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Prehistoric Scotland

Index Prehistoric Scotland

Archaeology and geology continue to reveal the secrets of prehistoric Scotland, uncovering a complex past before the Romans brought Scotland into the scope of recorded history. [1]

126 relations: Aberdeenshire, Alexander Thom, Alps, Archaeology, Atlantic Ocean, Avalonia, Balbridie, Baltic region, Baltica, Barnhouse Settlement, Brittany, Broch, Bronze Age, Cairnpapple Hill, Callanish, Cambrian, Carboniferous, Carnac, Celtic Britons, Celts, Chambered cairn, Christopher Smout, Cirque, Cladh Hallan, Clava cairn, Cliff, Common Brittonic, Crag and tail, Cramond, Crannog, Cumbria, Devonian, Dun, East Lothian, Edinburgh, Edinburgh Castle, Eildon Hill, Eilean Dòmhnuill, Elsrickle, England, Flint, Genetic history of the British Isles, Geology, Grampian Mountains, Grooved ware, Hillfort, Historic Scotland, History of Ireland (400–800), History of Scotland, Howick house, ..., Hunter-gatherer, Iapetus Ocean, Interglacial, Inverness, Iron Age, Isle of Arran, Jura, Scotland, Kilmartin Glen, Knap of Howar, Laurentia, Lewis, List of prehistoric structures in Great Britain, Maeshowe, Mainland, Orkney, Megalith, Mesolithic, Microlith, Midden, Mousa, Mull, Mummy, Neanderthal, Neogene, Neolithic, North America, North Uist, Northumberland, Ordovician, Orkney, Pangaea, Papa Westray, Passage grave, Permian, Prehistoric Britain, Prehistoric Orkney, Quaternary, Rùm, Recorded history, Ring of Brodgar, Ringfort, Roman Empire, Ross and Cromarty, Sand, Applecross, Scandinavia, Scotland during the Roman Empire, Scottish Borders, Scottish Highlands, Shetland, Silurian, Skara Brae, Skye, Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Souterrain, South Uist, Standing Stones of Stenness, Star Carr, Stonehenge, Subduction, Tectonics, Tertiary, Timeline of prehistoric Scotland, Tony Pollard, Traprain Law, Triassic, Unstan ware, Upper Paleolithic, V. Gordon Childe, Volcanism, Votadini, Wales, Wessex, West Lothian, Wiltshire, Younger Dryas, 8th millennium BC, 9th millennium BC. Expand index (76 more) »

Aberdeenshire

Aberdeenshire (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland.

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Alexander Thom

Alexander "Sandy" Thom (26 March 1894 – 7 November 1985) was a Scottish engineer most famous for his theory of the Megalithic yard, categorisation of stone circles and his studies of Stonehenge and other archaeological sites.

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Alps

The Alps (Alpes; Alpen; Alpi; Alps; Alpe) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe,The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia.

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Archaeology

Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.

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Avalonia

Avalonia was a microcontinent in the Paleozoic era.

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Balbridie

Balbridie is the site of a Neolithic long house in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, situated on the south bank of the River Dee, east of Banchory.

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Baltic region

The terms Baltic region, Baltic Rim countries (or simply Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries refer to slightly different combinations of countries in the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe.

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Baltica

Baltica is a paleocontinent that formed in the Paleoproterozoic and now constitutes northwestern Eurasia, or Europe north of the Trans-European Suture Zone and west of the Ural Mountains.

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Barnhouse Settlement

The Neolithic Barnhouse Settlement is sited by the shore of Loch of Harray, Orkney Mainland, Scotland, not far from the Standing Stones of Stenness, about 5 miles north-east of Stromness.

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Brittany

Brittany (Bretagne; Breizh, pronounced or; Gallo: Bertaèyn, pronounced) is a cultural region in the northwest of France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period of Roman occupation.

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Broch

A broch is an Iron Age drystone hollow-walled structure of a type found only in Scotland.

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Bronze Age

The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.

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Cairnpapple Hill

Cairnpapple Hill is a hill with a dominating position in central lowland Scotland with views from coast to coast.

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Callanish

Callanish (Calanais) is a village (township) on the west side of the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides (Western Isles), Scotland.

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Cambrian

The Cambrian Period was the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era, and of the Phanerozoic Eon.

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Carboniferous

The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, Mya.

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Carnac

Carnac (Breton: Karnag) is a commune beside the Gulf of Morbihan on the south coast of Brittany in the Morbihan department in north-western France.

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Celtic Britons

The Britons, also known as Celtic Britons or Ancient Britons, were Celtic people who inhabited Great Britain from the British Iron Age into the Middle Ages, at which point their culture and language diverged into the modern Welsh, Cornish and Bretons (among others).

