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Social class in the United Kingdom

Index Social class in the United Kingdom

The social structure of the United Kingdom has historically been highly influenced by the concept of social class, with the concept still affecting British society today. [1]

250 relations: Academy, Accountant, Advertising, Aircraft pilot, Alan S. C. Ross, Alf Garnett, Andy Capp, Apprenticeship, Architect, Armiger, Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, Asset, Automotive industry, Bacon, Baron, Baronet, Barrister, Bartender, BBC, Black Country dialect, Black market, Boris Johnson, British Army, British Empire, British nobility, British royal family, Broadsheet, Brummie, Business administration, Businessperson, Call centre, Care work, Caribbean, Carpentry, Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, Chancellor of Germany (1949–present), Charles Masterman, Chav, Chef, Chief executive officer, Chief financial officer, City of London, Civil service, Classless society, Clergy, Coal mining, Cockney, College of Arms, Conservative Party (UK), Conspicuous consumption, ..., Court of the Lord Lyon, Credibility, Cultural capital, Culture of Bristol, David Cameron, David Cannadine, Deindustrialization, Delivery (commerce), Dentist, Denys Blakeway, Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain, Dialect, Distinction (book), Douglas Sutherland, Duke, Earl, East London, Education, Electrical engineering, Electrician, Electronics technician, Engineer, England, English language, Essex, Essex man, Estuary English, Family, Foundry, French Revolution, Friendship, Gentleman, Gentry, Geordie, Great British Class Survey, Helena Bonham Carter, Helmut Schmidt, Hereditary peer, Heredity, Higher education, House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Lords, Humanities, Husbandman, Immigration, Income, Income in the United Kingdom, Independent school (United Kingdom), Indian subcontinent, Industrial Revolution, Industrialisation, Industry, Information technology, Inner city, Inns of Court, J. Horace Round, Jamaica, Jamaican English, Janitor, Jilly Cooper, Joiner, Judge, Kate Fox, Kent, Knight, Labour Party (UK), Law of heraldic arms, Liberal Democrats (UK), List of Keeping Up Appearances characters, Local government, London, London Evening Standard, Lord of Parliament, Los Angeles (magazine), Lower middle class, Mackem, Management, Manchester, Manchester dialect, Manual labour, Marketing, Marquess, Marxian class theory, Matthew Pinsent, Max Weber, Means of production, Medway, Methuen Publishing, Middle England, Midwife, Mockney, Mosaic (geodemography), Multicultural London English, Musician, Nancy Mitford, Nanny, Ned (Scottish), Netherlands, New Statesman, Nobility, Noblesse Oblige (book), Northern England, Nursing, Occupational therapist, Office for National Statistics, Oswald Barron, Owner-occupancy, Oxbridge, Parliament of the United Kingdom, Peerage, Pharmacist, Phonetics, Physician, Plumber, Postal worker, Potteries dialect, Poverty in the United Kingdom, Preparatory school (United Kingdom), Private school, Proletariat, Property caretaker, Public relations, Public school (United Kingdom), Quality of life, Radiology, Rah (slang), Received Pronunciation, Research, Royal family, Royal Navy, Sales, Scientist, Scottish Lowlands, Scouse, Secondary education, Shopkeeper, Slavery in Britain, Sloane Ranger, Social capital, Social class, Social status, Social work, Sociolect, Sociology (journal), Solicitor, South Asia, South East England, South Wales, Sovereign Military Order of Malta, Standard of living, State school, Steel mill, Steptoe and Son, Stoke-on-Trent, Surveying, Tabloid (newspaper format), Teacher, Tertiary education, Textile manufacturing, The arts, The Daily Telegraph, The English Gentleman, The Good Life (1975 TV series), The Guardian, The Independent, The Making of the English Working Class, The Spectator, The Sun (United Kingdom), The Times, Three-component theory of stratification, Toff, Trade union, Travel agency, Trinidad and Tobago, Truck driver, Tutor, U and non-U English, United Kingdom, University, Unlicensed assistive personnel, Upper class, Vagrancy, Villein, Viscount, Welfare's effect on poverty, West Africa, West Country English, West Germany, West Midlands (region), White British, White people, White van man, White-collar worker, Worcester woman, Working class, Working poor, World War II, Yeoman, Yorkshire dialect, 2011 England riots. Expand index (200 more) »

Academy

An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary education, higher learning, research, or honorary membership.

