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116 relations: Abusive power and control, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Addiction, Anhedonia, Animal testing, Animal training, Applied behavior analysis, Autism spectrum, Aversives, B. F. Skinner, Behavior modification, Behavioral contrast, Behavioral medicine, Behaviorism, Behavioural sciences, Biofeedback, Carrot and stick, Cerebral cortex, Chemical synapse, Child grooming, Cholinergic, Classical conditioning, Clinical behavior analysis, Cognitivism (psychology), Compliance (psychology), Consumer demand tests (animals), Contingency management, Criminology, Crocodile tears, Culture of fear, Cycle of abuse, Decision-making, Dendrite, Discrete trial training, Dopamine, Doubt, Drug paraphernalia, Drug withdrawal, Economics, Educational psychology, Educational technology, Edward Thorndike, Emotional blackmail, Ernst Mach, Eurogamer, Experimental analysis of behavior, Exposure therapy, Extinction, Extinction (psychology), Flood, ..., Frontal lobe, Functional analysis (psychology), Gamasutra, Gerontology, Guilt trip, Habituation, Homeostasis, Incentive, Intimidation, Jerzy Konorski, Law of effect, Leadership, Learned industriousness, Learning curve, Matching law, Motivation, Motivational salience, Nagging, Neuron, Neuroplasticity, Nucleus basalis, Operant conditioning chamber, Organizational behavior management, Parkinson's disease, Pavlovian-instrumental transfer, Petty tyranny, Physical dependence, Political philosophy, Preference test, Premack's principle, Profanity, Prolonged exposure therapy, Psychological dependence, Punishment (psychology), Radical behaviorism, Reflex, Reinforcement, Reinforcement learning, Reinforcement sensitivity theory, Relapse, Reward system, Scholarpedia, Self-administration, Sensitization, Silent treatment, Skin gambling, Smile, Social conditioning, Social influence, Society for Quantitative Analysis of Behavior, Spanking, Spontaneous recovery, Substance dependence, Superficial charm, Sympathy, Systematic desensitization, Three-term contingency, Token economy, Tremor, Verbal abuse, Verbal Behavior, Victim playing, Video game addiction, Video game monetization, Visual cortex, Walden Two. Expand index (66 more) »
Abusive power and control
Abusive power and control (also controlling behavior, coercive control and sharp power) is the way that an abusive person gains and maintains power and control over another person, as a victim, in order to subject that person to psychological, physical, sexual, or financial abuse.
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Acceptance and commitment therapy
Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT, typically pronounced as the word "act") is a form of counseling and a branch of clinical behavior analysis.
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Addiction
Addiction is a brain disorder characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.
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Anhedonia
Anhedonia refers to a diverse array of deficits in hedonic function, including reduced motivation or ability to experience pleasure.
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Animal testing
Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study.
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Animal training
Animal training refers to teaching animals specific responses to specific conditions or stimuli.
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Applied behavior analysis
Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a scientific discipline concerned with applying techniques based upon the principles of learning to change behavior of social significance.
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Autism spectrum
Autism spectrum, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a range of conditions classified as neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Aversives
In psychology, aversives are unpleasant stimuli that induce changes in behavior through punishment; by applying an aversive immediately following a behavior, the likelihood of the behavior occurring in the future is reduced.
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B. F. Skinner
Burrhus Frederic Skinner (March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990), commonly known as B. F. Skinner, was an American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher.
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Behavior modification
Behavior modification refers to behavior-change procedures that were employed during the 1970s and early 1980s.
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Behavioral contrast
Behavioral contrast refers to a change in the strength of one response that occurs when the rate of reward of a second response, or of the first response under different conditions, is changed.
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Behavioral medicine
Behavioral medicine is concerned with the integration of knowledge in the biological, behavioral, psychological, and social sciences relevant to health and illness.
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Behaviorism
Behaviorism (or behaviourism) is a systematic approach to understanding the behavior of humans and other animals.
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Behavioural sciences
The term behavioral sciences encompasses the various disciplines that explores the cognitive processes within organisms and the behavioural interactions between organisms in the natural world.
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Biofeedback
Biofeedback is the process of gaining greater awareness of many physiological functions primarily using instruments that provide information on the activity of those same systems, with a goal of being able to manipulate them at will.
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Carrot and stick
The phrase "carrot and stick" is a metaphor for the use of a combination of reward and punishment to induce a desired behavior.
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Cerebral cortex
The cerebral cortex is the largest region of the cerebrum in the mammalian brain and plays a key role in memory, attention, perception, cognition, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness.
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Chemical synapse
Chemical synapses are biological junctions through which neurons' signals can be exchanged to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands.
