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31 relations: Alcaligenes faecalis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Bacillus megaterium, Biodegradable plastic, Biodegradation, Carbon, Coenzyme A, Comamonas testosteroni, Compost, Condensation reaction, Copolymer, Cupriavidus metallidurans, Glucose, Green chemistry, Imperial Chemical Industries, John Wiley & Sons, Metabolix, Methylobacterium rhodesianum, Microbiologist, Microorganism, Pascal (unit), Petrochemical, Pilot plant, Polyester, Polyhydroxyalkanoates, Polymer, Polypropylene, Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Starch, Variovorax paradoxus.
Alcaligenes faecalis
Alcaligenes faecalis is a species of Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria commonly found in the environment.
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Aspergillus fumigatus
Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungus of the genus Aspergillus, and is one of the most common Aspergillus species to cause disease in individuals with an immunodeficiency.
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Bacillus megaterium
Bacillus megaterium is a rod-like, Gram-positive, mainly aerobic spore forming bacterium found in widely diverse habitats.
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Biodegradable plastic
Biodegradable plastics are plastics that are decomposed by the action of living organisms, usually bacteria.
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Biodegradation
Biodegradation is the disintegration of materials by bacteria, fungi, or other biological means.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA,SCoA,CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle.
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Comamonas testosteroni
Comamonas testosteroni is a Gram-negative soil bacterium.
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Compost
Compost is organic matter that has been decomposed in a process called composting.
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Condensation reaction
A condensation reaction is a class of an organic addition reaction that proceeds in a step-wise fashion to produce the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and a water molecule (hence named condensation).
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Copolymer
When two or more different monomers unite together to polymerize, the product is called a copolymer and the process is called copolymerization.
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Cupriavidus metallidurans
Cupriavidus metallidurans strain CH34 (renamed from Ralstonia metallidurans and previously known as Ralstonia eutropha and Alcaligenes eutrophus) is a nonspore-forming, Gram-negative bacterium which is adapted to survive several forms of heavy metal stress.
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Glucose
Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6.
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Green chemistry
Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the designing of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances.
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Imperial Chemical Industries
Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) was a British chemical company and was, for much of its history, the largest manufacturer in Britain.
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John Wiley & Sons
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., also referred to as Wiley, is a global publishing company that specializes in academic publishing.
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Metabolix
Metabolix, Inc. is a bioplastics technology development and commercialization company founded in 1992.
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Methylobacterium rhodesianum
Methylobacterium rhodesianum is a bacterium.
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Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes.
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Microorganism
A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India and the 1st century BC book On Agriculture by Marcus Terentius Varro. Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation. In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax. Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse. Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Woese, all of the Archaea and Bacteria are microorganisms. These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotes, the other being the eukaryotes. The third domain Eukaryota includes all multicellular organisms and many unicellular protists and protozoans. Some protists are related to animals and some to green plants. Many of the multicellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae, but these are not discussed here. They live in almost every habitat from the poles to the equator, deserts, geysers, rocks and the deep sea. Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments. Microorganisms also make up the microbiota found in and on all multicellular organisms. A December 2017 report stated that 3.45 billion year old Australian rocks once contained microorganisms, the earliest direct evidence of life on Earth. Microbes are important in human culture and health in many ways, serving to ferment foods, treat sewage, produce fuel, enzymes and other bioactive compounds. They are essential tools in biology as model organisms and have been put to use in biological warfare and bioterrorism. They are a vital component of fertile soils. In the human body microorganisms make up the human microbiota including the essential gut flora. They are the pathogens responsible for many infectious diseases and as such are the target of hygiene measures.
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Pascal (unit)
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the SI derived unit of pressure used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength.
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Petrochemical
Petrochemicals (also known as petroleum distillates) are chemical products derived from petroleum.
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Pilot plant
A pilot plant is a pre-commercial production system that employs new production technology and/or produces small volumes of new technology-based products, mainly for the purpose of learning about the new technology.
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Polyester
Polyester is a category of polymers that contain the ester functional group in their main chain.
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates
Polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHAs are polyesters produced in nature by numerous microorganisms, including through bacterial fermentation of sugar or lipids.
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Polymer
A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.
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Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications.
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Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 validly described species.
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Pseudomonas stutzeri
Pseudomonas stutzeri is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile, single polar-flagellated, soil bacterium first isolated from human spinal fluid.
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Starch
Starch or amylum is a polymeric carbohydrate consisting of a large number of glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds.
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Variovorax paradoxus
Variovorax paradoxus is a gram negative, beta proteobacterium from the genus Variovorax.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhydroxybutyrate
