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134 relations: Abenaki, Algonquian languages, Algonquian peoples, American Revolutionary War, Anthropologist, Anti-miscegenation laws, Archaic period (North America), Auburn, Massachusetts, Black Indians in the United States, Boston, Bow and arrow, Boy Scouts of America, Brookfield, Massachusetts, Buffalo Bill, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Canada (New France), Cape Ann, Chaubunagungamaug Reservation, Chert, Cheryll Toney Holley, Christianity, Colored, Connecticut, Cultural assimilation of Native Americans, Daniel Gookin, Deer Island (Massachusetts), Domestic pig, Dudley, Massachusetts, Dummer's War, Dutch people, Eastern Agricultural Complex, Eliot Indian Bible, English language, English people, Epidemic, Federal Register, France, French and Indian War, Genealogy, George N. Briggs, Gladys Tantaquidgeon, Grafton, Massachusetts, Hassanamisco Nipmuc, Hopkinton, Massachusetts, Increase Mather, Indian reservation, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Influenza, Ipswich, Massachusetts, Iroquois, ..., John Eliot (missionary), John Milton Earle, King George's War, King Philip's War, King William's War, Lake Chaubunagungamaug, Lancaster, Massachusetts, List of federally recognized tribes, Littleton, Massachusetts, Living museum, Loup language, Mahican, Manitou, Marlborough, Massachusetts, Mary Rowlandson, Massachusett, Massachusett language, Massachusetts, Massachusetts Bay Colony, Massachusetts Senate, Measles, Megafauna, Mendon, Massachusetts, Metacomet, Michael Dukakis, Mohawk people, Mohegan, Mohegan Tribe, Mulatto, Narragansett people, Natick, Massachusetts, National Congress of American Indians, Native Americans in the United States, New England, New World, Nipmuc Nation, Old Sturbridge Village, Paleo-Indians, Pan-Indianism, Pennacook, Pequot, Pequot War, Phenotype, Plains Indians, Plymouth Colony, Pocomtuc, Pow wow, Praying town, Providence, Rhode Island, Puritan migration to New England (1620–40), Puritans, Queen Anne's War, Reindeer, Rhode Island, Roger Williams, Sabbath in Christianity, Schaghticoke people, Slash-and-burn, Smallpox, Spear-thrower, State-recognized tribes in the United States, Sterling, Massachusetts, Stockbridge-Munsee Community, Sturbridge, Massachusetts, Sudbury, Massachusetts, Sutton, Massachusetts, Tantiusques, Thomas Dudley, Thompson, Connecticut, Typhus, United States Congress, University of Massachusetts Press, Uxbridge, Massachusetts, Wampanoag, Wampum, Webster, Massachusetts, West Indies, White people, Whiting Griswold, Wisconsin, Wisconsin glaciation, Woodland period, Woodstock, Connecticut, Zara Cisco Brough. Expand index (84 more) »
Abenaki
The Abenaki (Abnaki, Abinaki, Alnôbak) are a Native American tribe and First Nation.
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Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages (or; also Algonkian) are a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family.
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Algonquian peoples
The Algonquian are one of the most populous and widespread North American native language groups.
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American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.
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Anthropologist
An anthropologist is a person engaged in the practice of anthropology.
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Anti-miscegenation laws
Anti-miscegenation laws or miscegenation laws are laws that enforce racial segregation at the level of marriage and intimate relationships by criminalizing interracial marriage and sometimes also sex between members of different races.
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Archaic period (North America)
In the classification of the archaeological cultures of North America, the Archaic period or "Meso-Indian period" in North America, accepted to be from around 8000 to 1000 BC in the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the archaic stage of cultural development.
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Auburn, Massachusetts
Auburn is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Black Indians in the United States
Black Indians are people of mixed African-American and Native American heritage, who have strong ties to Native American culture.
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Boston
Boston is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.
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Bow and arrow
The bow and arrow is a ranged weapon system consisting of an elastic launching device (bow) and long-shafted projectiles (arrows).