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Child grooming
Child grooming is befriending and establishing an emotional connection with a child, and sometimes the family, to lower the child's inhibitions with the objective of sexual abuse.
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Cholinergic
In general, the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the ''N'',''N'',''N''-trimethylethanolammonium cation.
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Classical conditioning
Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) refers to a learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food) is paired with a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. a bell).
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Clinical behavior analysis
Clinical behavior analysis (CBA; also called clinical behaviour analysis or third-generation behavior therapy) is a term used to describe the clinical application of behavior analysis (ABA).
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Cognitivism (psychology)
In psychology, cognitivism is a theoretical framework for understanding the mind that gained credence in the 1950s.
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Compliance (psychology)
Compliance refers to a response—specifically, a submission—made in reaction to a request.
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Consumer demand tests (animals)
Consumer demand tests for animals are studies designed to measure the relative strength of an animal's motivation to obtain resources such as different food items.
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Contingency management
Contingency management (CM) is most-widely used in the field of substance abuse, often implemented as part of clinical behavior analysis.
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Criminology
Criminology (from Latin crīmen, "accusation" originally derived from the Ancient Greek verb "krino" "κρίνω", and Ancient Greek -λογία, -logy|-logia, from "logos" meaning: “word,” “reason,” or “plan”) is the scientific study of the nature, extent, management, causes, control, consequences, and prevention of criminal behavior, both on the individual and social levels.
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Crocodile tears
Crocodile tears (or superficial sympathy) is a false, insincere display of emotion such as a hypocrite crying fake tears of grief.
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Culture of fear
Popularized by the American sociologist Barry Glassner, culture of fear (or climate of fear) is the concept that people may incite fear in the general public to achieve political or workplace goals through emotional bias.
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Cycle of abuse
The cycle of abuse is a social cycle theory developed in 1979 by Lenore E. Walker to explain patterns of behavior in an abusive relationship.
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Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several alternative possibilities.
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Dendrite
Dendrites (from Greek δένδρον déndron, "tree"), also dendrons, are branched protoplasmic extensions of a nerve cell that propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.
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Discrete trial training
Discrete trial training (DTT; also called discrete trial instruction or DTI) is a technique used by practitioners of applied behavior analysis (ABA) that was developed by Ivar Lovaas at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
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Dopamine
Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families that plays several important roles in the brain and body.
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Doubt
Doubt is a mental state in which the mind remains suspended between two or more contradictory propositions, unable to assent to any of them.
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Drug paraphernalia
"Drug paraphernalia" is a term, to denote any equipment, product or accessory that is modified for making, using, or concealing drugs, typically for recreational purposes.
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Drug withdrawal
Drug withdrawal is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
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Economics
Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
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Educational psychology
Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning.
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Educational technology
Educational technology is "the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources".
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Edward Thorndike
Edward Lee Thorndike (August 31, 1874 – August 9, 1949) was an American psychologist who spent nearly his entire career at Teachers College, Columbia University.
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Emotional blackmail
Emotional blackmail and FOG (Fear, obligation or guilt), terms coined by psychotherapist Susan Forward, are about controlling people in relationships and the theory that fear, obligation and guilt ("FOG") are the transactional dynamics at play between the controller and the person being controlled.
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Ernst Mach
Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach (18 February 1838 – 19 February 1916) was an Austrian physicist and philosopher, noted for his contributions to physics such as study of shock waves.
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Eurogamer
Eurogamer is a website focused on video game journalism, reviews, and other features.
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Experimental analysis of behavior
The experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) is school of thought in psychology founded on B. F. Skinner's philosophy of radical behaviorism and defines the basic principles used in applied behavior analysis (ABA).
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Exposure therapy
Exposure therapy is a technique in behavior therapy thought to help treat anxiety disorders.
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Extinction
In biology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.
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Extinction (psychology)
Extinction is observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior.
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Flood
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry.
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Frontal lobe
The frontal lobe, located at the front of the brain, is the largest of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the mammalian brain.
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Functional analysis (psychology)
Functional analysis in behavioral psychology is the application of the laws of operant and respondent conditioning to establish the relationships between stimuli and responses.
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Gamasutra
Gamasutra is a website founded in 1997 that focuses on all aspects of video game development.
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Gerontology
Gerontology is the study of the social, cultural, psychological, cognitive, and biological aspects of ageing.
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Guilt trip
A guilt trip is a feeling of guilt or responsibility, especially an unjustified one induced by someone else.
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Habituation
Habituation is a form of learning in which an organism decreases or ceases its responses to a stimulus after repeated or prolonged presentations.
