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51 relations: Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, Al-Hakam II, Al-Hakim II, Albelda, Almanzor, Andregoto Galíndez, Arabic numerals, Auria, Aznar Galíndez II, Basque language, Battle of Estercuel, Battle of Rueda, Battle of Torrevicente, Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma, Caliphate of Córdoba, Catholic Church, Córdoba, Spain, Codex Vigilanus, Councils of Toledo, County of Aragon, Fernando Bermúdez de Cea, Fernán González of Castile, Fortún Garcés of Pamplona, Fortún Jiménez (count), Galindo Aznárez I, Galindo Aznárez II, García Íñiguez of Pamplona, García Jiménez of Pamplona, García Sánchez I of Pamplona, García Sánchez II of Pamplona, Gonzalo Sánchez of Aragon, Hisham II, Illuminated manuscript, Jiménez dynasty, Kingdom of Castile, Kingdom of León, Kingdom of Navarre, Kingdom of Viguera, List of Navarrese monarchs, Onneca Fortúnez, Ramiro III of León, Royal Monastery of San Juan de la Peña, San Esteban de Gormaz, San Millán de la Cogolla, Sancho I of Pamplona, Soria, Toda of Pamplona, Tordesillas, Umayyad Caliphate, Urraca Fernández, ..., Visigothic Code. Expand index (1 more) »
Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo
Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo (983 – 3 March 1009), born and died in Córdoba, was the son of Almanzor who became chief minister of Hisham II, Caliph of Córdoba.
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Al-Hakam II
Al-Hakam II (Abū'l-ʿĀs al-Mustansir bi-llāh al-Hakam ibn ʿAbd ar-Rahmān; January 13, 915 – October 16, 976) was the second Umayyad Caliph of Córdoba in Al-Andalus, and son of Abd-ar-Rahman III and Murjan.
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Al-Hakim II
Al-Hakim II (died 1352) was the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo (1341–1352).
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Albelda
Albelda is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain.
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Almanzor
Abu ʿĀmir Muḥammad bin ʿAbdullāh ibn Abi ʿĀmir, al-Ḥājib al-Manṣūr (أبو عامر محمد بن عبد الله بن أبي عامر الحاجب المنصور) (c. 938 – August 8, 1002), better known as Almanzor, was for 24 years (978–1002) the de facto ruler of Muslim Iberia (al-Andalus) under the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (Khilāfat Qurṭuba).
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Andregoto Galíndez
Andregoto Galíndez (literally Lady Goth, daughter of Galindo, from Basque title andre) was daughter of Count Galindo II Aznárez Count of Aragon by his second wife, Sancha Garcés of Pamplona.
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Arabic numerals
Arabic numerals, also called Hindu–Arabic numerals, are the ten digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, based on the Hindu–Arabic numeral system, the most common system for the symbolic representation of numbers in the world today.
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Auria
Auria – also known as Oria – was an early Queen consort of Pamplona.
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Aznar Galíndez II
Aznar Galíndez II was a Count of Aragón (867–893), son and successor of Galindo Aznárez I. Aznar married Oneca, daughter of the king of Pamplona, Garcia Iñíguez, and had three children: his successor, Galindo Aznárez II, a son García, and daughter Sancha, wife of Muhammad al-Tawil, wali of Huesca.
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Basque language
Basque (euskara) is a language spoken in the Basque country and Navarre. Linguistically, Basque is unrelated to the other languages of Europe and, as a language isolate, to any other known living language. The Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, the Basque Country, a region that straddles the westernmost Pyrenees in adjacent parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. The Basque language is spoken by 28.4% of Basques in all territories (751,500). Of these, 93.2% (700,300) are in the Spanish area of the Basque Country and the remaining 6.8% (51,200) are in the French portion. Native speakers live in a contiguous area that includes parts of four Spanish provinces and the three "ancient provinces" in France. Gipuzkoa, most of Biscay, a few municipalities of Álava, and the northern area of Navarre formed the core of the remaining Basque-speaking area before measures were introduced in the 1980s to strengthen the language. By contrast, most of Álava, the western part of Biscay and central and southern areas of Navarre are predominantly populated by native speakers of Spanish, either because Basque was replaced by Spanish over the centuries, in some areas (most of Álava and central Navarre), or because it was possibly never spoken there, in other areas (Enkarterri and southeastern Navarre). Under Restorationist and Francoist Spain, public use of Basque was frowned upon, often regarded as a sign of separatism; this applied especially to those regions that did not support Franco's uprising (such as Biscay or Gipuzkoa). However, in those Basque-speaking regions that supported the uprising (such as Navarre or Álava) the Basque language was more than merely tolerated. Overall, in the 1960s and later, the trend reversed and education and publishing in Basque began to flourish. As a part of this process, a standardised form of the Basque language, called Euskara Batua, was developed by the Euskaltzaindia in the late 1960s. Besides its standardised version, the five historic Basque dialects are Biscayan, Gipuzkoan, and Upper Navarrese in Spain, and Navarrese–Lapurdian and Souletin in France. They take their names from the historic Basque provinces, but the dialect boundaries are not congruent with province boundaries. Euskara Batua was created so that Basque language could be used—and easily understood by all Basque speakers—in formal situations (education, mass media, literature), and this is its main use today. In both Spain and France, the use of Basque for education varies from region to region and from school to school. A language isolate, Basque is believed to be one of the few surviving pre-Indo-European languages in Europe, and the only one in Western Europe. The origin of the Basques and of their languages is not conclusively known, though the most accepted current theory is that early forms of Basque developed prior to the arrival of Indo-European languages in the area, including the Romance languages that geographically surround the Basque-speaking region. Basque has adopted a good deal of its vocabulary from the Romance languages, and Basque speakers have in turn lent their own words to Romance speakers. The Basque alphabet uses the Latin script.
