Communication

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Robertson, William D. Becker, William Reid (VC), Willy Messerschmitt, Wing, Wing (military aviation unit), Winnellie, Northern Territory, Women Airforce Service Pilots, Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Women's Flying Training Detachment, World War I, World War II, World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft, Wotje Atoll, Yakovlev Yak-1, Yasuna Kozono, Yekaterina Budanova, Yokosuka P1Y, Zahme Sau, Zaragoza Municipality, Coahuila, Zeppelin, 108th Operations Group, 111th Reconnaissance Squadron, 15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force, 1943 Liberator crash at Whenuapai, 1943 Surprise Hurricane, 1st Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom), 335th Fighter Squadron, 480th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing, 4th Operations Group, 503rd Infantry Regiment (United States), 82nd Airborne Division, 836 Naval Air Squadron. Expand index (775 more) » « Shrink index

Abbeville

Abbeville is a commune in the Somme department and in Hauts-de-France region in northern France.

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Admiral

Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies, and in many navies is the highest rank.

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Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

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Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana

Wing emblem of the A.N.R. from 1944 to 1945. The National Republican Air Force (Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana, or ANR) was the air force of the Italian Social Republic during World War II, closely linked with the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) in northern Italy.

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African Americans

African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.

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Aichi D3A

The Aichi D3A Type 99 Carrier Bomber (Allied reporting name "Val") is a World War II carrier-borne dive bomber.

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Aichi Kokuki

was a Japanese aircraft manufacturer which produced several designs for the Imperial Japanese Navy.

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Aichi M6A

The was a submarine-launched attack floatplane designed for the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.

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Air marshal

Air Marshal (Air Mshl or AM) is a three-star air-officer rank which originated in and continues to be used by the Royal Air Force.

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Air Pictorial

Air Pictorial was a British aviation magazine covering defence aerospace and civil aviation topics.

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Air raid on Frascati

An air raid of USAAF planes against Frascati, a historic town near Rome, Italy, was made on 8 September 1943.

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Air raid shelter

Air raid shelters, also known as bomb shelters, are structures for the protection of non-combatants as well as combatants against enemy attacks from the air.

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Air show

An air show, (or airshow, air fair, air tattoo) is a public event where aircraft are exhibited.

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Air Transport Command

Air Transport Command (ATC) was a United States Air Force unit that was created during World War II as the strategic airlift component of the United States Army Air Forces.

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Airborne forces

Airborne Military parachuting or gliding form of inserting personnel or supplies.

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Aircraft carrier

An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft.

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Airliner

An airliner is a type of aircraft for transporting passengers and air cargo.

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Airship

An airship or dirigible balloon is a type of aerostat or lighter-than-air aircraft that can navigate through the air under its own power.

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AirSols

AirSols was a joint command for Allied air units in the Solomon Islands campaign of World War II, from April 1943 to June 1944.

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Albert Kesselring

Albert Kesselring (30 November 1885 – 16 July 1960) was a German Luftwaffe Generalfeldmarschall during World War II.

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Aleutian Islands

The Aleutian Islands (Tanam Unangaa, literally "Land of the Aleuts", possibly from Chukchi aliat, "island") are a chain of 14 large volcanic islands and 55 smaller ones belonging to both the U.S. state of Alaska and the Russian federal subject of Kamchatka Krai.

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Aleutian Islands Campaign

The Aleutian Islands Campaign was a military campaign conducted by the United States and Japan in the Aleutian Islands, part of the Alaska Territory, in the American theater and the Pacific theater of World War II starting on 3 June 1942.

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Algeria

Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.

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Allen County, Kentucky

Allen County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky.

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Allied Aviation XLRA

The Allied Aviation XLRA was a prototype flying-boat transport glider built for the US Navy during World War II.

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Allied invasion of Sicily

The Allied invasion of Sicily, codenamed Operation Husky, was a major campaign of World War II, in which the Allies took the island of Sicily from the Axis powers (Italy and Nazi Germany).

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Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945).

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Aluminium

Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.

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Amchitka

Amchitka (Amchixtax̂) is a volcanic, tectonically unstable island in the Rat Islands group of the Aleutian Islands in southwest Alaska.

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American Airlines Flight 63 (Flagship Missouri)

American Airlines Flight 63 was an American Airlines DC-3 nicknamed the Flagship Missouri that crashed on October 15, 1943 near Centerville, Tennessee after ice formed on its wings and propeller.

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American Airlines Flight 63 (Flagship Ohio)

On 28 July 1943 American Airlines Flight 63 was flown by a Douglas DC-3, named Flagship Ohio, routing Cleveland-Columbus-Dayton-Cincinnati-Louisville-Nashville-Memphis, that crashed on the Louisville-Nashville sector about west of Trammel, Kentucky.

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Ammunition ship

An ammunition ship is an auxiliary ship specially configured to carry ammunition, usually for naval ships and aircraft.

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Amphibious warfare

Amphibious warfare is a type of offensive military operation that today uses naval ships to project ground and air power onto a hostile or potentially hostile shore at a designated landing beach.

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Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action."AAP-6 They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons).

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Anti-ship missile

Anti-ship missiles are guided missiles that are designed for use against ships and large boats.

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Anti-submarine warfare

Anti-submarine warfare (ASW, or in older form A/S) is a branch of underwater warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, or other submarines to find, track and deter, damage, or destroy enemy submarines.

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Apennine Mountains

The Apennines or Apennine Mountains (Ἀπέννινα ὄρη; Appenninus or Apenninus Mons—a singular used in the plural;Apenninus has the form of an adjective, which would be segmented Apenn-inus, often used with nouns such as mons (mountain) or Greek ὄρος oros, but just as often used alone as a noun. The ancient Greeks and Romans typically but not always used "mountain" in the singular to mean one or a range; thus, "the Apennine mountain" refers to the entire chain and is translated "the Apennine mountains". The ending can vary also by gender depending on the noun modified. The Italian singular refers to one of the constituent chains rather than to a single mountain and the Italian plural refers to multiple chains rather than to multiple mountains. Appennini) are a mountain range consisting of parallel smaller chains extending along the length of peninsular Italy.

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Arado Ar 234

The Arado Ar 234 Blitz (English: lightning) was the world's first operational jet-powered bomber, built by the German Arado company in the closing stages of World War II.

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Arawe

Arawe (also known as Arawee, Merkus and Cape Merkus) is an area in Papua New Guinea located on the south coast of New Britain about from Cape Gloucester.

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Arctic convoys of World War II

The Arctic convoys of World War II were oceangoing convoys which sailed from the United Kingdom, Iceland, and North America to northern ports in the Soviet Union – primarily Arkhangelsk (Archangel) and Murmansk in Russia.

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Area bombardment

In military aviation, area bombardment (or area bombing) is a type of aerial bombardment that targeted indiscriminately at a large area, such as a city block or an entire city.

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Armistice of Cassibile

The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano, and made public on 8 September, between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies during World War II.

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Armstrong Whitworth Albemarle

The Armstrong Whitworth A.W.41 Albemarle was a British twin-engine transport aircraft that entered service during the Second World War.

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Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command

The Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command was formed in the fall of 1942 to establish a single command to control antisubmarine warfare (ASW) activities of the Army Air Forces (AAF).

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Army of the Po

The Army of the Po (Italian Armata del Po), numbered the Sixth Army (6a Armata), was a field army of the Royal Italian Army (Regio Esercito) during World War II (1939–45).

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Arthur Louis Aaron

Arthur Louis Aaron VC, DFM (5 March 1922 – 13 August 1943) was a Royal Air Force pilot and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

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Asiatic-Pacific Theater

The Asiatic-Pacific Theater, was the theater of operations of U.S. forces during World War II in the Pacific War during 1941–45.

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Asphalt

Asphalt, also known as bitumen, is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum.

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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.

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Atoll

An atoll, sometimes called a coral atoll, is a ring-shaped coral reef including a coral rim that encircles a lagoon partially or completely.

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Attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory, on the morning of December 7, 1941.

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Attack transport

Attack transport is a United States Navy ship classification for a variant of ocean-going troopship adapted to transporting invasion forces ashore.

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Attu Island

Attu (Atan) is the westernmost and largest island in the Near Islands group of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska, and the westernmost point of land relative to Alaska, the United States, North America, and the Americas.

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Auckland

Auckland is a city in New Zealand's North Island.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Austria

Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.

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Autogyro

An autogyro (from Greek αὐτός and γύρος, "self-turning"), also known as a gyroplane or gyrocopter, is a type of rotorcraft that uses an unpowered rotor in free autorotation to develop lift.

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Autopilot

An autopilot is a system used to control the trajectory of an aircraft without constant 'hands-on' control by a human operator being required.

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Avensa

Avensa (Aerovías Venezolanas Sociedad Anonima) was a Venezuelan airline headquartered in Caracas.

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Aviation

Aviation, or air transport, refers to the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry.

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Avro Lancaster

The Avro Lancaster is a British four-engined Second World War heavy bomber.

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Avro Lancastrian

The Avro 691 Lancastrian was a Canadian and British passenger and mail transport aircraft of the 1940s and 1950s developed from the Avro Lancaster heavy bomber.

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Axis powers

The Axis powers (Achsenmächte; Potenze dell'Asse; 枢軸国 Sūjikukoku), also known as the Axis and the Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, were the nations that fought in World War II against the Allied forces.

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Azores

The Azores (or; Açores), officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores (Região Autónoma dos Açores), is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal.

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Škoda Works

The Škoda Works (Škodovy závody) was one of the largest European industrial conglomerates of the 20th century, founded by Czech engineer Emil Škoda in 1859 in Plzeň, then in the Kingdom of Bohemia, Austrian Empire.

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Baker Island

Baker Island is an uninhabited atoll located just north of the equator in the central Pacific Ocean about southwest of Honolulu.

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Bakers Creek air crash

The Bakers Creek air crash was an aviation disaster which occurred on 14 June 1943, when a United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress aircraft crashed at Bakers Creek, Queensland.

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Bakers Creek, Queensland

Bakers Creek is a town and a locality in the Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia.

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Balalae Island

Balalae Island (or Ballale/Ballali) is an island of the Shortland Islands Group in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands.

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Ballistic missile

A ballistic missile follows a ballistic trajectory to deliver one or more warheads on a predetermined target.

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Barents Sea

The Barents Sea (Barentshavet; Баренцево море, Barentsevo More) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, located off the northern coasts of Norway and Russia divided between Norwegian and Russian territorial waters.

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Bari

Bari (Barese: Bare; Barium; translit) is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, in southern Italy.

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Bastia

Bastia (Bastìa) (Corsican and Italian pronunciation) is a French commune in the Haute-Corse department of France located in the north-east of the island of Corsica at the base of Cap Corse.

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Battalion

A battalion is a military unit.

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Battle of Arawe

The Battle of Arawe (also known as Operation Director) was fought between Allied and Japanese forces during the New Britain Campaign of World War II.

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Battle of Attu

The Battle of Attu, which took place on 11–30 May 1943, was a battle fought between forces of the United States, aided by Canadian reconnaissance and fighter-bomber support, and the Empire of Japan on Attu Island off the coast of the Territory of Alaska as part of the Aleutian Islands Campaign during the American Theater and the Pacific Theater and was the only land battle of World War II fought on incorporated territory of the United States.

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Battle of Cape Gloucester

The Battle of Cape Gloucester was fought in the Pacific theater of World War II between Japanese and Allied forces on the island of New Britain, Territory of New Guinea, between 26 December 1943 and 16 January 1944.

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Battle of Kula Gulf

The naval Battle of Kula Gulf (Japanese: クラ湾夜戦) took place in the early hours of 6 July 1943 during World War II and was between United States and Japanese ships off the coast of Kolombangara in the Solomon Islands.

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Battle of Rennell Island

The Battle of Rennell Island (Japanese: レンネル島沖海戦) took place on 29–30 January 1943.

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Battle of Tarawa

The Battle of Tarawa was a battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that was fought on 20–23 November 1943.

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Battle of the Bismarck Sea

The Battle of the Bismarck Sea (2–4 March 1943) took place in the South West Pacific Area (SWPA) during World War II when aircraft of the U.S. Fifth Air Force and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) attacked a Japanese convoy carrying troops to Lae, New Guinea.

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Battle of the Ruhr

The Battle of the Ruhr of 1943 was a 5-month campaign of strategic bombing during the Second World War against the Nazi Germany Ruhr Area, which had coke plants, steelworks, and 10 synthetic oil plants.

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Battleship

A battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of large caliber guns.

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Bay of Biscay

The Bay of Biscay (Golfe de Gascogne, Golfo de Vizcaya, Pleg-mor Gwaskogn, Bizkaiko Golkoa) is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea.

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Bell 30

The Bell 30 was the prototype for the first commercial helicopter, and the first helicopter built by the Bell Aircraft Company.

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Bell P-63 Kingcobra

The Bell P-63 Kingcobra is an American fighter aircraft developed by Bell Aircraft in World War II from the Bell P-39 Airacobra in an attempt to correct that aircraft's deficiencies.

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Ben Robertson (journalist)

Benjamin Franklin Robertson Jr., better known as Ben Robertson (1903–1943), was an American author, journalist and World War II war correspondent.

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Benito Mussolini

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who was the leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF).

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.

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Betio

Betio is the largest township of Kiribati's capital city, South Tarawa, and the country's main port.

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Biskra

Biskra (بسكرة; Berber) is the capital city of Biskra Province, Algeria.

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Bismarck Sea

The Bismarck Sea (Bismarcksee) lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean within the nation of Papua New Guinea.

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Bizerte

Bizerte (بنزرت); historically: Phoenician: Hippo Acra, Hippo Diarrhytus and Hippo Zarytus), also known in English as Bizerta, is a town of Bizerte Governorate in Tunisia. It is the northernmost city in Africa, located 65 km (40mil) north of the capital Tunis. The city had 142,966 inhabitants in 2014.

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Blimp

A blimp, or non-rigid airship, is an airship (dirigible) or barrage balloon without an internal structural framework or a keel.

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BMW 801

The BMW 801 was a powerful German air-cooled 14-cylinder-radial aircraft engine built by BMW and used in a number of German Luftwaffe aircraft of World War II.

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BOAC Flight 777

BOAC Flight 777-A was a scheduled British Overseas Airways Corporation civilian airline flight from Portela Airport in Lisbon, Portugal to Whitchurch Airport near Bristol, England.

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Bochum

Bochum (Westphalian: Baukem) is a city in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and part of the Arnsberg region.

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Boeing

The Boeing Company is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures, and sells airplanes, rotorcraft, rockets, satellites, and missiles worldwide.

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Boeing 314 Clipper

The Boeing 314 Clipper was a long-range flying boat produced by the Boeing Airplane Company between 1938 and 1941.

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Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress

The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress is a four-engine heavy bomber developed in the 1930s for the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC).

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Boeing B-29 Superfortress

The Boeing B-29 Superfortress is a four-engine propeller-driven heavy bomber designed by Boeing, which was flown primarily by the United States during World War II and the Korean War.

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Boeing Field

Boeing Field, officially King County International Airport, is a public airport owned and operated by King County, five miles south of downtown Seattle, Washington.

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Bomber

A bomber is a combat aircraft designed to attack ground and naval targets by dropping air-to-ground weaponry (such as bombs), firing torpedoes and bullets or deploying air-launched cruise missiles.

