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66 relations: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Anemia, Antiviral drug, Atom, Base excision repair, Biliary tract, Bladder cancer, Bone marrow suppression, Breast cancer, Cancer, Capillary leak syndrome, Carboplatin, Carcinoma, Chemistry: A European Journal, Chemotherapy, Cholangiocarcinoma, Cisplatin, Concentrative nucleoside transporter 1, Cytidine, Cytidine deaminase, Deoxycytidine, Deoxycytidine deaminase, Deoxycytidine kinase, Developing country, DNA, Elevated transaminases, Eli Lilly, Enzyme, Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1, Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2, Fluorine, Hair loss, Health system, HIV/AIDS, Hydrogen, Hydrophile, IMM-101, Intravenous therapy, Kaposi's sarcoma, Leukopenia, National Health Service, Non-small-cell lung carcinoma, NT5C, Nucleoside, Nucleoside analogue, Ovarian cancer, Paclitaxel, Pancreatic cancer, Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics, ..., Phosphate, Phosphorylation, Pneumonia, Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, Pregnancy, Prodrug, Pulmonary edema, Pyrimidine, Rate-determining step, Ribonucleotide reductase, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B, Self-replication, Thrombocytopenia, WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Expand index (16 more) »
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a medical condition occurring in critically ill or critically wounded patients characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs.
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Anemia
Anemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.
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Antiviral drug
Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used specifically for treating viral infections rather than bacterial ones.
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Atom
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.
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Base excision repair
In biochemistry and genetics, base excision repair (BER) is a cellular mechanism that repairs damaged DNA throughout the cell cycle.
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Biliary tract
The biliary tract, (biliary tree or biliary system) refers to the liver, gall bladder and bile ducts, and how they work together to make, store and secrete bile.
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Bladder cancer
Bladder cancer is any of several types of cancer arising from the tissues of the urinary bladder.
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Bone marrow suppression
Bone marrow suppression also known as myelotoxicity or myelosuppression, is the decrease in production of cells responsible for providing immunity (leukocytes), carrying oxygen (erythrocytes), and/or those responsible for normal blood clotting (thrombocytes).
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Breast cancer
Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.
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Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
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Capillary leak syndrome
Capillary leak syndrome is characterized by the escape of blood plasma through capillary walls, from the blood circulatory system to surrounding tissues, muscle compartments, organs or body cavities.
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Carboplatin
Carboplatin, sold under the trade name Paraplatin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of forms of cancer.
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Carcinoma
Carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops from epithelial cells.
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Chemistry: A European Journal
Chemistry: A European Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes articles on all areas of chemistry and related fields.
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.
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Cholangiocarcinoma
Cholangiocarcinoma, also known as bile duct cancer or "sneaky Pete", is a form of cancer that is composed of mutated epithelial cells (or cells showing characteristics of epithelial differentiation) that originate in the bile ducts which drain bile from the liver into the small intestine.
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Cisplatin
Cisplatin is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers.
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Concentrative nucleoside transporter 1
Concentrative nucleoside transporter 1 (CNT1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC28A1 gene.
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Cytidine
Cytidine is a nucleoside molecule that is formed when cytosine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond.
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Cytidine deaminase
Cytidine deaminase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDA gene.
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Deoxycytidine
Deoxycytidine is a deoxyribonucleoside, a component of deoxyribonucleic acid.
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Deoxycytidine deaminase
In enzymology, a deoxycytidine deaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are deoxycytidine and H2O, whereas its two products are deoxyuridine and NH3.
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Deoxycytidine kinase
Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) is an enzyme which is encoded by the DCK gene in humans.
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Developing country
A developing country (or a low and middle income country (LMIC), less developed country, less economically developed country (LEDC), underdeveloped country) is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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Elevated transaminases
In medicine, the presence of elevated transaminases, commonly the transaminases alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), may be an indicator of liver damage.
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Eli Lilly
Eli Lilly (July 8, 1838 – June 6, 1898) was an American soldier, pharmacist, chemist, and businessman who founded the Eli Lilly and Company pharmaceutical corporation.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC29A1 gene.
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Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 (ENT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC29A2 gene.
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Fluorine
Fluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9.
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Hair loss
Hair loss, also known as alopecia or baldness, refers to a loss of hair from part of the head or body.
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Health system
A health system, also sometimes referred to as health care system or as healthcare system, is the organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target populations.
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HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Hydrophile
A hydrophile is a molecule or other molecular entity that is attracted to water molecules and tends to be dissolved by water.
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IMM-101
IMM-101 is a drug that is being studied to see if it is useful in chemotherapy.
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Intravenous therapy
Intravenous therapy (IV) is a therapy that delivers liquid substances directly into a vein (intra- + ven- + -ous).
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Kaposi's sarcoma
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a type of cancer that can form masses in the skin, lymph nodes, or other organs.
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Leukopenia
Leukopenia is a decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukocytes) found in the blood, which places individuals at increased risk of infection.
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National Health Service
The National Health Service (NHS) is the name used for each of the public health services in the United Kingdom – the National Health Service in England, NHS Scotland, NHS Wales, and Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland – as well as a term to describe them collectively.
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Non-small-cell lung carcinoma
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is any type of epithelial lung cancer other than small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).
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NT5C
5', 3'-nucleotidase, cytosolic, also known as 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic type (cdN) or deoxy-5'-nucleotidase 1 (dNT-1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NT5C gene on chromosome 17.
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Nucleoside
Nucleosides are glycosylamines that can be thought of as nucleotides without a phosphate group.
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Nucleoside analogue
Nucleoside analogues are nucleosides which contain a nucleic acid analogue and a sugar.
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Ovarian cancer
Ovarian cancer is a cancer that forms in or on an ovary.
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Paclitaxel
Paclitaxel (PTX), sold under the brand name Taxol among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer.
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Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass.
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Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacogenetics is the study of inherited genetic differences in drug metabolic pathways which can affect individual responses to drugs, both in terms of therapeutic effect as well as adverse effects.
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Pharmacogenomics
Pharmacogenomics is the study of the role of the genome in drug response.
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Phosphate
A phosphate is chemical derivative of phosphoric acid.
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Phosphorylation
In chemistry, phosphorylation of a molecule is the attachment of a phosphoryl group.
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Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli.
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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), also known as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), is a syndrome characterized by headache, confusion, seizures and visual loss.
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Pregnancy
Pregnancy, also known as gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman.
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Prodrug
A prodrug is a medication or compound that, after administration, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug.
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Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs.
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Pyrimidine
Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine.
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Rate-determining step
In chemical kinetics, the overall rate of a reaction is often approximately determined by the slowest step, known as the rate-determining step (RDS) or rate-limiting step.
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Ribonucleotide reductase
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), also known as ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase (rNDP), is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of deoxyribonucleotides from ribonucleotides.
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RRM1
Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RRM1 gene.
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RRM2
Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2, also known as ribonucleotide reductase small subunit, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RRM2 gene.
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RRM2B
Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2 B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RRM2B gene.
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Self-replication
Self-replication is any behavior of a dynamical system that yields construction of an identical copy of itself.
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Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood.
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WHO Model List of Essential Medicines
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe to meet the most important needs in a health system.
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Redirects here:
ATC code L01BC05, ATCvet code QL01BC05, C9H11F2N3O4, DDFC, DFDC, GemCarbo chemotherapy, Gemcin, Gemcitabine Hydrochloride, Gemcitabine hydrochloride, Gemcitabinum, Gemicitabine, Gemtro, Gemzar.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemcitabine
