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194 relations: Act of Free Choice, Afars and Issas independence referendum, 1977, Albania, Algerian independence referendum, 1962, American Colonization Society, Anjouan independence referendum, 1997, Armenian independence referendum, 1991, Aruban independence referendum, 1977, Associated state, Autonomism (political doctrine), Autonomy, Azerbaijani independence referendum, 1991, Bahraini independence survey, 1970, Balkanization, Bantustan, BBC, BBC News Online, Bermudian independence referendum, 1995, Bonaire status referendum, 1994, Bonaire status referendum, 2004, Bosnian independence referendum, 1992, Bougainvillean independence referendum, 2019, Cambodian referendum, 1945, Cameroon, Cameroonian constitutional referendum, 1958, Catalan declaration of independence, Catalan independence referendum, 2017, Catalan self-determination referendum, 2014, Catalonia, Chadian constitutional referendum, 1958, Ciskei independence referendum, 1980, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cocos (Keeling) Islands status referendum, 1984, Comorian constitutional referendum, 1958, Comorian independence referendum, 1974, Comoros, Constitution, Constitution of France, Croatian independence referendum, 1991, Curaçao status referendum, 1993, Curaçao status referendum, 2005, Dahomeyan constitutional referendum, 1958, Declaration of independence, Decolonization, Disputed territories of Northern Iraq, Djibouti, Donetsk People's Republic, East Timorese independence referendum, 1999, Eritrean independence referendum, 1993, Estonian independence referendum, 1991, ..., Ethnic nationalism, European Union, Falkland Islands, Falkland Islands status referendum, 1986, Faroese independence referendum, 1946, Federated States of Micronesia, French Polynesia, French Polynesian constitutional referendum, 1958, French Somaliland constitutional referendum, 1958, French Somaliland independence referendum, 1967, French Sudan constitutional referendum, 1958, Gabon, Gabonese constitutional referendum, 1958, Georgian independence referendum, 1991, Guam, Guamanian status referendum, 1976, Guamanian status referendum, January 1982, Guinean constitutional referendum, 1958, Icelandic sovereignty referendum, 1918, Independence, International community, Iran, Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum, 2005, Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum, 2017, Ivorian constitutional referendum, 1958, Kingdom of Iceland, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Kosovan independence referendum, 1991, Latvian independence and democracy referendum, 1991, Leading question, Liberian independence referendum, 1846, List of nationalist organizations, List of states with limited recognition, Lists of active separatist movements, Lithuanian independence referendum, 1991, Luhansk People's Republic, Macedonian independence referendum, 1991, Malagasy constitutional referendum, 1958, Mali, Maltese constitutional referendum, 1964, Marshallese Compact of Free Association referendum, 1983, Maryland independence referendum, 1853, Maryland State Colonization Society, Mauritania, Mauritanian constitutional referendum, 1958, Mayotte, Micronation, Micronesian Compact of Free Association referendum, 1983, Milton Cato, Moldovan referendum, 1994, Mongolian independence referendum, 1945, Montenegrin independence referendum, 1992, Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006, Moyen-Congo constitutional referendum, 1958, Nagorno-Karabakh independence referendum, 1991, Nationalism, Nevis independence referendum, 1977, Nevis independence referendum, 1998, Nevis Reformation Party, New Caledonia, New Caledonian constitutional referendum, 1958, New Caledonian independence referendum, 1987, New Caledonian independence referendum, 2018, Nigerien constitutional referendum, 1958, Niuean constitutional referendum, 1974, Northern Mariana Islands, Northern Mariana Islands status referendum, 1969, Norwegian union dissolution referendum, 1905, Open ballot system, Palauan Compact of Free Association referendum, 1983, Palauan Compact of Free Association referendum, 1984, Parti Québécois, Plebiscito.eu, Political status of the Cook Islands and Niue, Principality of Seborga, Provisional Government of the French Republic, Puerto Rican status referendum, 1967, Puerto Rican status referendum, 1993, Puerto Rican status referendum, 1998, Puerto Rican status referendum, 2012, Puerto Rican status referendum, 2017, Quebec, Quebec referendum, 1980, Quebec referendum, 1995, Referendum, Republic of Kosova, Republic of Maryland, Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence, Saar Statute referendum, 1955, Saban status referendum, 1994, Saban status referendum, 2004, Saint Pierre and Miquelon constitutional referendum, 1958, Saint Vincent Labour Party, Samoan referendum, 1961, Scottish independence referendum, 2014, Scottish National Party, Secession, Self-determination, Self-proclaimed, Senegal, Senegalese constitutional referendum, 1958, Separatism, Sint Eustatius status referendum, 1994, Sint Eustatius status referendum, 2005, Sint Eustatius status referendum, 2014, Sint Maarten status referendum, 1994, Sint Maarten status referendum, 2000, Slovenia, Slovenian independence referendum, 1990, South Africa, South Ossetian independence referendum, 1992, South Ossetian independence referendum, 2006, South Region, Brazil, South Sudanese independence referendum, 2011, Southern Rhodesian independence referendum, 1964, Sovereign state, Sovereignty, Spain, Succession of states, Territorial