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Bombing of Hamburg in World War II

The allied bombing of Hamburg during World War II included numerous attacks on civilians.

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Bombing of Wilhelmshaven in World War II

The Wilhelmshaven World War II bombings by the Allies of World War II destroyed two thirds of the port's buildings.

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Bonis Airfield

Bonis Airfield was an aerodrome located on the Bonis Peninsula, Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea.

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Bougainville Island

Bougainville Island is the main island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville of Papua New Guinea.

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Bougainville Strait

Bougainville Strait separates Choiseul Island, part of the Solomon Islands from Bougainville Island, the next to the northward and part of Papua New Guinea.

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Boulogne-sur-Mer

Boulogne-sur-Mer, often called Boulogne (Latin: Gesoriacum or Bononia, Boulonne-su-Mér, Bonen), is a coastal city in Northern France.

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Braunschweig

Braunschweig (Low German: Brunswiek), also called Brunswick in English, is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, north of the Harz mountains at the farthest navigable point of the Oker river which connects it to the North Sea via the Aller and Weser rivers.

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Bremen

The City Municipality of Bremen (Stadtgemeinde Bremen) is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany, which belongs to the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (also called just "Bremen" for short), a federal state of Germany.

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Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère département in Brittany.

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Brewery

A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.

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Brewster XA-32

The Brewster XA-32 was an American attack aircraft, a mid-wing type with an internal bomb bay.

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Bridgeport, Connecticut

Bridgeport is a historic seaport city in the U.S. state of Connecticut.

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Bristol (Whitchurch) Airport

Bristol (Whitchurch) Airport, also known as Whitchurch Airport, was a municipal airport in Bristol, England, three miles (5 km) south of the city centre, from 1930 to 1957.

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Bristol Beaufighter

The Bristol Type 156 Beaufighter (often referred to simply as the "Beau") is a multi-role aircraft developed during the Second World War by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in the United Kingdom.

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Bristol Buckingham

The Bristol Type 163 Buckingham was a British Second World War medium bomber for the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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British Army

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of British Armed Forces.

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British Overseas Airways Corporation

British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) was the British state-owned airline created in 1940 by the merger of Imperial Airways and British Airways Ltd.

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Brolo

Brolo (Sicilian: Brolu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about east of Palermo and about west of Messina.

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Brooklyn

Brooklyn is the most populous borough of New York City, with a census-estimated 2,648,771 residents in 2017.

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Bryan, Texas

Bryan is a city in Brazos County, Texas, United States.

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Buka Island

Buka Island is the second largest island in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, in eastern Papua New Guinea.

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Buka Passage

Buka Passage is a narrow strait that separates Buka Island from the northern part of Bougainville Island, within the Autonomous Region of Bougainville of northeastern Papua New Guinea.

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Buoy

A buoy is a floating device that can have many purposes.

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Butaritari

Butaritari is an atoll in the Pacific Ocean island nation of Kiribati.

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Caen – Carpiquet Airport

Caen – Carpiquet Airport (French: Aéroport de Caen - Carpiquet) is a civil airport located in Carpiquet, 6 km west of Caen, both communes of the Calvados département in the Normandy (formerly Lower Normandy) region of France.

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California

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.

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Campo Imperatore

Campo Imperatore ("Emperor's Field") is a mountain grassland or alpine meadow formed by a high basin shaped plateau located above Gran Sasso massif, the largest plateau of Apennine ridge.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Cannes

Cannes (Canas) is a city located on the French Riviera.

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Cap Bon

Cap Bon (الرأس الطيب), also Watan el-kibli, is a peninsula in far northeastern Tunisia.

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Cape Gloucester

Cape Gloucester (also known as Tuluvu) is a headland on the northern side of the far west of the island of New Britain, Papua New Guinea.

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Cape Hoskins

Cape Hoskins is located on the north coast of New Britain in the West New Britain Province.

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Cape Torokina

Cape Torokina is a promontory at the north end of Empress Augusta Bay, along the central part of the western coast of Bougainville, in Papua New Guinea.

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Capo Passero

Capo Passero or Cape Passaro (Greek: Πάχυνος; Latin: Pachynus or Pachynum) is a celebrated promontory of Sicily, forming the extreme southeastern point of the whole island, and one of the three promontories which were supposed to have given to it the name of "Trinacria." (Ovid, Fast. iv. 479, Met. xiii. 725; Dionys. Per. 467-72; Scyl. p. 4. § 13; Pol. i. 42; Strabo vi. pp. 265, 272, &c.; Plin. iii. 8. s. 14; Ptol. iii. 4. § 8; Mela, ii. 7. § 15.).

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Cargo aircraft

A cargo aircraft (also known as freight aircraft, freighter, airlifter or cargo jet) is a fixed-wing aircraft that is designed or converted for the carriage of cargo rather than passengers.

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Cargo ship

A cargo ship or freighter ship is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another.

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Casablanca Conference

The Casablanca Conference (codenamed SYMBOL) was held at the Anfa Hotel in Casablanca, French Morocco, from January 14 to 24, 1943, to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II.

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Casablanca directive

The Casablanca directiveChurchill, was approved by the Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCOS) of the Western Allies at their 65th meeting on 21 January 1943 and issued to the appropriate the Royal Air Force and United States Army Air Forces commanders on 4 February 1943.

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CBS News

CBS News is the news division of American television and radio service CBS.

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Centerville, Tennessee

Centerville is a town in Hickman County, Tennessee, United States.

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Chaff (countermeasure)

Chaff, originally called Window by the British and Düppel by the Second World War era German Luftwaffe (from the Berlin suburb where it was first developed), is a radar countermeasure in which aircraft or other targets spread a cloud of small, thin pieces of aluminium, metallized glass fibre or plastic, which either appears as a cluster of primary targets on radar screens or swamps the screen with multiple returns.

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Charley Paddock

Charles William Paddock (August 11, 1900 – July 21, 1943) was an American athlete and two time Olympic champion.

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Chernyakhovsk

Chernyakhovsk (Черняхо́вск); prior to 1946 known by its German name (Įsrutis; Wystruć) is a town and the administrative center of Chernyakhovsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Instruch and Angrapa Rivers, forming the Pregolya.

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Chief of Naval Operations

The Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) is the most senior officer in the United States Navy.

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Chief of staff

The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporting staff or a primary aide-de-camp to an important individual, such as a president or a senior military officer.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Choiseul Island

Choiseul Island, native name Lauru, is the largest island of the Choiseul Province, Solomon Islands, at.

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Civil Air Patrol

The Civil Air Patrol (CAP) is a congressionally chartered, federally supported non-profit corporation that serves as the official civilian auxiliary of the United States Air Force (USAF).

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Coastwatchers

The Coastwatchers, also known as the Coast Watch Organisation, Combined Field Intelligence Service or Section C, Allied Intelligence Bureau, were Allied military intelligence operatives stationed on remote Pacific islands during World War II to observe enemy movements and rescue stranded Allied personnel.

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College football

College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, colleges, and military academies, or Canadian football played by teams of student athletes fielded by Canadian universities.

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Collie

The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.

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Cologne

Cologne (Köln,, Kölle) is the largest city in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth most populated city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich).

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Columbia, Pennsylvania

Columbia, formerly Wright's Ferry, is a borough (town) in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 28 miles (45 km) southeast of Harrisburg on the east (left) bank of the Susquehanna River, across from Wrightsville and York County and just south of U.S. Route 30.

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Combat air patrol

Combat air patrol (CAP) is a type of flying mission for fighter aircraft.

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Combined Fleet

was the main ocean-going component of the Imperial Japanese Navy.

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Commander

Commander is a common naval and air force officer rank.

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Commander-in-chief

A commander-in-chief, also sometimes called supreme commander, or chief commander, is the person or body that exercises supreme operational command and control of a nation's military forces.

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Commanding officer

The commanding officer (CO) or, if the incumbent is a general officer, commanding general (CG), is the officer in command of a military unit.

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COMSUBPAC

Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet (COMSUBPAC) is the principal advisor to the Commander, United States Pacific Fleet (COMPACFLT) for submarine matters.

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Connecticut

Connecticut is the southernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Consolidated Aircraft

The Consolidated Aircraft Corporation was founded in 1923 by Reuben H. Fleet in Buffalo, New York, the result of the Gallaudet Aircraft Company's liquidation and Fleet's purchase of designs from the Dayton-Wright Company as the subsidiary was being closed by its parent corporation, General Motors.

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Consolidated B-24 Liberator

The Consolidated B-24 Liberator is an American heavy bomber, designed by Consolidated Aircraft of San Diego, California.

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Consolidated C-87 Liberator Express

The Consolidated C-87 Liberator Express was a transport derivative of the B-24 Liberator heavy bomber built during World War II for the United States Army Air Forces.

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Consolidated PBY Catalina

The Consolidated PBY Catalina, also known as the Canso in Canadian service, is an American flying boat, and later an amphibious aircraft of the 1930s and 1940s produced by Consolidated Aircraft.

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Consular corps

Consular corps (from Corps consulaire and commonly abbreviated CC) is a concept analogous to diplomatic corps, but concerning the staff, estates and work of a consulate.

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Convair

Convair was an American aircraft manufacturing company which later expanded into rockets and spacecraft.

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Convair B-36 Peacemaker

The Convair B-36 "Peacemaker" is a strategic bomber built by Convair and operated solely by the United States Air Force (USAF) from 1949 to 1959.

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Convoy

A convoy is a group of vehicles, typically motor vehicles or ships, traveling together for mutual support and protection.

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Corsica

Corsica (Corse; Corsica in Corsican and Italian, pronounced and respectively) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France.

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Corvette

A corvette is a small warship.

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Crimea

Crimea (Крым, Крим, Krym; Krym; translit;; translit) is a peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea in Eastern Europe that is almost completely surrounded by both the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast.

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Cruiser

A cruiser is a type of warship.

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Curtiss C-46 Commando

The Curtiss C-46 Commando is a transport aircraft derived from the Curtiss CW-20 pressurised high-altitude airliner design.

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Curtiss P-40 Warhawk

The Curtiss P-40 Warhawk is an American single-engined, single-seat, all-metal fighter and ground-attack aircraft that first flew in 1938.

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Curtiss SB2C Helldiver

The Curtiss SB2C Helldiver is a carrier-based dive bomber aircraft produced for the United States Navy during World War II.

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Curtiss XF14C

The Curtiss XF14C was an American naval fighter aircraft.

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Curtiss XP-62

The Curtiss XP-62 was a prototype heavily armed, high-performance, single-engine fighter aircraft built for the United States Army Air Corps by the Curtiss-Wright Corporation.

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Curtiss-Wright

The Curtiss-Wright Corporation is an American-based, global diversified product manufacturer and service provider for the commercial, industrial, defense, and energy markets.

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Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender

The Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender (company designation CW-24) was a 1940s United States prototype fighter aircraft built by Curtiss-Wright.

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Daimler-Benz DB 603

The Daimler-Benz DB 603 engine was a German aircraft engine used during World War II.

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Darmstadt

Darmstadt is a city in the state of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region).

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Darwin, Northern Territory

Darwin is the capital city of the Northern Territory of Australia.

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Düsseldorf

Düsseldorf (Low Franconian, Ripuarian: Düsseldörp), often Dusseldorf in English sources, is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the seventh most populous city in Germany. Düsseldorf is an international business and financial centre, renowned for its fashion and trade fairs.

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De Havilland Mosquito

The de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito is a British twin-engine shoulder-winged multi-role combat aircraft.

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De Havilland Vampire

The de Havilland Vampire is a British jet fighter developed and manufactured by the de Havilland Aircraft Company.

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Destroyer

In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast, maneuverable long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against smaller powerful short-range attackers.

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DFS 228

The DFS 228 was a rocket-powered, high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft designed by the Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Segelflug (DFS - "German Institute for Sailplane Flight") during World War II.

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DFS 230

The DFS 230 was a German transport glider operated by the Luftwaffe in World War II.

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Dive bomber

A dive bomber is a bomber aircraft that dives directly at its targets in order to provide greater accuracy for the bomb it drops.

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Dobodura

Dobodura armata is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae, the only species in the genus Dobodura.

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Dogfight

A dogfight, or dog fight, is an aerial battle between fighter aircraft, conducted at close range.

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Doolittle Raid

The Doolittle Raid, also known as the Tokyo Raid, on Saturday, April 18, 1942, was an air raid by the United States on the Japanese capital Tokyo and other places on the island of Honshu during World War II, the first air operation to strike the Japanese Home Islands.

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Dornier Do 217

The Dornier Do 217 was a bomber used by the German Luftwaffe during World War II as a more powerful development of the Dornier Do 17, known as the Fliegender Bleistift (German: "flying pencil").

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Dornier Do 317

The Dornier Do 317 was a planned German heavy bomber of World War II.

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Dornier Do 335

The Dornier Do 335 Pfeil ("Arrow") was a World War II heavy fighter built by the Dornier company.

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Dortmund–Ems Canal

The Dortmund–Ems Canal is a long canal in Germany between the inland port of the city of Dortmund and the sea port of Emden.

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Douglas Aircraft Company

The Douglas Aircraft Company was an American aerospace manufacturer based in Southern California.

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Douglas BTD Destroyer

The Douglas BTD Destroyer is an American dive/torpedo bomber developed for the United States Navy during World War II.

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Douglas C-47 Skytrain

The Douglas C-47 Skytrain or Dakota (RAF designation) is a military transport aircraft developed from the civilian Douglas DC-3 airliner.

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Douglas C-54 Skymaster

The Douglas C-54 Skymaster is a four-engined transport aircraft used by the United States Army Air Forces in World War II and the Korean War.

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Douglas DC-3

The Douglas DC-3 is a fixed-wing propeller-driven airliner with tailwheel-type landing gear.

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Douglas SBD Dauntless

The Douglas SBD Dauntless was a World War II American naval scout plane and dive bomber that was manufactured by Douglas Aircraft from 1940 through 1944.

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Duisburg

Duisburg (locally) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Dunlop Rubber

Dunlop Rubber was a multinational company involved in the manufacture of various rubber goods.

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Eareckson Air Station

Eareckson Air Station, formerly Shemya Air Force Base, is a United States Air Force military airport located on the island of Shemya, in the Alaskan Aleutian Islands.

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East Prussia

East Prussia (Ostpreußen,; Prusy Wschodnie; Rytų Prūsija; Borussia orientalis; Восточная Пруссия) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871); following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945.

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.

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Eddie Rickenbacker

Edward Vernon Rickenbacker (October 8, 1890 – July 23, 1973) was an American fighter ace in World War I and Medal of Honor recipient.

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Edersee

The Edersee is an 11.8 km² reservoir in Waldeck-Frankenberg, Hesse, Germany with 199.3 million m³ of storage space.

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Edward O'Hare

Lieutenant Commander Edward Henry "Butch" O'Hare (March 13, 1914 – November 26, 1943) was an American naval aviator of the United States Navy, who on February 20, 1942, became the Navy's first flying ace when he single-handedly attacked a formation of nine heavy bombers approaching his aircraft carrier.

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Edward R. Murrow

Edward R. Murrow (born Egbert Roscoe Murrow; April 25, 1908 – April 27, 1965) was an American broadcast journalist and war correspondent.

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Eighth Air Force

The Eighth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic) (8 AF) is a numbered air force (NAF) of the United States Air Force's Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC).

