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116 relations: Achaemenid Assyria, Achaemenid Empire, Adeh, Urmia, Agha Petros, Akhteh Khaneh, Akkadian language, Alexander L. George, Amir Abad, Anatolia, Ancient Church of the East, Andre Agassi, Arabs, Armenians, Assyrian Church of the East, Assyrian Evangelical Church, Assyrian genocide, Assyrian International News Agency, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, Assyrian Pentecostal Church, Assyrian Pentecostal Church, Kermanshah, Assyrian people, Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora, Assyrians in Syria, Assyrians in Turkey, Azerbaijanis, Babylonia, Balowlan, Baqubah, Beneil Dariush, Boxing, Bukhtishu, Caucasus, Chaldea, Chaldean Catholic Church, Christianity in Iran, Cimmerians, Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Cyriacus the Anchorite, Eastern Christianity, Elam, Emmanuel Agassi, Eprime Eshag, Eslamshahr, Ethnic minorities in Iran, Ethnoreligious group, Evin Agassi, Federal Research Division, Gavlan, Urmia, George Malek-Yonan, Gol Pashin, ..., Gutian people, History of Iran, Iran, Iranian legislative election, 2004, Iranian peoples, Iranian Revolution, Islamic Consultative Assembly, Jamalabad, Urmia, Kassites, Kermanshah, Khosrowabad, West Azerbaijan, Kurds, Lake Urmia, Library of Congress, List of Assyrian settlements, Major League Soccer, Malik Khoshaba, Mannaeans, Mavana, Medes, Middle Ages, Middle Assyrian Empire, Military of the Ottoman Empire, Minority group, Minority religion, Mushabad, Neo-Aramaic languages, Neo-Assyrian Empire, Old Assyrian Empire, Olympic Games, Ordushahi, Parthia, Parthian Empire, Persian language, Persian people, Ramona Amiri, Religion in Iran, Rosie Malek-Yonan, Russia, Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Urmia, Russian Orthodox Church, Salmas, Sanandaj, Sarnaq, Sasanian Empire, Scythians, Shahrara, Shimun XXI Benyamin, Shirabad, West Azerbaijan, Simko Shikak, Sir, West Azerbaijan, Sopurghan, St. Mary Church, Urmia, Steven Beitashour, Sureh, West Azerbaijan, Syriac language, Tazeh Shahr, Tehran, True Cross, United States Government Publishing Office, Urmia, Urmia Orthodokseta, Washington, D.C., World War I, Yüksekova, Youhannan Semaan Issayi. Expand index (66 more) »
Achaemenid Assyria
Athura (𐎠𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎠 Aθurā), also called Assyria Babylonia, was a geographical area within the Persian Achaemenid Empire held by the last nobility of Aššur (Akkadian), known as Athura (Neo-Aramaic) or Atouria (Greek), during the period of 539 BC to 330 BC as a military protectorate state of Persia under the rule of Cyrus the Great.
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Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.
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Adeh, Urmia
Adeh (اده, also Romanized as Ādeh; also known as Ada and Ādeh-ye Bozorg) is a village in Tala Tappeh Rural District, Nazlu District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Agha Petros
Petros Elia of Baz (ܐܝܠܝܐ ܦܹܛܪܘܼܣ) (April 1880 – 2 February 1932), better known as Agha Petros, was an Assyrian military leader during World War I.
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Akhteh Khaneh
Akhteh Khaneh (اخته خانه, also Romanized as Ākhteh Khāneh or Akhtekhaneh) is a village in Lakestan Rural District, in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Akkadian language
Akkadian (akkadû, ak-ka-du-u2; logogram: URIKI)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.
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Alexander L. George
Alexander L. George (May 31, 1920 Chicago - August 16, 2006 Seattle) was an American behavioral scientist.
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Amir Abad
Amir Abad is a district in the city of Tehran, Iran.
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Anatolia
Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.
