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139 relations: Aerarium, Agapitus of Palestrina, Alba Longa, Alban Hills, Amber, Amykos, Anna Colonna, Antinous, Antonio Barberini, Apennine Mountains, Argonauts, Artena, Augustus, Baiae, Barberini family, Basilica, Bièvres, Essonne, Bithynia, Boulder, Colorado, Brennus (4th century BC), Bronze, Caeculus, Candide, Capitoline Triad, Carlo Barberini, Carthage, Castel San Pietro Romano, Castor and Pollux, Cave, Lazio, Charity (virtue), Christian, Cicero, Citizenship, Claudius, Claudius Aelianus, Colonna family, Comune, Condottieri, Constantine the Great, Consul, Cyclopean masonry, De Divinatione, Doctor Faustus (novel), Duke of Alba, Erulus, Etruria, Etruscan civilization, Etruscan language, Exedra, Füssen, ..., Fortuna, France, Francesco Barberini (1662–1738), Gaius Marius the Younger, Gallicano nel Lazio, Gauls, Geoffrey Trease, Germany, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Giovanni Vitelleschi, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Gladiator, Gonfalonier of the Church, Hadrian, Heinrich Mann, Hellenistic period, History of gardening, Horace, Italy, Ivory, Juno (mythology), Jupiter (mythology), Labico, Latin League, Latin War, Latium, Lazio, Livy, Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachus, Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, Maffeo Barberini (1631–1685), Marcus Aurelius, Marcus Terentius Varro, Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Monte Soratte, Monti Prenestini, Mosaic, Municipium, National Etruscan Museum, Necropolis, Nepotism, Nile, Nile mosaic of Palestrina, Nymphaeum, Obelisk, Odysseus, Oracle, Phoenicia, Pliny the Younger, Pontine Marshes, Pope, Pope Boniface VIII, Pope Eugene IV, Pope Innocent X, Pope Urban VIII, Pope Urban X, Portico, Poseidon, Praeneste fibula, Principality, Rocca di Cave, Rocca Priora, Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina, Roman villa, Rome, Salting the earth, San Cesareo, Social War (91–88 BC), Suetonius, Sulla, Sulla's second civil war, Sundial, Taddeo Barberini, Telegonus, Theodosius I, Thomas Mann, Tiberius, Tivoli, Lazio, Town square, Valmontone, Vatican Museums, Verrius Flaccus, Via Labicana, Via Praenestina, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, Wars of Castro, World War II, Zagarolo. Expand index (89 more) »
Aerarium
Aerarium (from Latin "aes", in its derived sense of "money") was the name (in full, "aerarium stabulum" - treasure-house) given in Ancient Rome to the public treasury, and in a secondary sense to the public finances.
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Agapitus of Palestrina
Saint Agapitus (Agapito) is venerated as a martyr saint, who died on August 18, perhaps in 274, a date that the latest editions of the Roman Martyrology say is uncertain.
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Alba Longa
Alba Longa (occasionally written Albalonga in Italian sources) was an ancient city of Latium in central Italy, southeast of Rome, in the Alban Hills.
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Alban Hills
The Alban Hills are the site of a quiescent volcanic complex in Italy, located southeast of Rome and about north of Anzio.
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Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin, which has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty since Neolithic times.
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Amykos
In Greek mythology, Amykos (Ἄμυκος), Latinized as Amycus, was the son of Poseidon and the Bithynian nymph Melia.
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Anna Colonna
Anna Colonna (1601–1658) was an Italian noblewoman of the Colonna and Barberini families.
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Antinous
Antinous (also Antinoüs or Antinoös; Ἀντίνοος; 27 November, c. 111 – before 30 October 130) was a Bithynian Greek youth and a favourite, or lover, of the Roman emperor Hadrian.
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Antonio Barberini
Antonio Barberini (5 August 1607 – 3 August 1671) was an Italian Catholic cardinal, Archbishop of Reims, military leader, patron of the arts and a prominent member of the House of Barberini.
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Apennine Mountains
The Apennines or Apennine Mountains (Ἀπέννινα ὄρη; Appenninus or Apenninus Mons—a singular used in the plural;Apenninus has the form of an adjective, which would be segmented Apenn-inus, often used with nouns such as mons (mountain) or Greek ὄρος oros, but just as often used alone as a noun. The ancient Greeks and Romans typically but not always used "mountain" in the singular to mean one or a range; thus, "the Apennine mountain" refers to the entire chain and is translated "the Apennine mountains". The ending can vary also by gender depending on the noun modified. The Italian singular refers to one of the constituent chains rather than to a single mountain and the Italian plural refers to multiple chains rather than to multiple mountains. Appennini) are a mountain range consisting of parallel smaller chains extending along the length of peninsular Italy.
