) is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia.
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Mongols
The Mongols (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ, Mongolchuud) are an East-Central Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
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Northern river reversal
The Northern river reversal or Siberian river reversal was an ambitious project to divert the flow of the Northern rivers in the Soviet Union, which "uselessly" drain into the Arctic Ocean, southwards towards the populated agricultural areas of Central Asia, which lack water.
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Ob River
The Ob River (p), also Obi, is a major river in western Siberia, Russia, and is the world's seventh-longest river.
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Oirats
Oirats (Oirad or Ойрд, Oird; Өөрд; in the past, also Eleuths) are the westernmost group of the Mongols whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia.
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Omsk
Omsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Omsk Oblast, Russia, located in southwestern Siberia from Moscow.
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Orenburg
Orenburg (p) is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia.
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Oskemen
Ust-Kamenogorsk (Усть-Каменого́рск) or Oskemen (Өскемен/Öskemen) is the administrative center of East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan.
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Pavlodar
Pavlodar (Kazakh and Russian: Павлодар) is a city in northeastern Kazakhstan and the capital of Pavlodar Region.
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Peter the Great
Peter the Great (ˈpʲɵtr vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj), Peter I (ˈpʲɵtr ˈpʲɛrvɨj) or Peter Alexeyevich (p; –)Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are in the Julian calendar with the start of year adjusted to 1 January.
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Petropavl
Petropavl (Petropavl) or Petropavlovsk (r), is a city on the Ishim River in northern Kazakhstan close to the border with Russia, about 261 km west of Omsk along the Trans-Siberian Railway.
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Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin Romanization, often abbreviated to pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Chinese in mainland China and to some extent in Taiwan.
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Project 635 Dam
The Project 635 Dam is one of the three dams constructed on the Irtysh River in China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region.
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Qashliq
Qashliq, Isker or Sibir (Siberian Tatar language: Sibir, Qaşliq or Esker) was a medieval (14th–16th century) Siberian Tatar fortress, in the 16th century the capital of the Khanate of Sibir, located on the right bank of the Irtysh River at its confluence with the Sibirka rivulet, some 17 km from the modern city of Tobolsk.
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Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.
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River
A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Semey
Semey (Semeı, Семей), until 2007 known as Semipalatinsk (Semıpalatinsk, Семипалатинск) and in 1917–1920 as Alash-kala (Алаш-қала, Alash-qala), is a city in Kazakhstan, in East Kazakhstan Region, and in the Kazakhstani part of Siberia, near the border with Russia, around north of Almaty, and southeast of the Russian city of Omsk, along the Irtysh River.
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Serebryansk
Serebryansk (Russian and Серебрянск) is a town in Zyryan District in East Kazakhstan Region of eastern Kazakhstan.
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Shulbinsk Hydroelectric Power Plant
The Shulbinsk Hydro Power Plant (Шульбинская ГЭС) is a hydro power plant on the middle reach of the Irtysh River, 70 km up the stream from Semipalatinsk in East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan.
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Siberian Cossacks
Siberian Cossacks were Cossacks who settled in the Siberian region of Russia from the end of the 16th century, following Yermak Timofeyevich's conquest of Siberia.
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Siberian Tatar language
Siberian Tatar is a Turkic language spoken in Western Siberia region of Russia.
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Steppe
In physical geography, a steppe (p) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.
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Su Dingfang
Su Dingfang (591–667), formal name Su Lie (蘇烈) but went by the courtesy name of Dingfang, formally Duke Zhuang of Xing (邢莊公), was a general of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty who succeeded in destroying the Western Turkic Khaganate in 657.
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Surgut
Surgut (p) is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the Ob River near its junction with the Irtysh River.
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Tacheng
Tacheng (Qoqek/Sawesek) or Chöchek is a county-level city (1994 est. pop. 56,400) and the administrative seat of Tacheng Prefecture, in northern Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, one of the autonomous regions of China.
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Taiga
Taiga (p; from Turkic), also known as boreal forest or snow forest, is a biome characterized by coniferous forests consisting mostly of pines, spruces and larches.
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Tang campaigns against the Western Turks
The Tang campaigns against the Western Turks, known as the Western Tujue in Chinese sources, were a series of military campaigns conducted during the Tang dynasty against the Western Turkic Khaganate in the 7th century AD.
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Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.
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Tara, Omsk Oblast
Tara (Та́ра) is a town in Omsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tara and Irtysh Rivers at a point where the forested country merges into the steppe, about north of Omsk, the administrative center of the oblast.
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The Secret History of the Mongols
The Secret History of the Mongols (Traditional Mongolian: Mongγol-un niγuča tobčiyan, Khalkha Mongolian: Монголын нууц товчоо, Mongolyn nuuts tovchoo) is the oldest surviving literary work in the Mongolian language.