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Battle of Estercuel
The Battle of Estercuel took place on 6 July 975 between the forces of the Kingdom of Viguera, under king Ramiro Garcés, and those of the Caliphate of Córdoba, under the kaid of Zaragoza, al-Tuyibi.
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Battle of Rueda
The Battle of Rueda (981) was a battle of the Spanish Reconquista between the Muslim forces of Al-Andalus, commanded by Almanzor, and the combined forces of the Christian kingdoms of Leon and Navarre, plus the County of Castile, led by King Ramiro III of Leon, García Fernández of Castile and Sancho II of Pamplona.
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Battle of Torrevicente
The Battle of Torrevicente was fought on Saturday, 9 July 981 between a force loyal to the Caliphate of Córdoba under the command of Ibn Abi ‘Amir and a rebel force under Galib ibn Abd al-Rahman and his Christian allies, King Ramiro Garcés of Viguera and Count García Fernández of Castile.
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Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma
Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma is the third-largest municipality in the province of Soria, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain.
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Caliphate of Córdoba
The Caliphate of Córdoba (خلافة قرطبة; trans. Khilāfat Qurṭuba) was a state in Islamic Iberia along with a part of North Africa ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Córdoba, Spain
Córdoba, also called Cordoba or Cordova in English, is a city in Andalusia, southern Spain, and the capital of the province of Córdoba.
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Codex Vigilanus
The Codex Vigilanus or Codex Albeldensis (Spanish: Códice Vigilano or Albeldense) is an illuminated compilation of various historical documents accounting for a period extending from antiquity to the 10th century in Hispania.
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Councils of Toledo
Councils of Toledo (Concilia toletana).
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County of Aragon
The County of Aragon or County of Jaca was a small Frankish marcher county in the central Pyrenean valley of the Aragon river, comprising Ansó, Echo, and Canfranc and centered on the small town of Jaca (Iacca in Latin and Chaca in Aragonese), an area now part of Spain.
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Fernando Bermúdez de Cea
Fernando Bermúdez (died c. 978), the second Count of Cea, was the son of Bermudo Núñez and his wife Argilo.
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Fernán González of Castile
Fernán González (died 970) was the first autonomous count of Castile, son of Gonzalo Fernández de Burgos, who had been named count of Arlanza and the Duero around the year 900, and by tradition a descendant of semi-legendary judge Nuño Rasura.
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Fortún Garcés of Pamplona
Fortún Garcés (Basque: Orti Gartzez; died 922) nicknamed the One-eyed (el Tuerto), and years later the Monk (el Monje), was King of Pamplona from 882 until 905.
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Fortún Jiménez (count)
Fortún Jiménez (943–58) was the count of Aragon at least between 947 and 958.
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Galindo Aznárez I
Galindo Aznárez I (died 867) was Count of Aragón from 844 to 867.
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Galindo Aznárez II
Galindo Aznárez II (died 922) was Count of Aragon (893922), the son of Aznar Galíndez II and his wife Onneca Garcés, daughter of King García Íñiguez of Pamplona.
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García Íñiguez of Pamplona
García Íñiguez I (Latin: Garsea Enneconis, Basque: Gartzea Eneko; c. 805 – 882), also known as García I was the second King of Pamplona from 851-2 until his death.
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García Jiménez of Pamplona
García Jiménez was (sub- or co-)king of a part of Pamplona in the late 9th century.