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Accountant

An accountant is a practitioner of accounting or accountancy, which is the measurement, disclosure or provision of assurance about financial information that helps managers, investors, tax authorities and others make decisions about allocating resource(s).

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Advertising

Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, non-personal message to promote or sell a product, service or idea.

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Aircraft pilot

An aircraft pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an aircraft by operating its directional flight controls.

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Alan S. C. Ross

Alan Strode Campbell Ross (1 February 1907 – 23 September 1980) was a British academic specialising in linguistics.

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Alf Garnett

Alfred Edward "Alf" Garnett is a fictional character from the British sitcom Till Death Us Do Part and its follow-on and spin-off series Till Death... and In Sickness and in Health.

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Andy Capp

Andy Capp is an English comic strip created by cartoonist Reg Smythe, seen in The Daily Mirror and The Sunday Mirror newspapers since 5 August 1957.

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Apprenticeship

An apprenticeship is a system of training a new generation of practitioners of a trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study (classroom work and reading).

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Architect

An architect is a person who plans, designs, and reviews the construction of buildings.

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Armiger

In heraldry, an armiger is a person entitled to use a heraldic achievement (e.g., bear arms, an "armour-bearer") either by hereditary right, grant, matriculation, or assumption of arms.

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Arthur Charles Fox-Davies

Arthur Charles Fox-Davies (28 February 1871 – 19 May 1928) was a British expert on heraldry.

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Asset

In financial accounting, an asset is an economic resource.

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Automotive industry

The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles, some of them are called automakers.

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Bacon

Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork.

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Baron

Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often hereditary.

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Baronet

A baronet (or; abbreviated Bart or Bt) or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess (or; abbreviation Btss), is the holder of a baronetcy, an hereditary title awarded by the British Crown.

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Barrister

A barrister (also known as barrister-at-law or bar-at-law) is a type of lawyer in common law jurisdictions.

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Bartender

A bartender (also known as a barkeep, barman, barmaid, bar chef, tapster, mixologist, alcohol server, flairman or an alcohol chef) is a person who formulates and serves alcoholic or soft drink beverages behind the bar, usually in a licensed establishment.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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Black Country dialect

The Black Country dialect is spoken in the Black Country of England, that is to say the boroughs of Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall, and outlying parts of the city of Wolverhampton.

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Black market

A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or transaction that has some aspect of illegality or is characterized by some form of noncompliant behavior with an institutional set of rules.

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Boris Johnson

Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson (born 19 June 1964), best known as Boris Johnson, is a British politician, popular historian and journalist serving as Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs since 2016 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Uxbridge and South Ruislip since 2015.

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British Army

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of British Armed Forces.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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British nobility

The British nobility are the Noble Houses and Gentry families of the United Kingdom.

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British royal family

The British royal family comprises Queen Elizabeth II and her close relations.

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Broadsheet

A broadsheet is the largest newspaper format and is characterized by long vertical pages (typically). Other common newspaper formats include the smaller Berliner and tabloid/compact formats.

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Brummie

Brummie or Brummy is the English dialect of Birmingham, England.

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Business administration

Business administration is management of a business.

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Businessperson

A business person (also businessman or businesswoman) is a person involved in the business sector – in particular someone undertaking activities (commercial or industrial) for the purpose of generating cash flow, sales, and revenue utilizing a combination of human, financial, intellectual and physical capital with a view to fuelling economic development and growth.

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Call centre

A call centre or call center is a centralised office used for receiving or transmitting a large volume of requests by telephone.

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Care work

Care work is a sub-category of work that includes all tasks that directly involve care processes done in service of others.

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Caribbean

The Caribbean is a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean) and the surrounding coasts.

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Carpentry

Carpentry is a skilled trade in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of building materials during the construction of buildings, ships, timber bridges, concrete formwork, etc.

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Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge

Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (born Catherine Elizabeth Middleton; 9 January 1982) is a member of the British royal family.

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Chancellor of Germany (1949–present)

The Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (in German called Bundeskanzler(in), meaning "Federal Chancellor", or in) for short) is, under the German 1949 Constitution, the head of government of Germany.