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Ancient Church of the East
The Ancient Church of the East (ܥܕܬܐ ܥܬܝܩܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ʿĒdtā ʿAttīqtā d'Maḏnəḥā, كنيسة المشرق القديمة, Kanīsa al-Mašriq al-Qadīma), officially the Ancient Holy Apostolic Catholic Church of the East, is an Eastern Christian denomination founded by Thoma Darmo in 1968.
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Andre Agassi
Andre Kirk Agassi (born April 29, 1970) is an American retired professional tennis player and former world No. 1 who was one of the sport's most dominant players from the early 1990s to the mid-2000s.
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Arabs
Arabs (عَرَب ISO 233, Arabic pronunciation) are a population inhabiting the Arab world.
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Armenians
Armenians (հայեր, hayer) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian Highlands.
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Assyrian Church of the East
The Assyrian Church of the East (ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܐܬܘܖ̈ܝܐ ʻĒdtā d-Madenḥā d-Ātorāyē), officially the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East (ʻEdtā Qaddīštā wa-Šlīḥāitā Qātolīqī d-Madenḥā d-Ātorāyē), is an Eastern Christian Church that follows the traditional christology and ecclesiology of the historical Church of the East.
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Assyrian Evangelical Church
The Assyrian Evangelical Church is a Presbyterian church in the Middle East that attained a status of ecclesiastical independence from the Presbyterian mission in Iran in 1870.
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Assyrian genocide
The Assyrian genocide (also known as Sayfo or Seyfo, "Sword"; ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ or ܣܝܦܐ) refers to the mass slaughter of the Assyrian population of the Ottoman Empire and those in neighbouring Persia by Ottoman troops during the First World War, in conjunction with the Armenian and Greek genocides.
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Assyrian International News Agency
The Assyrian International News Agency is a privately funded, independent news agency which provides news and analysis on Assyrian and Assyrian-related issues.
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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (ܣܘܪܝܬ, sūrët), or just simply Assyrian, is a Neo-Aramaic language within the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family.
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Assyrian Pentecostal Church
No description.
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Assyrian Pentecostal Church, Kermanshah
Pentecostal church in kermanshah is an Assyrian Pentecostal Church in Kermanshah city of Iran.
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Assyrian people
Assyrian people (ܐܫܘܪܝܐ), or Syriacs (see terms for Syriac Christians), are an ethnic group indigenous to the Middle East.
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Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora
The Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora (Syriac: ܓܠܘܬܐ, Galuta, "exile") refers to Assyrians living in communities outside their ancestral homeland.
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Assyrians in Syria
Assyrians in Syria are people of Assyrian descent living in Syria.
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Assyrians in Turkey
Assyrians/Syriacs in Turkey are an indigenous Semitic-speaking ethnic group and minority of Turkey (and also northern Iraq and northeast Syria) with a presence in the region dating to as far back as the 25th century BC, making them the oldest ethnic group in the nation.
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Azerbaijanis
Azerbaijanis or Azeris (Azərbaycanlılar آذربایجانلیلار, Azərilər آذریلر), also known as Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan türkləri آذربایجان تورکلری), are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Iranian region of Azerbaijan and the sovereign (former Soviet) Republic of Azerbaijan.
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Babylonia
Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq).
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Balowlan
Balowlan (بالولان, also Romanized as Bālowlān) is a village in Targavar Rural District, Silvaneh District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Baqubah
Baqubah (ܒܰܩܽܘܒܰܐ, بعقوبة; BGN: Ba‘qūbah; also spelled Baquba and Baqouba) is the capital of Iraq's Diyala Governorate.
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Beneil Dariush
Beneil Khobier Dariush (ܒܢܐܝܠ ܕܪܝܘܫ, بنایل داریوش; born May 6, 1989) is an Iranian-born Assyrian-American professional mixed martial artist who competes in the Lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.
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Boxing
Boxing is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other for a predetermined set of time in a boxing ring.