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Argonauts
The Argonauts (Ἀργοναῦται Argonautai) were a band of heroes in Greek mythology, who in the years before the Trojan War, around 1300 BC, accompanied Jason to Colchis in his quest to find the Golden Fleece.
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Artena
Artena is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Italy.
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Augustus
Augustus (Augustus; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August 14 AD) was a Roman statesman and military leader who was the first Emperor of the Roman Empire, controlling Imperial Rome from 27 BC until his death in AD 14.
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Baiae
Baiae (Baia; Baia) was an ancient Roman town situated on the northwest shore of the Gulf of Naples, and now in the comune of Bacoli.
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Barberini family
The Barberini were a family of the Italian nobility that rose to prominence in 17th century Rome.
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Basilica
A basilica is a type of building, usually a church, that is typically rectangular with a central nave and aisles, usually with a slightly raised platform and an apse at one or both ends.
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Bièvres, Essonne
Bièvres is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.
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Bithynia
Bithynia (Koine Greek: Βιθυνία, Bithynía) was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine Sea.
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Boulder, Colorado
Boulder is the home rule municipality that is the county seat and the most populous municipality of Boulder County, and the 11th most populous municipality in the U.S. state of Colorado.
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Brennus (4th century BC)
Brennus (or Brennos) was a chieftain of the Senones.
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Bronze
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12% tin and often with the addition of other metals (such as aluminium, manganese, nickel or zinc) and sometimes non-metals or metalloids such as arsenic, phosphorus or silicon.
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Caeculus
In Roman mythology, Caeculus (meaning "little blind boy", from caecus "blind")Grimal, was a son of Vulcan, and the legendary founder of Praeneste (modern Palestrina).
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Candide
Candide, ou l'Optimisme, is a French satire first published in 1759 by Voltaire, a philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment.
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Capitoline Triad
The Capitoline Triad was a group of three deities who were worshipped in ancient Roman religion in an elaborate temple on Rome's Capitoline Hill (Latin Capitolium).
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Carlo Barberini
Carlo Barberini (1 June 1630 – 2 October 1704) was an Italian Catholic cardinal and member of the Barberini family.
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Carthage
Carthage (from Carthago; Punic:, Qart-ḥadašt, "New City") was the center or capital city of the ancient Carthaginian civilization, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now the Tunis Governorate in Tunisia.
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Castel San Pietro Romano
Castel San Pietro Romano is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about east of Rome.
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Castor and Pollux
Castor and Pollux (or in Greek, Polydeuces) were twin brothers and demigods in Greek and Roman mythology, known together as the Dioscuri.
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Cave, Lazio
Cave is a town and comune in the Latium region of Italy, southeast of Rome.
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Charity (virtue)
In Christian theology charity, Latin caritas, is understood by Thomas Aquinas as "the friendship of man for God", which "unites us to God".
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Christian
A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
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Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, orator, lawyer and philosopher, who served as consul in the year 63 BC.
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Citizenship
Citizenship is the status of a person recognized under the custom or law as being a legal member of a sovereign state or belonging to a nation.
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Claudius
Claudius (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus; 1 August 10 BC – 13 October 54 AD) was Roman emperor from 41 to 54.
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Claudius Aelianus
Claudius Aelianus (Κλαύδιος Αἰλιανός; c. 175c. 235 AD), commonly Aelian, born at Praeneste, was a Roman author and teacher of rhetoric who flourished under Septimius Severus and probably outlived Elagabalus, who died in 222.
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Colonna family
The Colonna family, also known as Sciarrillo or Sciarra, is an Italian noble family.
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Comune
The comune (plural: comuni) is a basic administrative division in Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality.
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Condottieri
Condottieri (singular condottiero and condottiere) were the leaders of the professional military free companies (or mercenaries) contracted by the Italian city-states and the Papacy from the late Middle Ages and throughout the Renaissance.