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Charles Masterman

Charles Frederick Gurney Masterman PC (24 October 1873 – 17 November 1927) was a radical Liberal Party politician, intellectual and man of letters, He worked closely with such Liberal leaders as David Lloyd George and Winston Churchill in designing social welfare projects, including the National Insurance Act of 1911.

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Chav

Chav (charver in parts of Northern England) is a pejorative epithet used in Britain to describe a particular stereotype of anti-social youth dressed in sportswear.

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Chef

A chef is a trained professional cook who is proficient in all aspects of food preparation, often focusing on a particular cuisine.

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Chief executive officer

Chief executive officer (CEO) is the position of the most senior corporate officer, executive, administrator, or other leader in charge of managing an organization especially an independent legal entity such as a company or nonprofit institution.

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Chief financial officer

The chief financial officer (CFO) is the officer of a company that has primary responsibility for managing the company's finances, including financial planning, management of financial risks, record-keeping, and financial reporting.

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City of London

The City of London is a city and county that contains the historic centre and the primary central business district (CBD) of London.

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Civil service

The civil service is independent of government and composed mainly of career bureaucrats hired on professional merit rather than appointed or elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership.

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Classless society

Classless society refers to a society in which no one is born into a social class.

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Clergy

Clergy are some of the main and important formal leaders within certain religions.

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Coal mining

Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground.

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Cockney

The term cockney has had several distinct geographical, social, and linguistic associations.

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College of Arms

The College of Arms, sometimes referred to as the College of Heralds, is a royal corporation consisting of professional officers of arms, with jurisdiction over England, Wales, Northern Ireland and some Commonwealth realms.

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Conservative Party (UK)

The Conservative Party, officially the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom.

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Conspicuous consumption

Conspicuous consumption is the spending of money on and the acquiring of luxury goods and services to publicly display economic power—of the income or of the accumulated wealth of the buyer.

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Court of the Lord Lyon

The Court of the Lord Lyon (the Lyon Court) is a standing court of law which regulates heraldry in Scotland.

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Credibility

Credibility comprises the objective and subjective components of the believability of a source or message.

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Cultural capital

In sociology, cultural capital consists of the social assets of a person (education, intellect, style of speech and dress, etc.) that promote social mobility in a stratified society.

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Culture of Bristol

Bristol is a city in South West England.

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David Cameron

David William Donald Cameron (born 9 October 1966) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 2005 to 2016.

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David Cannadine

Sir David Cannadine (born 7 September 1950) is a British author and historian, who specialises in modern history and the history of business and philanthropy.

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Deindustrialization

Deindustrialization or deindustrialisation is a process of social and economic change caused by the removal or reduction of industrial capacity or activity in a country or region, especially heavy industry or manufacturing industry.

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Delivery (commerce)

Delivery is the process of transporting goods from a source location to a predefined destination.

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Dentist

A dentist, also known as a dental surgeon, is a surgeon who specializes in dentistry, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity.

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Denys Blakeway

Denys Blakeway is a British television producer and author who is best known for documentaries and books about contemporary history.

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Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain

The destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain was a phenomenon brought about by a change in social conditions during which a large number of country houses of varying architectural merit were demolished by their owners.

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Dialect

The term dialect (from Latin,, from the Ancient Greek word,, "discourse", from,, "through" and,, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.

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Distinction (book)

Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste (La distinction) is a 1979 book by Pierre Bourdieu, based upon the author's empirical research from 1963 until 1968.

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Douglas Sutherland

Douglas Chalmers Hutchinson Sutherland (18 November 1919 – 28 August 1995) was a British author and journalist, who was born at Bongate Hall, Appleby-in-Westmorland, in 1919.

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Duke

A duke (male) or duchess (female) can either be a monarch ruling over a duchy or a member of royalty or nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch.

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Earl

An earl is a member of the nobility.

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East London

East London is a popularly and informally defined part of London, capital of the United Kingdom, lying east of the ancient City and north of the River Thames.

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Education

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.

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Electrical engineering

Electrical engineering is a professional engineering discipline that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.

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Electrician

An electrician is a tradesman specializing in electrical wiring of buildings, stationary machines, and related equipment.