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Boy Scouts of America
The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) is one of the largest Scouting organizations in the United States of America and one of the largest youth organizations in the United States, with more than 2.4 million youth participants and nearly one million adult volunteers.
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Brookfield, Massachusetts
Brookfield is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Buffalo Bill
William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody (February 26, 1846 – January 10, 1917) was an American scout, bison hunter, and showman.
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Bureau of Indian Affairs
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is an agency of the federal government of the United States within the U.S. Department of the Interior.
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Canada (New France)
Canada was a French colony within New France first claimed in the name of the King of France in 1535 during the second voyage of Jacques Cartier.
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Cape Ann
Cape Ann is a rocky cape in northeastern Massachusetts, United States on the Atlantic Ocean.
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Chaubunagungamaug Reservation
The Chaubunagungamaug Reservation refers to the small parcel of land located in the town of Thompson, Connecticut, close to the border with the town of Webster, Massachusetts and within the bounds of Lake Chaubunagungamaug (Webster Lake) to the east and the French River to the west.
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Chert
Chert is a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed of microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline silica, the mineral form of silicon dioxide (SiO2).
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Cheryll Toney Holley
Cheryll Toney Holley is the current chief of the Hassanamisco band of the Nipmuc Nation, a Native American tribe recognized by the state of Massachusetts.
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Christianity
ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός Khristós (Latinized as Christus), translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, meaning "the anointed one", with the Latin suffixes -ian and -itas.
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Colored
Colored is an ethnic descriptor historically used in the United States (predominantly during the Jim Crow era) and the United Kingdom.
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Connecticut
Connecticut is the southernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.
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Cultural assimilation of Native Americans
The cultural assimilation of Native Americans was an assimilation effort by the United States to transform Native American culture to European–American culture between the years of 1790 and 1920.
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Daniel Gookin
Major-General Daniel Gookin (1612 – 19 March 1687) was a settler of Virginia and Massachusetts, and a writer on the subject of American Indians.
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Deer Island (Massachusetts)
Deer Island is a peninsula in Boston, Massachusetts.
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Domestic pig
The domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus or only Sus domesticus), often called swine, hog, or simply pig when there is no need to distinguish it from other pigs, is a large, even-toed ungulate.
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Dudley, Massachusetts
Dudley is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Dummer's War
The Dummer's War (1722–1725, also known as Father Rale's War, Lovewell's War, Greylock's War, the Three Years War, the 4th Anglo-Abenaki War, or the Wabanaki-New England War of 1722–1725) was a series of battles between New England and the Wabanaki Confederacy (specifically the Mi'kmaq, Maliseet, and Abenaki) who were allied with New France.
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Dutch people
The Dutch (Dutch), occasionally referred to as Netherlanders—a term that is cognate to the Dutch word for Dutch people, "Nederlanders"—are a Germanic ethnic group native to the Netherlands.
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Eastern Agricultural Complex
The Eastern Agricultural Complex was one of about 10 independent centers of plant domestication in the pre-historic world.
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Eliot Indian Bible
The Eliot Indian Bible (officially: Mamusse Wunneetupanatamwe Up-Biblum God, a.k.a.: Algonquian Bible) was the first Bible published in British North America.
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English language
English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.
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English people
The English are a nation and an ethnic group native to England who speak the English language. The English identity is of early medieval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Angelcynn ("family of the Angles"). Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic peoples who migrated to Great Britain around the 5th century AD. England is one of the countries of the United Kingdom, and the majority of people living there are British citizens. Historically, the English population is descended from several peoples the earlier Celtic Britons (or Brythons) and the Germanic tribes that settled in Britain following the withdrawal of the Romans, including Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians. Collectively known as the Anglo-Saxons, they founded what was to become England (from the Old English Englaland) along with the later Danes, Anglo-Normans and other groups. In the Acts of Union 1707, the Kingdom of England was succeeded by the Kingdom of Great Britain. Over the years, English customs and identity have become fairly closely aligned with British customs and identity in general. Today many English people have recent forebears from other parts of the United Kingdom, while some are also descended from more recent immigrants from other European countries and from the Commonwealth. The English people are the source of the English language, the Westminster system, the common law system and numerous major sports such as cricket, football, rugby union, rugby league and tennis. These and other English cultural characteristics have spread worldwide, in part as a result of the former British Empire.