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Constantine the Great
Constantine the Great (Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus; Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μέγας; 27 February 272 ADBirth dates vary but most modern historians use 272". Lenski, "Reign of Constantine" (CC), 59. – 22 May 337 AD), also known as Constantine I or Saint Constantine, was a Roman Emperor of Illyrian and Greek origin from 306 to 337 AD.
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Consul
Consul (abbrev. cos.; Latin plural consules) was the title of one of the chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently a somewhat significant title under the Roman Empire.
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Cyclopean masonry
Cyclopean masonry is a type of stonework found in Mycenaean architecture, built with massive limestone boulders, roughly fitted together with minimal clearance between adjacent stones and no use of mortar.
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De Divinatione
Cicero's De Divinatione (Latin, "Concerning Divination") is a philosophical treatise in two books written in 44 BC.
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Doctor Faustus (novel)
Doctor Faustus is a German novel written by Thomas Mann, begun in 1943 and published in 1947 as Doktor Faustus: Das Leben des deutschen Tonsetzers Adrian Leverkühn, erzählt von einem Freunde ("Doctor Faustus: The Life of the German Composer Adrian Leverkühn, Told by a Friend").
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Duke of Alba
Duke of Alba de Tormes (Duque de Alba de Tormes), commonly known as Duke of Alba, is a title of Spanish nobility that is accompanied by the dignity of Grandee of Spain.
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Erulus
In Vergil's Aeneid, Erulus is a king of Praeneste.
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Etruria
Etruria (usually referred to in Greek and Latin source texts as Tyrrhenia Τυρρηνία) was a region of Central Italy, located in an area that covered part of what are now Tuscany, Lazio, and Umbria.
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Etruscan civilization
The Etruscan civilization is the modern name given to a powerful and wealthy civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to Tuscany, western Umbria and northern Lazio.
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Etruscan language
The Etruscan language was the spoken and written language of the Etruscan civilization, in Italy, in the ancient region of Etruria (modern Tuscany plus western Umbria and northern Latium) and in parts of Corsica, Campania, Veneto, Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna.
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Exedra
In architecture, an exedra is a semicircular recess or plinth, often crowned by a semi-dome, which is sometimes set into a building's façade or is free-standing.
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Füssen
Füssen is a town in Bavaria, Germany, in the district of Ostallgäu, situated from the Austrian border.
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Fortuna
Fortuna (Fortūna, equivalent to the Greek goddess Tyche) was the goddess of fortune and the personification of luck in Roman religion.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Francesco Barberini (1662–1738)
Francesco Barberini Francesco Barberini (12 November 1662 – 17 August 1738) was an Italian Cardinal of the family of Pope Urban VIII (1623–1644) and of the Princes of Palestrina.
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Gaius Marius the Younger
Gaius Marius Minor, also known in English as Marius the Younger or informally "the younger Marius" (110 BC/108 BC – 82 BC), was a Roman general and politician who became consul in 82 BC alongside Gnaeus Papirius Carbo.
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Gallicano nel Lazio
Gallicano nel Lazio is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about east of Rome at the feet of the Monti Prenestini.
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Gauls
The Gauls were Celtic people inhabiting Gaul in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly from the 5th century BC to the 5th century AD).
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Geoffrey Trease
(Robert) Geoffrey Trease FRSL (11 August 1909 in Nottingham – 27 January 1998 in Bath) was a prolific British writer who published 113 books, mainly for children, between 1934 (Bows Against the Barons) and 1997 (Cloak for a Spy).
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525 – 2 February 1594) was an Italian Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best-known 16th-century representative of the Roman School of musical composition.
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Giovanni Vitelleschi
Giovanni Maria Vitelleschi (died 1 or 2 April 1440) was an Italian cardinal and condottiere.
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Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi; 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, politician and nationalist. He is considered one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland" along with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini. Garibaldi has been called the "Hero of the Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in Brazil, Uruguay and Europe. He personally commanded and fought in many military campaigns that led eventually to the Italian unification. Garibaldi was appointed general by the provisional government of Milan in 1848, General of the Roman Republic in 1849 by the Minister of War, and led the Expedition of the Thousand on behalf and with the consent of Victor Emmanuel II. His last military campaign took place during the Franco-Prussian War as commander of the Army of the Vosges. Garibaldi was very popular in Italy and abroad, aided by exceptional international media coverage at the time. Many of the greatest intellectuals of his time, such as Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and George Sand, showered him with admiration. The United Kingdom and the United States helped him a great deal, offering him financial and military support in difficult circumstances. In the popular telling of his story, he is associated with the red shirts worn by his volunteers, the Garibaldini, in lieu of a uniform.
