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46 relations: Adaptive optics, Airy disk, Angular resolution, Aperture, Astronomical seeing, Astronomy, Atmosphere of Earth, Beam parameter product, Cambridge University Press, Camera, Convolution, Diffraction, Earth, Ernst Abbe, Evanescent field, F-number, Fluorescence, Gaussian beam, Hubble Space Telescope, Interferometric microscopy, Laser, Leica Camera, Lens (optics), M squared, Matter wave, Metamaterial, Microscope, Microscopy, Near and far field, Nonlinear optics, Numerical aperture, Objective (optics), Optical aberration, Optics Express, Point spread function, Radio telescope, Scanning electron microscope, STED microscopy, Structured light, Superlens, Telescope, Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope, Transmission electron microscopy, Turbulence, Wavelength, 4Pi microscope.
Adaptive optics
Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effect of incoming wavefront distortions by deforming a mirror in order to compensate for the distortion.
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Airy disk
In optics, the Airy disk (or Airy disc) and Airy pattern are descriptions of the best focused spot of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make, limited by the diffraction of light.
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Angular resolution
Angular resolution or spatial resolution describes the ability of any image-forming device such as an optical or radio telescope, a microscope, a camera, or an eye, to distinguish small details of an object, thereby making it a major determinant of image resolution.
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Aperture
In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels.
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Astronomical seeing
Astronomical seeing is the blurring and twinkling of astronomical objects like stars due to turbulent mixing in the Earth's atmosphere, causing variations of the optical refractive index.
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Astronomy
Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.
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Atmosphere of Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity.
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Beam parameter product
In laser science, the beam parameter product (BPP) is the product of a laser beam's divergence angle (half-angle) and the radius of the beam at its narrowest point (the beam waist).
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Camera
A camera is an optical instrument for recording or capturing images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both.
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Convolution
In mathematics (and, in particular, functional analysis) convolution is a mathematical operation on two functions (f and g) to produce a third function, that is typically viewed as a modified version of one of the original functions, giving the integral of the pointwise multiplication of the two functions as a function of the amount that one of the original functions is translated.
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Diffraction
--> Diffraction refers to various phenomena that occur when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit.
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Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
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Ernst Abbe
Ernst Karl Abbe HonFRMS (23 January 1840 – 14 January 1905) was a German physicist, optical scientist, entrepreneur, and social reformer.
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Evanescent field
In electromagnetics, an evanescent field, or evanescent wave, is an oscillating electric and/or magnetic field that does not propagate as an electromagnetic wave but whose energy is spatially concentrated in the vicinity of the source (oscillating charges and currents).
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F-number
The f-number of an optical system (such as a camera lens) is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil.
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Fluorescence
Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.
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Gaussian beam
In optics, a Gaussian beam is a beam of monochromatic electromagnetic radiation whose transverse magnetic and electric field amplitude profiles are given by the Gaussian function; this also implies a Gaussian intensity (irradiance) profile.
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Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.
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Interferometric microscopy
Interferometric microscopy or Imaging interferometric microscopy is the concept of microscopy which is related to holography, synthetic-aperture imaging, and off-axis-dark-field illumination techniques.
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Laser
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.
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Leica Camera
Leica Camera AG is a German company that manufactures cameras, lenses, binoculars, rifle scopes and ophthalmic lenses.
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Lens (optics)
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction.
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M squared
In laser science, the parameter M2, also known as the beam quality factor, represents the degree of variation of a beam from an ideal Gaussian beam.
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Matter wave
Matter waves are a central part of the theory of quantum mechanics, being an example of wave–particle duality.
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Metamaterial
A metamaterial (from the Greek word μετά meta, meaning "beyond") is a material engineered to have a property that is not found in nature.
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Microscope
A microscope (from the μικρός, mikrós, "small" and σκοπεῖν, skopeîn, "to look" or "see") is an instrument used to see objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
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Microscopy
Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye).
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Near and far field
The near field and far field are regions of the electromagnetic field (EM) around an object, such as a transmitting antenna, or the result of radiation scattering off an object.
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Nonlinear optics
Nonlinear optics (NLO) is the branch of optics that describes the behavior of light in nonlinear media, that is, media in which the dielectric polarization P responds nonlinearly to the electric field E of the light.
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Numerical aperture
In optics, the numerical aperture (NA) of an optical system is a dimensionless number that characterizes the range of angles over which the system can accept or emit light.
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Objective (optics)
In optical engineering, the objective is the optical element that gathers light from the object being observed and focuses the light rays to produce a real image.
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Optical aberration
Aberration in optics refers to a defect in a lens such that light is not focused to a point, but is spread out over some region of space, and hence an image formed by a lens with aberration is blurred or distorted, with the nature of the distortion depending on the type of aberration.
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Optics Express
Optics Express is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by the Optical Society.
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Point spread function
The point spread function (PSF) describes the response of an imaging system to a point source or point object.
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Radio telescope
A radio telescope is a specialized antenna and radio receiver used to receive radio waves from astronomical radio sources in the sky in radio astronomy.
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Scanning electron microscope
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a type of electron microscope that produces images of a sample by scanning the surface with a focused beam of electrons.
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STED microscopy
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy is one of the techniques that make up super-resolution microscopy.
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Structured light
A structured light pattern designed for surface inspection An Automatix Seamtracker arc welding robot equipped with a camera and structured laser light source, enabling the robot to follow a welding seam automatically Structured light is the process of projecting a known pattern (often grids or horizontal bars) on to a scene.
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Superlens
A superlens, or super lens, is a lens which uses metamaterials to go beyond the diffraction limit.
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Telescope
A telescope is an optical instrument that aids in the observation of remote objects by collecting electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light).
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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope
A total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) is a type of microscope with which a thin region of a specimen, usually less than 200 nanometers can be observed.
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Transmission electron microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM, also sometimes conventional transmission electron microscopy or CTEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image.
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Turbulence
In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is any pattern of fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity.
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Wavelength
In physics, the wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.
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4Pi microscope
A 4Pi microscope is a laser scanning fluorescence microscope with an improved axial resolution.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction-limited_system