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Epidemic
An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less.
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Federal Register
The Federal Register (FR or sometimes Fed. Reg.) is the official journal of the federal government of the United States that contains government agency rules, proposed rules, and public notices.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–63) comprised the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War of 1756–63.
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Genealogy
Genealogy (from γενεαλογία from γενεά, "generation" and λόγος, "knowledge"), also known as family history, is the study of families and the tracing of their lineages and history.
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George N. Briggs
George Nixon Briggs (April 12, 1796 – September 12, 1861) was an American lawyer and politician from Massachusetts.
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Gladys Tantaquidgeon
Gladys Iola Tantaquidgeon (June 15, 1899 – November 1, 2005) was a Mohegan medicine woman, anthropologist, author, tribal council member, and elder based in Connecticut.
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Grafton, Massachusetts
Grafton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Hassanamisco Nipmuc
The Hassanamiscos were living in what is today Grafton, Massachusetts, when in 1647 the Reverend John Elliot came to the village and converted the Hassanamiscos to Christianity.
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Hopkinton, Massachusetts
Hopkinton is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, less than west of Boston.
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Increase Mather
Increase Mather (June 21, 1639 O.S. – August 23, 1723 O.S.) was a major figure in the early history of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay (now the Commonwealth of Massachusetts).
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Indian reservation
An Indian reservation is a legal designation for an area of land managed by a federally recognized Native American tribe under the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs rather than the state governments of the United States in which they are physically located.
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Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.
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Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.
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Ipswich, Massachusetts
Ipswich is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Iroquois
The Iroquois or Haudenosaunee (People of the Longhouse) are a historically powerful northeast Native American confederacy.
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John Eliot (missionary)
John Eliot (c. 1604 – May 21, 1690) was a Puritan missionary to the American Indians whom some called "the apostle to the Indians" and the founder of Roxbury Latin School in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1645.
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John Milton Earle
John Milton Earle (April 13, 1794 – February 8, 1874) was an American businessman, abolitionist, and politician who founded the Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1829.
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King George's War
King George's War (1744–1748) is the name given to the military operations in North America that formed part of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748).
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King Philip's War
King Philip's War (sometimes called the First Indian War, Metacom's War, Metacomet's War, Pometacomet's Rebellion, or Metacom's Rebellion) was an armed conflict in 1675–78 between American Indian inhabitants of the New England region of North America versus New England colonists and their Indian allies.
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King William's War
King William's War (1688–97, also known as the Second Indian War, Father Baudoin's War,Alan F. Williams, Father Baudoin's War: D'Iberville's Campaigns in Acadia and Newfoundland 1696, 1697, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1987. Castin's War,Herbert Milton Sylvester. Indian Wars of New England: The land of the Abenake. The French occupation. King Philip's war. St. Castin's war. 1910. or the First Intercolonial War in French) was the North American theater of the Nine Years' War (1688–97, also known as the War of the Grand Alliance or the War of the League of Augsburg).
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Lake Chaubunagungamaug
Lake Chaubunagungamaug, also known as Webster Lake, is a lake in the town of Webster, Massachusetts.
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Lancaster, Massachusetts
Lancaster is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, in the United States.
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List of federally recognized tribes
There is a list of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States of America.
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Littleton, Massachusetts
Littleton (historically Nipmuc: Nashoba) is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Living museum
A living museum, also known as a living history museum, is a type of museum which recreates historical settings to simulate past time period, providing visitors with an experiential interpretation of history.
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Loup language
Loup is an extinct Algonquian language, or possibly group of languages, spoken in colonial New England.