integrity, Territory, Tokelauan self-determination referendum, 2006, Tokelauan self-determination referendum, 2007, Transnistrian independence referendum, 1991, Transnistrian independence referendum, 2006, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands status referendum, 1975, Turkmen independence referendum, 1991, Turkmenistan, Ubangi-Shari constitutional referendum, 1958, Ukrainian independence referendum, 1991, Unilateral declaration of independence, Union between Sweden and Norway, United Kingdom, United Nations, United States Virgin Islands status referendum, 1993, Upper Voltan constitutional referendum, 1958, Uzbek independence election, 1991, Venetian autonomy referendum, 2017, Venetian independence referendum, 2014, Voting age, Wars of national liberation, West Germany, Western Australia, Western Australian secession referendum, 1933. 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Act of Free Choice
The Act of Free Choice (Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat, PEPERA, Determination of the People's Opinion), often disparagingly referred to as the "Act of No Choice", was a series of eight regional assemblies from July to August 1969 by which Indonesia asserts that the Western New Guinea population decided to relinquish their sovereignty in favor of Indonesian citizenship.
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Afars and Issas independence referendum, 1977
An independence referendum was held in the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas on 8 May 1977 alongside an election for a Constituent Assembly.
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Albania
Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.
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Algerian independence referendum, 1962
An independence referendum was held in French Algeria on 1 July 1962.
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American Colonization Society
The Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America, commonly known as the American Colonization Society (ACS), was a group established in 1816 by Robert Finley of New Jersey which supported the migration of free African Americans to the continent of Africa.
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Anjouan independence referendum, 1997
An independence referendum was held on Anjouan, an island in the Comoros, on 26 October 1997.
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Armenian independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in the Republic of Armenia on 21 September 1991, and was to determine if voters were in favour of independence from the Soviet Union.
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Aruban independence referendum, 1977
An independence referendum was held in Aruba on 25 March 1977.
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Associated state
An associated state is the minor partner in a formal, free relationship between a political territory with a degree of statehood and a (usually larger) nation, for which no other specific term, such as protectorate, is adopted.
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Autonomism (political doctrine)
Autonomism is a doctrine which supports acquiring or preserving political autonomy of a nation or a region.
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Autonomy
In development or moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, un-coerced decision.
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Azerbaijani independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in Azerbaijan on 29 December 1991, three days after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
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Bahraini independence survey, 1970
An independence survey was held in the Persian Gulf island nation of Bahrain during 1970.
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Balkanization
Balkanization, or Balkanisation, is a geopolitical term used to describe the process of fragmentation or division of a region or state into smaller regions or states that are often hostile or uncooperative with one another.
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Bantustan
A Bantustan (also known as Bantu homeland, black homeland, black state or simply homeland) was a territory set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia), as part of the policy of apartheid.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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BBC News Online
BBC News Online is the website of BBC News, the division of the BBC responsible for newsgathering and production.
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Bermudian independence referendum, 1995
The Bermudan independence referendum of 1995 was a referendum held in Bermuda on 16 August 1995 over whether Bermuda should become an independent sovereign state or remain a British Dependent Territory.
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Bonaire status referendum, 1994
A status referendum was held on the island of Bonaire on 21 October 1994.
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Bonaire status referendum, 2004
A status referendum was held on the island of Bonaire on 10 September 2004.
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Bosnian independence referendum, 1992
An independence referendum was held in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 29 February and 1 March 1992, following the first free elections of 1990 and the rise of ethnic tensions that led to the breakup of Yugoslavia.