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Bukhtishu
Bakhtshooa Gondishapoori (also spelled Bukhtishu and Bukht-Yishu in literature) were Persian or Assyrian Nestorian Christian physicians from the 7th, 8th, and 9th centuries, spanning 6 generations and 250 years.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.
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Chaldea
Chaldea or Chaldaea was a Semitic-speaking nation that existed between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BC, after which it and its people were absorbed and assimilated into Babylonia.
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Chaldean Catholic Church
The Chaldean Catholic Church (ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ, ʿīdtha kaldetha qāthuliqetha; Arabic: الكنيسة الكلدانية al-Kanīsa al-kaldāniyya; translation) is an Eastern Catholic particular church (sui juris) in full communion with the Holy See and the rest of the Catholic Church, with the Chaldean Patriarchate having been originally formed out of the Church of the East in 1552.
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Christianity in Iran
Christianity has a long history in Iran, dating back to the early years of the faith, and pre-dating Islam.
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Cimmerians
The Cimmerians (also Kimmerians; Greek: Κιμμέριοι, Kimmérioi) were an ancient people, who appeared about 1000 BC and are mentioned later in 8th century BC in Assyrian records.
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Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 December 1979, and went into force replacing the Constitution of 1906.
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Cyriacus the Anchorite
Saint Cyriacus the Anchorite (also known as 'Cyriacus the Hermit') (Greek: Ὅσιος Κυριάκος ὁ Ἀναχωρητής, Hosios Kyriakos ho Anachōrētēs) was born in Corinth in the year 448.
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Eastern Christianity
Eastern Christianity consists of four main church families: the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Oriental Orthodox churches, the Eastern Catholic churches (that are in communion with Rome but still maintain Eastern liturgies), and the denominations descended from the Church of the East.
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Elam
Elam (Elamite: haltamti, Sumerian: NIM.MAki) was an ancient Pre-Iranian civilization centered in the far west and southwest of what is now modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of what is now Khuzestan and Ilam Province as well as a small part of southern Iraq.
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Emmanuel Agassi
Emanoul Aghassian (Persian: ایمانوئل آغاسيان), Anglicized as Emmanuel "Mike" Agassi (born 25 December 1930 in Salmas, Iran), is a former boxer and the father and former coach of Andre Agassi.
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Eprime Eshag
Eprime Eshag (اپريم اسحاق., born Urmia, Iran, 6 November 1918 – died Oxford, England, 24 November 1998) was an Assyrian-Iranian-born Keynesian socialist economist.
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Eslamshahr
Eslamshahr (اسلامشهر, also romanized as Eslāmshahr), is a city and capital of Eslamshahr County, Tehran Province, Iran.
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Ethnic minorities in Iran
This article focuses on the status of ethnic minorities in contemporary Iran.
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Ethnoreligious group
An ethnoreligious group (or ethno-religious group) is an ethnic group whose members are also unified by a common religious background.
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Evin Agassi
Evin Agassi, also known as Evin Aghassi, Evan or Ewan (Syriac: ܐܝܒܢ ܐܓܣܐ, born September 1945), is an Assyrian-American singer who has become one of the most prolific Assyrian singers releasing over 20 albums during his career.
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Federal Research Division
The Federal Research Division (FRD) is the research and analysis unit of the United States Library of Congress.
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Gavlan, Urmia
Gavlan (گولان, also Romanized as Gavlān) is a village in Anzal-e Jonubi Rural District, Anzal District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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George Malek-Yonan
George Malek-Yonan (1924-2014) was an Iranian Assyrian international attorney, politician and athlete, and father of actress Rosie Malek-Yonan.
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Gol Pashin
Gol Pashin (گل پاشين, also Romanized as Gol Pāshīn; also known as Gol Parchīn) is a village in Bakeshluchay Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Gutian people
The Guti or Quti, also known by the derived exonyms Gutians or Guteans, were a nomadic people of the Zagros Mountains (on the border of modern Iran and Iraq) during ancient times.