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Elevator (aeronautics)

Elevators are flight control surfaces, usually at the rear of an aircraft, which control the aircraft's pitch, and therefore the angle of attack and the lift of the wing.

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Eleventh Air Force

The Eleventh Air Force (11 AF) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Air Force Pacific Air Forces (PACAF).

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Emergency landing

An emergency landing is a prioritised landing made by an aircraft in response to an emergency containing an imminent or ongoing threat to the safety and operation of the aircraft or involving a sudden need for a passenger or crew on board to be on land, such as a medical emergency.

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Emil Lang

Emil Lang (14 January 1909 – 3 September 1944), nicknamed "Bully", was a Luftwaffe flying ace during World War II.

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Empire of Japan

The was the historical nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of modern Japan.

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England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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Enna

Enna (Sicilian: Castrugiuvanni; Greek: Ἔννα; Latin: Henna and less frequently Haenna) is a city and comune located roughly at the center of Sicily, southern Italy, in the province of Enna, towering above the surrounding countryside.

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Eric Knight

Eric Mowbray Knight (April 10, 1897 – January 15, 1943) was an English novelist and screenwriter, who is mainly known for his 1940 novel Lassie Come-Home, which introduced the fictional collie Lassie.

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Eric Sevareid

Arnold Eric Sevareid (November 26, 1912 – July 9, 1992) was an American author and CBS news journalist from 1939 to 1977.

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Ernest King

Ernest Joseph King (23 November 1878 – 25 June 1956) was Commander in Chief, United States Fleet (COMINCH) and Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) during World War II.

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Escort carrier

The escort carrier or escort aircraft carrier (US hull classification symbol CVE), also called a "jeep carrier" or "baby flattop" in the United States Navy (USN) or "Woolworth Carrier" by the Royal Navy, was a small and slow type of aircraft carrier used by the Royal Navy, the Imperial Japanese Navy and Imperial Japanese Army Air Force, and the United States Navy in World War II.

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Essen

Essen (Latin: Assindia) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Fairchild AT-21 Gunner

The Fairchild AT-21 was an American World War II specialized bomber crew trainer, intended to train crews in the use of power gun turrets or a gun on a flexible mount, as well as learn to function as a member of a crew.

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Fairey Barracuda

The Fairey Barracuda was a British carrier-borne torpedo and dive bomber used during the Second World War, the first of its type used by the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm to be fabricated entirely from metal.

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Fairey Swordfish

The Fairey Swordfish was a biplane torpedo bomber designed by the Fairey Aviation Company.

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Fallschirmjäger

Fallschirmjäger is the German word for paratroopers.

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Fast Carrier Task Force

The Fast Carrier Task Force was the main striking force of the United States Navy in the Pacific War from January 1944 through the end of the war in August 1945.

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Ferry

A ferry is a merchant vessel used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water.

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Field marshal

Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is a very senior military rank, ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks.

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Fieseler Fi 156

The Fieseler Fi 156 Storch (English: Stork) was a small German liaison aircraft built by Fieseler before and during World War II.

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Fifth Air Force

The Fifth Air Force (5 AF) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Pacific Air Forces (PACAF).

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Fighter aircraft

A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, as opposed to bombers and attack aircraft, whose main mission is to attack ground targets.

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Finschhafen

Finschhafen is a town 80 kilometers east of Lae on the Huon Peninsula in Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea.

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Firestorm

A firestorm is a conflagration which attains such intensity that it creates and sustains its own wind system.

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First lieutenant

First lieutenant is a commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces and, in some forces, an appointment.

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Firth of Clyde

The Firth of Clyde is an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean off the southwest coast of Scotland, named for the River Clyde which empties into it.

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Fisher P-75 Eagle

The General Motors/Fisher P-75 Eagle was a fighter aircraft designed by the Fisher Body Division of General Motors.

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Flare

A flare, also sometimes called a fusee, is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a brilliant light or intense heat without an explosion.

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Fleet carrier

A fleet carrier is an aircraft carrier designed to operate with the main fleet of a nation's navy.

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Flight attendant

Flight attendants or cabin crew (also known as stewards/stewardesses, air hosts/hostesses, cabin attendants) are members of an aircrew employed by airlines primarily to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers aboard commercial flights, on select business jet aircraft, and on some military aircraft.

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Flight deck

The flight deck of an aircraft carrier is the surface from which its aircraft take off and land, essentially a miniature airfield at sea.

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Flight lieutenant

Flight Lieutenant (Flt Lt in the RAF and IAF; FLTLT in the RAAF and RNZAF—formerly sometimes F/L in all services) is a junior commissioned air force rank that originated in the Royal Naval Air Service and is still used in the Royal Air Force and many other countries, especially in the Commonwealth.

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Flight officer

The title flight officer was a military rank used by the United States Army Air Forces during World War II.

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Flight sergeant

Flight sergeant (commonly abbreviated to Flt Sgt, F/Sgt, FSGT or, currently correctly in the RAF, FS) is a senior non-commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and several other air forces which have adopted all or part of the RAF rank structure.

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Floatplane

A floatplane (float plane or pontoon plane) is a type of seaplane, with one or more slender pontoons (known as "floats") mounted under the fuselage to provide buoyancy.

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Florida

Florida (Spanish for "land of flowers") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States.

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Floyd Bennett Field

Floyd Bennett Field is an airfield in the Marine Park neighorhood of southeast Brooklyn in New York City, along the shore of Jamaica Bay.

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Flying ace

A flying ace, fighter ace or air ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down several enemy aircraft during aerial combat.

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Flying boat

A flying boat is a fixed-winged seaplane with a hull, allowing it to land on water, that usually has no type of landing gear to allow operation on land.

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Focke-Achgelis Fa 330

The Focke-Achgelis Fa 330 Bachstelze (Wagtail) was a type of rotary-wing kite, known as a gyroglider or rotor kite.

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Focke-Wulf Fw 190

The Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Würger (Shrike) is a German single-seat, single-engine fighter aircraft designed by Kurt Tank in the late 1930s and widely used during World War II.

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Focke-Wulf Ta 154

The Focke-Wulf Ta 154 Moskito was a fast twin-engined German night fighter aircraft designed by Kurt Tank and produced by Focke-Wulf during late World War II.

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Forlì

Forlì (Furlè; Forum Livii) is a comune and city in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, and is the capital of the province of Forlì-Cesena.

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Fourteenth Air Force

The Fourteenth Air Force (14 AF; Air Forces Strategic) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Space Command (AFSPC).

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Frankfurt

Frankfurt, officially the City of Frankfurt am Main ("Frankfurt on the Main"), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany.

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Frascati

Frascati is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Lazio region of central Italy.

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French protectorate in Morocco

The French protectorate in Morocco (Protectorat français au Maroc; حماية فرنسا في المغرب Ḥimāyat Faransā fi-l-Maḡrib) was established by the Treaty of Fez.

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Fritz X

Fritz X was the most common name for a German guided anti-ship glide bomb used during World War II.

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Funafuti

Funafuti is an atoll on which the capital of the island nation of Tuvalu is located.

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Gale

A gale is a strong wind, typically used as a descriptor in nautical contexts.

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Galveston, Texas

Galveston is a coastal resort city on Galveston Island and Pelican Island in the U.S. state of Texas.

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Gee (navigation)

Gee, sometimes written GEE, was a radio navigation system used by the Royal Air Force during World War II.

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Generaloberst

Generaloberst, in English Colonel General, was, in Germany and Austria-Hungary—the German Reichswehr and Wehrmacht, the Austro-Hungarian Common Army, and the East German National People's Army, as well as the respective police services—the second highest general officer rank, ranking above full general but below general field marshal.

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Genoa

Genoa (Genova,; Zêna; English, historically, and Genua) is the capital of the Italian region of Liguria and the sixth-largest city in Italy.

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George Kenney

George Churchill Kenney (6 August 1889 – 9 August 1977) was a United States Army Air Forces general during World War II.

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German aircraft carrier Graf Zeppelin

The German aircraft carrier Graf Zeppelin was the lead ship in a class of two carriers of the same name ordered by the Kriegsmarine.

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German submarine U-134 (1941)

German submarine U-134 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

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German submarine U-177

German submarine U-177 was a Type IXD2 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

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German submarine U-519

German submarine U-519 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

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German submarine U-569

German submarine U-569 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

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German submarine U-752

German submarine U-752 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Gibraltar

Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign

The Gilbert and Marshall Islands Campaign were a series of battles fought from November 1943 through February 1944, in the Pacific Theater of World War II between the United States and the Empire of Japan.

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Gilbert Islands

The Gilbert Islands (Tungaru;Reilly Ridgell. Pacific Nations and Territories: The Islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. 3rd. Ed. Honolulu: Bess Press, 1995. p. 95. formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill IslandsVery often, this name applied only to the southern islands of the archipelago, the northern half being designated as the Scarborough Islands. Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam Webster, 1997. p. 594) are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean about halfway between Papua New Guinea and Hawaii.

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Glide bomb

A glide bomb or stand-off bomb is a standoff weapon with flight control surfaces to give it a flatter, gliding flight path than that of a conventional bomb without such surfaces.

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Glider (aircraft)

A glider is a heavier-than-air aircraft that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its lifting surfaces, and whose free flight does not depend on an engine.

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Glider infantry

Glider infantry (also referred to as airlanding infantry esp. in British usage) was a type of airborne infantry in which soldiers and their equipment were inserted into enemy-controlled territory via military glider rather than parachute.

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Gloster Meteor

The Gloster Meteor was the first British jet fighter and the Allies' only jet aircraft to achieve combat operations during the Second World War.

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Government of Canada

The Government of Canada (Gouvernement du Canada), formally Her Majesty's Government (Gouvernement de Sa Majesté), is the federal administration of Canada.

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Gran Sasso d'Italia

Gran Sasso d'Italia (is an Apennine secondary mountain massif. Its highest peak, Corno Grande (2,912 metres, the Big Horn), is the highest mountain in the Apennines and outside the Alps. Included in Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park, is a popular touristic attraction and ski resort, used several times as filming locations.

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Gran Sasso raid

The Gran Sasso raid or Operation Eiche ("Oak") was the rescue of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini by German paratroopers led by Major Otto-Harald Mors and Waffen-SS commandos in September 1943, during World War II.

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Greece

No description.

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Group captain

Group captain is a senior commissioned rank in many air forces.

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Grumman F4F Wildcat

The Grumman F4F Wildcat is an American carrier-based fighter aircraft that began service with both the United States Navy and the British Royal Navy in 1940, where it was initially known by the latter as the Martlet.

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Grumman F6F Hellcat

The Grumman F6F Hellcat is an American carrier-based fighter aircraft of World War II.

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Grumman F7F Tigercat

The Grumman F7F Tigercat is a heavy fighter aircraft that served with the United States Navy (USN) and United States Marine Corps (USMC) from late in World War II until 1954.

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Grumman TBF Avenger

The Grumman TBF Avenger (designated TBM for aircraft manufactured by General Motors) is an American torpedo bomber developed initially for the United States Navy and Marine Corps, and eventually used by several air and naval aviation services around the world.

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Guadalcanal

Guadalcanal (indigenous name: Isatabu) is the principal island in Guadalcanal Province of the nation of Solomon Islands, located in the south-western Pacific, northeast of Australia.

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Guadalcanal Campaign

The Guadalcanal Campaign, also known as the Battle of Guadalcanal and codenamed Operation Watchtower by American forces, was a military campaign fought between 7 August 1942 and 9 February 1943 on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the Pacific theater of World War II.

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Gulf of Mexico

The Gulf of Mexico (Golfo de México) is an ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent.

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Gulf of Paria

The Gulf of Paria (Golfo de Paria) is a shallow (37m at its deepest) semi-enclosed inland sea located between the island of Trinidad (Republic of Trinidad and Tobago) and the east coast of Venezuela.

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H2S (radar)

H2S was the first airborne, ground scanning radar system.

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Hachijō-jima

is a volcanic Japanese island in the Philippine Sea.

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Hagen

Hagen is the 41st-largest city in Germany.

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Halifax, Nova Scotia

Halifax, officially known as the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM), is the capital of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

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Hamburg

Hamburg (locally), Hamborg, officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Friee un Hansestadt Hamborg),Constitution of Hamburg), is the second-largest city of Germany as well as one of the country's 16 constituent states, with a population of roughly 1.8 million people. The city lies at the core of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region which spreads across four German federal states and is home to more than five million people. The official name reflects Hamburg's history as a member of the medieval Hanseatic League, a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire, a city-state and one of the 16 states of Germany. Before the 1871 Unification of Germany, it was a fully sovereign state. Prior to the constitutional changes in 1919 it formed a civic republic headed constitutionally by a class of hereditary grand burghers or Hanseaten. The city has repeatedly been beset by disasters such as the Great Fire of Hamburg, exceptional coastal flooding and military conflicts including World War II bombing raids. Historians remark that the city has managed to recover and emerge wealthier after each catastrophe. Situated on the river Elbe, Hamburg is home to Europe's second-largest port and a broad corporate base. In media, the major regional broadcasting firm NDR, the printing and publishing firm italic and the newspapers italic and italic are based in the city. Hamburg remains an important financial center, the seat of Germany's oldest stock exchange and the world's oldest merchant bank, Berenberg Bank. Media, commercial, logistical, and industrial firms with significant locations in the city include multinationals Airbus, italic, italic, italic, and Unilever. The city is a forum for and has specialists in world economics and international law with such consular and diplomatic missions as the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the EU-LAC Foundation, and the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. In recent years, the city has played host to multipartite international political conferences and summits such as Europe and China and the G20. Former German Chancellor italic, who governed Germany for eight years, and Angela Merkel, German chancellor since 2005, come from Hamburg. The city is a major international and domestic tourist destination. It ranked 18th in the world for livability in 2016. The Speicherstadt and Kontorhausviertel were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 2015. Hamburg is a major European science, research, and education hub, with several universities and institutions. Among its most notable cultural venues are the italic and italic concert halls. It gave birth to movements like Hamburger Schule and paved the way for bands including The Beatles. Hamburg is also known for several theatres and a variety of musical shows. St. Pauli's italic is among the best-known European entertainment districts.

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Handley Page Halifax

The Handley Page Halifax was a Royal Air Force (RAF) four-engined heavy bomber of the Second World War.

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Hanover

Hanover or Hannover (Hannover), on the River Leine, is the capital and largest city of the German state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg (later described as the Elector of Hanover).

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Hans Jeschonnek

Hans Jeschonnek (9 April 1899 – 18 August 1943) was a German Generaloberst and a Chief of the General Staff of Nazi Germany′s Luftwaffe during World War II.

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Hauptmann

Hauptmann is a German word usually translated as captain when it is used as an officer's rank in the German, Austrian and Swiss armies.

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Hauptsturmführer

Hauptsturmführer ("head storm leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in several Nazi organizations such as the SS, NSKK and the NSFK.

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Hawker Hurricane

The Hawker Hurricane is a British single-seat fighter aircraft of the 1930s–1940s that was designed and predominantly built by Hawker Aircraft Ltd.

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Hawkins Field (Tarawa)

Hawkins Field is a former World War II airfield on Betio, Tarawa in the Gilbert Islands of the Central Pacific.

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Headquarters

Headquarters (commonly referred to as HQ or HD) is/are the locations where most, if not all, of the important functions of an organization are coordinated.