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Bougainvillean independence referendum, 2019
The Government of Papua New Guinea and the Autonomous Bougainville Government have agreed to set a target date for an independence referendum for 15 June 2019 in Bougainville.
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Cambodian referendum, 1945
A six-issue referendum was held in Cambodia on 3 October 1945.
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Cameroon
No description.
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Cameroonian constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in French Cameroons on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Catalan declaration of independence
The Catalan declaration of independence (Declaració d'independència de Catalunya; Declaración de independencia de Cataluña) was a resolution that was passed by the Parliament of Catalonia on 27 October 2017, which declared the independence of Catalonia from Spain and the founding of an independent Catalan Republic.
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Catalan independence referendum, 2017
The Catalan independence referendum of 2017, also known by the numeronym 1-O (for "1 October") in Spanish media, was an independence referendum held on 1 October 2017 in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia, passed by the Parliament of Catalonia as the Law on the Referendum on Self-determination of Catalonia and called by the Generalitat de Catalunya.
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Catalan self-determination referendum, 2014
No description.
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Catalonia
Catalonia (Catalunya, Catalonha, Cataluña) is an autonomous community in Spain on the northeastern extremity of the Iberian Peninsula, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.
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Chadian constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Chad on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Ciskei independence referendum, 1980
An independence referendum was held in the South African Bantustan of Ciskei on 4 December 1980.
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Cocos (Keeling) Islands
The Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands is an Australian external territory in the Indian Ocean, comprising a small archipelago approximately midway between Australia and Sri Lanka.
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Cocos (Keeling) Islands status referendum, 1984
A status referendum was held in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands on 6 April 1984.
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Comorian constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in the Comoros on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Comorian independence referendum, 1974
An independence referendum was held in the Comoros on 22 December 1974.
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Comoros
The Comoros (جزر القمر), officially the Union of the Comoros (Comorian: Udzima wa Komori, Union des Comores, الاتحاد القمري), is a sovereign archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel off the eastern coast of Africa between northeastern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar.
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Constitution
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.
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Constitution of France
The current Constitution of France was adopted on 4 October 1958.
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Croatian independence referendum, 1991
Croatia held an independence referendum on 19 May 1991, following the Croatian parliamentary elections of 1990 and the rise of ethnic tensions that led to the breakup of Yugoslavia.
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Curaçao status referendum, 1993
A status referendum was held on the island of Curaçao on 19 November 1993.
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Curaçao status referendum, 2005
A status referendum was held on the island of Curaçao on 8 April 2005.
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Dahomeyan constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Dahomey on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Declaration of independence
A declaration of independence or declaration of statehood is an assertion by a defined territory that it is independent and constitutes a state.
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Decolonization
Decolonization (American English) or decolonisation (British English) is the undoing of colonialism: where a nation establishes and maintains its domination over one or more other territories.
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Disputed territories of Northern Iraq
The disputed territories of Northern Iraq are regions defined by article 140 of the Constitution of Iraq as being Arabised during the Baath Party rule in Iraq.
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Djibouti
Djibouti (جيبوتي, Djibouti, Jabuuti, Gabuuti), officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country located in the Horn of Africa.
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Donetsk People's Republic
The Donetsk People's Republic (DPR or DNR, dɐˈnʲɛtskəjə nɐˈrodnəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə, Донецька Народна Республіка) is a proto-state in the Donetsk Oblast of Ukraine recognized only by the partially recognized South Ossetia.
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East Timorese independence referendum, 1999
An independence referendum was held in East Timor on 30 August 1999.
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Eritrean independence referendum, 1993
An independence referendum was held in Eritrea between 23 and 25 April 1993.
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Estonian independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in Estonia on 3 March 1991,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p574 alongside a similar referendum in Latvia the same month.
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Ethnic nationalism
Ethnic nationalism, also known as ethno-nationalism, is a form of nationalism wherein the nation is defined in terms of ethnicity.
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) is an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf.
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Falkland Islands status referendum, 1986
An unofficial status referendum was held in the Falkland Islands on 2 April 1986.
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Faroese independence referendum, 1946
An independence referendum was held in the Faroe Islands on 14 September 1946.