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis is the tendency of organisms to auto-regulate and maintain their internal environment in a stable state.
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Incentive
An incentive is something that motivates an individual to perform an action.
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Intimidation
Intimidation (also called cowing) is intentional behavior that "would cause a person of ordinary sensibilities" to fear injury or harm.
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Jerzy Konorski
Jerzy Konorski (1 December 1903 in Łódź, Congress Poland – 14 November 1973 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish neurophysiologist who further developed the work of Ivan Pavlov by discovering secondary conditioned reflexes and operant conditioning.
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Law of effect
The law of effect is a psychological principle advanced by Edward Thorndike in 1898 on the matter of behavioral conditioning (not then formulated as such) which states that "responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation." This notion is very similar to that of the evolutionary theory, if a certain character trait provides an advantage for reproduction then that trait will persist.
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Leadership
Leadership is both a research area and a practical skill encompassing the ability of an individual or organization to "lead" or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations.
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Learned industriousness
Learned industriousness is a behaviorally rooted theory developed by Robert Eisenberger to explain the differences in general work effort among people of equivalent ability.
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Learning curve
A learning curve is a graphical representation of how an increase in learning (measured on the vertical axis) comes from greater experience (the horizontal axis); or how the more someone (or thing) does something, the better they get at it.
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Matching law
In operant conditioning, the matching law is a quantitative relationship that holds between the relative rates of response and the relative rates of reinforcement in concurrent schedules of reinforcement.
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Motivation
Motivation is the reason for people's actions, desires, and needs.
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Motivational salience
Motivational salience is a cognitive process and a form of attention that motivates, or propels, an individual's behavior towards or away from a particular object, perceived event, or outcome.
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Nagging
Nagging, in interpersonal communication, is repetitious behaviour in the form of pestering, hectoring, or otherwise continuously urging an individual to complete previously discussed requests or act on advice.
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Neuron
A neuron, also known as a neurone (British spelling) and nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
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Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity, also known as brain plasticity and neural plasticity, is the ability of the brain to change throughout an individual's life, e.g., brain activity associated with a given function can be transferred to a different location, the proportion of grey matter can change, and synapses may strengthen or weaken over time.
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Nucleus basalis
The nucleus basalis, also nucleus basalis of Meynert is a group of neurons in the substantia innominata of the basal forebrain which has wide projections to the neocortex and is rich in acetylcholine and choline acetyltransferase.
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Operant conditioning chamber
An operant conditioning chamber (also known as the Skinner box) is a laboratory apparatus used to study animal behavior.
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Organizational behavior management
Organizational behavior management (OBM) is a form of applied behavior analysis (ABA) which applies psychological principles of organizational behavior and the experimental analysis of behavior to organizations to improve individual and group performance and worker safety.
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Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system.
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Pavlovian-instrumental transfer
Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT) is a psychological phenomenon that occurs when a conditioned stimulus (CS, also known as a "cue") that has been associated with rewarding or aversive stimuli via classical conditioning alters motivational salience and operant behavior.
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Petty tyranny
Petty tyrannyPetty tyranny in organizations, Ashforth, Blake, Human Relations, Vol.
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Physical dependence
Physical dependence is a physical condition caused by chronic use of a tolerance forming drug, in which abrupt or gradual drug withdrawal causes unpleasant physical symptoms.
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Political philosophy
Political philosophy, or political theory, is the study of topics such as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of laws by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are needed, what, if anything, makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should take and why, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown, if ever.
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Preference test
A preference test is an experiment in which animals are allowed free access to multiple environments which differ in one or more ways.
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Premack's principle
Premack's principle, or the relativity theory of reinforcement, states that more probable behaviors will reinforce less probable behaviors.
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Profanity
Profanity is socially offensive language, which may also be called swear words, curse words, cuss words, bad language, strong language, offensive language, crude language, coarse language, foul language, bad words, oaths, blasphemous language, vulgar language, lewd language, choice words, or expletives.
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Prolonged exposure therapy
Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) is a form of behavior therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy designed to treat post-traumatic stress disorder, characterized by re-experiencing the traumatic event through remembering it and engaging with, rather than avoiding, reminders of the trauma (triggers).
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Psychological dependence
Psychological dependence is a form of dependence that involves emotional–motivational withdrawal symptoms (e.g., a state of unease or dissatisfaction, a reduced capacity to experience pleasure, or anxiety) upon cessation of drug use or exposure to a stimulus.
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Punishment (psychology)
In operant conditioning, punishment is any change in a human or animal's surroundings that occurs after a given behavior or response which reduces the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future.