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History of Iran
The history of Iran, commonly also known as Persia in the Western world, is intertwined with the history of a larger region, also to an extent known as Greater Iran, comprising the area from Anatolia, the Bosphorus, and Egypt in the west to the borders of Ancient India and the Syr Darya in the east, and from the Caucasus and the Eurasian Steppe in the north to the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Iranian legislative election, 2004
The Iranian parliamentary elections of February 20 and May 7, 2004 were a victory for Islamic conservatives over the reformist parties.
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Iranian peoples
The Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are a diverse Indo-European ethno-linguistic group that comprise the speakers of the Iranian languages.
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Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (Enqelāb-e Iran; also known as the Islamic Revolution or the 1979 Revolution), Iran Chamber.
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Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majlis (or Majles, مجلس), is the national legislative body of Iran.
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Jamalabad, Urmia
Jamalabad (جمال اباد, also Romanized as Jamālābād; also known as Jamlav and Sūlīng) is an Assyrian village in Anzal-e Shomali Rural District, Anzal District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Kassites
The Kassites were people of the ancient Near East, who controlled Babylonia after the fall of the Old Babylonian Empire c. 1531 BC and until c. 1155 BC (short chronology).
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Kermanshah
Kermanshah (کرمانشاه, کرماشان, Kirmashan; Kermānshāh; also known as Bākhtarān or Kermānshāhān), the capital of Kermanshah Province, is located from Tehran in the western part of Iran.
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Khosrowabad, West Azerbaijan
Khosrowabad (خسرواباد, also Romanized as Khosrowābād; also known as Khosrava and Khoskawa) is an Assyrian village in Zulachay Rural District, in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Kurds
The Kurds (rtl, Kurd) or the Kurdish people (rtl, Gelî kurd), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).
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Lake Urmia
Lake Urmia (Daryāĉe Orumiye, Daryāche-ye Orumiye;, Urmiya gölü) is an endorheic salt lake in Iran.
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Library of Congress
The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States.
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List of Assyrian settlements
The following is a list of Assyrian settlements in the Middle East subsequent to the Assyrian genocide in 1914.
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Major League Soccer
Major League Soccer (MLS) is a men's professional soccer league sanctioned by U.S. Soccer that represents the sport's highest level in both the United States and Canada.
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Malik Khoshaba
Malik Khoshaba Yousep (died 1952) was an Assyrian leader (Malik') of the Tyari tribe (Bit Tyareh) who played a significant role during the Assyrian war of independence during World War I Khoshaba led forces in counterattacks against the far larger Ottoman Army and allied Kurdish troops during and after the period known as the Assyrian Genocide with some success.
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Mannaeans
The Mannaeans (country name usually Mannea; Akkadian: Mannai, possibly Biblical Minni, מנּי) were an ancient people who lived in the territory of present-day northwestern Iran south of lake Urmia, around the 10th to 7th centuries BC.
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Mavana
Mavana (موانا, also Romanized as Mavānā, Mawāna, and Movānā; also known as Mavāneh) is an Assyrian village in Targavar Rural District, Silvaneh District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Medes
The Medes (Old Persian Māda-, Μῆδοι, מָדַי) were an ancient Iranian people who lived in an area known as Media (northwestern Iran) and who spoke the Median language. At around 1100 to 1000 BC, they inhabited the mountainous area of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia and located in the Hamadan (Ecbatana) region. Their emergence in Iran is thought to have occurred between 800 BC and 700 BC, and in the 7th century the whole of western Iran and some other territories were under Median rule. Its precise geographical extent remains unknown. A few archaeological sites (discovered in the "Median triangle" in western Iran) and textual sources (from contemporary Assyrians and also ancient Greeks in later centuries) provide a brief documentation of the history and culture of the Median state. Apart from a few personal names, the language of the Medes is unknown. The Medes had an ancient Iranian religion (a form of pre-Zoroastrian Mazdaism or Mithra worshipping) with a priesthood named as "Magi". Later during the reigns of the last Median kings, the reforms of Zoroaster spread into western Iran.