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Celts

The Celts (see pronunciation of ''Celt'' for different usages) were an Indo-European people in Iron Age and Medieval Europe who spoke Celtic languages and had cultural similarities, although the relationship between ethnic, linguistic and cultural factors in the Celtic world remains uncertain and controversial.

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Chambered cairn

A chambered cairn is a burial monument, usually constructed during the Neolithic, consisting of a sizeable (usually stone) chamber around and over which a cairn of stones was constructed.

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Christopher Smout

Thomas Christopher Smout CBE, FBA, FRSE, FSA Scot, FRSGS (born 19 December 1933) is a Scottish academic, historian, author and Historiographer Royal in Scotland.

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Cirque

Two cirques with semi-permanent snowpatches near Abisko National Park, Sweden A cirque (French, from the Latin word circus) is an amphitheatre-like valley formed by glacial erosion.

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Cladh Hallan

Cladh Hallan (Cladh Hàlainn) is an archaeological site on the island of South Uist in the Outer Hebrides in Scotland.

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Clava cairn

The Clava cairn is a type of Bronze Age circular chamber tomb cairn, named after the group of three cairns at Balnuaran of Clava, to the east of Inverness in Scotland.

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Cliff

In geography and geology, a cliff is a vertical, or nearly vertical, rock exposure.

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Common Brittonic

Common Brittonic was an ancient Celtic language spoken in Britain.

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Crag and tail

A crag (sometimes spelled cragg, or in Scotland craig) is a rocky hill or mountain, generally isolated from other high ground.

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Cramond

Cramond (Cathair Amain) is a village and suburb in the north-west of Edinburgh, Scotland, at the mouth of the River Almond where it enters the Firth of Forth.

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Crannog

A crannog (crannóg; crannag) is typically a partially or entirely artificial island, usually built in lakes, rivers and estuarine waters of Scotland, Wales, and Ireland.

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Cumbria

Cumbria is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in North West England.

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Devonian

The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic, spanning 60 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya.

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Dun

A dun is an ancient or medieval fort.

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East Lothian

East Lothian (Aest Lowden, Lodainn an Ear), is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area.

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Edinburgh

Edinburgh (Dùn Èideann; Edinburgh) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas.

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Edinburgh Castle

Edinburgh Castle is a historic fortress which dominates the skyline of the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, from its position on the Castle Rock.

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Eildon Hill

Eildon Hill lies just south of Melrose, Scotland in the Scottish Borders, overlooking the town.

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Eilean Dòmhnuill

Ian Armit identifies the islet of Eilean Dòmhnuill (Eilean Dòmhnaill,, "The Isle of Donald"), Loch Olabhat, on North Uist, Scotland, as what may be the earliest crannog.

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Elsrickle

Elsrickle is a village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland.

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England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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Flint

Flint is a hard, sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as a variety of chert.

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Genetic history of the British Isles

The genetic history of the British Isles is the subject of research within the larger field of human population genetics.

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Geology

Geology (from the Ancient Greek γῆ, gē, i.e. "earth" and -λoγία, -logia, i.e. "study of, discourse") is an earth science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time.

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Grampian Mountains

The Grampian Mountains (Am Monadh in Gaelic) are one of the three major mountain ranges in Scotland, occupying a considerable portion of the Scottish Highlands in northwest Scotland.

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Grooved ware

Grooved ware is the name given to a pottery style of the British Neolithic.

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Hillfort

A hillfort is a type of earthworks used as a fortified refuge or defended settlement, located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage.

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Historic Scotland

Historic Scotland (Alba Aosmhor) was an executive agency of the Scottish Government from 1991 to 2015, responsible for safeguarding Scotland's built heritage, and promoting its understanding and enjoyment.

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History of Ireland (400–800)

The early medieval history of Ireland, often called Early Christian Ireland, spans the 5th to 8th centuries, from the gradual emergence out of the protohistoric period (Ogham inscriptions in Primitive Irish, mentions in Greco-Roman ethnography) to the beginning of the Viking Age.

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History of Scotland

The is known to have begun by the end of the last glacial period (in the paleolithic), roughly 10,000 years ago.

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Howick house

The Howick house Mesolithic site was found when an amateur archaeologist noticed flint tools eroding out of a sandy cliff face near the village of Howick in Northumberland, England.

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Hunter-gatherer

A hunter-gatherer is a human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and pursuing wild animals), in contrast to agricultural societies, which rely mainly on domesticated species.

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Iapetus Ocean

The Iapetus Ocean was an ocean that existed in the late Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic eras of the geologic timescale (between 600 and 400 million years ago).

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Interglacial

An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial, interglaciation) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age.

