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Battle of Cassinga

Index Battle of Cassinga

The Battle of Cassinga, Cassinga Raid or Kassinga Massacre was a controversial South African airborne attack on a South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) military base at the former town of Cassinga, Angola on the 4 May 1978. [1]

117 relations: Aérospatiale SA 321 Super Frelon, Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma, Aerial reconnaissance, AIM-9 Sidewinder, Air assault, Air Force Base Waterkloof, Air supremacy, Airborne forces, Altimeter, Angola, Armoured fighting vehicle, Armoured personnel carrier, B-10 recoilless rifle, Battalion, Blackburn Buccaneer, Bloemfontein, BTR-152, Cabinet (government), Caprivi Strip, Cassinga, Cassinga Day, Cessna 180, Chamutete, Charles Namoloh, Close air support, Cluster munition, Constand Viljoen, Dassault Mirage III, DEFA cannon, Dimo Hamaambo, Douglas DC-4, Drop zone, Electronic warfare, Ella Kamanya, English Electric Canberra, Forward air control, Fragmentation (weaponry), Freedom Park (South Africa), Friendly fire, Grootfontein, Holding (aeronautics), Huambo, Ian Gleeson, Institute for Security Studies, James Kriel, Jan Breytenbach, John Vorster, Katima Mulilo, Landing zone, List of operations of the South African Border War, ..., Lockheed C-130 Hercules, Lubango, Magnus Malan, Maize, Mechanized infantry, Military intelligence, Missing in action, Monica Nashandi, Mortar (weapon), MPLA, Namibia, Namibian Defence Force, National Guard of the United States, Navigator, Nelson Mandela, Observation post, Ondangwa, Ondangwa Airport, Operation Bruilof, Operation Dingo, Operation Eland, Operation Reindeer, Operation Vanity, P. W. Botha, PDF, People's Liberation Army of Namibia, Preemptive war, Pretoria, Radio jamming, Rhodes University, Rocket, RPG-7, S-125 Neva/Pechora, Sam Nujoma, Scale (map), Selous Scouts, Signals intelligence, SNEB, South African Air Force, South African Army, South African Border War, South African Defence Force, South African National Defence Force, South West Africa, Strafing, SWAPO, T-34, Ten-pin bowling, The Namibian, The Star (South Africa), Transall C-160, True airspeed, Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa), UNICEF, UNITA, United Nations, United Nations Security Council, United Nations Security Council Resolution 428, University of South Africa, University of the Western Cape, Zambia, ZPU, ZU-23-2, 1 Parachute Battalion, 12 Squadron SAAF, 44 Parachute Regiment (South Africa), 7.62×51mm NATO. Expand index (67 more) »

Aérospatiale SA 321 Super Frelon

The Aérospatiale (formerly Sud Aviation) SA 321 Super Frelon ("Super Hornet") is a three-engined heavy transport helicopter produced by aerospace manufacturer Sud Aviation (later Aérospatiale) of France.

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Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma

The Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma is a four-bladed, twin-engined medium transport/utility helicopter.

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Aerial reconnaissance

Aerial reconnaissance is reconnaissance for a military or strategic purpose that is conducted using reconnaissance aircraft.

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AIM-9 Sidewinder

The AIM-9 Sidewinder is a short-range air-to-air missile developed by the United States Navy at China Lake, California, in the 1950s, and subsequently adopted by the United States Air Force.

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Air assault

Air assault is the movement of ground-based military forces by vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft—such as the helicopter—to seize and hold key terrain which has not been fully secured, and to directly engage enemy forces behind enemy lines.

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Air Force Base Waterkloof

Air Force Base Waterkloof is an airbase of the South African Air Force.

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Air supremacy

Air supremacy is a position in war where a side holds complete control of air warfare and air power over opposing forces.

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Airborne forces

Airborne Military parachuting or gliding form of inserting personnel or supplies.

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Altimeter

An altimeter or an altitude meter is an instrument used to measure the altitude of an object above a fixed level.

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Angola

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola; Kikongo, Kimbundu and Repubilika ya Ngola), is a country in Southern Africa.

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Armoured fighting vehicle

An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is an armed combat vehicle protected by armour, generally combining operational mobility with offensive and defensive capabilities.

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Armoured personnel carrier

An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a type of armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) designed to transport infantry to the battlefield.

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B-10 recoilless rifle

The B-10 recoilless rifle (Bezotkatnojie orudie-10, known as the RG82 in East Germany) is a Soviet 82 mm smoothbore recoilless rifle.

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Battalion

A battalion is a military unit.

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Blackburn Buccaneer

The Blackburn Buccaneer was a British carrier-borne attack aircraft designed in the 1950s for the Royal Navy (RN).

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Bloemfontein

Bloemfontein (Afrikaans and Dutch "fountain of flowers" or "blooming fountain"; also known as Bloem) is the capital city of the province of Free State of South Africa; and, as the judicial capital of the nation, one of South Africa's three national capitals (the other two being Cape Town, the legislative capital, and Pretoria, the administrative capital) and is the seventh largest city in South Africa.