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Federated States of Micronesia
The Federated States of Micronesia (abbreviated FSM and also known simply as Micronesia) is an independent sovereign island nation and a United States associated state consisting of four states from west to east, Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei and Kosraethat are spread across the Western Pacific Ocean.
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French Polynesia
French Polynesia (Polynésie française; Pōrīnetia Farāni) is an overseas collectivity of the French Republic; collectivité d'outre-mer de la République française (COM), sometimes unofficially referred to as an overseas country; pays d'outre-mer (POM).
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French Polynesian constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in French Polynesia on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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French Somaliland constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in French Somaliland on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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French Somaliland independence referendum, 1967
An independence referendum was held in French Somaliland on 19 March 1967.
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French Sudan constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in French Sudan on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Gabon
Gabon, officially the Gabonese Republic (République gabonaise), is a sovereign state on the west coast of Central Africa.
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Gabonese constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Gabon on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Georgian independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic on 31 March 1991.
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Guam
Guam (Chamorro: Guåhån) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States in Micronesia in the western Pacific Ocean.
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Guamanian status referendum, 1976
A referendum on the territory's status was held in Guam on 4 September 1976.
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Guamanian status referendum, January 1982
A referendum on the territory's status was held in Guam on 30 January 1982.
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Guinean constitutional referendum, 1958
A constitutional referendum was held in Guinea on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum across the French Union (and France itself) on whether to adopt the new French Constitution; if accepted, colonies would become part of the new French Community; if rejected, the territory would be granted independence.
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Icelandic sovereignty referendum, 1918
A referendum on the Act of Union was held in Iceland on 19 October 1918.
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Independence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state in which its residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over the territory.
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International community
The international community is a phrase used in geopolitics and international relations to refer to a broad group of people and governments of the world.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum, 2005
An informal independence referendum for Iraqi Kurdistan was held on 30 January 2005, with final results showing the vast majority of votes, 98.98 percent, cast in favour of independence.
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Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum, 2017
An independence referendum for Iraqi Kurdistan was held on 25 September 2017, with preliminary results showing approximately 93.25 percent of votes cast in favour of independence.
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Ivorian constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Ivory Coast on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Kingdom of Iceland
The Kingdom of Iceland (Konungsríkið Ísland; Kongeriget Island) was a constitutional monarchy, a sovereign and independent country that was established by the Act of Union with Denmark signed on 1 December 1918.
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Kingdom of the Netherlands
The Kingdom of the Netherlands (Koninkrijk der Nederlanden), commonly known as the Netherlands, is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with the large majority of its territory in Western Europe and with several small island territories in the Caribbean Sea, in the West Indies islands (Leeward Islands and Lesser Antilles).
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Kosovan independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in Kosovo, then known as the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija between 26 and 30 September 1991.
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Latvian independence and democracy referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in Latvia on 3 March 1991,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1122 alongside a similar referendum in the Republic of Estonia.
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Leading question
In common law systems that rely on testimony by witnesses, a leading question or suggestive interrogation is a question that suggests the particular answer or contains the information the examiner is looking to have confirmed.
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Liberian independence referendum, 1846
An independence referendum was held in Liberia on 27 October 1846.
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List of nationalist organizations
This is a list of nationalist organizations.
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List of states with limited recognition
A number of polities have declared independence and sought diplomatic recognition from the international community as de jure sovereign states, but have not been universally recognised as such.
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Lists of active separatist movements
Presented below is a list of lists of active, separatist movements.
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Lithuanian independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in the Lithuania on 9 February 1991.
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Luhansk People's Republic
The Luhansk People's Republic (Луганська Народна Республіка), also known as Lugansk People's Republic (lʊˈɡanskəjə nɐˈrodnəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə), usually abbreviated as LPR or LNR, is a landlocked proto-state in eastern Ukraine.
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Macedonian independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in Macedonia on 8 September 1991.
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Malagasy constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Madagascar on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Mali
Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (République du Mali), is a landlocked country in West Africa, a region geologically identified with the West African Craton.
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Maltese constitutional referendum, 1964
A referendum on a new constitution was held in Malta between 2 and 4 May 1964.
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Marshallese Compact of Free Association referendum, 1983
A referendum on the Compact of Free Association was held in the Marshall Islands on 7 September 1983.
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Maryland independence referendum, 1853
An independence referendum was held in the Maryland Colony on 31 January 1853.