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Tobol River
Tobol (Тобол, Тобыл Tobyl) is a river and the main tributary of the Irtysh.
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Tobolsk
Tobolsk (Тобо́льск) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tobol and Irtysh Rivers.
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Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway (TSR, p) is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East.
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Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1881)
The Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1881), also known as Treaty of Ili, was the treaty between the Russian Empire and the Qing dynasty, signed in Saint Petersburg, Russia, on.
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Turkestan–Siberia Railway
The Turkestan–Siberian Railway (commonly abbreviated as the Turk–Sib, Түрксіб, Tu’rksib, تٷركسٸب, tʰʉɾkˈsɘb; Турксиб, Turksib) is a broad gauge railway that connects Central Asia with Siberia.
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Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethno-linguistic groups of Central, Eastern, Northern and Western Asia as well as parts of Europe and North Africa.
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Tyumen
Tyumen (a) is the largest city and the administrative center of Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located on the Tura River east of Moscow.
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Ulungur Lake
Ulungur Lake is located in Fuhai County, Xinjiang, China.
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Ulungur River
The Ulungur River or Urungu (translit, p), in its upper reaches in Mongolia known as the Bulgan River (Булган гол), is a river of China and Mongolia.
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Ust-Kamenogorsk Hydroelectric Power Plant
The Ust-Kamenogorsk Hydroelectric Power Plant (also known as Oskemen Hydroelectric Power Plant; Өскемен ГЭС; Усть-Каменогорская ГЭС) is a hydroelectric power plant on the Irtysh River near Ust-Kamenogorsk in East Kazakhstan Province of Kazakhstan.
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Uyghur language
The Uyghur or Uighur language (Уйғур тили, Uyghur tili, Uyƣur tili or, Уйғурчә, Uyghurche, Uyƣurqə), formerly known as Eastern Turki, is a Turkic language with 10 to 25 million speakers, spoken primarily by the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of Western China.
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Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan, officially also the Republic of Uzbekistan (Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi), is a doubly landlocked Central Asian Sovereign state.
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West Siberian Plain
The West Siberian Plain, also known as Zapadno-sibirskaya Ravnina, (За́падно-Сиби́рская равни́на) is a large plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia, between the Ural Mountains in the west and the Yenisei River in the east, and by the Altay Mountains on the southeast.
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Western Turkic Khaganate
The Western Turkic Khaganate or Onoq Khaganate was a Turkic khaganate formed as a result of the wars in the beginning of the 7th century (AD 593–603) after the split of the Göktürk Khaganate (founded in the 6th century in Mongolia by the Ashina clan) into the Western khaganate and the Eastern Turkic Khaganate. At its height, the Western Turkic Khaganate included what is now Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and parts of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Russia. The ruling elite or perhaps the whole confederation was called Onoq or "ten arrows", possibly from oğuz (literally "arrow"), a subdivision of the Turkic tribes. A connection to the earlier Onogurs, which also means 'ten tribes', is questionable. The khaganate's capitals were Navekat (the summer capital) and Suyab (the principal capital), both situated in the Chui River valley of Kyrgyzstan, to the east from Bishkek. Tong Yabgu's summer capital was near Tashkent and his winter capital Suyab. Turkic rule in Mongolia was restored as Second Turkic Khaganate in 682.
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Xiao'erjing
Xiao'erjing or Xiao'erjin or Xiaor jin or in its shortened form, Xiaojing, literally meaning "children's script" or "minor script" (cf. "original script" referring to the original Perso-Arabic script,, Xiao'erjing: بٌکٍْ; Бынҗин, Вьnⱬin), is the practice of writing Sinitic languages such as Mandarin (especially the Lanyin, Zhongyuan and Northeastern dialects) or the Dungan language in the Perso-Arabic script.
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Xinjiang
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى; SASM/GNC: Xinjang Uyĝur Aptonom Rayoni; p) is a provincial-level autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country.
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Zuo Zongtang
Zuo Zongtang, Marquis Kejing (also romanised as Tso Tsung-t'ang;; 10 November 1812 – 5 September 1885), sometimes referred to as General Tso, was a Chinese statesman and military leader of the late Qing dynasty.
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Zyryanovsk
Zyryanovsk (Зырян, Zıryan, زىريان,; Зыряновск) is a town of regional significance in East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan, the administrative center of Zyryan District.
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Redirects here:
Black Irtysh, Erchis, Erchis River, Irtish, Irtish river, Irtysh, Irtysh river, Irtysj, Kara Irtysh, River Irtysh, The Irtysh, The Irtysh River, Yertis, É'ěrqísī hé, İrteş, Иртыш.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irtysh_River