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Heavy cruiser

The heavy cruiser was a type of cruiser, a naval warship designed for long range and high speed, armed generally with naval guns of roughly 203mm calibre (8 inches in caliber) of whose design parameters were dictated by the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 and the London Naval Treaty of 1930.

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Heinkel

Heinkel Flugzeugwerke was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel.

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Heinkel He 111

The Heinkel He 111 was a German aircraft designed by Siegfried and Walter Günter at Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in 1934.

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Heinkel He 177

The Heinkel He 177 Greif ("Griffin") was a large, long-range heavy bomber flown by the Luftwaffe during World War II.

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Heinkel He 219

The Heinkel He 219 Uhu ("Eagle-Owl") was a night fighter that served with the German Luftwaffe in the later stages of World War II.

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Heinkel He 280

The Heinkel He 280 was the first turbojet-powered fighter aircraft in the world.

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Heisman Trophy

The Heisman Memorial Trophy (usually known colloquially as the Heisman Trophy or The Heisman), is awarded annually to the most outstanding player in college football in the United States whose performance best exhibits the pursuit of excellence with integrity.

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Helicopter

A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by rotors.

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Henderson Field (Midway Atoll)

Henderson Field is a public airport located on Sand Island in Midway Atoll, an unincorporated territory of the United States.

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Henry M. Mullinnix

Henry Maston Mullinnix (July 4, 1892 – November 24, 1943) was an aviator and Admiral of the United States Navy during World War II.

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Henschel Hs 126

The Henschel Hs 126 was a German two-seat reconnaissance and observation aircraft of World War II that was derived from the Henschel Hs 122.

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Henschel Hs 293

The Henschel Hs 293 was a World War II German anti-ship guided missile: a radio controlled glide bomb with a rocket engine slung underneath it.

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Hermann Göring

Hermann Wilhelm Göring (or Goering;; 12 January 1893 – 15 October 1946) was a German political and military leader as well as one of the most powerful figures in the Nazi Party (NSDAP) that ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945.

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High-speed transport

High-speed transports were converted destroyers and destroyer escorts used in US Navy amphibious operations in World War II and afterward.

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HMHS Newfoundland

HMHS Newfoundland was a British Royal Mail Ship that was requisitioned as a hospital ship in the World War II.

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HMS Archer (D78)

HMS Archer was a built by the United States in 1939–1940 and operated by the Royal Navy during World War II.

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HMS Attacker (D02)

HMS Attacker (D02) was an escort aircraft carrier that served with the Royal Navy during the Second World War.

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HMS Battler (D18)

HMS Battler (D18) was an escort aircraft carrier that served with the Royal Navy during the Second World War.

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HMS Hunter (D80)

USS Block Island (CVE-8) (originally AVG and then ACV) was an ''Attacker''-class escort aircraft carrier that served during World War II.

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HMS Stalker (D91)

The USS Hamlin (CVE-15) was one of a large group of escort aircraft carriers built on Maritime Commission C-3 hulls and transferred to the Royal Navy under lend-lease during World War II.

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HMS Warspite (03)

HMS Warspite was a built for the Royal Navy during the early 1910s.

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HMT Rohna

HMT Rohna was a British India Steam Navigation Company passenger and cargo liner that was built on Tyneside in 1926 as SS Rohna and requisitioned as a troop ship in 1940.

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Horned owl

The American (North and South America) horned owls and the Old World eagle-owls make up the genus Bubo, at least as traditionally described.

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Hospital ship

A hospital ship is a ship designated for primary function as a floating medical treatment facility or hospital.

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Hugh Malcolm

Wing Commander Hugh Gordon Malcolm VC (2 May 1917 – 4 December 1942) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

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Hunter-killer Group

Hunter-killer Groups, also known as Convoy Support Groups, were groupings of anti-submarine warships that were actively deployed to attack submarines during World War II.

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Hurricane hunters

Hurricane hunters are aircrews that fly into tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic Ocean and Northeastern Pacific Ocean to gather weather data.

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Hvardiiske, Simferopol Raion

Hvardiiske (Sarabuz, Гвардейское, Гвардійське) is an urban-type settlement in Simferopol Raion of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and incorporated by Russia as the Republic of Crimea.

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IG Farben

IG Farben was a German chemical and pharmaceutical industry conglomerate.

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Ilyushin Il-6

The Ilyushin Il-6 was a Soviet long-range bomber developed from the Ilyushin Il-4 during 1942.

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Ilyushin Il-8

The Ilyushin Il-8 was a Soviet ground-attack aircraft developed by Ilyushin to replace the Ilyushin Il-2.

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Imagery intelligence

Imagery intelligence (IMINT) is an intelligence gathering discipline which collects information via satellite and aerial photography.

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Imperial Japanese Army

The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA; Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun; "Army of the Greater Japanese Empire") was the official ground-based armed force of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945.

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Imperial Japanese Army Air Service

The or, more literally, the Greater Japan Empire Army Air Corps, was the aviation force of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA).

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Imperial Japanese Navy

The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國海軍 Shinjitai: 大日本帝国海軍 or 日本海軍 Nippon Kaigun, "Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire") was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 until 1945, when it was dissolved following Japan's defeat and surrender in World War II.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering (approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface).

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Instrument flight rules

Instrument flight rules (IFR) is one of two sets of regulations governing all aspects of civil aviation aircraft operations; the other is visual flight rules (VFR).

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Internment

Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges, and thus no trial.

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Ironbottom Sound

"Ironbottom Sound" (alternatively Iron Bottom Sound or Ironbottomed Sound or Iron Bottom Bay) is the name given by Allied sailors to the stretch of water at the southern end of The Slot between Guadalcanal, Savo Island, and Florida Island of the Solomon Islands, because of the dozens of ships and planes that sank there during the Battle of Guadalcanal in 1942–43.

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Isle of Arran

Arran (Eilean Arainn) or the Isle of Arran is the largest island in the Firth of Clyde and the seventh largest Scottish island, at.

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Isoroku Yamamoto

was a Japanese Marshal Admiral of the Navy and the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet during World War II until his death.

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Italian Co-belligerent Air Force

The Italian Co-Belligerent Air Force (Aviazione Cobelligerante Italiana, or ACI), or Air Force of the South (Aeronautica del Sud), was the air force of the Royalist "Badoglio government" in southern Italy during the last years of World War II.

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Italian ship Roma

Roma was the name of three ships of the Regia Marina (Italian Royal Navy), and may refer to.

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Italian Social Republic

The Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana,; RSI), informally known as the Republic of Salò (Repubblica di Salò), was a German puppet state with limited recognition that was created during the later part of World War II, existing from the beginning of German occupation of Italy in September 1943 until the surrender of German troops in Italy in May 1945.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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J. William Ditter

John William Ditter (September 5, 1888 – November 21, 1943) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Jagdgeschwader 300

Jagdgeschwader 300 (JG 300) was a Luftwaffe fighter-wing of World War II.

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Jaluit Atoll

Jaluit Atoll (Marshallese: Jālwōj,, or Jālooj) is a large coral atoll of 91 islands in the Pacific Ocean and forms a legislative district of the Ralik Chain of the Marshall Islands.

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James E. Swett

James Elms Swett (June 15, 1920 – January 18, 2009) was a United States Marine Corps fighter pilot and flying ace during World War II.

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Jane Froman

Jane Froman (November 10, 1907 – April 22, 1980) was an American singer and actress.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Japanese aircraft carrier Chūyō

Chūyō (冲鷹, "hawk which soars") was a ''Taiyō''-class escort carrier originally built as, the first of her class of three passenger-cargo liners built in Japan during the late 1930s.

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Japanese cruiser Agano

was the lead ship of the s which served with the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II.

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Japanese cruiser Aoba

was the lead ship in the two-vessel of heavy cruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy.

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Japanese cruiser Atago

was the second vessel in the heavy cruisers, active in World War II with the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN).

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Japanese cruiser Isuzu

was the second of six vessels in the of light cruisers, and like other vessels of her class, she was intended for use as the flagship of a destroyer flotilla.

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Japanese cruiser Kumano

was one of four of heavy cruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy, serving in World War II.

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Japanese cruiser Maya

was one of four heavy cruisers, active in World War II with the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN).

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Japanese cruiser Mogami (1934)

was the lead ship in the four-vessel of heavy cruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy.

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Japanese cruiser Nagara

was the lead ship of her class of light cruiser in the Imperial Japanese Navy.

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Japanese cruiser Noshiro

was an which served with the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II.

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Japanese cruiser Takao (1930)

was the lead vessel in the heavy cruisers, active in World War II with the Imperial Japanese Navy.

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Japanese seaplane carrier Nisshin

was a seaplane tender (CVS) of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.

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Japanese submarine I-175

The Japanese submarine I-175 (I-75, until 20 May 1942) was a ''Kaidai'' type of cruiser submarine of the KD6B sub-class, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the mid-1930s.

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Jefferson J. DeBlanc

Jefferson Joseph DeBlanc (February 15, 1921 – November 22, 2007) was a Cajun-American World War II Marine Corps fighter pilot and flying ace, credited with shooting down nine Japanese aircraft during two tours of duty in the Pacific at Guadalcanal and Okinawa.

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Joe Foss

Joseph Jacob Foss (April 17, 1915 – January 1, 2003) was a United States Marine Corps major and the leading Marine fighter ace in World War II.

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Joseph Goebbels

Paul Joseph Goebbels (29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German Nazi politician and Reich Minister of Propaganda of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945.

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Junkers Ju 252

The Junkers Ju 252 was a cargo aircraft that made its first flight in late October 1941.

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Junkers Ju 290

The Junkers Ju 290 was a large, four-engine long-range transport and maritime patrol aircraft used by the Luftwaffe late in World War II that had been developed from an earlier airliner.

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Junkers Ju 352

The Junkers Ju 352 Herkules ("Hercules" in German) was a German World War II transport aircraft that was developed from the Junkers Ju 252.

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Junkers Ju 388

The Junkers Ju 388 Störtebeker is a World War II German Luftwaffe multi-role aircraft based on the Ju 88 airframe by way of the Ju 188.

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Junkers Ju 390

The Junkers Ju 390 was a German long-range derivative of the Junkers Ju 290 aircraft, intended to be used as a heavy transport aircraft, maritime patrol aircraft and long-range bomber.

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Junkers Ju 87

The Junkers Ju 87 or Stuka (from Sturzkampfflugzeug, "dive bomber") is a German dive bomber and ground-attack aircraft.

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Junkers Ju 88

The Junkers Ju 88 was a German World War II Luftwaffe twin-engined multirole combat aircraft.

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Junkers Jumo 222

The Jumo 222 was a high-power multiple-bank in-line piston aircraft engine design from Junkers, designed under the management of Ferdinand Brandner of the Junkers Motorenwerke.

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Kahili Airfield

Kahili Airfield, also known as Buin Airfield, was an airfield located near Buin, Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea.

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Kamchatka Peninsula

The Kamchatka Peninsula (полуо́стров Камча́тка, Poluostrov Kamchatka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (780 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi).

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Kampfgeschwader 100

Kampfgeschwader 100 (KG 100) was a Luftwaffe medium and heavy bomber wing of World War II, and the first military aviation unit to use an unpowered precision-guided munition in combat to sink a warship on 9 September 1943 with the destruction of the, in the first successful use of the Fritz X armor-piercing, gravity PGM ordnance.

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Kanton Island

Kanton Island (also known as Canton Island or Abariringa Island), alternatively known as "Mary Island", "Mary Balcout's Island" or "Swallow Island", is the largest, northernmost, and, the sole inhabited island of the Phoenix Islands, in the Republic of Kiribati.

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Kara, Bougainville

Kara is a town in southern Bougainville, north of Buin.

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Kassel

Kassel (spelled Cassel until 1928) is a city located at the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany.

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Kavieng

Kavieng is the capital of the Papua New Guinean province of New Ireland and the largest town on the island of the same name.

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Kawanishi H8K

The Kawanishi H8K (二式飛行艇, Nishiki Hikōtei, Type 2 Flying Boat. Commonly called as 二式大型飛行艇 Nishiki Ōgata Hikōtei, 二式大艇 Nishiki Daitei or Nishiki Taitei, Type 2 Large-sized Flying Boat) is an Imperial Japanese Navy flying boat used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service during World War II for maritime patrol duties.

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Kawanishi N1K

The Kawanishi N1K Kyōfū (強風 "strong wind", Allied reporting name "Rex") is an Imperial Japanese Navy floatplane fighter.

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Kawasaki Ki-48

The Kawasaki Ki-48, 九九式双発軽爆撃機(shiki-souhatu-keibaku) shortened to 'Sokei', Army Type 99 Twin-engined Light Bomber, was a Japanese twin-engine light bomber that was used during World War II.

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Kawasaki Ki-61

The Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien (飛燕, "flying swallow") is a Japanese World War II fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service.

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Kawasaki Ki-64

The Kawasaki Ki-64 (Allied code name: Rob) was a one-off prototype of an experimental heavy, single seat, fighter.

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Kawasaki Ki-96

The Kawasaki Ki-96 was a Japanese single seat, twin-engine heavy fighter of World War II.

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Kentucky

Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States.

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Kiel

Kiel is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 249,023 (2016).

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Kiev

Kiev or Kyiv (Kyiv; Kiyev; Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper.

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Kiska

Kiska (Qisxa) is an island in the Rat Islands group of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska.

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Kola Bay

Kola Bay (Кольский залив) or Murmansk Fjord is a 57-km-long fjord of the Barents Sea that cuts into the northern part of the Kola Peninsula.

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Kolkata

Kolkata (also known as Calcutta, the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal.

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Kolombangara

Kolombangara (sometimes spelled Kulambangara) is an island in the New Georgia Islands group of the Solomon Islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Krefeld

Krefeld, also known as Crefeld until 1929, is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Krupp

The Krupp family (see pronunciation), a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, became famous for their production of steel, artillery, ammunition, and other armaments.

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Kuril Islands

The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands (or; p or r; Japanese: or), in Russia's Sakhalin Oblast region, form a volcanic archipelago that stretches approximately northeast from Hokkaido, Japan, to Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean.

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Kwajalein Atoll

Kwajalein Atoll (Marshallese: Kuwajleen) is part of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI).

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Kyushu Hikoki

The was a Japanese manufacturer of military aircraft during World War II.

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Kyushu Q1W

The Kyūshū Q1W Tokai (東海 "Eastern Sea"), was a land-based anti-submarine patrol bomber aircraft developed for the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II.

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La Spezia

La Spezia (A Spèza in the local dialect of Spezzina), at the head of the Gulf of La Spezia in the southern part of the Liguria region of Northern Italy, is the capital city of the province of La Spezia.

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Ladbergen

Ladbergen is a municipality in the district of Steinfurt, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Lae

Lae is the capital of Morobe Province and is the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea.

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Lagoon

A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs.

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Landing craft

Landing craft are small and medium seagoing vessels such as boats, and barges, used to convey a landing force (infantry and vehicles) from the sea to the shore during an amphibious assault.

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Landing Craft Infantry

The Landing Craft Infantry (LCI) were several classes of seagoing amphibious assault ships of the Second World War used to land large numbers of infantry directly onto beaches.

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Landing craft tank

The landing craft, tank (or tank landing craft) was an amphibious assault craft for landing tanks on beachheads.