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Maryland State Colonization Society
The Maryland State Colonization Society was the Maryland branch of the American Colonization Society, an organization founded in 1816 with the purpose of returning free African Americans to what many Southerners considered greater freedom in Africa.
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Mauritania
Mauritania (موريتانيا; Gànnaar; Soninke: Murutaane; Pulaar: Moritani; Mauritanie), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwestern Africa.
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Mauritanian constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Mauritania on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Mayotte
Mayotte (Mayotte,; Shimaore: Maore,; Mahori) is an insular department and region of France officially named the Department of Mayotte (French: Département de Mayotte).
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Micronation
A micronation, sometimes referred to as a model country or new country project, is an entity that claims to be an independent nation or state but is not recognized by world governments or major international organizations.
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Micronesian Compact of Free Association referendum, 1983
A referendum on the islands' status was held in the Federated States of Micronesia on 21 June 1983.
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Milton Cato
Robert Milton Cato (3 June 1915 – 10 February 1997) was the first Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and also held the offices Premier of Saint Vincent and Chief Minister of Saint Vincent before independence.
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Moldovan referendum, 1994
A referendum on remaining an independent nation was held in Moldova on 6 March 1994.
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Mongolian independence referendum, 1945
An independence referendum was held in the Mongolian People's Republic on 20 October 1945.
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Montenegrin independence referendum, 1992
The Montenegrin independence referendum of March 1, 1992 was the first referendum regarding Montenegrin independence.
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Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006
An independence referendum was held in Montenegro on 21 May 2006.
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Moyen-Congo constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new Constitution of France was held in Moyen-Congo on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Nagorno-Karabakh independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in Nagorno-Karabakh on 10 December 1991.
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Nationalism
Nationalism is a political, social, and economic system characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining sovereignty (self-governance) over the homeland.
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Nevis independence referendum, 1977
An unofficial independence referendum was held in Nevis on 18 August 1977.
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Nevis independence referendum, 1998
An independence referendum was held in Nevis on 10 August 1998.
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Nevis Reformation Party
The Nevis Reformation Party is a Nevis-based political party in Saint Kitts and Nevis.
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New Caledonia
New Caledonia (Nouvelle-Calédonie)Previously known officially as the "Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies" (Territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et dépendances), then simply as the "Territory of New Caledonia" (French: Territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie), the official French name is now only Nouvelle-Calédonie (Organic Law of 19 March 1999, article 222 IV — see). The French courts often continue to use the appellation Territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie.
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New Caledonian constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in New Caledonia on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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New Caledonian independence referendum, 1987
An independence referendum was held in New Caledonia on 13 September 1987.
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New Caledonian independence referendum, 2018
An independence referendum will be held in New Caledonia on 4 November 2018.
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Nigerien constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Niger on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Niuean constitutional referendum, 1974
A constitutional referendum was held in Niue on 3 September 1974.
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Northern Mariana Islands
The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI; Sankattan Siha Na Islas Mariånas; Refaluwasch or Carolinian: Commonwealth Téél Falúw kka Efáng llól Marianas), is an insular area and commonwealth of the United States consisting of 15 islands in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
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Northern Mariana Islands status referendum, 1969
A referendum on the islands' status was held in the Northern Mariana Islands on 9 November 1969.
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Norwegian union dissolution referendum, 1905
A referendum on dissolving the union with Sweden was held in Norway on 13 August 1905.
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Open ballot system
In Nigeria, open ballot system, also known as Option A4, is a voting method in which voters vote openly by queuing or otherwise, indicating the candidate of their choice.
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Palauan Compact of Free Association referendum, 1983
A referendum on the Compact of Free Association was held in Palau on 10 February 1983.
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Palauan Compact of Free Association referendum, 1984
A second referendum on the Compact of Free Association was held in Palau on 4 September 1984, after the previous referendum had failed to achieve the 75% in favour necessary.
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Parti Québécois
The Parti Québécois (French for Quebec Party; PQ) is a sovereignist provincial political party in Quebec in Canada.
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Plebiscito.eu
Plebiscito.eu, originally known as Plebiscite 2013 (Plebiscito 2013, P2013), is a supposedly cross-party nonpartisan committee that campaigns for the independence of Veneto from Italy.