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García Sánchez I of Pamplona
García Sánchez I (Basque: Gartzea I.a Santxez; c. 919 – 970), also known as García I, was King of Pamplona from 925 until his death in 970.
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García Sánchez II of Pamplona
García Sánchez II (Basque: Gartzea II.a Santxez; dead c. 1000), was King of Pamplona and Count of Aragon from 994 until his death c. 1000.
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Gonzalo Sánchez of Aragon
Gonzalo Sánchez (died 997?) was a younger son of King Sancho II of Pamplona and Queen Urraca Fernández.
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Hisham II
Abu'l-Walid Hisham II al-Mu'ayyad bi-llah (Abū'l-Walīd Hishām al-Muʾayyad bi-ʾllāh) (son of Al-Hakam II and Subh of Cordoba) was the third Umayyad Caliph of Spain, in Al-Andalus from 976–1009, and 1010–13.
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Illuminated manuscript
An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented with such decoration as initials, borders (marginalia) and miniature illustrations.
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Jiménez dynasty
The Jiménez or Giménez/Ximenes, alternatively called the Jimena, the Sancha, the Banu Sancho, the Abarca or the Banu Abarca,Alberto Cañada Juste, "¿Quién fue Sancho Abarca?, Príncipe de Viana, 73: 79-132.
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Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (Reino de Castilla, Regnum Castellae) was a large and powerful state on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages.
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Kingdom of León
The Kingdom of León (Astur-Leonese: Reinu de Llïón, Reino de León, Reino de León, Reino de Leão, Regnum Legionense) was an independent kingdom situated in the northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula.
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Kingdom of Navarre
The Kingdom of Navarre (Nafarroako Erresuma, Reino de Navarra, Royaume de Navarre, Regnum Navarrae), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona (Iruñeko Erresuma), was a Basque-based kingdom that occupied lands on either side of the western Pyrenees, alongside the Atlantic Ocean between present-day Spain and France.
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Kingdom of Viguera
The Kingdom of Viguera (Basque: Viguerako Erresuma) was a small, short-lived kingdom centered on the town of Viguera from 970 to 1005.
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List of Navarrese monarchs
This is a list of the kings and queens of Pamplona, later Navarre.
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Onneca Fortúnez
Onneca Fortúnez or Iñiga FortúnezJayyusi 1992, Fletcher 2006, (c. 848 – after 890)Stasser 1999, was a BasqueBarrucand & Bednorz 1999, princess from the Kingdom of Pamplona, later known as the Kingdom of Navarre.
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Ramiro III of León
Ramiro III (961 – 26 June 985), king of León (966–984), was the son of Sancho the Fat and his successor at the age of only five.
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Royal Monastery of San Juan de la Peña
The monastery of San Juan de la Peña is a religious complex in the town of Santa Cruz de la Serós, at the south-west of Jaca, in the province of Huesca, Spain.
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San Esteban de Gormaz
San Esteban de Gormaz is a municipality in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile-Leon, Spain.
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San Millán de la Cogolla
San Millán de la Cogolla is a sparsely populated municipality in La Rioja, (Spain).
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Sancho I of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés I (Basque: Antso Ia. Gartzez; c. 860 – 10 December 925), also known as Sancho I, was King of Pamplona from 905 until 925.
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Soria
Soria is a municipality and a Spanish city, located on the Douro river in the east of the autonomous community of Castile and León and capital of the province of Soria.
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Toda of Pamplona
Toda Aznárez (Basque: Tota Aznar; 876 – 958), known as Toda of Pamplona, was Queen consort of Pamplona by her marriage with Sancho I of Pamplona.
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Tordesillas
Tordesillas is a town and municipality in the province of Valladolid, Castile and León, central Spain.
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Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلأُمَوِيَّة, trans. Al-Khilāfatu al-ʾUmawiyyah), also spelt, was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad.
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Urraca Fernández
Urraca Fernández (died 1007), was queen consort of two Kings of León and one King of Navarre between 951 and 994.
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Visigothic Code
The Visigothic Code (Latin, Forum Iudicum or Liber Iudiciorum; Spanish, Libro de los Jueces, Book of the Judges), also called Lex Visigothorum (English: Law of the Visigoths) is a set of laws first promulgated by king Chindasuinth (642-653) of the Visigothic Kingdom in his second year of rule (642-643) that survives only in fragments.
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Sancho Abarca, Sancho Garcés II of Pamplona, Sancho II Garces, Sancho II Garcés, Sancho II of Navarra, Sancho II of Navarre, Sancho ii of pamplona.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancho_II_of_Pamplona