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Landing Ship, Tank

Landing Ship, Tank (LST), or tank landing ship, is the naval designation for ships built during World War II to support amphibious operations by carrying tanks, vehicles, cargo, and landing troops directly onto shore with no docks or piers.

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Lassie

Lassie is a fictional character created by Eric Knight; she is a female Rough Collie dog, and is featured in a short story that was later expanded to a full-length novel called Lassie Come-Home.

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Leipzig

Leipzig is the most populous city in the federal state of Saxony, Germany.

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Len Supulski

Leonard Peter Supulski (December 15, 1920 – August 31, 1943) was an American football end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Philadelphia Eagles.

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Leslie Howard

Leslie Howard Steiner (3 April 18931 June 1943) was an English stage and film actor, director, and producer.

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Leutnant

Leutnant (OF-1b) is the lowest Lieutenant officer rank in the armed forces of Germany (Bundeswehr), Austrian Armed Forces, and military of Switzerland.

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Leverkusen

Leverkusen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany on the eastern bank of the Rhine.

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Liberty ship

Liberty ships were a class of cargo ship built in the United States during World War II.

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Libya

Libya (ليبيا), officially the State of Libya (دولة ليبيا), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.

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Lichtenstein radar

The Lichtenstein radar was among the earliest airborne radars available to the Luftwaffe in World War II and the first one used exclusively for air interception.

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Lieutenant

A lieutenant (abbreviated Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a junior commissioned officer in the armed forces, fire services, police and other organizations of many nations.

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Lieutenant colonel (United States)

In the United States Army, U.S. Marine Corps, and U.S. Air Force, a lieutenant colonel is a field grade military officer rank just above the rank of major and just below the rank of colonel.

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Lieutenant commander

Lieutenant commander (also hyphenated lieutenant-commander and abbreviated LCdr, LCdr. or LCDR) is a commissioned officer rank in many navies.

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Lieutenant commander (United States)

Lieutenant commander (LCDR) is a mid-ranking officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps), with the pay grade of O-4 and NATO rank code OF-3.

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Light aircraft carrier

A light aircraft carrier, or light fleet carrier, is an aircraft carrier that is smaller than the standard carriers of a navy.

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Light cruiser

A light cruiser is a type of small- or medium-sized warship.

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Lioré et Olivier LeO H-47

The Lioré et Olivier LeO H-47 was a flying boat airliner built in France in 1936.

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Lisbon

Lisbon (Lisboa) is the capital and the largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 552,700, Census 2011 results according to the 2013 administrative division of Portugal within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2.

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List of Air Fleets of the Imperial Japanese Navy

During the Pacific War of 1941-45, the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service disposed of an increasing number of "air fleets" - airborne combat units attached to the Navy.

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List of Gauleiters

The following list of Gauleiters enumerates those who have held the Nazi party rank of Gauleiter, a type of regional party leader germane only within Adolf Hitler's system.

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List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (F)

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (G)

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (Ha–Hm)

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (Kn–Kz)

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Livorno

Livorno is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy.

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Loch Ewe

Loch Ewe (Loch Iùbh) is a sea loch in the region of Wester Ross in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland.

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Lockheed Constellation

The Lockheed Constellation ("Connie") is a propeller-driven, four-engined airliner built by Lockheed Corporation between 1943 and 1958 at Burbank, California.

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Lockheed P-38 Lightning

The Lockheed P-38 Lightning is a World War II-era American piston-engined fighter aircraft.

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Lockheed Ventura

The Lockheed Ventura is a twin engine medium bomber of World War II, used by United States and British Commonwealth forces in several guises, including maritime patrol.

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Longeron

In engineering, a longeron is a load-bearing component of a framework.

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Lorient

Lorient is a town (French "commune") and seaport in the Morbihan "department" of Brittany in North-Western France.

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Lozova

Lozova (Лозова́) or Lozovaya (Лозова́я) is a city in Kharkiv Oblast (province) of eastern Ukraine.

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Ludwigshafen

Ludwigshafen am Rhein is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the Rhine opposite Mannheim.

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Luftwaffe

The Luftwaffe was the aerial warfare branch of the combined German Wehrmacht military forces during World War II.

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Luhansk Oblast

Luhansk Oblast (Луганська область, translit. Luhanśka oblastj, Луганская область, translit. Luganskaja oblastj; also referred to as Luhanshchyna, translit) is the easternmost oblast (province) of Ukraine.

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Lydia Litvyak

Lydia Vladimirovna Litvyak (Лидия Владимировна Литвяк, (August 18, 1921, in Moscow – August 1, 1943, in Krasnyi Luch), also known as Lilya, was a fighter pilot in the Soviet Air Force during World War II.Goodpaster 2009, p. 27. With five solo victories, soviet propaganda claimed up to twelve solo victories and two to four shared kills in 66 combat sorties.Jackson 2003, p. 57.Seidl 1998, p. 323.Spick 1999, p. 120. In about two years of operations, she was the first female fighter pilot to shoot down an enemy aircraft, the first of two female fighter pilots who have earned the title of fighter ace and the holder of the record for the greatest number of kills by a female fighter pilot. She was shot down near Orel during the Battle of Kursk as she attacked a formation of German aeroplanes.

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Mach number

In fluid dynamics, the Mach number (M or Ma) is a dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound.

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Madang

Madang (old German name: Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen) is the capital of Madang Province and is a town with a population of 27,420 (in 2005) on the north coast of Papua New Guinea.

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Main (river)

The Main (is a river in Germany. With a length of (including its 52 km long source river White Main), it is the longest right tributary of the Rhine. It is also the longest river lying entirely in Germany (if the Weser and the Werra are considered as two separate rivers; together they are longer). The largest cities along the Main are Frankfurt am Main and Würzburg.

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Mainz

Satellite view of Mainz (south of the Rhine) and Wiesbaden Mainz (Mogontiacum, Mayence) is the capital and largest city of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany.

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Major

Major is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world.

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Major (Germany)

Major is the lowest staff officer rank in the German Army (Heer), German Air Force (Luftwaffe).

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Major (United States)

In the United States Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force, major is a field grade military officer rank above the rank of captain and below the rank of lieutenant colonel.

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Major general

Major general (abbreviated MG, Maj. Gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries.

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Major general (United States)

In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and United States Air Force, major general is a two-star general-officer rank, with the pay grade of O-8.

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Maloelap Atoll

The Maloelap Atoll (Marshallese: M̧aļoeļap) (also spelled Maleolap) is a coral atoll of 71 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands.

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Mannheim

Mannheim (Palatine German: Monnem or Mannem) is a city in the southwestern part of Germany, the third-largest in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after Stuttgart and Karlsruhe with a 2015 population of approximately 305,000 inhabitants.

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Marc Milner

Joseph Marc Milner, (born 12 April 1954) is a Canadian military and naval historian, author of several books including one novel.

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Mariana Islands

The Mariana Islands (also the Marianas) are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the western North Pacific Ocean, between the 12th and 21st parallels north and along the 145th meridian east.

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Marshall Islands

The Marshall Islands, officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands (Aolepān Aorōkin M̧ajeļ), is an island country located near the equator in the Pacific Ocean, slightly west of the International Date Line.

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Martin M-130

The Martin M-130 was a commercial flying boat designed and built in 1935 by the Glenn L. Martin Company in Baltimore, Maryland, for Pan American Airways.

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Matome Ugaki

was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II, remembered for his extensive and revealing war diary, role at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, and kamikaze suicide hours after the announced surrender of Japan at the end of the war.

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Möhne Reservoir

The Möhne Reservoir, or Moehne Reservoir, is an artificial lake in North Rhine-Westphalia, some 45 km east of Dortmund, Germany.

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Mönchengladbach

Mönchengladbach is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Medal of Honor

The Medal of Honor is the United States of America's highest and most prestigious personal military decoration that may be awarded to recognize U.S. military service members who distinguished themselves by acts of valor.

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Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant.

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Memphis Belle (aircraft)

Memphis Belle is a Boeing B-17F Flying Fortress used during the Second World War that inspired the making of two motion pictures: a 1944 documentary film, Memphis Belle: A Story of a Flying Fortress, and a 1990 Hollywood feature film, Memphis Belle.

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Merchant aircraft carrier

A merchant aircraft carrier (also known as a MAC) was a limited-purpose aircraft carrier operated under British and Dutch civilian registry during World War II.

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Merchant vessel

A merchant vessel, trading vessel or merchantman is a boat or ship that transports cargo or carries passengers for hire.

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Messerschmitt Bf 109

The Messerschmitt Bf 109 is a German World War II fighter aircraft that was the backbone of the Luftwaffe's fighter force.

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Messerschmitt Bf 110

--> The Messerschmitt Bf 110, often known non-officially as the Me 110, was a twin-engine heavy fighter (Zerstörer—German for "Destroyer") and fighter-bomber (Jagdbomber or Jabo) developed in Nazi Germany in the 1930s and used by the Luftwaffe during World War II.

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Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet

The Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet was a German rocket-powered interceptor aircraft.

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Messerschmitt Me 262

The Messerschmitt Me 262, nicknamed Schwalbe (German: "Swallow") in fighter versions, or Sturmvogel (German: "Storm Bird") in fighter-bomber versions, was the world's first operational jet-powered fighter aircraft.

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Mexico

Mexico (México; Mēxihco), officially called the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.

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Miami

Miami is a major port city on the Atlantic coast of south Florida in the southeastern United States.

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Milan

Milan (Milano; Milan) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome, with the city proper having a population of 1,380,873 while its province-level municipality has a population of 3,235,000.

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Miles M.39B Libellula

The M.39B Libellula (from Libellulidae, a taxonomic family of dragonflies) was a Second World War tandem wing experimental aircraft built by Miles Aircraft, designed to give the pilot the best view possible for landing on aircraft carriers.

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Mili Atoll

Mili Atoll (Marshallese: Mile) is a coral atoll of 92 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands.

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Military aircraft insignia

Military aircraft insignia are insignia applied to military aircraft to identify the nation or branch of military service to which the aircraft belongs.

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Military glider

Military gliders (an offshoot of common gliders) have been used by the military of various countries for carrying troops (glider infantry) and heavy equipment to a combat zone, mainly during the Second World War.

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Military transport aircraft

Military transport aircraft or military cargo aircraft are typically fixed wing and rotary wing cargo aircraft which are used to airlift troops, weapons and other military equipment by a variety of methods to any area of military operations around the surface of the planet, usually outside the commercial flight routes in uncontrolled airspace.

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Milne Bay

Milne Bay is a large bay in Milne Bay Province, south-eastern Papua New Guinea.

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Minami-Tori-shima

, also known as Marcus Island, is an isolated Japanese coral atoll in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, located some southeast of Tokyo and east of the closest Japanese island, South Iwo Jima of the Ogasawara Islands, and nearly on a straight line between mainland Tokyo and the United States' Wake Island, further to the east-southeast.

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Minesweeper

A minesweeper is a small naval warship designed to engage in minesweeping.

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Ministry of Aviation (Nazi Germany)

The Ministry of Aviation, December 1938 The Ministry of Aviation (Reichsluftfahrtministerium), abbreviated RLM, was a government department during the period of Nazi Germany (1933–45).

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Missile

In modern language, a missile is a guided self-propelled system, as opposed to an unguided self-propelled munition, referred to as a rocket (although these too can also be guided).

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Missouri

Missouri is a state in the Midwestern United States.

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Mitsubishi A6M Zero

The Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" is a long-range fighter aircraft manufactured by Mitsubishi Aircraft Company, a part of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1940 to 1945.

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Mitsubishi F1M

The Mitsubishi F1M (Allied reporting name "Pete") was a Japanese reconnaissance floatplane of World War II.

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Mitsubishi G4M

The Mitsubishi G4M (long designation: Mitsubishi Navy Type 1 attack bomber: 一式陸上攻撃機, 一式陸攻 Isshiki rikujō kōgeki ki, Isshikirikkō) was the main twin-engine, land-based bomber used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in World War II.

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Mitsubishi Ki-21

The Mitsubishi Ki-21 (or "Type 97 Heavy Bomber") (九七式重爆撃機 Kyūnana-shiki jūbakugekiki) (Allied reporting name: "Sally" /"Gwen") was a Japanese heavy bomber during World War II.

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Modane

Modane is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France.

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Montluçon

Montluçon (is a commune in central France on the Cher river. It is the largest commune in the Allier department, although the department's préfecture is located in the smaller town of Moulins. Its inhabitants are known as Montluçonnais. The town is in the traditional province of Bourbonnais and was part of the mediaeval duchy of Bourbon.

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Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport

Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (Aéroport international Pierre-Elliott-Trudeau de Montréal) or Montréal–Trudeau, formerly known as Montréal–Dorval International Airport (Aéroport international Montréal-Dorval), is an international airport serving Montreal, Quebec, Canada, located on the Island of Montreal, from Downtown Montreal.

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Montreal

Montreal (officially Montréal) is the most populous municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec and the second-most populous municipality in Canada.

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Munda Airport

Munda Airport is an airport in Munda on New Georgia Island in the Solomon Islands.

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Munich

Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.

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Murmansk

Murmansk (p; Мурман ланнҍ; Murmánska; Muurman) is a port city and the administrative center of Murmansk Oblast in the far northwest part of Russia.

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MV Empire MacAlpine

MV Empire MacAlpine was a grain ship converted to become the first Merchant Aircraft Carrier (MAC ship).

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Myanmar

Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia.

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Nachtjagdgeschwader 1

Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 (NJG 1) was a German Luftwaffe night fighter-wing of World War II.

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Nadzab

Nadzab Village is in the Markham Valley, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea on the Highlands Highway.

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Nakajima A6M2-N

The Nakajima A6M2-N (Navy Type 2 Interceptor/Fighter-Bomber) was a single-crew floatplane based on the Mitsubishi A6M Zero Model 11.

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Nakajima B5N

The Nakajima B5N (中島 B5N, Allied reporting name "Kate") was the standard carrier-based torpedo bomber of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) for much of World War II.

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Nakajima C6N

The Nakajima C6N Saiun (彩雲, "Iridescent Cloud") was a carrier-based reconnaissance aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in World War II.

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Nakajima J1N

The Nakajima J1N1 Gekko (月光 "Moonlight") is a twin-engine aircraft used by the Japanese Imperial Navy during World War II and was used for reconnaissance, night fighter, and kamikaze missions.

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Nakajima Ki-43

The Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa (隼, "Peregrine Falcon", "Army Type 1 Fighter" (一式戦闘機)) was a single-engine land-based tactical fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in World War II.

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Nakajima Ki-49

The "Storm Dragon" Francillon, 1970, p.223 was a twin-engine Japanese bomber aircraft of World War II.

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Nakajima Ki-84

The Nakajima is a single-seat fighter flown by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service in the last two years of World War II.

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Nanumea

Nanumea is the northwesternmost atoll in the Polynesian nation of Tuvalu, a group of nine coral atolls and islands spread over about of Pacific Ocean just south of the equator and west of the International Date Line.

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Nauru

Nauru (Naoero, or), officially the Republic of Nauru (Repubrikin Naoero) and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country in Micronesia, a subregion of Oceania, in the Central Pacific.

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Nautical mile

A nautical mile is a unit of measurement defined as exactly.

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Naval mine

A naval mine is a self-contained explosive device placed in water to damage or destroy surface ships or submarines.

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Navigator

A navigator is the person on board a ship or aircraft responsible for its navigation.