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Electronics technician

Electronics technicians help design, develop, test, manufacture, install, and repair electrical and electronic equipment such as communication equipment, medical monitoring devices, navigational equipment, and computers.

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Engineer

Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are people who invent, design, analyze, build, and test machines, systems, structures and materials to fulfill objectives and requirements while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, regulation, safety, and cost.

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England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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Essex

Essex is a county in the East of England.

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Essex man

Essex man and Mondeo man are stereotypical figures which were popularised in 1990s England.

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Estuary English

Estuary English is an English dialect or accent associated with South East England, especially the area along the River Thames and its estuary, centering around London.

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Family

Every person has his/her own family.mother reproduces with husband for children.In the context of human society, a family (from familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth), affinity (by marriage or other relationship), or co-residence (as implied by the etymology of the English word "family" from Latin familia 'family servants, domestics collectively, the servants in a household,' thus also 'members of a household, the estate, property; the household, including relatives and servants,' abstract noun formed from famulus 'servant, slave ') or some combination of these.

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Foundry

A foundry is a factory that produces metal castings.

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French Revolution

The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.

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Friendship

Friendship is a relationship of mutual affection between people.

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Gentleman

In modern parlance, a gentleman (from gentle + man, translating the Old French gentilz hom) is any man of good, courteous conduct.

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Gentry

The gentry (genterie; Old French gentil: "high-born") are the "well-born, genteel, and well-bred people" of the social class below the nobility of a society.

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Geordie

Geordie is a nickname for a person from the Tyneside area of North East England, and the dialect spoken by its inhabitants.

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Great British Class Survey

On 2 April 2013 analysis of the results of the Great British Class Survey (GBCS; a survey of social class in the United Kingdom which researched the social structure of the United Kingdom) was published online.

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Helena Bonham Carter

Helena Bonham Carter (born 26 May 1966) is an English actress best known for her roles in low-budget arthouse and independent films to large-scale Hollywood productions.

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Helmut Schmidt

Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt (23 December 1918 – 10 November 2015) was a German politician and member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), who served as Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1974 to 1982.

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Hereditary peer

The Hereditary peers form part of the peerage in the United Kingdom.

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Heredity

Heredity is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents.

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Higher education

Higher education (also called post-secondary education, third-level or tertiary education) is an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after completion of secondary education.

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House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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House of Lords

The House of Lords of the United Kingdom, also known as the House of Peers, is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Humanities

Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture.

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Husbandman

A husbandman in England in the medieval and early modern period was a free tenant farmer or small landowner.

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Immigration

Immigration is the international movement of people into a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle or reside there, especially as permanent residents or naturalized citizens, or to take up employment as a migrant worker or temporarily as a foreign worker.

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Income

Income is the consumption and savings opportunity gained by an entity within a specified timeframe, which is generally expressed in monetary terms.

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Income in the United Kingdom

In terms of global poverty criteria, the United Kingdom is a wealthy country, with virtually no people living on less than £4 a day.

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Independent school (United Kingdom)

In the United Kingdom, independent schools (also private schools) are fee-paying private schools, governed by an elected board of governors and independent of many of the regulations and conditions that apply to state-funded schools.

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Indian subcontinent

The Indian subcontinent is a southern region and peninsula of Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.

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Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

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Industrialisation

Industrialisation or industrialization is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society, involving the extensive re-organisation of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing.

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Industry

Industry is the production of goods or related services within an economy.

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Information technology

Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data, or information, often in the context of a business or other enterprise.

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Inner city

The inner city or inner town is the central area of a major city or metropolis.

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Inns of Court

The Inns of Court in London are the professional associations for barristers in England and Wales.

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J. Horace Round

(John) Horace Round (1854–1928) was an historian and genealogist of the English medieval period.

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Jamaica

Jamaica is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.

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Jamaican English

Jamaican English, which includes Jamaican Standard English, is a variety of English spoken in Jamaica.

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Janitor

A janitor (American English, Scottish English), janitress (female), custodian, porter, cleaner or caretaker is a person who cleans and maintains buildings such as hospitals, schools, and residential accommodation.

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Jilly Cooper

Jilly Cooper, CBE (born 21 February 1937) is an English author.