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Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
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Middle Assyrian Empire
The Middle Assyrian Empire is the period in the history of Assyria between the fall of the Old Assyrian Empire in the 14th century BC and the establishment of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in the 10th century BC.
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Military of the Ottoman Empire
The history of the military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods.
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Minority group
A minority group refers to a category of people differentiated from the social majority, those who hold on to major positions of social power in a society.
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Minority religion
A minority religion is a religion held by a minority of the population of a country, state, or region.
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Mushabad
Mushabad (موش اباد, also Romanized as Mūshābād) is an Assyrian village in Tala Tappeh Rural District, Nazlu District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Neo-Aramaic languages
The Neo-Aramaic or Modern Aramaic languages are varieties of the Semitic Aramaic, that are spoken vernaculars from the medieval to modern era that evolved out of Imperial Aramaic via Middle Aramaic dialects, around AD 1200 (conventional date).
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Neo-Assyrian Empire
The Neo-Assyrian Empire was an Iron Age Mesopotamian empire, in existence between 911 and 609 BC, and became the largest empire of the world up till that time.
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Old Assyrian Empire
The Old Assyrian Empire is one of four periods in which the history of Assyria is divided, the other three being the Early Assyrian Period, the Middle Assyrian Period, and the New Assyrian Period.
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Olympic Games
The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.
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Ordushahi
Ordushahi (اردوشاهي, also Romanized as Ordūshāhī; also known as Emām Kandī and Ordoshāhī) is a village in Torkaman Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Parthia
Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅 Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in north-eastern Iran.
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Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran and Iraq.
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Persian language
Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (فارسی), is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family.
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Persian people
The Persians--> are an Iranian ethnic group that make up over half the population of Iran.
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Ramona Amiri
Ramona Rina Amiri (رامونا امیری, born April 16, 1980 in Montreal).
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Religion in Iran
According to the CIA World Factbook, around 90–95%.
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Rosie Malek-Yonan
Rosie Malek-Yonan (b. July 4, 1965) is an Assyrian-American actress, author, director, public figure and activist.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Urmia
The Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Urmia (Русская духовная миссия в Урмии, Orthodox Mission in Urmia, Урмийская духовная миссия) was an Eastern Orthodox mission of the Russian Orthodox Church for ethnic Assyrians who lived in the border regions with Russia, mainly in the Persian Azerbaijan province, and who converted from the Assyrian Church of the East and Chaldean Catholic Church in 1898.
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Russian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Rússkaya pravoslávnaya tsérkov), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskóvskiy patriarkhát), is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox patriarchates.
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Salmas
Salmas (Salmās, Azerbaijani: Sālmās; Romanized as Salmās and Salamas) is the capital of Salmas County, WA (West Azerbaijan Province), Iran.
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Sanandaj
Sanandaj (سنە Sine; سنندج) is the capital of Kurdistan Province in Iran.
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Sarnaq
Sarnaq (سرنق), or Sarna (سارنا), is a village in Zulachay Rural District, in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire, also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire (known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian), was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise of Islam, named after the House of Sasan, which ruled from 224 to 651 AD. The Sasanian Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.Norman A. Stillman The Jews of Arab Lands pp 22 Jewish Publication Society, 1979 International Congress of Byzantine Studies Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies, London, 21–26 August 2006, Volumes 1-3 pp 29. Ashgate Pub Co, 30 sep. 2006 The Sasanian Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Parthian Empire and the defeat of the last Arsacid king, Artabanus V. At its greatest extent, the Sasanian Empire encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Eastern Arabia (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatif, Qatar, UAE), the Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan), the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan), Egypt, large parts of Turkey, much of Central Asia (Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), Yemen and Pakistan. According to a legend, the vexilloid of the Sasanian Empire was the Derafsh Kaviani.Khaleghi-Motlagh, The Sasanian Empire during Late Antiquity is considered to have been one of Iran's most important and influential historical periods and constituted the last great Iranian empire before the Muslim conquest and the adoption of Islam. In many ways, the Sasanian period witnessed the peak of ancient Iranian civilisation. The Sasanians' cultural influence extended far beyond the empire's territorial borders, reaching as far as Western Europe, Africa, China and India. It played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asian medieval art. Much of what later became known as Islamic culture in art, architecture, music and other subject matter was transferred from the Sasanians throughout the Muslim world.