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Nazi Party

The National Socialist German Workers' Party (abbreviated NSDAP), commonly referred to in English as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945 and supported the ideology of Nazism.

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Nebraska

Nebraska is a state that lies in both the Great Plains and the Midwestern United States.

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Neel E. Kearby

Neel Ernest Kearby (June 5, 1911 – March 5, 1944) was a United States Army Air Forces colonel and P-47 Thunderbolt pilot in World War II who received the Medal of Honor for his actions in combat.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Neutral country

A neutral country is a state, which is either neutral towards belligerents in a specific war, or holds itself as permanently neutral in all future conflicts (including avoiding entering into military alliances such as NATO).

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New Britain

New Britain (Niu Briten) is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago (named after Otto von Bismarck) of Papua New Guinea.

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New Caledonia

New Caledonia (Nouvelle-Calédonie)Previously known officially as the "Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies" (Territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et dépendances), then simply as the "Territory of New Caledonia" (French: Territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie), the official French name is now only Nouvelle-Calédonie (Organic Law of 19 March 1999, article 222 IV — see). The French courts often continue to use the appellation Territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie.

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New Georgia Sound

New Georgia Sound is the sound in the New Georgia Islands region that runs approximately southeast/northwest through the middle of the Solomon Islands in the Southern Pacific Ocean and Melanesia.

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New Guinea

New Guinea (Nugini or, more commonly known, Papua, historically, Irian) is a large island off the continent of Australia.

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New Ireland (island)

New Ireland (Tok Pisin: Niu Ailan) or Latangai, is a large island in Papua New Guinea, approximately 7,404 km² in area with ca.

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New York (state)

New York is a state in the northeastern United States.

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New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Night fighter

A night fighter (also known as all-weather fighter or all-weather interceptor for a period of time post-World War II) is a fighter aircraft adapted for use at night or in other times of bad visibility.

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Nile Kinnick

Nile Clarke Kinnick Jr. (July 9, 1918 – June 2, 1943) was a student and a college football player at the University of Iowa.

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No. 218 (Gold Coast) Squadron RAF

No.

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No. 263 Squadron RAF

No 263 Squadron was a Royal Air Force fighter squadron formed in Italy towards the end of the First World War.

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No. 295 Squadron RAF

No 295 Squadron RAF was an airborne forces and transport squadron of the Royal Air Force during World War II.

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No. 330 Squadron RNoAF

No.

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No. 61 Squadron RAF

No.

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No. 611 Squadron RAF

No.

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No. 617 Squadron RAF

No.

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No. 619 Squadron RAF

No.

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North Africa

North Africa is a collective term for a group of Mediterranean countries and territories situated in the northern-most region of the African continent.

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North American A-36 Apache

The North American A-36 Apache (listed in some sources as "Invader", but also called Mustang) was the ground-attack/dive bomber version of the North American P-51 Mustang, from which it could be distinguished by the presence of rectangular, slatted dive brakes above and below the wings.

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North American B-25 Mitchell

The North American B-25 Mitchell is an American twin-engine, medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation (NAA).

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North American P-51 Mustang

The North American Aviation P-51 Mustang is an American long-range, single-seat fighter and fighter-bomber used during World War II and the Korean War, among other conflicts.

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North American T-6 Texan

The North American Aviation T-6 Texan is an American single-engined advanced trainer aircraft used to train pilots of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF), United States Navy, Royal Air Force, and other air forces of the British Commonwealth during World War II and into the 1970s.

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Northern Territory

The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia.

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Northrop N-3PB

| The Northrop N-3PB Nomad was a single-engined American floatplane of the 1940s.

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Northrop XP-56 Black Bullet

The Northrop XP-56 Black Bullet was a unique prototype fighter interceptor built by the Northrop Corporation.

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Northwest African Air Forces

Northwest African Air Forces (NAAF) was a component of the Allied Mediterranean Air Command (MAC) during February–December 1943.

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Norway

Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.

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Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia (Latin for "New Scotland"; Nouvelle-Écosse; Scottish Gaelic: Alba Nuadh) is one of Canada's three maritime provinces, and one of the four provinces that form Atlantic Canada.

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Nuremberg

Nuremberg (Nürnberg) is a city on the river Pegnitz and on the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about north of Munich.

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Obergruppenführer

Obergruppenführer ("senior group leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was first created in 1932 as a rank of the ''Sturmabteilung'' (SA), and adopted by the Schutzstaffel (SS) one year later.

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Oberhausen

Oberhausen is a city on the river Emscher in the Ruhr Area, Germany, located between Duisburg and Essen. The city hosts the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen and its Gasometer Oberhausen is an anchor point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage.

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Oberleutnant

Oberleutnant (OF-1a) is the highest lieutenant officer rank in the armed forces of Germany (Bundeswehr), Austrian Armed Forces, and Military of Switzerland.

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Oboe (navigation)

Oboe was a British aerial blind bombing targeting system in World War II, based on radio transponder technology.

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Oil

An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic (does not mix with water, literally "water fearing") and lipophilic (mixes with other oils, literally "fat loving").

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Olympic Games

The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.

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Operation Avalanche

Operation Avalanche was the codename for the Allied landings near the port of Salerno, executed on 9 September 1943, part of the Allied invasion of Italy.

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Operation Chastise

Operation Chastise was an attack on German dams carried out on 16–17 May 1943 by Royal Air Force No. 617 Squadron, later called the Dam Busters, using a purpose-built "bouncing bomb" developed by Barnes Wallis.

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Operation Cottage

Operation Cottage was a tactical maneuver which completed the Aleutian Islands campaign.

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Operation Flax

Operation Flax was a Western Allied air operation executed during the Tunisia Campaign, as part of the larger North African Campaign of the Second World War.

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Operation Fustian

Operation Fustian was an airborne forces operation undertaken during the Allied invasion of Sicily in July 1943 in the Second World War.

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Operation Leader

Operation Leader was a successful air attack conducted by the United States Navy against German shipping in the vicinity of Bodø, Norway, on 4 October 1943, during World War II.

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Operation Slapstick

Operation Slapstick was the code name for a British landing from the sea at the Italian port of Taranto during the Second World War.

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Operation Tidal Wave

Operation Tidal Wave was an air attack by bombers of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) based in Libya and Southern Italy on nine oil refineries around Ploiești, Romania on 1 August 1943, during World War II.

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Operation Vengeance

Operation Vengeance was the American military operation to kill Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto of the Imperial Japanese Navy on April 18, 1943, during the Solomon Islands campaign in the Pacific Theater of World War II.

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Oro Bay

Oro Bay is a bay in Oro Province, Papua New Guinea, located southeast of Buna.

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Oryol

Oryol or Orel (p, lit. eagle) is a city and the administrative center of Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River, approximately south-southwest of Moscow.

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Oschersleben

Oschersleben is a town in the Börde district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

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Otto Skorzeny

Otto Skorzeny (12 June 19085 July 1975) was an Austrian born SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) in the Waffen-SS during World War II.

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Pacific Northwest

The Pacific Northwest (PNW), sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in western North America bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and (loosely) by the Cascade Mountain Range on the east.

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Pacific Ocean Areas (command)

Pacific Ocean Areas was a major Allied military command in the Pacific Ocean theater of World War II.

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Pacific War

The Pacific War, sometimes called the Asia-Pacific War, was the theater of World War II that was fought in the Pacific and Asia. It was fought over a vast area that included the Pacific Ocean and islands, the South West Pacific, South-East Asia, and in China (including the 1945 Soviet–Japanese conflict). The Second Sino-Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China had been in progress since 7 July 1937, with hostilities dating back as far as 19 September 1931 with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself began on 7/8 December 1941, when Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military and naval bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines. The Pacific War saw the Allies pitted against Japan, the latter briefly aided by Thailand and to a much lesser extent by the Axis allied Germany and Italy. The war culminated in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and other large aerial bomb attacks by the Allies, accompanied by the Soviet declaration of war and invasion of Manchuria on 9 August 1945, resulting in the Japanese announcement of intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place aboard the battleship in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945. Japan's Shinto Emperor was forced to relinquish much of his authority and his divine status through the Shinto Directive in order to pave the way for extensive cultural and political reforms. After the war, Japan lost all rights and titles to its former possessions in Asia and the Pacific, and its sovereignty was limited to the four main home islands.

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Paestum

Paestum was a major ancient Greek city on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea in Magna Graecia (southern Italy).

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Palermo

Palermo (Sicilian: Palermu, Panormus, from Πάνορμος, Panormos) is a city of Southern Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Metropolitan City of Palermo.

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Pamphlet

A pamphlet is an unbound booklet (that is, without a hard cover or binding).

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Pan Am Flight 1104

Pan Am Flight 1104, trip no.

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Pan American World Airways

Pan American World Airways, originally founded as Pan American Airways and commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal and largest international air carrier in the United States from 1927 until its collapse on December 4, 1991.

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Pantelleria

Pantelleria (Pantiddirìa), the ancient Cossyra (Arabic: قوصرة, Maltese: Qawsra, now Pantellerija, Ancient Greek Kossyra, Κοσσύρα), is an Italian island and Comune in the Strait of Sicily in the Mediterranean Sea, southwest of Sicily and east of the Tunisian coast.

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Parachute

A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag (or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift).

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Parachuting

Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute/s.

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Paramaribo

Paramaribo (nickname: Par′bo) is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District.

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Paramushir

Paramushir (translit, translit, translit, is a volcanic island in the northern portion of Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is separated from Shumshu by the very narrow Second Kuril Strait in the northeast, from Antsiferov by the Luzhin Strait (15 km) to the southwest, from Atlasov in the northwest by, and from Onnekotan in the south by the 40 km wide Fourth Kuril Strait. Its northern tip is from Cape Lopatka at the southern tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Its name is derived from the Ainu language, from “broad island” or “populous island”. Severo-Kurilsk, the administrative center of the Severo-Kurilsky district, is the only permanently populated settlement on Paramushir island.

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Paratrooper

Paratroopers are military parachutists—military personnel trained in parachuting into an operation and usually functioning as part of an airborne force.

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Pathfinder (RAF)

The Pathfinders were target-marking squadrons in RAF Bomber Command during World War II.

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Patkai

The Pat-kai (Pron: ˈpʌtˌkaɪ) or Patkai Bum meaning "to cut (pat) chicken (Kai)" in Tai-Ahom language are the hills on India's north-eastern border with Burma or Myanmar.

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Patrol boat

A patrol boat is a relatively small naval vessel generally designed for coastal defence duties.

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Peenemünde

Peenemünde ("Peene Mouth") is a municipality on the Baltic Sea island of Usedom in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district

Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district is represented by Democrat Matthew Cartwright.

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Peregrine falcon

The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a widespread bird of prey (raptor) in the family Falconidae.

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Perth

Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia.

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Pierre Le Gloan

Pierre Le Gloan (6 January 1913 – 11 September 1943) was a French flying ace of World War II.

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Pisa

Pisa is a city in the Tuscany region of Central Italy straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea.

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Plzeň

Plzeň, also called Pilsen in English and German, is a city in western Bohemia in the Czech Republic.

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Pointblank directive

The Pointblank directive authorised the initiation of Operation Pointblank, the code name for the primary portion of the Allied Combined Bomber Offensive intended to cripple or destroy the German aircraft fighter strength, thus drawing it away from frontline operations and ensuring it would not be an obstacle to the invasion of Northwest Europe.

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Poix

Poix is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Polikarpov I-185

The Polikarpov I-185 was a Soviet fighter aircraft designed in 1940.

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Polish Armed Forces

The Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland (Polish:Siły Zbrojne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, abbreviated SZ RP; popularly called Wojsko Polskie in Poland, abbreviated WP—roughly, the "Polish Military") are the national armed forces of the Republic of Poland.

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Polish government-in-exile

The Polish government-in-exile, formally known as the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile (Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie), was the government in exile of Poland formed in the aftermath of the Invasion of Poland of September 1939, and the subsequent occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, which brought to an end the Second Polish Republic.

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Pomezia

Pomezia is a municipality (comune) in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, central Italy.

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Port Moresby

(Tok Pisin: Pot Mosbi), also referred to as Pom City or simply Moresby, is the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea and the largest city in the South Pacific outside of Australia and New Zealand.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.

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Precision-guided munition

A precision-guided munition (PGM, smart weapon, smart munition, smart bomb) is a guided munition intended to precisely hit a specific target, to minimize collateral damage and increase lethality against intended targets.

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Prestwick

Prestwick is a town in South Ayrshire on the west coast of Ayrshire in Scotland about south-west of Glasgow.

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Prime minister

A prime minister is the head of a cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system.

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Prince Christoph of Hesse

Christoph Ernst August of Hesse (Frankfurt, 14 May 1901 – Apennine Mountains near Forlì, 7 October 1943) was the fifth son of Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse and Princess Margaret of Prussia.

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Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person, whether combatant or non-combatant, who is held in custody by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

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Proximity fuze

A proximity fuze is a fuze that detonates an explosive device automatically when the distance to the target becomes smaller than a predetermined value.

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PT boat

A PT boat (short for Patrol Torpedo boat) was a torpedo-armed fast attack craft used by the United States Navy in World War II.

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Qantas

Qantas Airways is the flag carrier of Australia and its largest airline by fleet size, international flights and international destinations.

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Quebec

Quebec (Québec)According to the Canadian government, Québec (with the acute accent) is the official name in French and Quebec (without the accent) is the province's official name in English; the name is.

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Queensland

Queensland (abbreviated as Qld) is the second-largest and third-most populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia.

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Rabaul

Rabaul is a township in East New Britain province, on the island of New Britain, in the country of Papua New Guinea.

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Radar

Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects.

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Radio jamming

Radio jamming is the deliberate jamming, blocking or interference with authorized wireless communications.

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RAF Bomber Command

RAF Bomber Command controlled the RAF's bomber forces from 1936 to 1968.

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RAF Coastal Command

RAF Coastal Command was a formation within the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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Rear admiral

Rear admiral is a naval commissioned officer rank above that of a commodore (U.S equivalent of Commander) and captain, and below that of a vice admiral.

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Rear admiral (United States)

Rear admiral in the United States refers to two different ranks of commissioned officers — one-star flag officers and two-star flag officers.

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Regensburg

Regensburg (Castra-Regina;; Řezno; Ratisbonne; older English: Ratisbon; Bavarian: Rengschburg or Rengschburch) is a city in south-east Germany, at the confluence of the Danube, Naab and Regen rivers.

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Reichsmarschall

Reichsmarschall, Marshal of the Reich (literal translation: Empire or Realm), was the highest rank in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Remscheid

Remscheid is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Rendova Island

Rendova is an island in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands in the South Pacific, east of Papua New Guinea.

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Rennell Island

Rennell Island, locally known as Mugaba, is the main island of two inhabited islands that make up the Rennell and Bellona Province in the Solomon Islands.

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Republic P-47 Thunderbolt

The Republic P-47 Thunderbolt was a World War II era fighter aircraft produced by the United States from 1941 through 1945.

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Rheydt

Rheydt is a borough of the German city Mönchengladbach, located in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Rhineland

The Rhineland (Rheinland, Rhénanie) is the name used for a loosely defined area of Western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly its middle section.

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RNZAF Base Auckland

RNZAF Base Auckland is a Royal New Zealand Air Force base located near the upper reaches of the Waitematā Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand.