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Political status of the Cook Islands and Niue
The political status of the Cook Islands and Niue is formally defined as being states in free association within the Realm of New Zealand, which is made up of the Cook Islands, Niue, New Zealand, and two of its territories: Tokelau and the Ross Dependency.
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Principality of Seborga
The Principality of Seborga (Italian: Principato di Seborga) is a micronation that claims a area located in the northwestern Italian Province of Imperia in Liguria, near the French border, and about from Monaco.
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Provisional Government of the French Republic
The Provisional Government of the French Republic (gouvernement provisoire de la République française or GPRF) was an interim government of Free France between 1944 and 1946 following the liberation of continental France after Operations ''Overlord'' and ''Dragoon'', and lasted until the establishment of the French Fourth Republic.
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Puerto Rican status referendum, 1967
A referendum on the status of the island was held in Puerto Rico on 23 July 1967.
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Puerto Rican status referendum, 1993
A referendum on the status of the island was held in Puerto Rico on 14 November 1993.
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Puerto Rican status referendum, 1998
A referendum on the political status of Puerto Rico was held on 13 December 1998.
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Puerto Rican status referendum, 2012
A referendum on the political status of Puerto Rico was held in Puerto Rico on November 6, 2012.
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Puerto Rican status referendum, 2017
A referendum on the political status of Puerto Rico was held in Puerto Rico on June 11, 2017.
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Quebec
Quebec (Québec)According to the Canadian government, Québec (with the acute accent) is the official name in French and Quebec (without the accent) is the province's official name in English; the name is.
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Quebec referendum, 1980
The 1980 Quebec independence referendum was the first referendum in Quebec on the place of Quebec within Canada and whether Quebec should pursue a path toward sovereignty.
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Quebec referendum, 1995
The 1995 Quebec independence referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.
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Referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal.
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Republic of Kosova
The Republic of Kosova (Republika e Kosovës) was a self-declared proto-state in 1992.
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Republic of Maryland
The Republic of Maryland (also known variously as the Independent State of Maryland, Maryland-in-Africa, and Maryland in Liberia) was a small country that existed from 1834 to 1857, when it was merged into what is now Liberia.
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Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence
The Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) was a statement adopted by the Cabinet of Rhodesia on 11 November 1965, announcing that Rhodesia, a British territory in southern Africa that had governed itself since 1923, now regarded itself as an independent sovereign state.
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Saar Statute referendum, 1955
A referendum on the Saar statute was held in the Saar Protectorate on 23 October 1955.
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Saban status referendum, 1994
A status referendum was held on the island of Saba on 14 October 1994, alongside simultaneous referendums on Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Sint Maarten.
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Saban status referendum, 2004
A status referendum was held on the island of Saba on 5 November 2004.
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Saint Pierre and Miquelon constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Saint Pierre and Miquelon on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Saint Vincent Labour Party
The Saint Vincent Labour Party was a social democratic political party in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and the ruling party between 1967 and 1972 and again from 1974 until 1984.
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Samoan referendum, 1961
A double referendum on a new constitution and independence took place in Western Samoa on 10 May 1961.
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Scottish independence referendum, 2014
A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on Thursday 18 September 2014.
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Scottish National Party
The Scottish National Party (SNP; Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba, Scots Naitional Pairtie) is a Scottish nationalist and social-democratic political party in Scotland.
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Secession
Secession (derived from the Latin term secessio) is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance.
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Self-determination
The right of people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms.
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Self-proclaimed
Self proclaimed—or, in French, soi-disant—describes a legal title that is recognized by the declaring person but not necessarily by any recognized legal authority.
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Senegal
Senegal (Sénégal), officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country in West Africa.
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Senegalese constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Senegal on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Separatism
A common definition of separatism is that it is the advocacy of a state of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group.
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Sint Eustatius status referendum, 1994
A status referendum was held on the island of Sint Eustatius on 14 October 1994, alongside simultaneous referendums on Bonaire, Saba and Sint Maarten.
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Sint Eustatius status referendum, 2005
A status referendum was held on the island of Sint Eustatius on 8 April 2005.
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Sint Eustatius status referendum, 2014
A status referendum was held in Sint Eustatius on 17 December 2014.
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Sint Maarten status referendum, 1994
A status referendum was held on the island of Sint Maarten in October 1994.
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Sint Maarten status referendum, 2000
A status referendum was held on the island of Sint Maarten on 22 June 2000.