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Gladiator
A gladiator (gladiator, "swordsman", from gladius, "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals.
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Gonfalonier of the Church
The Gonfalonier of the Church or Papal Gonfalonier (Gonfaloniere della Chiesa, "standard-bearer"; Vexillifer Ecclesiæ) was a military and political office of the Papal States.
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Hadrian
Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus Augustus; 24 January 76 – 10 July 138 AD) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138.
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Heinrich Mann
Luiz (Ludwig) Heinrich Mann (27 March 1871 – 11 March 1950) was a German novelist who wrote works with strong social themes.
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Hellenistic period
The Hellenistic period covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.
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History of gardening
The history of ornamental gardening may be considered as aesthetic expressions of beauty through art and nature, a display of taste or style in civilized life, an expression of an individual's or culture's philosophy, and sometimes as a display of private status or national pride—in private and public landscapes.
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Horace
Quintus Horatius Flaccus (December 8, 65 BC – November 27, 8 BC), known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian).
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Italy
Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Ivory
Ivory is a hard, white material from the tusks (traditionally elephants') and teeth of animals, that can be used in art or manufacturing.
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Juno (mythology)
Juno (Latin: IVNO, Iūnō) is an ancient Roman goddess, the protector and special counselor of the state.
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Jupiter (mythology)
Jupiter (from Iūpiter or Iuppiter, *djous “day, sky” + *patēr “father," thus "heavenly father"), also known as Jove gen.
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Labico
Labico is a comune (municipality) of about 6,200 inhabitants in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about southeast of Rome.
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Latin League
The Latin League (Foedus Latinum; c. 7th century BC – 338 BC)Stearns, Peter N. (2001) The Encyclopedia of World History, Houghton Mifflin.
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Latin War
The (Second) Latin War (340–338 BC)The Romans customarily dated events by noting which consuls held office that year, The Latin War broke out in the year in which Titus Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus and Publius Decius Mus were consuls, and ended when Lucius Furius Camillus and Gaius Maenius were consuls.
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Latium
Latium is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.
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Lazio
Lazio (Latium) is one of the 20 administrative regions of Italy.
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Livy
Titus Livius Patavinus (64 or 59 BCAD 12 or 17) – often rendered as Titus Livy, or simply Livy, in English language sources – was a Roman historian.
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Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachus
Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachus signo Phosphorius (died 376) was an aristocrat of the Roman Empire, and father of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus.
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Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
Lucius Quinctius or Quintius Cincinnatus (– BC) was a Roman patrician, statesman, and military leader of the early Republic who became a legendary figure of Roman virtues—particularly Roman manliness and civic virtue—by the time of the Empire.
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Maffeo Barberini (1631–1685)
Maffeo Barberini (19 August 1631 – 28 November 1685) was an Italian nobleman of the Barberini and Prince of Palestrina.
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Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180 AD) was Roman emperor from, ruling jointly with his adoptive brother, Lucius Verus, until Verus' death in 169, and jointly with his son, Commodus, from 177.
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Marcus Terentius Varro
Marcus Terentius Varro (116 BC – 27 BC) was an ancient Roman scholar and writer.
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Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus
Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus (c. 116 – soon after 56 BC), younger brother of the more famous Lucius Licinius Lucullus, was a supporter of Lucius Cornelius Sulla and consul of ancient Rome in 73 BC.
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Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
The administrative area of the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital (Città metropolitana di Roma Capitale) is one of the constitutional Metropolitan cities of Italy in the Lazio region, Italy.
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Monte Soratte
Monte Soratte (ancient: Soracte) is a mountain ridge in the province of Rome, Italy.
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Monti Prenestini
The Monti Prenestini is a mountain range in the Lazio sub-Apennines, in central Italy to the east of Rome.
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Mosaic
A mosaic is a piece of art or image made from the assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials.
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Municipium
Municipium (pl. municipia) was the Latin term for a town or city.
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National Etruscan Museum
The National Etruscan Museum (Museo Nazionale Etrusco) is a museum of the Etruscan civilization, housed in the Villa Giulia in Rome, Italy.
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Necropolis
A necropolis (pl. necropoleis) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments.
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Nepotism
Nepotism is based on favour granted to relatives in various fields, including business, politics, entertainment, sports, religion and other activities.