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Scythians
or Scyths (from Greek Σκύθαι, in Indo-Persian context also Saka), were a group of Iranian people, known as the Eurasian nomads, who inhabited the western and central Eurasian steppes from about the 9th century BC until about the 1st century BC.
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Shahrara
Shahrara is a neighbourhood in north-west Tehran, the capital city of Iran.
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Shimun XXI Benyamin
Mar Shimun XXI Benyamin (1887– 3 March 1918) (ܡܪܝ ܒܢܝܡܝܢ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܩܕܡܝܐ.) was a Catholicos Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East.
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Shirabad, West Azerbaijan
Shirabad (شيراباد, also Romanized as Shīrābād) is a village in Nazlu-e Shomali Rural District, Nazlu District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Simko Shikak
Simko Shikak (also known as "Simitquh"; born Ismail Agha Shikak 1887 – 1930) was a Kurdish chieftain of the Shakak tribe.
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Sir, West Azerbaijan
Sir (سير, also Romanized as Sīr) is a village in Baranduz Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Sopurghan
Sopurghan (سپورغان, also Romanized as Sopūrghān; also known as Separghān, Soporghān, and Supurgan) is a village in Tala Tappeh Rural District, Nazlu District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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St. Mary Church, Urmia
St.
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Steven Beitashour
Steven Mehrdad Beitashour (مهرداد بیتآشور; born February 1, 1987) is an Iranian footballer who plays for Los Angeles FC and the Iranian national team as a defender, having previously been called up to the United States national team.
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Sureh, West Azerbaijan
Soureh (سوره, also Romanized as Sūreh and Sawraa) is a village in Zulachay Rural District, in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Syriac language
Syriac (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ), also known as Syriac Aramaic or Classical Syriac, is a dialect of Middle Aramaic.
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Tazeh Shahr
Tazeh Shahr (تازه شهر; also Romanized as Tāzeh Shahr; formerly, Kuhnen Shahr) is a city in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
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Tehran
Tehran (تهران) is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province.
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True Cross
The True Cross is the name for physical remnants which, by a Christian Church tradition, are said to be from the cross upon which Jesus was crucified.
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United States Government Publishing Office
The United States Government Publishing Office (GPO) (formerly the Government Printing Office) is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government.
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Urmia
Urmia (Urmiya, اورمیه; ܐܘܪܡܝܐ; ارومیه (Variously transliterated as Oroumieh, Oroumiyeh, Orūmīyeh and Urūmiyeh); Ûrmiye, ورمێ) is the largest city in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran and the capital of Urmia County.
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Urmia Orthodokseta
Urmia Orthodokseta ("Orthodox Urmia"; translit) was a magazine published every month from 1904 to 1914 in Urmia, Qajar Iran by the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission.
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Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.
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World War I
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
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Yüksekova
Yüksekova, formerly known as Gever (Gever; Syriac: Gawar), is a city and a district of Hakkari Province of Turkey, situated on the border with Iran.
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Youhannan Semaan Issayi
Mar Youhannan Semaan Issayi (1914 -یوحنا سمعان عیسائی);1999)) was the Metropolitan Archbishop of Tehran of the Chaldean Catholics from March 16, 1971 until his death on February 7, 1999. He was born in Sanandaj سنندج, Kurdistan Iran on June 27, 1914 and ordained priest on March 3, 1940 and consecrated bishop on, October 22, 1967, in Iran.
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Redirects here:
Assyrians in iran, Iranian Assyrian, Iranian Assyrians, List of Assyrian churches in Iran.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assyrians_in_Iran