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Joiner

A joiner is an artisan who builds things by joining pieces of wood, particularly lighter and more ornamental work than that done by a carpenter, including furniture and the "fittings" of a house, ship, etc.

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Judge

A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges.

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Kate Fox

Kate Fox is a social anthropologist, co-director of the Social Issues Research Centre (SIRC) and a Fellow of the Institute for Cultural Research.

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Kent

Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.

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Knight

A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch, bishop or other political leader for service to the monarch or a Christian Church, especially in a military capacity.

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Labour Party (UK)

The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom.

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Law of heraldic arms

The law of heraldic arms (or laws of heraldry) governs the "bearing of arms", that is, the possession, use or display of arms, also called coats of arms, coat armour or armorial bearings.

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Liberal Democrats (UK)

The Liberal Democrats (often referred to as Lib Dems) are a liberal British political party, formed in 1988 as a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a splinter group from the Labour Party, which had formed the SDP–Liberal Alliance from 1981.

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List of Keeping Up Appearances characters

This page is a list of main characters for the British sitcom Keeping Up Appearances, which ran from 1990 to 1995.

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Local government

A local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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London Evening Standard

The London Evening Standard (or simply Evening Standard) is a local, free daily newspaper, published Monday to Friday in tabloid format in London.

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Lord of Parliament

A Lord of Parliament (Laird o Pairlament) was the holder of the lowest form of peerage entitled as of right to take part in sessions of the pre-Union Parliament of Scotland.

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Los Angeles (magazine)

Los Angeles magazine is a monthly publication dedicated to covering Los Angeles.

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Lower middle class

In developed nations across the world, the lower middle class is a sub-division of the greater middle class.

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Mackem

Mackem, Makem or Mak'em is the informal nickname for residents of and people from Sunderland, a city in North East England.

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Management

Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a not-for-profit organization, or government body.

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Manchester

Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, with a population of 530,300.

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Manchester dialect

Mancunian (or Manc) is the dialect spoken in Manchester, North West England, and its environs.

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Manual labour

Manual labour (in British English, manual labor in American English) or manual work is physical work done by people, most especially in contrast to that done by machines, and to that done by working animals.

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Marketing

Marketing is the study and management of exchange relationships.

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Marquess

A marquess (marquis) is a nobleman of hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies.

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Marxian class theory

In Marxism, Marxian class theory asserts that an individual’s position within a class hierarchy is determined by his or her role in the production process, and argues that political and ideological consciousness is determined by class position.

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Matthew Pinsent

Sir Matthew Clive Pinsent, CBE (born 10 October 1970) is an English rower and broadcaster.

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Max Weber

Maximilian Karl Emil "Max" Weber (21 April 1864 – 14 June 1920) was a German sociologist, philosopher, jurist, and political economist.

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Means of production

In economics and sociology, the means of production (also called capital goods) are physical non-human and non-financial inputs used in the production of economic value.

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Medway

Medway is a conurbation and unitary authority in Kent in the region of South East England.

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Methuen Publishing

Methuen Publishing Ltd is an English publishing house.

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Middle England

The phrase "Middle England" is a socio-political term which generally refers to middle class or lower-middle class people in England who hold traditional conservative or right-wing views.

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Midwife

A midwife is a professional in midwifery, specializing in pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, women's sexual and reproductive health (including annual gynecological exams, family planning, menopausal care and others), and newborn care.

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Mockney

Mockney (a portmanteau of "mock" and "cockney") is an affected accent and form of speech in imitation of cockney or working-class London speech, or a person with such an accent.

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Mosaic (geodemography)

Mosaic UK is Experian’s system for classification of UK households.

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Multicultural London English

Multicultural London English (abbreviated MLE) is a sociolect of English that emerged in the late 20th century.

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Musician

A musician is a person who plays a musical instrument or is musically talented.

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Nancy Mitford

Nancy Freeman-Mitford (28 November 1904 – 30 June 1973), known as Nancy Mitford, was an English novelist, biographer and journalist.

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Nanny

A nanny provides child care within the children's family setting.

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Ned (Scottish)

Ned is a derogatory term applied in Scotland to hooligans, louts or petty criminals, latterly with the stereotypical implication that they wear casual sports clothes.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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New Statesman

The New Statesman is a British political and cultural magazine published in London.

