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51 relations: Allele, Arabidopsis, BRCA1, BRCA2, Cell division, Cellular respiration, Chromatid, CRISPR, Cystic fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, DNA polymerase, Dominance (genetics), Down syndrome, Drosophila, Egg cell, Electronegativity, Endogeny (biology), Epithelium, Exogeny, Gastrointestinal tract, Genome editing, Germ cell, Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, Heritability, House mouse, Ionizing radiation, Kidney, Liver, MLH1, Mutagen, Mutation, Non-homologous end joining, Oncogene, Oocyte, Pancreas, Phenotype, Reactive oxygen species, Restriction enzyme, Sickle cell disease, Somatic (biology), Sperm, Spermatocyte, Tay–Sachs disease, Thalassemia, Transcription activator-like effector nuclease, Transversion, Tumor suppressor, Ultraviolet, Zinc finger, Zinc finger nuclease, ..., Zygote. Expand index (1 more) »
Allele
An allele is a variant form of a given gene.
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Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis (rockcress) is a genus in the family Brassicaceae.
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BRCA1
BRCA1 and BRCA1 are a human gene and its protein product, respectively.
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BRCA2
BRCA2 and BRCA2 are a human gene and its protein product, respectively.
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Cell division
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
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Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
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Chromatid
A chromatid (Greek khrōmat- 'color' + -id) is one copy of a newly copied chromosome which is still joined to the original chromosome by a single centromere.
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CRISPR
CRISPR is a family of DNA sequences in bacteria and archaea.
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Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine.
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Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a membrane protein and chloride channel in vertebrates that is encoded by the CFTR gene.
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DNA polymerase
DNA polymerases are enzymes that synthesize DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA.
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Dominance (genetics)
Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.
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Down syndrome
Down syndrome (DS or DNS), also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.
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Drosophila
Drosophila is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
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Egg cell
The egg cell, or ovum (plural ova), is the female reproductive cell (gamete) in oogamous organisms.
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Electronegativity
Electronegativity, symbol ''χ'', is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons (or electron density) towards itself.
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Endogeny (biology)
Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within an organism, tissue, or cell.
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Epithelium
Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
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Exogeny
In a variety of contexts, exogeny or exogeneity is the fact of an action or object originating externally.
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Gastrointestinal tract
The gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract, digestional tract, GI tract, GIT, gut, or alimentary canal) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.
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Genome editing
Genome editing, or genome engineering is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, deleted, modified or replaced in the genome of a living organism.
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Germ cell
A germ cell is any biological cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually.
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Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) or Lynch syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic condition that has a high risk of colon cancer as well as other cancers including endometrial cancer (second most common), ovary, stomach, small intestine, hepatobiliary tract, upper urinary tract, brain, and skin.
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Heritability
Heritability is a statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between individuals in that population.
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House mouse
The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a small mammal of the order Rodentia, characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, and a long naked or almost hairless tail.
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Ionizing radiation
Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.
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Kidney
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs present in left and right sides of the body in vertebrates.
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Liver
The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion.
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MLH1
MutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2 (E. coli) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH1 gene located on Chromosome 3.
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Mutagen
In genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA, of an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level.
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Mutation
In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.
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Non-homologous end joining
Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a pathway that repairs double-strand breaks in DNA.
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Oncogene
An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer.
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Oocyte
An oocyte, oöcyte, ovocyte, or rarely ocyte, is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction.
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Pancreas
The pancreas is a glandular organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.
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Phenotype
A phenotype is the composite of an organism's observable characteristics or traits, such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, behavior, and products of behavior (such as a bird's nest).
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Reactive oxygen species
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen.
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Restriction enzyme
A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within the molecule known as restriction sites.
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Sickle cell disease
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of blood disorders typically inherited from a person's parents.
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Somatic (biology)
The term somatic is often used in biology to refer to the cells of the body in contrast to the germ line cells which usually give rise to the gametes (ovum or sperm).
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Sperm
Sperm is the male reproductive cell and is derived from the Greek word (σπέρμα) sperma (meaning "seed").
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Spermatocyte
Spermatocytes are a type of male gametocyte in animals.
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Tay–Sachs disease
Tay–Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that results in the destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
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Thalassemia
Thalassemias are inherited blood disorders characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production.
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Transcription activator-like effector nuclease
Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) are restriction enzymes that can be engineered to cut specific sequences of DNA.
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Transversion
Transversion, in molecular biology, refers to the substitution of a (two ring) purine for a (one ring) pyrimidine or vice versa, in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
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Tumor suppressor
A tumor suppressor gene, or antioncogene, is a gene that protects a cell from one step on the path to cancer.
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Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.
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Zinc finger
A zinc finger is a small protein structural motif that is characterized by the coordination of one or more zinc ions (Zn2+) in order to stabilize the fold.
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Zinc finger nuclease
Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a zinc finger DNA-binding domain to a DNA-cleavage domain.
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Zygote
A zygote (from Greek ζυγωτός zygōtos "joined" or "yoked", from ζυγοῦν zygoun "to join" or "to yoke") is a eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes.
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Redirects here:
Constitutional mutation, Germ line genetic mutation, Germ line mutation, Germinal Mutation, Germinal mutation, Germline genetic mutation, Germline mutations.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germline_mutation