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Slovenia
Slovenia (Slovenija), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene:, abbr.: RS), is a country in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes.
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Slovenian independence referendum, 1990
An independence referendum was held in the Republic of Slovenia on 23 December 1990.
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South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.
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South Ossetian independence referendum, 1992
An independence referendum was held in South Ossetia on 19 January 1992.
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South Ossetian independence referendum, 2006
South Ossetia, a mostly unrecognized republic in the South Caucasus, formerly the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic with its capital in Tskhinvali, held a referendum on independence on November 12, 2006.
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South Region, Brazil
The South Region of Brazil (Região Sul do Brasil) is one of the five regions of Brazil.
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South Sudanese independence referendum, 2011
A referendum took place in Southern Sudan from 9 to 15 January 2011, on whether the region should remain a part of Sudan or become independent.
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Southern Rhodesian independence referendum, 1964
A referendum on independence was held in Southern Rhodesia on 5 November 1964.
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Sovereign state
A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area.
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Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies.
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Spain
Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.
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Succession of states
Succession of states is a theory and practice in international relations regarding successor states.
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Territorial integrity
Territorial integrity is the principle under international law that prohibits states from the use of force against the "territorial integrity or political independence" of another state.
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Territory
A territory is an administrative division, usually an area that is under the jurisdiction of a state.
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Tokelauan self-determination referendum, 2006
The Tokelau self-determination referendum of 2006, supervised by the United Nations, was held from February 11 to February 15, 2006.
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Tokelauan self-determination referendum, 2007
A referendum on self-determination was held in Tokelau on 20 October and on 22–24 October 2007,, 19 October 2007 with the result being that self-governance was rejected.
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Transnistrian independence referendum, 1991
The 1991 referendum in Transnistria took place in Transnistria on 1 December 1991.
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Transnistrian independence referendum, 2006
A double referendum was held in Transnistria on 17 September 2006.
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Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands status referendum, 1975
A referendum on the future status of the islands was held in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands on 8 July 1975.
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Turkmen independence referendum, 1991
An independence referendum was held in Turkmenistan on 26 October 1991.
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Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan (or; Türkmenistan), (formerly known as Turkmenia) is a sovereign state in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.
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Ubangi-Shari constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Ubangi-Shari on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Ukrainian independence referendum, 1991
A referendum on the Act of Declaration of Independence was held in Ukraine on 1 December 1991.
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Unilateral declaration of independence
A unilateral declaration of independence (UDI) is a formal process leading to the establishment of a new state by a subnational entity which declares itself independent and sovereign without a formal agreement with the national state from which it is seceding.
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Union between Sweden and Norway
Sweden and Norway or Sweden–Norway (Svensk-norska unionen; Den svensk-norske union), officially the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, or as the United Kingdoms, was a personal union of the separate kingdoms of Sweden and Norway under a common monarch and common foreign policy that lasted from 1814 until its amicable and peaceful dissolution in 1905.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.
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United States Virgin Islands status referendum, 1993
A status referendum was held in the United States Virgin Islands on 11 October 1993.
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Upper Voltan constitutional referendum, 1958
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Upper Volta on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union.
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Uzbek independence election, 1991
An independence referendum was held in the Republic of Uzbekistan on 29 December 1991, alongside presidential elections.
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Venetian autonomy referendum, 2017
The Venetian autonomy referendum of 2017 took place on 22 October in Veneto, Italy.
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Venetian independence referendum, 2014
The Venetian independence referendum of 2014 was an unofficial, non-binding, online and privately organised poll held among residents of Veneto, one of the 20 regions of Italy, 16–21 March 2014.
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Voting age
A voting age is a minimum age established by law that a person must attain before they become eligible to vote in a public election.
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Wars of national liberation
Wars of national liberation or national liberation revolutions are conflicts fought by nations to gain independence.
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West Germany
West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; Bundesrepublik Deutschland, BRD) in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 and German reunification on 3 October 1990.
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Western Australia
Western Australia (abbreviated as WA) is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia.
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Western Australian secession referendum, 1933
A secession referendum was held on 8 April 1933 in the Australian state of Western Australia, on the proposal that the state withdraw from the Australian Federation.
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Redirects here:
Independence referendum bill, Independence referendums, List of independence referendums.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_referendum