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Nobility

Nobility is a social class in aristocracy, normally ranked immediately under royalty, that possesses more acknowledged privileges and higher social status than most other classes in a society and with membership thereof typically being hereditary.

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Noblesse Oblige (book)

Noblesse Oblige: An Enquiry Into the Identifiable Characteristics of the English Aristocracy (1956) is a book that purports to be edited by Nancy Mitford, illustrated by Osbert Lancaster, caricaturist of English manners, and published by Hamish Hamilton.

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Northern England

Northern England, also known simply as the North, is the northern part of England, considered as a single cultural area.

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Nursing

Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.

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Occupational therapist

An occupational therapist works with a client to help them achieve a fulfilled and satisfied state in life through the use of "purposeful activity or interventions designed to achieve occupational outcomes which promote health, prevent injury or disability to develop, improve, sustain or restore the highest possible level of independence." A practical definition for OT can also be illustrated with the use of models such as the Occupational Performance Model (Australia), known as the OPM(A).

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Office for National Statistics

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly to the UK Parliament.

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Oswald Barron

Arthur Oswald Barron (3 January 1868 – 24 September 1939) was a journalist and scholar on heraldic and genealogical subjects.

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Owner-occupancy

Owner-occupancy or home-ownership is a form of housing tenure where a person, called the owner-occupier, owner-occupant, or home owner, owns the home in which he/she lives.

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Oxbridge

Oxbridge is a portmanteau of "Oxford" and "Cambridge"; the two oldest, most prestigious, and consistently most highly-ranked universities in the United Kingdom.

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Parliament of the United Kingdom

The Parliament of the United Kingdom, commonly known as the UK Parliament or British Parliament, is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown dependencies and overseas territories.

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Peerage

A peerage is a legal system historically comprising hereditary titles in various countries, comprising various noble ranks.

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Pharmacist

Pharmacists, also known as chemists (Commonwealth English) or druggists (North American and, archaically, Commonwealth English), are health professionals who practice in pharmacy, the field of health sciences focusing on safe and effective medication use.

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Phonetics

Phonetics (pronounced) is the branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of sign.

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Physician

A physician, medical practitioner, medical doctor, or simply doctor is a professional who practises medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining, or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.

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Plumber

A plumber is a tradesperson who specializes in installing and maintaining systems used for potable (drinking) water, sewage and drainage in plumbing systems.

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Postal worker

A postal worker is one who works for a post office, such as a mail carrier.

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Potteries dialect

Potteries is an English dialect of the North Midlands of England, almost exclusively in and around Stoke-on-Trent.

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Poverty in the United Kingdom

Despite being a developed country, those who are living at the lower end of the income distribution in the United Kingdom have a relatively low standard of living.

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Preparatory school (United Kingdom)

A preparatory school (or, shortened: prep school) in the United Kingdom is a selective, fee-charging independent primary school that caters primarily for children up to approximately the age of 13.

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Private school

Private schools, also known to many as independent schools, non-governmental, privately funded, or non-state schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments.

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Proletariat

The proletariat (from Latin proletarius "producing offspring") is the class of wage-earners in a capitalist society whose only possession of significant material value is their labour-power (their ability to work).

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Property caretaker

A property caretaker is a person, group, or organization that cares for real estate for trade or financial compensation, and sometimes as a barter for rent-free living accommodations.

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Public relations

Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the spread of information between an individual or an organization (such as a business, government agency, or a nonprofit organization) and the public.

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Public school (United Kingdom)

A public school in England and Wales is a long-established, student-selective, fee-charging independent secondary school that caters primarily for children aged between 11 or 13 and 18, and whose head teacher is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC).

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Quality of life

Quality of life (QOL) is the general well-being of individuals and societies, outlining negative and positive features of life.

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Radiology

Radiology is the science that uses medical imaging to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body.

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Rah (slang)

Rah is a pejorative term referring to a stereotypical affluent young upper class or upper-middle class person (male or female) in the United Kingdom.

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Received Pronunciation

Received Pronunciation (RP) is an accent of Standard English in the United Kingdom and is defined in the Concise Oxford English Dictionary as "the standard accent of English as spoken in the south of England", although it can be heard from native speakers throughout England and Wales.