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Radical behaviorism
Radical behaviorism, or the conceptual analysis of behavior, was pioneered by B. F. Skinner and is his "philosophy of the science of behavior." It refers to the philosophy behind behavior analysis, and is to be distinguished from methodological behaviorism—which has an intense emphasis on observable behaviors—by its inclusion of thinking, feeling, and other private events in the analysis of human and animal psychology.
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Reflex
A reflex, or reflex action, is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.
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Reinforcement
In behavioral psychology, reinforcement is a consequence that will strengthen an organism's future behavior whenever that behavior is preceded by a specific antecedent stimulus.
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Reinforcement learning
Reinforcement learning (RL) is an area of machine learning inspired by behaviourist psychology, concerned with how software agents ought to take actions in an environment so as to maximize some notion of cumulative reward.
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Reinforcement sensitivity theory
Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposes three brain-behavioral systems that underlie individual differences in sensitivity to reward, punishment, and motivation.
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Relapse
In medicine, relapse or recidivism is a recurrence of a past (typically medical) condition.
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Reward system
The reward system is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., motivation and "wanting", desire, or craving for a reward), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positive emotions, particularly ones which involve pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).
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Scholarpedia
Scholarpedia is an English-language online wiki-based encyclopedia with features commonly associated with open-access online academic journals, which aims to have quality content.
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Self-administration
Self-administration is, in its medical sense, the process of a subject administering a pharmacological substance to him-, her-, or itself.
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Sensitization
Sensitization is a non-associative learning process in which repeated administration of a stimulus results in the progressive amplification of a response.
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Silent treatment
The silent treatment is the refusal of somebody to speak to another person or persons and is often referred to as sulking.
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Skin gambling
In video games, skin gambling is the use of virtual goods, which are most commonly cosmetic elements such as "skins" which have no direct influence on gameplay, as virtual currency to bet on the outcome of professional matches or on other games of chance.
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Smile
A smile is a facial expression formed primarily by flexing the muscles at the sides of the mouth.
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Social conditioning
Social conditioning is the sociological process of training individuals in a society to respond in a manner generally approved by the society in general and peer groups within society.
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Social influence
Social influence occurs when a person's emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others.
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Society for Quantitative Analysis of Behavior
The Society for the Quantitative Analyses of Behavior was founded in 1978 by Michael Lamport Commons and John Anthony Nevin.
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Spanking
Spanking is a common form of corporal punishment involving the act of striking the buttocks of another person to cause physical pain, generally with an open hand.
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Spontaneous recovery
Spontaneous recovery is a phenomenon of learning and memory that was first named and described by Ivan Pavlov in his studies of classical (Pavlovian) conditioning.
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Substance dependence
Substance dependence also known as drug dependence is an adaptive state that develops from repeated drug administration, and which results in withdrawal upon cessation of drug use.
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Superficial charm
Superficial charm (or insincere charm or glib charm) is the tendency to be smooth, engaging, charming, slick and verbally facile.
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Sympathy
Sympathy (from the Greek words syn "together" and pathos "feeling" which means "fellow-feeling") is the perception, understanding, and reaction to the distress or need of another life form.
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Systematic desensitization
Systematic desensitization, also known as graduated exposure therapy, is a type of cognitive behavior therapy developed by South African psychiatrist, Joseph Wolpe.
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Three-term contingency
The three-term contingency (also known as the ABC contingency) in operant conditioning describes the relationship between a behavior, its consequence, and the environmental context.
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Token economy
A token economy is a system of contingency management based on the systematic reinforcement of target behavior.
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Tremor
A tremor is an involuntary, somewhat rhythmic, muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more body parts.
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Verbal abuse
Verbal abuse (verbal attack or verbal assault) is when a person forcefully criticizes, insults, or denounces someone else.
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Verbal Behavior
Verbal Behavior is a 1957 book by psychologist B. F. Skinner, in which he inspects human behavior, describing what is traditionally called linguistics.
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Victim playing
Victim playing (also known as playing the victim, victim card or self-victimization) is the fabrication of victimhood for a variety of reasons such as to justify abuse of others, to manipulate others, a coping strategy or attention seeking.
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Video game addiction
Video game addiction (VGA) has been suggested by some in the medical community as a distinct behavioral addiction characterized by excessive or compulsive use of computer games or video games that interferes with a person's everyday life.
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Video game monetization
Video game monetization is the process by which a video game product returns money for those involved in its creation or copyright ownership.
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Visual cortex
The visual cortex of the brain is a part of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information.
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Walden Two
Walden Two is a utopian novel written by behavioral psychologist B. F. Skinner, first published in 1948.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operant_conditioning