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Nile
The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.
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Nile mosaic of Palestrina
The Nile Mosaic of Palestrina. The Palestrina Mosaic or Nile mosaic of Palestrina is a late Hellenistic floor mosaic depicting the Nile in its passage from the Blue Nile to the Mediterranean.
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Nymphaeum
A nymphaeum or nymphaion (νυμφαῖον), in ancient Greece and Rome, was a monument consecrated to the nymphs, especially those of springs.
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Obelisk
An obelisk (from ὀβελίσκος obeliskos; diminutive of ὀβελός obelos, "spit, nail, pointed pillar") is a tall, four-sided, narrow tapering monument which ends in a pyramid-like shape or pyramidion at the top.
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Odysseus
Odysseus (Ὀδυσσεύς, Ὀδυσεύς, Ὀdysseús), also known by the Latin variant Ulysses (Ulixēs), is a legendary Greek king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem the Odyssey.
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Oracle
In classical antiquity, an oracle was a person or agency considered to provide wise and insightful counsel or prophetic predictions or precognition of the future, inspired by the god.
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Phoenicia
Phoenicia (or; from the Φοινίκη, meaning "purple country") was a thalassocratic ancient Semitic civilization that originated in the Eastern Mediterranean and in the west of the Fertile Crescent.
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Pliny the Younger
Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, born Gaius Caecilius or Gaius Caecilius Cilo (61 – c. 113), better known as Pliny the Younger, was a lawyer, author, and magistrate of Ancient Rome.
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Pontine Marshes
Lake Fogliano, a coastal lagoon in the Pontine Plain. The Pontine Marshes, termed in Latin Pomptinus Ager by Titus Livius, Pomptina Palus (singular) and Pomptinae Paludes (plural) by Pliny the Elder,Natural History 3.59.
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Pope
The pope (papa from πάππας pappas, a child's word for "father"), also known as the supreme pontiff (from Latin pontifex maximus "greatest priest"), is the Bishop of Rome and therefore ex officio the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church.
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Pope Boniface VIII
Pope Boniface VIII (Bonifatius VIII; born Benedetto Caetani (c. 1230 – 11 October 1303), was Pope from 24 December 1294 to his death in 1303. He organized the first Catholic "jubilee" year to take place in Rome and declared that both spiritual and temporal power were under the pope's jurisdiction, and that kings were subordinate to the power of the Roman pontiff. Today, he is probably best remembered for his feuds with King Philip IV of France, who caused the Pope's death, and Dante Alighieri, who placed the pope in the Eighth Circle of Hell in his Divine Comedy, among the simoniacs.
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Pope Eugene IV
Pope Eugene IV (Eugenius IV; 1383 – 23 February 1447), born Gabriele Condulmer, was Pope from 3 March 1431 to his death in 1447.
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Pope Innocent X
Pope Innocent X (Innocentius X; 6 May 1574 – 7 January 1655), born Giovanni Battista Pamphilj (or Pamphili), was Pope from 15 September 1644 to his death in 1655.
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Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII (Urbanus VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644) reigned as Pope from 6 August 1623 to his death in 1644.
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Pope Urban X
Pope Urban X is a fictional pope created by French writer Voltaire in his book Candide.
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Portico
A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls.
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Poseidon
Poseidon (Ποσειδῶν) was one of the Twelve Olympians in ancient Greek religion and myth.
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Praeneste fibula
The Praeneste fibula (the "brooch of Palestrina") is a golden ''fibula'' or brooch, today housed in the Museo Preistorico Etnografico Luigi Pigorini in Rome.
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Principality
A principality (or princedom) can either be a monarchical feudatory or a sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of prince or by a monarch with another title within the generic use of the term prince.
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Rocca di Cave
Rocca di Cave is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about east of Rome.
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Rocca Priora
Rocca Priora is a small town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, Italy.
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Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina
The Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina, (Lat:Diocesis Praenestina), is a Roman Catholic suburbicarian diocese centered on the comune of Palestrina in Italy.
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Roman villa
A Roman villa was a country house built for the upper class in the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, similar in form to the hacienda estates in the colonies of the Spanish Empire.
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Rome
Rome (Roma; Roma) is the capital city of Italy and a special comune (named Comune di Roma Capitale).
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Salting the earth
Salting the earth, or sowing with salt, is the ritual of spreading salt on conquered cities to symbolize a curse on their re-inhabitation.