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Mahican
The Mahicans (or Mohicans) are an Eastern Algonquian Native American tribe related to the abutting Delaware people, originally settled in the upper Hudson River Valley (around Albany, New York) and western New England centered on Pittsfield, Massachusetts and lower present-day Vermont.
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Manitou
Manitou, akin to the Iroquois orenda, is the spiritual and fundamental life force among Algonquian groups in the Native American mythology.
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Marlborough, Massachusetts
Marlborough (often spelled Marlboro) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Mary Rowlandson
Mary Rowlandson, née White, later Mary Talcott (c. 1637January 5, 1711) was a colonial American woman who was captured by Native Americans during King Philip's War and held for 11 weeks before being ransomed.
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Massachusett
The Massachusett are a Native American people who historically lived in areas surrounding Massachusetts Bay, as well as northeast and southern Massachusetts in what is now the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, including present-day Greater Boston.
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Massachusett language
The Massachusett language is an Algonquian language of the Algic language family, formerly spoken by several peoples of eastern coastal and south-eastern Massachusetts and currently, in its revived form, in four communities of Wampanoag people.
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Massachusetts
Massachusetts, officially known as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Massachusetts Bay Colony (1628–1691) was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century around the Massachusetts Bay, the northernmost of the several colonies later reorganized as the Province of Massachusetts Bay.
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Massachusetts Senate
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
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Measles
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus.
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Megafauna
In terrestrial zoology, megafauna (from Greek μέγας megas "large" and New Latin fauna "animal life") are large or giant animals.
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Mendon, Massachusetts
Mendon is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Metacomet
Metacomet (1638–1676), also known as Metacom and by his adopted English name King Philip,, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1998.
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Michael Dukakis
Michael Stanley Dukakis (born November 3, 1933) is a retired American politician who served as the 65th Governor of Massachusetts, from 1975 to 1979 and again from 1983 to 1991.
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Mohawk people
The Mohawk people (who identify as Kanien'kehá:ka) are the most easterly tribe of the Haudenosaunee, or Iroquois Confederacy.
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Mohegan
The Mohegan are an American Indian people historically based in present-day Connecticut; the majority are associated with the Mohegan Indian Tribe, a federally recognized tribe living on a reservation in the eastern upper Thames River valley of south-central Connecticut. It is one of two federally recognized tribes in the state, the other being the Mashantucket Pequot whose reservation is in Ledyard, Connecticut. There are also three state-recognized tribes: Schaghticoke, Paugusett, and Eastern Pequot. At the time of European contact, the Mohegan and Pequot were a unified tribal entity living in the southeastern Connecticut region, but the Mohegan gradually became independent as the hegemonic Pequot lost control over their trading empire and tributary groups. The name Pequot was given to the Mohegan by other tribes throughout the northeast and was eventually adopted by themselves. In 1637, English Puritan colonists destroyed a principal fortified village at Mistick with the help of Uncas, Wequash, and the Narragansetts during the Pequot War. This ended with the death of Uncas' cousin Sassacus at the hands of the Mohawk, an Iroquois Confederacy nation from west of the Hudson River. Thereafter, the Mohegan became a separate tribal nation under the leadership of their sachem Uncas. Uncas is a variant anglicized spelling of the Algonquian name Wonkus, which translates to "fox" in English. The word Mohegan (pronounced) translates in their respective Algonquin dialects (Mohegan-Pequot language) as "People of the Wolf". Over time, the Mohegan gradually lost ownership of much of their tribal lands. In 1978, Chief Rolling Cloud Hamilton petitioned for federal recognition of the Mohegan. Descendants of his Mohegan band operate independently of the federally recognized nation. In 1994, a majority group of Mohegan gained federal recognition as the Mohegan Tribe of Indians of Connecticut (MTIC). They have been defined by the United States government as the "successor in interest to the aboriginal entity known as the Mohegan Indian Tribe.", Mohegan Nation (Connecticut) Land Claim Settlement Act (1994), Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School, accessed 12 January 2013 The United States took land into trust the same year, under an act of Congress to serve as a reservation for the tribe. Most of the Mohegan people in Connecticut today live on the Mohegan Reservation at near Uncasville in the Town of Montville, New London County. The MTIC operate one of two Mohegan Sun Casinos on their reservation in Uncasville.