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Inverness

Inverness (from the Inbhir Nis, meaning "Mouth of the River Ness", Inerness) is a city in the Scottish Highlands.

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Iron Age

The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age system, preceded by the Stone Age (Neolithic) and the Bronze Age.

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Isle of Arran

Arran (Eilean Arainn) or the Isle of Arran is the largest island in the Firth of Clyde and the seventh largest Scottish island, at.

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Jura, Scotland

Jura (Diùra) is an island in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland, adjacent to and to the north-east of Islay.

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Kilmartin Glen

Kilmartin Glen is an area in Argyll not far from Kintyre, which has the most important concentration of Neolithic and Bronze Age remains in mainland Scotland.

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Knap of Howar

The Knap of Howar on the island of Papa Westray in Orkney, Scotland is a Neolithic farmstead which may be the oldest preserved stone house in northern Europe.

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Laurentia

Laurentia or the North American Craton is a large continental craton that forms the ancient geological core of the North American continent.

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Lewis

Lewis (Leòdhas,, also Isle of Lewis) is the northern part of Lewis and Harris, the largest island of the Western Isles or Outer Hebrides archipelago in Scotland.

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List of prehistoric structures in Great Britain

There are many prehistoric sites and structures of interest remaining from prehistoric Britain.

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Maeshowe

Maeshowe (or Maes Howe; Norse: Orkhaugr) is a Neolithic chambered cairn and passage grave situated on Mainland Orkney, Scotland.

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Mainland, Orkney

The Mainland is the main island of Orkney, Scotland.

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Megalith

A megalith is a large stone that has been used to construct a structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones.

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Mesolithic

In Old World archaeology, Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, mesos "middle"; λίθος, lithos "stone") is the period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic.

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Microlith

A microlith is a small stone tool usually made of flint or chert and typically a centimetre or so in length and half a centimetre wide.

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Midden

A midden (also kitchen midden or shell heap) is an old dump for domestic waste which may consist of animal bone, human excrement, botanical material, mollusc shells, sherds, lithics (especially debitage), and other artifacts and ecofacts associated with past human occupation.

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Mousa

Mousa (Mosey "moss island") is a small island in Shetland, Scotland, uninhabited since the nineteenth century.

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Mull

Mull (Muile) is the second largest island of the Inner Hebrides (after Skye), off the west coast of Scotland in the council area of Argyll and Bute.

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Mummy

A mummy is a deceased human or an animal whose skin and organs have been preserved by either intentional or accidental exposure to chemicals, extreme cold, very low humidity, or lack of air, so that the recovered body does not decay further if kept in cool and dry conditions.

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Neanderthal

Neanderthals (also; also Neanderthal Man, taxonomically Homo neanderthalensis or Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) are an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans in the genus Homo, who lived in Eurasia during at least 430,000 to 38,000 years ago.

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Neogene

The Neogene (informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya.

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Neolithic

The Neolithic was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 10,200 BC, according to the ASPRO chronology, in some parts of Western Asia, and later in other parts of the world and ending between 4500 and 2000 BC.

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North America

North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.

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North Uist

North Uist (Uibhist a Tuath) is an island and community in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland.

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Northumberland

Northumberland (abbreviated Northd) is a county in North East England.

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Ordovician

The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era.

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Orkney

Orkney (Orkneyjar), also known as the Orkney Islands, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of Great Britain.

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Pangaea

Pangaea or Pangea was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras.

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Papa Westray

Papa Westray, also known as Papay, is one of the Orkney Islands in Scotland, United Kingdom.

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Passage grave

A simple passage tomb in Carrowmore near Sligo in Ireland A passage grave (sometimes hyphenated) or passage tomb consists of a narrow passage made of large stones and one or multiple burial chambers covered in earth or stone.

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Permian

The Permian is a geologic period and system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic period 251.902 Mya.

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Prehistoric Britain

Several species of humans have intermittently occupied Britain for almost a million years.

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Prehistoric Orkney

Prehistoric Orkney refers to a period in the human occupation of the Orkney archipelago of Scotland that was the latter part of these islands' prehistory.

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Quaternary

Quaternary is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).

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Rùm

Rùm(), a Scottish Gaelic name often anglicised to Rum, is one of the Small Isles of the Inner Hebrides, in the district of Lochaber, Scotland.

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Recorded history

Recorded history or written history is a historical narrative based on a written record or other documented communication.

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Ring of Brodgar

The Ring of Brodgar (or Brogar, or Ring o' Brodgar) is a Neolithic henge and stone circle about 6 miles north-east of Stromness on the Mainland, the largest island in Orkney, Scotland.