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Robert Henry English

Robert Henry English (16 January 1888 – 21 January 1943) was a United States Navy commissioned officer who commanded the U.S. Navy's submarine force in the Pacific Theater of Operations early in World War II.

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Robertson Aircraft Corporation

Robertson Aircraft Corporation was a post-World War I American aviation service company based at the Lambert-St. Louis Flying Field near St.

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Roi-Namur

Roi-Namur is an island in the north part of the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands.

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Romania

Romania (România) is a sovereign state located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.

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Rome

Rome (Roma; Roma) is the capital city of Italy and a special comune (named Comune di Roma Capitale).

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Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force.

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Royal Australian Air Force

The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), formed March 1921, is the aerial warfare branch of the Australian Defence Force (ADF).

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Royal Canadian Navy

The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN; French: Marine royale canadienne) is the naval force of Canada.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.

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Rudolf Schoenert

Rudolf Schoenert (27 July 1911 – 30 November 1985) was the seventh highest scoring night fighter flying ace in the German Luftwaffe during World War II.

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Ruhr

The Ruhr (Ruhrgebiet), or the Ruhr district, Ruhr region, Ruhr area or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Russell Islands

The Russell Islands are two small islands (Pavuvu and Mbanika), as well as several islets, of volcanic origin, in the Central Province of Solomon Islands.

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Saint Valentine's Day Massacre

The Saint Valentine's Day Massacre is the name given to the 1929 murder of seven members and associates of Chicago's North Side Gang.

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Salerno

Salerno (Salernitano: Salierne) is a city and comune in Campania (southwestern Italy) and is the capital of the province of the same name.

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Sant'Agata di Militello

Sant'Agata di Militello (Sicilian: Sant'Àita di Militieddu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about east of Palermo and about west of Messina.

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Santo Stefano di Camastra

Santo Stefano di Camastra (Sicilian: Santu Stèfanu di Camastra) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 100 km east of Palermo and about 135 km west of Messina.

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Sardinia

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Savoia-Marchetti SM.91

Savoia-Marchetti first developed the SM.91, a long-range fighter-bomber, to compete in a contract offered by the Regia Aeronautica to the Italian aircraft companies in 1938.

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Savoia-Marchetti SM.92

The Savoia-Marchetti SM.92 was an Italian heavy fighter/bomber of World War II based on the Savoia-Marchetti SM.88.

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Savoia-Marchetti SM.95

The Savoia-Marchetti SM.95 was an Italian four-engine, mid-range transport aircraft, which first flew in 1943.

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Schräge Musik

In World War II, Schräge Musik was the name Germans gave to upward-firing autocannon that the Luftwaffe mounted in night fighter aircraft.

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Schutzstaffel

The Schutzstaffel (SS; also stylized as with Armanen runes;; literally "Protection Squadron") was a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Nazi Germany, and later throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II.

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Schweinfurt

Schweinfurt (in German literally 'swine ford') is a city in the Lower Franconia region of Bavaria in Germany on the right bank of the navigable Main River, which is spanned by several bridges here, 27 km northeast of Würzburg.

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Schweinfurt–Regensburg mission

The Schweinfurt–Regensburg mission was a strategic bombing mission during World War II.

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Scotland

Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

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Seaplane

A seaplane is a powered fixed-wing aircraft capable of taking off and landing (alighting) on water.

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Seaplane tender

A seaplane tender is a boat or ship that supports the operation of seaplanes.

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Search and rescue

Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger.

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Searchlight

A searchlight (or spotlight) is an apparatus that combines an extremely luminous source (traditionally a carbon arc lamp) with a mirrored parabolic reflector to project a powerful beam of light of approximately parallel rays in a particular direction, usually constructed so that it can be swiveled about.

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Seattle

Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States.

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Second Raid on Schweinfurt

The second Schweinfurt raid was a World War II air battle that took place October 14, 1943, over Nazi Germany between forces of the United States 8th Air Force and German Luftwaffe's fighter arm (Jagdwaffe).

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Serrate radar detector

Serrate was an Allied radar detection and homing device used by night fighters to track Luftwaffe night fighters equipped with the earlier UHF-band BC and C-1 versions of the Lichtenstein radar during World War II.

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Seventh Air Force

United States Air Forces Korea and USAFK redirect here. The Seventh Air Force (Air Forces Korea) (7 AF) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Pacific Air Forces (PACAF).

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Severodvinsk

Severodvinsk (p) is a city in the north of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located in the delta of the Northern Dvina River, west of Arkhangelsk, the administrative center of the oblast.

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Shannon Airport

Shannon Airport (Aerfort na Sionna) is one of Ireland's three primary airports, along with Dublin and Cork.

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Shemya

Shemya or Simiya (Samiyax̂) is a small island in the Near Islands group of the Semichi Islands chain in the Aleutian Islands archipelago southwest of Alaska, at.

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Short Stirling

The Short Stirling was a British four-engined heavy bomber of the Second World War.

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Shumshu

Shumshu (Шумшу, Shumushu; 占守島 Shumushu-tō) is the second-northernmost island of the Kuril Islands chain, which divides the Sea of Okhotsk from the northwest Pacific Ocean.

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Sicily

Sicily (Sicilia; Sicìlia) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Sikorsky R-4

The Sikorsky R-4 is a two-seat helicopter designed by Igor Sikorsky with a single, three-bladed main rotor and powered by a radial engine.

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Simpson Harbour

Simpson Harbour is a sheltered harbour of Blanche Bay, on the Gazelle Peninsula in the extreme north of New Britain.

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Singapore

Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign city-state and island country in Southeast Asia.

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Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet

Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Arthur Travers Harris, 1st Baronet, (13 April 1892 – 5 April 1984), commonly known as "Bomber" Harris by the press and often within the RAF as "Butcher" Harris, was Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) RAF Bomber Command during the height of the Anglo-American strategic bombing campaign against Nazi Germany in the Second World War.

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Sitka, Alaska

The City and Borough of Sitka (Sheetʼká), formerly Novo-Arkhangelsk, or New Archangel under Russian rule (Ново-Архангельск or Новоaрхангельск, t Novoarkhangelsk), is a unified city-borough located on Baranof Island and the southern half of Chichagof Island in the Alexander Archipelago of the Pacific Ocean (part of the Alaska Panhandle), in the U.S. state of Alaska.

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Sloop-of-war

In the 18th century and most of the 19th, a sloop-of-war in the Royal Navy was a warship with a single gun deck that carried up to eighteen guns.

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Smoke screen

A smoke screen is smoke released to mask the movement or location of military units such as infantry, tanks, aircraft or ships.

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Smokejumper

A smokejumper is a wildland firefighter who parachutes into a remote area to combat wildfires.

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Solomon Islands

Solomon Islands is a sovereign country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania lying to the east of Papua New Guinea and northwest of Vanuatu and covering a land area of.

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Solomon Sea

The Solomon Sea is a sea located within the Pacific Ocean.

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Sorpe Dam

The Sorpe Dam (Sorpetalsperre) is a dam on the Sorpe river, near the small town of Sundern in the district of Hochsauerland in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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South Pacific Area

The South Pacific Area (SOPAC) was a multinational U.S.-led military command active during World War II.

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South West Pacific theatre of World War II

The South West Pacific theatre, during World War II, was a major theatre of the war between the Allies and the Empire of Japan.

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Soviet Air Forces

The Soviet Air Forces (r (VVS), literally "Military Air Forces") was the official designation of one of the air forces of the Soviet Union.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Squadron (aviation)

A squadron in air force, army aviation, or naval aviation is a unit comprising a number of military aircraft and their aircrews, usually of the same type, typically with 12 to 24 aircraft, sometimes divided into three or four flights, depending on aircraft type and air force.

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Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා; Tamil: இலங்கை Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea.

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St. Louis

St.

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St. Louis Lambert International Airport

St.

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Staff sergeant

Staff sergeant is a rank of non-commissioned officer used in the armed forces of several countries.

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Steamship

A steamship, often referred to as a steamer, is a type of steam powered vessel, typically ocean-faring and seaworthy, that is propelled by one or more steam engines that typically drive (turn) propellers or paddlewheels.

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Strafing

Strafing is the military practice of attacking ground targets from low-flying aircraft using aircraft-mounted automatic weapons Less commonly, the term can be used—by extension—to describe high-speed firing runs by any land or naval craft (e.g. fast boats) using smaller-caliber weapons and targeting stationary or slow-moving targets.

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Strait of Messina

The Strait of Messina (Stretto di Messina), is a narrow strait between the eastern tip of Sicily (Punta del Faro) and the western tip of Calabria (Punta Pezzo) in the south of Italy.

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Stuttgart

Stuttgart (Swabian: italics,; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

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Submarine

A submarine (or simply sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater.

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Submarine pen

A submarine pen (U-Boot-Bunker in German) is a type of submarine base that acts as a bunker to protect submarines from air attack.

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Sulfur mustard

Sulfur mustard, commonly known as mustard gas, is the prototypical substance of the sulfur-based family of cytotoxic and vesicant chemical warfare agents known as the sulfur mustards which have the ability to form large blisters on exposed skin and in the lungs.

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Supermarine Seafire

The Supermarine Seafire was a naval version of the Supermarine Spitfire adapted for operation from aircraft carriers.

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Supermarine Spitfire

The Supermarine Spitfire is a British single-seat fighter aircraft used by the Royal Air Force and other Allied countries before, during and after World War II.

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Surinam (Dutch colony)

Surinam was a Dutch plantation colony in the Guianas, neighboured by the equally Dutch colony of Berbice to the west, and the French colony of Cayenne to the east.

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Szczecin

Szczecin (German and Swedish Stettin), known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport and Poland's seventh-largest city. As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. Szczecin is located on the Oder, south of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Bay of Pomerania. The city is situated along the southwestern shore of Dąbie Lake, on both sides of the Oder and on several large islands between the western and eastern branches of the river. Szczecin is adjacent to the town of Police and is the urban centre of the Szczecin agglomeration, an extended metropolitan area that includes communities in the German states of Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The city's recorded history began in the 8th century as a Slavic Pomeranian stronghold, built at the site of the Ducal castle. In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark. At the same time, the House of Griffins established themselves as local rulers and the population was Christianized. After the Treaty of Stettin in 1630, the town came under the control of the Swedish Empire and became in 1648 the Capital of Swedish Pomerania until 1720, when it was acquired by the Kingdom of Prussia and then the German Empire. Following World War II Stettin became part of Poland, resulting in expulsion of the German population. Szczecin is the administrative and industrial centre of West Pomeranian Voivodeship and is the site of the University of Szczecin, Pomeranian Medical University, Maritime University, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin Art Academy, and the see of the Szczecin-Kamień Catholic Archdiocese. From 1999 onwards, Szczecin has served as the site of the headquarters of NATO's Multinational Corps Northeast. Szczecin was a candidate for the European Capital of Culture in 2016.

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Tachikawa Ki-70

The Tachikawa Ki-70 "Clara" was a high speed photo reconnaissance aircraft that was tested for the Japanese Air Force in prototype form but never entered production.

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Tachikawa Ki-77

The Tachikawa Ki-77 was a Japanese very long-range experimental transport and communications aircraft of World War II derived from a design commissioned by a newspaper to break the flight distance record set by a rival.

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Tadeusz Klimecki

Tadeusz Klimecki (November 23, 1895July 4, 1943) – Lieutenant of the Imperial and Royal Army, Brigadier General of the Polish Army, Chief of Polish General Staff.

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Tagus

The Tagus (Tajo,; Tejo) is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula.

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Tailplane

A tailplane, also known as a horizontal stabiliser, is a small lifting surface located on the tail (empennage) behind the main lifting surfaces of a fixed-wing aircraft as well as other non-fixed-wing aircraft such as helicopters and gyroplanes.

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Tallboy (bomb)

Tallboy, or Bomb, Medium Capacity, 12,000 lb, was an earthquake bomb developed by the British aeronautical engineer Barnes Wallis and used by the RAF during the Second World War.

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Tamara Drasin

Tamara Drasin (c. 1905 – 22 February 1943), often credited as simply Tamara, was a singer and actress who introduced the song "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes" in the 1933 Broadway musical Roberta.

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Tanker (ship)

A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.

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Taranto

Taranto (early Tarento from Tarentum; Tarantino: Tarde; translit; label) is a coastal city in Apulia, Southern Italy.

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Tarawa

Tarawa is an atoll and the capital of the Republic of Kiribati, in the central Pacific Ocean.

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Target indicator

Target Indicators, also known as target markers or TI's for short, were flares used by the RAF's Bomber Command during World War II.

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Tennessee

Tennessee (translit) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Tennessee Senate

The Tennessee Senate is the upper house of the U.S. state of Tennessee's state legislature, which is known formally as the Tennessee General Assembly.

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Territory of Alaska

The Territory of Alaska or Alaska Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from August 24, 1912, until January 3, 1959, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Alaska.

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Territory of Papua

The Territory of Papua comprised the southeastern quarter of the island of New Guinea from 1883 to 1975.

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Test pilot

A test pilot is an aviator who flies new and modified aircraft in specific maneuvers, known as flight test techniques or FTTs, allowing the results to be measured and the design to be evaluated.

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Teulada, Sardinia

Teulada (Latin: Tegula) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of South Sardinia in the Italian region Sardinia, located about southwest of Cagliari.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.

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Thach Weave

The Thach Weave (also known as a Beam Defense Position) is an aerial combat tactic developed by naval aviator John S. Thach and named by James H. Flatley of the United States Navy soon after the United States' entry into World War II.

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The Hump

The Hump was the name given by Allied pilots in the Second World War to the eastern end of the Himalayan Mountains over which they flew military transport aircraft from India to China to resupply the Chinese war effort of Chiang Kai-shek and the units of the United States Army Air Forces (AAF) based in China.

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Theodor Eicke

Theodor Eicke (17 October 1892 – 26 February 1943) was a German senior Nazi official and Obergruppenführer of the SS, one of the key figures in the development of the concentration camp system in Germany used in the Holocaust.

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Thermal

A thermal column (or thermal) is a column of rising air in the lower altitudes of Earth's atmosphere, a form of atmospheric updraft.

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Third Battle of Kharkov

The Third Battle of Kharkov was a series of battles on the Eastern Front of World War II, undertaken by the German Army Group South against the Red Army, around the city of Kharkov (or Kharkiv)Kharkov is the Russian language name of the city (Kharkiv the Ukrainian one); both Russian and Ukrainian were official languages in the Soviet Union (Source: & by Routledge) between 19 February and 15 March 1943.

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Thirteenth Air Force

The Thirteenth Air Force (Air Forces Pacific) (13 AF) was a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Pacific Air Forces (PACAF).

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Thunderstorm

A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm, lightning storm, or thundershower, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder.

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Torpedo

A modern torpedo is a self-propelled weapon with an explosive warhead, launched above or below the water surface, propelled underwater towards a target, and designed to detonate either on contact with its target or in proximity to it.

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Torpedo bomber

A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes.

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Trainer aircraft

A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews.

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Trans World Airlines

Trans World Airlines (TWA) was a major American airline from 1924 until 2001.

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Trans-Canada Air Lines

Trans-Canada Air Lines (also known as TCA in English, and Air Canada in French) was a Canadian airline that operated as the country's flag carrier.

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Treasury Islands

Treasury Islands are a small group of islands a few kilometers to the south of Bougainville and from the Shortland Islands.