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Mohegan Tribe
The Mohegan Tribe is a federally recognized tribe and sovereign tribal nation of Mohegan people (pronounced). Their reservation is the Mohegan Indian Reservation, located on the Thames River in Uncasville, Connecticut.
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Mulatto
Mulatto is a term used to refer to people born of one white parent and one black parent or to people born of a mulatto parent or parents.
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Narragansett people
The Narragansett tribe are an Algonquian American Indian tribe from Rhode Island.
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Natick, Massachusetts
Natick is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.
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National Congress of American Indians
The National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) is an American Indian and Alaska Native indigenous rights organization.
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Native Americans in the United States
Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.
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New England
New England is a geographical region comprising six states of the northeastern United States: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut.
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New World
The New World is one of the names used for the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas (including nearby islands such as those of the Caribbean and Bermuda).
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Nipmuc Nation
Nipmuc Nation is a self-identifier used by Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuc of Worcester County, Massachusetts.
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Old Sturbridge Village
Old Sturbridge Village (OSV) is a living museum located in Sturbridge, Massachusetts, in the United States, which re-creates life in rural New England during the 1790s through 1830s.
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Paleo-Indians
Paleo-Indians, Paleoindians or Paleoamericans is a classification term given to the first peoples who entered, and subsequently inhabited, the Americas during the final glacial episodes of the late Pleistocene period.
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Pan-Indianism
Pan-Indianism is a philosophy and movement promoting unity among different American Indian groups in the Americas regardless of tribal or local affiliations.
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Pennacook
The Pennacook, also known by the names Penacook, and Pennacock, were a North American people of the Wabanaki Confederacy who primarily inhabited the Merrimack River valley of present-day New Hampshire and Massachusetts, as well as portions of southern Maine.
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Pequot
The Pequot are Native American people of the U.S. state of Connecticut.
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Pequot War
The Pequot War was an armed conflict that took place between 1636 and 1638 in New England between the Pequot tribe and an alliance of the colonists of the Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies and their allies from the Narragansett and Mohegan tribes.
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Phenotype
A phenotype is the composite of an organism's observable characteristics or traits, such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, behavior, and products of behavior (such as a bird's nest).
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Plains Indians
Plains Indians, Interior Plains Indians or Indigenous people of the Great Plains and Canadian Prairies are the Native American tribes and First Nation band governments who have traditionally lived on the greater Interior Plains (i.e. the Great Plains and the Canadian Prairies) in North America.
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Plymouth Colony
Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691.
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Pocomtuc
The Pocumtuc (v. Pocomtuck) or Deerfield Indians were a prominent Native American tribe originally inhabiting western areas of what is now Massachusetts, especially around the confluence of the Deerfield and Connecticut Rivers in today's Franklin County.
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Pow wow
A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.
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Praying town
Praying towns were developed by the Puritans of New England from 1646 to 1675 in an effort to convert the local Native American tribes to Christianity.
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Providence, Rhode Island
Providence is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island and is one of the oldest cities in the United States.
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Puritan migration to New England (1620–40)
The Puritan migration to New England was marked in its effects in the two decades from 1620 to 1640, after which it declined sharply for a time.
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Puritans
The Puritans were English Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to "purify" the Church of England from its "Catholic" practices, maintaining that the Church of England was only partially reformed.
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Queen Anne's War
Queen Anne's War (1702–1713) was the North American theater of the War of the Spanish Succession, as known in the British colonies, and the second in a series of French and Indian Wars fought between France and England in North America for control of the continent.
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Reindeer
The reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), also known as the caribou in North America, is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to Arctic, sub-Arctic, tundra, boreal and mountainous regions of northern Europe, Siberia and North America.
