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Cancer screening

Index Cancer screening

Cancer screening aims to detect cancer before symptoms appear. [1]

72 relations: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, American Academy of Family Physicians, American Cancer Society, American Dental Association, American Family Physician, Annals of Family Medicine, Asymptomatic, Biopsy, Bladder cancer, Blood test, Breast cancer, Breast cancer screening, CA (journal), Cancer, Cancer prevention, Cancer Research UK, Cervical cancer, Choosing Wisely, Chronic kidney disease, Clinical urine tests, Colonic polypectomy, Colonoscopy, Colorectal cancer, Colorectal polyp, Cost-effectiveness analysis, CT scan, Disability-adjusted life year, EMedicine, Endoscopic ultrasound, Erectile dysfunction, European Society for Medical Oncology, False positives and false negatives, Fecal occult blood, Frailty syndrome, Incidental imaging finding, Indication (medicine), Ionizing radiation, JAMA Internal Medicine, Kaiser Permanente, Lead time bias, Length time bias, Life expectancy, Lung cancer, M2-PK Test, Magnetic resonance imaging, Mammography, Medical imaging, National Cancer Institute, Opportunity cost, Oral cancer, ..., Ovarian cancer, Overdiagnosis, Pancreatic cancer, Pap test, Positive and negative predictive values, Prostate biopsy, Prostate cancer, Prostate-specific antigen, Radiography, Screening (medicine), Sensitivity and specificity, Sigmoidoscopy, Skin cancer, Stomach cancer, Testicular cancer, Type I and type II errors, United States Preventive Services Task Force, Unnecessary health care, Urinary incontinence, World Health Organization, World Journal of Gastroenterology, Years of potential life lost. Expand index (22 more) »

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), located in Rockville, MD, a suburb of Washington, D.C., is one of 12 Agencies within the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

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American Academy of Family Physicians

The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) was founded in 1947 to promote the science and art of family medicine.

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American Cancer Society

The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer.

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American Dental Association

The American Dental Association (ADA) is an American professional association established in 1859 which has more than 155,000 members.

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American Family Physician

American Family Physician is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Academy of Family Physicians.

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Annals of Family Medicine

Annals of Family Medicine is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal that was established in May/June 2003.

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Asymptomatic

In medicine, a disease is considered asymptomatic if a patient is a carrier for a disease or infection but experiences no symptoms.

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Biopsy

A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist involving extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease.

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Bladder cancer

Bladder cancer is any of several types of cancer arising from the tissues of the urinary bladder.

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Blood test

A blood test is a laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample that is usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a hypodermic needle, or via fingerprick.

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.

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Breast cancer screening

Breast cancer screening is the medical screening of asymptomatic, apparently healthy women for breast cancer in an attempt to achieve an earlier diagnosis.

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CA (journal)

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal published for the American Cancer Society by Wiley-Blackwell.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Cancer prevention

Cancer prevention is the practice of taking active measures to decrease the incidence of cancer and mortality.

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Cancer Research UK

Cancer Research UK is a cancer research and awareness charity in the United Kingdom and Isle of Man, formed on 4 February 2002 by the merger of The Cancer Research Campaign and the Imperial Cancer Research Fund.

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Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix.

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Choosing Wisely

Choosing Wisely is a United States-based health educational campaign, led by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM).

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Chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of kidney disease in which there is gradual loss of kidney function over a period of months or years.

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Clinical urine tests

Clinical urine tests are various tests of urine for diagnostic purposes.

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Colonic polypectomy

Colonic polypectomy is the removal of colorectal polyps in order to prevent them from turning cancerous.

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Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy or coloscopy is the endoscopic examination of the large bowel and the distal part of the small bowel with a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus.

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Colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer and colon cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine).

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Colorectal polyp

A colorectal polyp is a polyp (fleshy growth) occurring on the lining of the colon or rectum.

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Cost-effectiveness analysis

Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is a form of economic analysis that compares the relative costs and outcomes (effects) of different courses of action.

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CT scan

A CT scan, also known as computed tomography scan, makes use of computer-processed combinations of many X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of specific areas of a scanned object, allowing the user to see inside the object without cutting.

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Disability-adjusted life year

The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a measure of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability or early death.

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EMedicine

eMedicine.com, Incorporated is an online clinical medical knowledge base founded in 1996 by two medical doctors, Scott Plantz and Jonathan Adler, and by Jeffrey Berezin, a computer engineer.

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Endoscopic ultrasound

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) or echo-endoscopy is a medical procedure in which endoscopy (insertion of a probe into a hollow organ) is combined with ultrasound to obtain images of the internal organs in the chest, abdomen and colon.

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Erectile dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction (ED), also known as impotence, is a type of sexual dysfunction characterized by the inability to develop or maintain an erection of the penis during sexual activity.

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European Society for Medical Oncology

The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) is the leading professional organisation for medical oncology.

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False positives and false negatives

In medical testing, and more generally in binary classification, a false positive is an error in data reporting in which a test result improperly indicates presence of a condition, such as a disease (the result is positive), when in reality it is not present, while a false negative is an error in which a test result improperly indicates no presence of a condition (the result is negative), when in reality it is present.