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Research

Research comprises "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humans, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications." It is used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories.

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Royal family

A royal family is the immediate family of a king or queen regnant, and sometimes his or her extended family.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.

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Sales

Sales is activity related to selling or the amount of goods or services sold in a given time period.

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Scientist

A scientist is a person engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge that describes and predicts the natural world.

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Scottish Lowlands

The Lowlands (the Lallans or the Lawlands; a' Ghalldachd, "the place of the foreigner") are a cultural and historic region of Scotland.

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Scouse

Scouse (also, in academic sources, called Liverpool English or Merseyside English) is an accent and dialect of English found primarily in the Metropolitan county of Merseyside, and closely associated with the city of Liverpool.

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Secondary education

Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.

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Shopkeeper

A shopkeeper is an individual who owns or runs a shop.

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Slavery in Britain

Slavery in Great Britain existed and was recognized from before the Roman occupation until the 12th century, when chattel slavery disappeared after the Norman Conquest.

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Sloane Ranger

In the United Kingdom, a Sloanie (or occasionally a Sloane Ranger) is a stereotypical young upper-middle or upper class person who pursues a distinctive fashionable lifestyle.

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Social capital

Social capital is a form of economic and cultural capital in which social networks are central; transactions are marked by reciprocity, trust, and cooperation; and market agents produce goods and services not mainly for themselves, but for a common good.

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Social class

A social class is a set of subjectively defined concepts in the social sciences and political theory centered on models of social stratification in which people are grouped into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the upper, middle and lower classes.

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Social status

Social status is the relative respect, competence, and deference accorded to people, groups, and organizations in a society.

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Social work

Social work is an academic discipline and profession that concerns itself with individuals, families, groups and communities in an effort to enhance social functioning and overall well-being.

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Sociolect

In sociolinguistics, a sociolect or social dialect is a variety of language (a register) used by a socioeconomic class, a profession, an age group or other social group.

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Sociology (journal)

Sociology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the British Sociological Association.

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Solicitor

A solicitor is a legal practitioner who traditionally deals with most of the legal matters in some jurisdictions.

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South Asia

South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as the Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.

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South East England

South East England is the most populous of the nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes.

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South Wales

South Wales (De Cymru) is the region of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south, and Mid Wales and West Wales to the north and west.

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Sovereign Military Order of Malta

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (Supremus Ordo Militaris Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani Rhodius et Melitensis), also known as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM) or the Order of Malta, is a Catholic lay religious order traditionally of military, chivalrous and noble nature.

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Standard of living

Standard of living refers to the level of wealth, comfort, material goods, and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area, usually a country.

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State school

State schools (also known as public schools outside England and Wales)In England and Wales, some independent schools for 13- to 18-year-olds are known as 'public schools'.

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Steel mill

A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel.

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Steptoe and Son

Steptoe and Son is a British sitcom written by Ray Galton and Alan Simpson about a father-and-son rag-and-bone business.

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Stoke-on-Trent

Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England, with an area of.

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Surveying

Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, and science of determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them.

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Tabloid (newspaper format)

A tabloid is a newspaper with a compact page size smaller than broadsheet.

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Teacher

A teacher (also called a school teacher or, in some contexts, an educator) is a person who helps others to acquire knowledge, competences or values.

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Tertiary education

Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage, third level, and postsecondary education, is the educational level following the completion of a school providing a secondary education.

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Textile manufacturing

Textile manufacturing is a major industry.

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The arts

The arts refers to the theory and physical expression of creativity found in human societies and cultures.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The English Gentleman

The English Gentleman (1978) is a humorous book written by Douglas Sutherland and illustrated by Timothy Jacques, with an introduction by Sir Iain Moncreiffe of that Ilk.

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The Good Life (1975 TV series)

The Good Life is a British sitcom, produced by BBC television.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

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The Making of the English Working Class

The Making of the English Working Class is a work of English social history, written by E. P. Thompson, a 'New Left' historian.

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The Spectator

The Spectator is a weekly British magazine on politics, culture, and current affairs.

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The Sun (United Kingdom)

The Sun is a tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England.

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Three-component theory of stratification

The three-component theory of stratification, more widely known as Weberian stratification or the three class system, was developed by German sociologist Max Weber with class, status and power as distinct ideal types.