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Rhode Island
Rhode Island, officially the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States.
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Roger Williams
Roger Williams (c. 21 December 1603 – between 27 January and 15 March 1683) was a Puritan minister, English Reformed theologian, and Reformed Baptist who founded the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.
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Sabbath in Christianity
Sabbath in Christianity is the inclusion or adoption in Christianity of a Sabbath day.
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Schaghticoke people
The Schaghticoke are a Native American tribe of the Eastern Woodlands who historically consisted of Mahican, Potatuck, Weantinock, Tunxis, Podunk, and their descendants, peoples indigenous to what is now New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts.
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Slash-and-burn
Slash-and-burn agriculture, or fire–fallow cultivation, is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland to create a field called a swidden.
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Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.
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Spear-thrower
A spear-thrower or atlatl (or; ahtlatl) is a tool that uses leverage to achieve greater velocity in dart-throwing, and includes a bearing surface which allows the user to store energy during the throw.
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State-recognized tribes in the United States
State-recognized tribes are Native American Indian tribes, Nations, and Heritage Groups that have been recognized by a process established under assorted state laws for varying purposes.
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Sterling, Massachusetts
Sterling is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, USA.
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Stockbridge-Munsee Community
The Stockbridge-Munsee Community also known as the Mohican Nation Stockbridge-Munsee Band is a federally recognized Native American tribe formed in the late eighteenth century from communities of so-called "praying Indians" (or Moravian Indians), descended from Christianized members of two distinct peoples: Mohicans from the praying town of Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and Munsees.
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Sturbridge, Massachusetts
Sturbridge is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Sudbury, Massachusetts
Sudbury is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Sutton, Massachusetts
Sutton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Tantiusques
Tantiusques ("Tant-E-oos-kwiss") is a open space reservation and historic site registered with the National Register of Historic Places.
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Thomas Dudley
Thomas Dudley (12 October 157631 July 1653) was a colonial magistrate who served several terms as governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
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Thompson, Connecticut
Thompson is a rural town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States.
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Typhus
Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus and murine typhus.
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United States Congress
The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States.
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University of Massachusetts Press
The University of Massachusetts Press is a university press that is part of the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
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Uxbridge, Massachusetts
Uxbridge is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts first settled in 1662 and incorporated in 1727.
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Wampanoag
The Wampanoag, also rendered Wôpanâak, are an American Indian people in North America.
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Wampum
Wampum is a traditional shell bead of the Eastern Woodlands tribes of American Indians.
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Webster, Massachusetts
Webster is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
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West Indies
The West Indies or the Caribbean Basin is a region of the North Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean that includes the island countries and surrounding waters of three major archipelagoes: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago.
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White people
White people is a racial classification specifier, used mostly for people of European descent; depending on context, nationality, and point of view, the term has at times been expanded to encompass certain persons of North African, Middle Eastern, and South Asian descent, persons who are often considered non-white in other contexts.
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Whiting Griswold
Whiting Griswold (November 12, 1814 – October 28, 1874) was an American abolitionist, lawyer and politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and in the Massachusetts Senate.
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Wisconsin
Wisconsin is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States, in the Midwest and Great Lakes regions.
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Wisconsin glaciation
The Wisconsin Glacial Episode, also called the Wisconsinan glaciation, was the most recent glacial period of the North American ice sheet complex.
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Woodland period
In the classification of Archaeological cultures of North America, the Woodland period of North American pre-Columbian cultures spanned a period from roughly 1000 BCE to European contact in the eastern part of North America, with some archaeologists distinguishing the Mississippian period, from 1000 CE to European contact as a separate period.
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Woodstock, Connecticut
Woodstock is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States.
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Zara Cisco Brough
Zara Cisco Brough (1919–1988), often spelled as Zara Ciscoe Brough, commonly referred to as Princess White Flower, was the daughter of Sarah Cisco Sullivan and the granddaughter of James Lemuel Cisco.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipmuc