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San Cesareo
San Cesareo (Ad Statuas or Statio ad Statuas) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome.
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Social War (91–88 BC)
The Social War (from socii ("allies"), thus Bellum Sociale; also called the Italian War, the War of the Allies or the Marsic War) was a war waged from 91 to 88 BC between the Roman Republic and several of the other cities in Italy, which prior to the war had been Roman allies for centuries.
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Suetonius
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly known as Suetonius (c. 69 – after 122 AD), was a Roman historian belonging to the equestrian order who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire.
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Sulla
Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (c. 138 BC – 78 BC), known commonly as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman.
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Sulla's second civil war
Sulla's second civil war was one of a series of civil wars of ancient Rome.
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Sundial
A sundial is a device that tells the time of day when there is sunlight by the apparent position of the Sun in the sky.
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Taddeo Barberini
Taddeo Barberini (1603–1647) was an Italian nobleman of the House of Barberini who became Prince of Palestrina and Gonfalonier of the Church; commander of the Papal Army.
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Telegonus
Telegonus (Greek: Τηλέγονος, "born afar") is the name of three different characters in Greek mythology.
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Theodosius I
Theodosius I (Flavius Theodosius Augustus; Θεοδόσιος Αʹ; 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also known as Theodosius the Great, was Roman Emperor from AD 379 to AD 395, as the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and the western halves of the Roman Empire. On accepting his elevation, he campaigned against Goths and other barbarians who had invaded the empire. His resources were not equal to destroy them, and by the treaty which followed his modified victory at the end of the Gothic War, they were established as Foederati, autonomous allies of the Empire, south of the Danube, in Illyricum, within the empire's borders. He was obliged to fight two destructive civil wars, successively defeating the usurpers Magnus Maximus and Eugenius, not without material cost to the power of the empire. He also issued decrees that effectively made Nicene Christianity the official state church of the Roman Empire."Edict of Thessalonica": See Codex Theodosianus XVI.1.2 He neither prevented nor punished the destruction of prominent Hellenistic temples of classical antiquity, including the Temple of Apollo in Delphi and the Serapeum in Alexandria. He dissolved the order of the Vestal Virgins in Rome. In 393, he banned the pagan rituals of the Olympics in Ancient Greece. After his death, Theodosius' young sons Arcadius and Honorius inherited the east and west halves respectively, and the Roman Empire was never again re-united, though Eastern Roman emperors after Zeno would claim the united title after Julius Nepos' death in 480 AD.
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Thomas Mann
Paul Thomas Mann (6 June 1875 – 12 August 1955) was a German novelist, short story writer, social critic, philanthropist, essayist, and the 1929 Nobel Prize in Literature laureate.
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Tiberius
Tiberius (Tiberius Caesar Divi Augusti filius Augustus; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March 37 AD) was Roman emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD, succeeding the first emperor, Augustus.
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Tivoli, Lazio
Tivoli (Tibur) is a town and comune in Lazio, central Italy, about east-north-east of Rome, at the falls of the Aniene river where it issues from the Sabine hills.
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Town square
A town square is an open public space commonly found in the heart of a traditional town used for community gatherings.
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Valmontone
Valmontone is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Lazio, located about southeast of Rome.
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Vatican Museums
The Vatican Museums (Musei Vaticani; Musea Vaticana) are Christian and art museums located within the city boundaries of the Vatican City.
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Verrius Flaccus
Marcus Verrius Flaccus (c. 55 BC – AD 20) was a Roman grammarian and teacher who flourished under Augustus and Tiberius.
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Via Labicana
The Via Labicana was an ancient road of Italy, leading east-southeast from Rome.
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Via Praenestina
The Via Praenestina (modern Italian: Via Prenestina) was an ancient Roman road in central Italy.
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Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
Victor Emmanuel II (Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso di Savoia; 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878) was King of Sardinia from 1849 until 17 March 1861.
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Wars of Castro
The Wars of Castro were a series of conflicts during the mid-17th century revolving around the ancient city of Castro (located in present-day Lazio, Italy), which eventually resulted in the city's destruction on 2 September 1649.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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Zagarolo
Zagarolo is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, in the region of Lazio of central Italy.
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Redirects here:
Fortuna Primigenia, Palestrina (RM), Palestrina, Rome, Praeneste, Preneste, Præneste.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestrina