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Ringfort

Ringforts, ring forts or ring fortresses are circular fortified settlements that were mostly built during the Bronze age up to about the year 1000.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Ross and Cromarty

Ross and Cromarty (Ros agus Cromba) is a variously defined area in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland.

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Sand, Applecross

Sand on the Applecross Peninsula in Wester Ross, Scotland, is an archaeological site.

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Scandinavia

Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural and linguistic ties.

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Scotland during the Roman Empire

Scotland during the Roman Empire refers to the protohistorical period during which the Roman Empire interacted with the area that is now Scotland, which was known to them as "Caledonia".

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Scottish Borders

The Scottish Borders (The Mairches, "The Marches"; Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan na h-Alba) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland.

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Scottish Highlands

The Highlands (the Hielands; A’ Ghàidhealtachd, "the place of the Gaels") are a historic region of Scotland.

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Shetland

Shetland (Old Norse: Hjaltland), also called the Shetland Islands, is a subarctic archipelago of Scotland that lies northeast of Great Britain.

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Silurian

The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya.

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Skara Brae

Skara Brae is a stone-built Neolithic settlement, located on the Bay of Skaill on the west coast of Mainland, the largest island in the Orkney archipelago of Scotland.

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Skye

Skye, or the Isle of Skye (An t-Eilean Sgitheanach or Eilean a' Cheò), is the largest and northernmost of the major islands in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland.

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Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland is the senior antiquarian body of Scotland, with its headquarters in the National Museum of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh.

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Souterrain

Souterrain (from French sous terrain, meaning "under ground") is a name given by archaeologists to a type of underground structure associated mainly with the European Atlantic Iron Age.

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South Uist

South Uist (Uibhist a Deas) is the second-largest island of the Outer Hebrides in Scotland.

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Standing Stones of Stenness

The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument five miles northeast of Stromness on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland.

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Star Carr

Star Carr is a Mesolithic archaeological site in North Yorkshire, England.

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Stonehenge

Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, west of Amesbury.

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Subduction

Subduction is a geological process that takes place at convergent boundaries of tectonic plates where one plate moves under another and is forced or sinks due to gravity into the mantle.

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Tectonics

Tectonics is the process that controls the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time.

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Tertiary

Tertiary is the former term for the geologic period from 65 million to 2.58 million years ago, a timespan that occurs between the superseded Secondary period and the Quaternary.

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Timeline of prehistoric Scotland

This timeline of prehistoric Scotland is a chronologically ordered list of important archaeological sites in Scotland and of major events affecting Scotland's human inhabitants and culture during the prehistoric period.

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Tony Pollard

Tony Pollard is an archaeologist specialising in the archaeology of conflict.

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Traprain Law

Traprain Law is a hill about elevation, located east of Haddington in East Lothian, Scotland.

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Triassic

The Triassic is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.9 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period Mya.

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Unstan ware

Unstan ware is the name used by archaeologists for a type of finely made and decorated Neolithic pottery from the 4th and 3rd millennia BC.

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Upper Paleolithic

The Upper Paleolithic (or Upper Palaeolithic, Late Stone Age) is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age.

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V. Gordon Childe

Vere Gordon Childe (14 April 1892 – 19 October 1957), better known as V. Gordon Childe, was an Australian archaeologist and philologist who specialized in the study of European prehistory.

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Volcanism

Volcanism is the phenomenon of eruption of molten rock (magma) onto the surface of the Earth or a solid-surface planet or moon, where lava, pyroclastics and volcanic gases erupt through a break in the surface called a vent.

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Votadini

The Votadini, also known as the Wotādīni, Votādīni or Otadini, were a Celtic people of the Iron Age in Great Britain.

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Wales

Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.

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Wessex

Wessex (Westseaxna rīce, the "kingdom of the West Saxons") was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in the south of Great Britain, from 519 until England was unified by Æthelstan in the early 10th century.

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West Lothian

West Lothian (Wast Lowden, Lodainn an Iar) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and one of its historic counties.

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Wiltshire

Wiltshire is a county in South West England with an area of.

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Younger Dryas

The Younger Dryas (c. 12,900 to c. 11,700 years BP) was a return to glacial conditions which temporarily reversed the gradual climatic warming after the Last Glacial Maximum started receding around 20,000 BP.

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8th millennium BC

The 8th millennium BC spanned the years 8000 through 7001 BC.

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9th millennium BC

The 9th millennium BC spanned the years 9000 through 8001 BC.

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Redirects here:

Bronze Age Scotland, Bronze Age in Scotland, Mesolithic Scotland, Neolithic Scotland, Prehistory in Scotland, Prehistory of Scotland, Prehistory of scotland, Scottish pre-history.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_Scotland

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