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Troopship

A troopship (also troop ship or troop transport or trooper) is a ship used to carry soldiers, either in peacetime or wartime.

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Tropical cyclone

A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain.

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Tulagi

Tulagi, less commonly known as Tulaghi, is a small island (5.5 km by 1 km) in Solomon Islands, just off the south coast of Ngella Sule.

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Tunisia

Tunisia (تونس; Berber: Tunes, ⵜⵓⵏⴻⵙ; Tunisie), officially the Republic of Tunisia, (الجمهورية التونسية) is a sovereign state in Northwest Africa, covering. Its northernmost point, Cape Angela, is the northernmost point on the African continent. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia's population was estimated to be just under 11.93 million in 2016. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis, which is located on its northeast coast. Geographically, Tunisia contains the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains, and the northern reaches of the Sahara desert. Much of the rest of the country's land is fertile soil. Its of coastline include the African conjunction of the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin and, by means of the Sicilian Strait and Sardinian Channel, feature the African mainland's second and third nearest points to Europe after Gibraltar. Tunisia is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. It is considered to be the only full democracy in the Arab World. It has a high human development index. It has an association agreement with the European Union; is a member of La Francophonie, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Arab League, the OIC, the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, the Community of Sahel-Saharan States, the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77; and has obtained the status of major non-NATO ally of the United States. In addition, Tunisia is also a member state of the United Nations and a state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Close relations with Europe in particular with France and with Italy have been forged through economic cooperation, privatisation and industrial modernization. In ancient times, Tunisia was primarily inhabited by Berbers. Phoenician immigration began in the 12th century BC; these immigrants founded Carthage. A major mercantile power and a military rival of the Roman Republic, Carthage was defeated by the Romans in 146 BC. The Romans, who would occupy Tunisia for most of the next eight hundred years, introduced Christianity and left architectural legacies like the El Djem amphitheater. After several attempts starting in 647, the Muslims conquered the whole of Tunisia by 697, followed by the Ottoman Empire between 1534 and 1574. The Ottomans held sway for over three hundred years. The French colonization of Tunisia occurred in 1881. Tunisia gained independence with Habib Bourguiba and declared the Tunisian Republic in 1957. In 2011, the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by parliamentary elections. The country voted for parliament again on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014.

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Turin

Turin (Torino; Turin) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy.

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Type 99 cannon

The Type 99 Mark 1 cannon and Type 99 Mark 2 cannon were Japanese versions of the Oerlikon FF and Oerlikon FFL.

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Ukiah, California

Ukiah (formerly Ukiah City) is the county seat and largest city of Mendocino County, California.

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Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainian SSR or UkrSSR or UkSSR; Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, Украї́нська РСР, УРСР; Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, Украи́нская ССР, УССР; see "Name" section below), also known as the Soviet Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from the Union's inception in 1922 to its breakup in 1991. The republic was governed by the Communist Party of Ukraine as a unitary one-party socialist soviet republic. The Ukrainian SSR was a founding member of the United Nations, although it was legally represented by the All-Union state in its affairs with countries outside of the Soviet Union. Upon the Soviet Union's dissolution and perestroika, the Ukrainian SSR was transformed into the modern nation-state and renamed itself to Ukraine. Throughout its 72-year history, the republic's borders changed many times, with a significant portion of what is now Western Ukraine being annexed by Soviet forces in 1939 from the Republic of Poland, and the addition of Zakarpattia in 1946. From the start, the eastern city of Kharkiv served as the republic's capital. However, in 1934, the seat of government was subsequently moved to the city of Kiev, Ukraine's historic capital. Kiev remained the capital for the rest of the Ukrainian SSR's existence, and remained the capital of independent Ukraine after the breakup of the Soviet Union. Geographically, the Ukrainian SSR was situated in Eastern Europe to the north of the Black Sea, bordered by the Soviet republics of Moldavia, Byelorussia, and the Russian SFSR. The Ukrainian SSR's border with Czechoslovakia formed the Soviet Union's western-most border point. According to the Soviet Census of 1989 the republic had a population of 51,706,746 inhabitants, which fell sharply after the breakup of the Soviet Union. For most of its existence, it ranked second only to the Russian SFSR in population, economic and political power.

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United Airlines

United Airlines, Inc., commonly referred to as United, is a major United States airline headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Service Organizations

The United Service Organizations Inc. (USO) is a nonprofit organization that provides live entertainment, such as comedians and musicians, and other programs to members of the United States Armed Forces and their families.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Army

The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Army Air Forces

The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF), informally known as the Air Force, was the aerial warfare service of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II (1939/41–1945), successor to the previous United States Army Air Corps and the direct predecessor of the United States Air Force of today, one of the five uniformed military services.

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United States Coast Guard

The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is a branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the country's seven uniformed services.

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United States Department of the Navy

The United States Department of the Navy (DoN) was established by an Act of Congress on April 30, 1798 (initiated by the recommendation of James McHenry),Bernard C. Steiner and James McHenry, (Cleveland: Burrows Brothers Co., 1907).

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United States House of Representatives

The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber.

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United States Marine Corps

The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting amphibious operations with the United States Navy.

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United States Marine Corps Reserve

The Marine Forces Reserve (MARFORRES or MFR), also known as the United States Marine Corps Reserve (USMCR) and the U.S. Marine Corps Forces Reserve, is the reserve force of the United States Marine Corps.

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United States Navy

The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States.

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United States Navy Reserve

The United States Navy Reserve (USNR), known as the United States Naval Reserve from 1915 to 2005, is the Reserve Component (RC) of the United States Navy.

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United States Pacific Fleet

The United States Pacific Fleet (USPACFLT) is a Pacific Ocean theater-level component command of the United States Navy that provides naval forces to the United States Indo-Pacific Command.

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V-1 flying bomb

The V-1 flying bomb (Vergeltungswaffe 1 "Vengeance Weapon 1")—also known to the Allies as the buzz bomb, or doodlebug, and in Germany as Kirschkern (cherrystone) or Maikäfer (maybug)—was an early cruise missile and the only production aircraft to use a pulsejet for power.

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VC-9

VC-9 (Composite Squadron Nine) was an aircraft squadron of the United States Navy.

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Vella Gulf

Vella Gulf is a waterway in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands.

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Vella Lavella

Vella Lavella is an island in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands.

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Venezuela

Venezuela, officially denominated Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (República Bolivariana de Venezuela),Previously, the official name was Estado de Venezuela (1830–1856), República de Venezuela (1856–1864), Estados Unidos de Venezuela (1864–1953), and again República de Venezuela (1953–1999).

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Vice admiral

Vice admiral is a senior naval flag officer rank, equivalent to lieutenant general and air marshal.

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Vichy France

Vichy France (Régime de Vichy) is the common name of the French State (État français) headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II.

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Vickers Wellington

The Vickers Wellington was a British twin-engined, long-range medium bomber.

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Vickers Windsor

The Vickers Windsor was a Second World War British four-engine heavy bomber, designed by Barnes Wallis and Rex Pierson at the Vickers-Armstrongs factory at Brooklands.

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Victoria Cross

The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest award of the British honours system.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.

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VMA-124

Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 124 (VMFA-124) was a flying squadron in the Marine Forces Reserve based out of Naval Air Station Memphis flying the A-4 Skyhawk.

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Vought F4U Corsair

The Vought F4U Corsair is an American fighter aircraft that saw service primarily in World War II and the Korean War.

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Vultee Aircraft

The Vultee Aircraft Corporation became an independent company in 1939 in Los Angeles County, California.

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Vultee XP-54

The Vultee XP-54 Swoose Goose was a prototype fighter built by the Vultee Aircraft Company for the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF).

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Vunakanau

Vunakanau is situated on a plateau just outside Rabaul, Papua New Guinea.

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Waco CG-4

The Waco CG-4A was the most widely used American troop/cargo military glider of World War II.

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Waffen-SS

The Waffen-SS (Armed SS) was the armed wing of the Nazi Party's SS organisation.

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Wake Island

Wake Island (also known as Wake Atoll) is a coral atoll in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesia subregion, east of Guam, west of Honolulu and southeast of Tokyo.

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Walter HWK 109-507

The HWK 109-507 was a liquid-propellant rocket engine developed by Germany during World War II.

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War bond

War bonds are debt securities issued by a government to finance military operations and other expenditure in times of war.

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Washington (state)

Washington, officially the State of Washington, is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

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Water landing

A water landing is, in the broadest sense, a landing on a body of water.

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Władysław Sikorski

Władysław Eugeniusz Sikorski (20 May 1881 – 4 July 1943) was a Polish military and political leader.

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Werfer-Granate 21

The Werfer-Granate 21 rocket launcher, also known as the BR 21 (the "BR" standing for Bordrakete) in official Luftwaffe manuals, was a weapon used by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and was the first on-board rocket placed into service by the Luftwaffe, first introduced in mid 1943.

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Werner Streib

Werner Streib (13 June 1911 – 15 June 1986) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a night fighter ace credited with 68—one daytime and 67 nighttime—enemy aircraft shot down in about 150 combat missions.

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West Palm Beach, Florida

West Palm Beach is a city in and the county seat of Palm Beach County, Florida, United States.

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Westland Wallace

The Westland Wallace was a British two-seat, general-purpose biplane of the Royal Air Force, developed by Westland as a follow-on to their successful Wapiti.

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Westland Whirlwind (fighter)

The Westland Whirlwind was a British twin-engined heavy fighter developed by Westland Aircraft.

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Wewak

Wewak is the capital of the East Sepik province of Papua New Guinea.

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Wilde Sau

Wilde Sau (German for wild boar) was the term given by the Luftwaffe to the tactic used from 1943 to 1944 during World War II by which British night bombers were engaged by single-seat day-fighter aircraft flying in the Defence of the Reich.

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Wildfire

A wildfire or wildland fire is a fire in an area of combustible vegetation that occurs in the countryside or rural area.

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Wilhelmshaven

Wilhelmshaven (meaning William's Harbour) is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany.

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William B. Robertson

Major William Bryan Robertson (October 8, 1893 –August 1, 1943) was an American aviator and aviation executive who was the co-founder of Lambert-St. Louis Flying Field as well as the owner and President of Robertson Aircraft Corporation (RAC) located there, a company which he had co-founded with his brother, Frank, in 1918.

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William D. Becker

William Dee Becker (October 23, 1876 in East St. Louis, Illinois – August 1, 1943 in St. Louis, Missouri) was the 35th Mayor of St. Louis, from 1941 to 1943.

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William Reid (VC)

William Reid VC (21 December 1921 – 28 November 2001) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

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Willy Messerschmitt

Wilhelm Emil "Willy" Messerschmitt (/'vĭli 'messer shmĭt/) (26 June 1898 – 15 September 1978) was a German aircraft designer and manufacturer.

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Wing

A wing is a type of fin that produces lift, while moving through air or some other fluid.

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Wing (military aviation unit)

In military aviation, a wing is a unit of command.

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Winnellie, Northern Territory

Winnellie is a northern suburb of Darwin, Northern Territory, in the Northern Territory of Australia.

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Women Airforce Service Pilots

The Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP), referred to by some as the Women's Army Service Pilots, was a civilian women pilots' organization, whose members were United States federal civil service employees.

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Women's Auxiliary Air Force

The Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF), whose members were referred to as WAAFs, was the female auxiliary of the Royal Air Force during World War II, established in 1939.

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Women's Flying Training Detachment

The Women's Flying Training Detachment was a group of women pilots during World War II.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft

The World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft were reporting names, often described as codenames, given by Allied personnel to Imperial Japanese aircraft during the Pacific campaign of World War II.

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Wotje Atoll

Wotje Atoll (Marshallese: Wōjjā) is a coral atoll of 75 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands.

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Yakovlev Yak-1

The Yakovlev Yak-1 (Яковлев Як-1) was a World War II Soviet fighter aircraft.

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Yasuna Kozono

was a World War II Imperial Japanese Navy officer.

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Yekaterina Budanova

Yekaterina Vasylievna Budanova (Cyrillic: Екатерина Васильевна Буданова), nicknamed Katya (Катя), (6 December 1916 – 19 July 1943),Polunina 2004, p. 137.

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Yokosuka P1Y

The Yokosuka P1Y Ginga (銀河, "Galaxy") was a twin-engine, land-based bomber developed for the Japanese Imperial Navy in World War II.

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Zahme Sau

Zahme Sau (German: tame boar) was a night fighter intercept tactic introduced by the German Luftwaffe in 1943 and conceived by Viktor von Loßberg.

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Zaragoza Municipality, Coahuila

Zaragoza is one of the 38 municipalities of Coahuila, a state in north-eastern Mexico.

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Zeppelin

A Zeppelin is a type of rigid airship named after the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin who pioneered rigid airship development at the beginning of the 20th century.

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108th Operations Group

The 108th Operations Group is a unit of the 108th Wing (108 WG) of the New Jersey Air National Guard, one of the many units stationed at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey. If activated to federal service with the U.S. Air Force, the group is gained by Air Mobility Command (AMC). Its World War II predecessor, the 348th Fighter Group, was the most successful Republic P-47 Thunderbolt group in the Southwest Pacific Theater. Its commander, Neel E. Kearby was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in combat. Over a dozen of the group's pilots became aces.

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111th Reconnaissance Squadron

The 111th Reconnaissance Squadron (111 RS) is a unit of the Texas Air National Guard 147th Reconnaissance Wing located at Ellington Field Joint Reserve Base, Houston, Texas.

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15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force

The Fifteenth Expeditionary Mobility Task Force (15 ETF) was one of two ETFs assigned to the United States Air Force Air Mobility Command (AMC) and was headquartered at Travis Air Force Base, California.

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1943 Liberator crash at Whenuapai

The 1943 Liberator crash at Whenuapai was an aircraft accident in New Zealand during World War II.

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1943 Surprise Hurricane

The 1943 Surprise hurricane was the first hurricane to be entered by a reconnaissance aircraft.

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1st Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom)

The 1st Parachute Brigade was an airborne forces brigade formed by the British Army during the Second World War.

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335th Fighter Squadron

The 335th Fighter Squadron is a United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 4th Operations Group and stationed at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina. The 335th was constituted on 22 August 1942 as an incorporation of the No. 121 (Eagle) Squadron of the Royal Air Force, formed on 14 May 1941 as the second of three Eagle Squadrons of the Royal Air Force. These squadrons were composed of American volunteers, recruited by the RAF as a result of the heavy loss of pilots during the Battle of Britain in 1940; the volunteers were ineligible to join the USAAF. In this capacity, the squadron operated Supermarine Spitfires and Hawker Hurricanes. Its current emblem contains the head of an American Indian chief, which dates back to the original emblem of 121 Squadron RAF.

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480th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing

The 480th Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Wing (480th ISR Wing) is headquartered at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia.

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4th Operations Group

The 4th Operations Group (4 OG) is the flying component of the 4th Fighter Wing, assigned to the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.

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503rd Infantry Regiment (United States)

The 503rd Infantry Regiment, formerly the 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment (PIR) and the 503rd Airborne Infantry Regiment (AIR), is an airborne infantry regiment of the United States Army.

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82nd Airborne Division

The 82nd Airborne Division is an airborne infantry division of the United States Army, specializing in parachute assault operations into denied areas.

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836 Naval Air Squadron

836 Squadron was a squadron of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1943_in_aviation

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