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Fecal occult blood

Fecal occult blood (FOB) refers to blood in the feces that is not visibly apparent (unlike other types of blood in stool such as melena or hematochezia).

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Frailty syndrome

Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome that embodies an elevated risk of catastrophic declines in health and function among older adults.

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Incidental imaging finding

In medical imaging, an incidental finding (commonly known as an "incidentaloma") is an unanticipated finding which is not related to the original diagnostic inquiry.

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Indication (medicine)

In medicine, an indication is a valid reason to use a certain test, medication, procedure, or surgery.

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Ionizing radiation

Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

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JAMA Internal Medicine

JAMA Internal Medicine is a peer-reviewed medical journal published monthly by the American Medical Association.

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Kaiser Permanente

Kaiser Permanente (KP) is an American integrated managed care consortium, based in Oakland, California, United States, founded in 1945 by industrialist Henry J. Kaiser and physician Sidney Garfield.

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Lead time bias

Lead time is the length of time between the detection of a disease (usually based on new, experimental criteria) and its usual clinical presentation and diagnosis (based on traditional criteria).

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Length time bias

Length time bias is a form of selection bias, a statistical distortion of results that can lead to incorrect conclusions about the data.

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Life expectancy

Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, its current age and other demographic factors including gender.

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Lung cancer

Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung.

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M2-PK Test

The M2-PK Test is a non-invasive screening method for the early detection of colorectal cancers and polyps which are known to be the precursors of colorectal cancer.

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Magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease.

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Mammography

Mammography (also called mastography) is the process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around 30 kVp) to examine the human breast for diagnosis and screening.

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Medical imaging

Medical imaging is the technique and process of creating visual representations of the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology).

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National Cancer Institute

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of eleven agencies that are part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

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Opportunity cost

In microeconomic theory, the opportunity cost, also known as alternative cost, is the value (not a benefit) of the choice in terms of the best alternative while making a decision.

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Oral cancer

Oral cancer, also known as mouth cancer, is a type of head and neck cancer and is any cancerous tissue growth located in the oral cavity.

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Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is a cancer that forms in or on an ovary.

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Overdiagnosis

Overdiagnosis is the diagnosis of "disease" that will never cause symptoms or death during a patient's ordinarily expected lifetime.

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Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass.

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Pap test

The Papanicolaou test (abbreviated as Pap test, also known as Pap smear, cervical smear, or smear test) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb).

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Positive and negative predictive values

The positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV respectively) are the proportions of positive and negative results in statistics and diagnostic tests that are true positive and true negative results, respectively.

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Prostate biopsy

Prostate biopsy is a procedure in which small hollow needle-core samples are removed from a man's prostate gland to be examined for the presence of prostate cancer.

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Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the development of cancer in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system.

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Prostate-specific antigen

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), is a glycoprotein enzyme encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene. PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland. PSA is produced for the ejaculate, where it liquefies semen in the seminal coagulum and allows sperm to swim freely. It is also believed to be instrumental in dissolving cervical mucus, allowing the entry of sperm into the uterus. PSA is present in small quantities in the serum of men with healthy prostates, but is often elevated in the presence of prostate cancer or other prostate disorders. PSA is not a unique indicator of prostate cancer, but may also detect prostatitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia.

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Radiography

Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays to view the internal form of an object.

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Screening (medicine)

Screening, in medicine, is a strategy used in a population to identify the possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms.

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Sensitivity and specificity

Sensitivity and specificity are statistical measures of the performance of a binary classification test, also known in statistics as a classification function.

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Sigmoidoscopy

Sigmoidoscopy (from the Greek term for letter "s/ς" + "eidos" + "scopy": namely, to look inside an "s"/"ς"-like object) is the minimally invasive medical examination of the large intestine from the rectum through the nearest part of the colon, the sigmoid colon.

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Skin cancer

Skin cancers are cancers that arise from the skin.

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Stomach cancer

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is cancer developing from the lining of the stomach.

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Testicular cancer

Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system.

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Type I and type II errors

In statistical hypothesis testing, a type I error is the rejection of a true null hypothesis (also known as a "false positive" finding), while a type II error is failing to reject a false null hypothesis (also known as a "false negative" finding).

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United States Preventive Services Task Force

The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is "an independent panel of experts in primary care and prevention that systematically reviews the evidence of effectiveness and develops recommendations for clinical preventive services".

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Unnecessary health care

Unnecessary health care (overutilization, overuse, or overtreatment) is healthcare provided with a higher volume or cost than is appropriate.

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Urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence (UI), also known as involuntary urination, is any uncontrolled leakage of urine.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

World Journal of Gastroenterology is a weekly peer-reviewed open access medical journal that covers research in gastroenterology.

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Years of potential life lost

Years of potential life lost (YPLL) or potential years of life lost (PYLL), is an estimate of the average years a person would have lived if he or she had not died prematurely.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_screening

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