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Toff

In British English slang, a toff is a derogatory stereotype for someone with an aristocratic background or belonging to the landed gentry, particularly someone who exudes an air of superiority.

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Trade union

A trade union or trades union, also called a labour union (Canada) or labor union (US), is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals; such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits (such as vacation, health care, and retirement), and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers.

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Travel agency

A travel agency is a private retailer or public service that provides travel and tourism related services to the public on behalf of suppliers such as activities, airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, hotels, railways, travel insurance, and package tours.

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Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago, officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is a twin island sovereign state that is the southernmost nation of the West Indies in the Caribbean.

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Truck driver

A truck driver (commonly referred to as a trucker, teamster or driver in the United States and Canada; a truckie in Australia and New Zealand; a lorry driver, or driver in Ireland, the United Kingdom, India, Nepal and Pakistan) is a person who earns a living as the driver of a truck (usually a semi truck, box truck or dump truck).

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Tutor

A tutor is a person who provides assistance or tutelage to one or more people on certain subject areas or skills.

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U and non-U English

U and non-U English usage, with "U" standing for "upper class", and "non-U" representing the aspiring middle classes, was part of the terminology of popular discourse of social dialects (sociolects) in Britain in the 1950s.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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University

A university (universitas, "a whole") is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in various academic disciplines.

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Unlicensed assistive personnel

Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is a class of paraprofessionals who assist individuals with physical disabilities, mental impairments, and other health care needs with their activities of daily living (ADLs) and provide bedside care—including basic nursing procedures—all under the supervision of a registered nurse, licensed practical nurse or other health care professional.

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Upper class

The upper class in modern societies is the social class composed of people who hold the highest social status, and usuall are also the wealthiest members of society, and also wield the greatest political power.

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Vagrancy

Vagrancy is the condition of a person who wanders from place to place homeless with no regular employment nor income, referred to as a vagrant, vagabond, rogue, tramp or drifter.

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Villein

A villein, otherwise known as cottar, torpare, crofter, is a serf tied to the land in the feudal system.

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Viscount

A viscount (for male) or viscountess (for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status.

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Welfare's effect on poverty

The effect of social welfare on poverty is controversial.

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West Africa

West Africa, also called Western Africa and the West of Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa.

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West Country English

West Country English is one of the English language varieties and accents used by much of the native population of South West England, the area sometimes popularly known as the West Country.

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West Germany

West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; Bundesrepublik Deutschland, BRD) in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 and German reunification on 3 October 1990.

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West Midlands (region)

The West Midlands is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes.

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White British

White British is an ethnicity classification used in the 2011 United Kingdom Census.

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White people

White people is a racial classification specifier, used mostly for people of European descent; depending on context, nationality, and point of view, the term has at times been expanded to encompass certain persons of North African, Middle Eastern, and South Asian descent, persons who are often considered non-white in other contexts.

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White van man

"White van man" is a stereotype used in the United Kingdom for a smaller-sized commercial van driver, typically perceived as a selfish, inconsiderate driver who is mostly petit bourgeois and often aggressive.

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White-collar worker

In many countries (such as Australia, Canada, France, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and United States), a white-collar worker is a person who performs professional, managerial, or administrative work.

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Worcester woman

Worcester woman is a political term used by polling companies in the United Kingdom.

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Working class

The working class (also labouring class) are the people employed for wages, especially in manual-labour occupations and industrial work.

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Working poor

The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line due to lack of work hours and/or low wages.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Yeoman

A yeoman was a member of a social class in late medieval to early modern England.

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Yorkshire dialect

The Yorkshire dialect (also Broad Yorkshire, Tyke, Yorkie, or Yorkshire English) is an English dialect of Northern England spoken in England's historic county of Yorkshire.

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2011 England riots

The 2011 England riots occurred between 6 and 11 August 2011, when thousands of people rioted in several London boroughs and in cities and towns across England.

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British class system, British elite, British elites, British middle class, British social class, British social hierarchy, British social structure, British working class, Class in the UK, Class snobbery, England's working class, English upper class, English upper-class, Middle middle class, Social class in the united kingdom, Social structure of Britain, Social structure of the United Kingdom, Upper class (UK), Upper class English.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_Kingdom

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