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BTR-152

The BTR-152 (also known as BTR-140) was a six-wheeled Soviet armored personnel carrier (БТР, from Бронетранспортер/Bronetransporter, literally "armored transporter"), built on the chassis and drive train of a ZiS-151 utility truck.

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Cabinet (government)

A cabinet is a body of high-ranking state officials, typically consisting of the top leaders of the executive branch.

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Caprivi Strip

Caprivi, also called the Caprivi Strip (in German: Caprivizipfel), Okavango Strip, and formerly known as Itenge (this part of the country was anciently known as Lyiyeyi (Diyeyi) then Caprivi and currently Zambezi, Itenge was a political dream that did not get realized), is the northeastern panhandle of Namibia, located north of Botswana, southeast of Angola, and southwest of Zambia.

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Cassinga

Cassinga or Kassinga is a town and commune in the municipality of Jamba, province of Huíla, Angola.

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Cassinga Day

Cassinga Day is a national public holiday in Namibia remembering the Cassinga Massacre.

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Cessna 180

The Cessna 180 is a four- or six-seat, fixed conventional gear general aviation airplane which was produced between 1953 and 1981.

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Chamutete

Chamutete is a town in southern Angola.

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Charles Namoloh

Major General Charles Dickson Ndaxu Phillip Namoloh (born 28 February 1950) is a Namibian diplomat, politician and military figure who has served in the cabinet of Namibia as Minister of Safety and Security since 2015.

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Close air support

In military tactics, close air support (CAS) is defined as air action such as air strikes by fixed or rotary-winged aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces and which requires detailed integration of each air mission with fire and movement of these forces and attacks with aerial bombs, glide bombs, missiles, rockets, aircraft cannons, machine guns, and even directed-energy weapons such as lasers.

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Cluster munition

A cluster munition is a form of air-dropped or ground-launched explosive weapon that releases or ejects smaller submunitions.

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Constand Viljoen

Constand Laubscher Viljoen (born 28 October 1933) is a former South African military commander and politician.

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Dassault Mirage III

The Dassault Mirage III is a family of single-seat, single-engine, fighter aircraft developed and manufactured by French aircraft company Dassault Aviation.

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DEFA cannon

The DEFA cannon (Direction des Études et Fabrications d'Armement) is a family of widely used French-made aircraft revolver cannons firing the standard 30 mm caliber NATO rounds.

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Dimo Hamaambo

Mweukefina Kulaumone Jerobeam Dimo Hamaambo (27 October, 1932 – 8 September, 2002) was a Namibian military commander in both the Namibian War of Independence as a SWAPO member and in independent Namibia as the Chief of Defence in the Namibia Defence Force.

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Douglas DC-4

The Douglas DC-4 is a four-engine (piston) propeller-driven airliner developed by the Douglas Aircraft Company.

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Drop zone

A drop zone (DZ) is a place where parachutists or parachuted supplies land.

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Electronic warfare

Electronic warfare (EW) is any action involving the use of the electromagnetic spectrum or directed energy to control the spectrum, attack of an enemy, or impede enemy assaults via the spectrum.

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Ella Kamanya

Ella Ndatega Kamanya (9 November 1961 – 31 July 2005) was a Namibian politician and businesswoman.

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English Electric Canberra

The English Electric Canberra is a British first-generation jet-powered medium bomber that was manufactured during the 1950s.

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Forward air control

Forward air control is the provision of guidance to close air support (CAS) aircraft intended to ensure that their attack hits the intended target and does not injure friendly troops.

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Fragmentation (weaponry)

Fragmentation is the process by which the casing of an artillery or mortar shell, rocket, missile, bomb, grenade, etc.

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Freedom Park (South Africa)

Freedom Park is situated on Salvokop in Pretoria.

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Friendly fire

Friendly fire is an attack by a military force on non-enemy, own, allied or neutral, forces while attempting to attack the enemy, either by misidentifying the target as hostile, or due to errors or inaccuracy.

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Grootfontein

Grootfontein (Large Spring after the nearby hot springs) is a city of 23,793 inhabitants in the Otjozondjupa Region of central Namibia.

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Holding (aeronautics)

In aviation, holding (or flying a hold) is a maneuver designed to delay an aircraft already in flight while keeping it within a specified airspace.

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Huambo

Huambo, formerly Nova Lisboa (English: New Lisbon, 1928–1975), is the capital of the province of Huambo in Angola.

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Ian Gleeson

Lieutenant General Ian Rimbault Gleeson (born 1934) is a retired South African Army officer who served as Chief of the Defence Staff.

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Institute for Security Studies

The Institute for Security Studies, also known as ISS or ISS Africa (to distinguish itself from other similarly named institutes in other parts of the world), described itself as follows: "an African organisation which aims to enhance human security on the continent.

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James Kriel

Lieutenant-General James Kriel (8 March 1942 – 18 July 2016) was a South African military commander.

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Jan Breytenbach

Jan Dirk Breytenbach (born 4 July 1933) was appointed by General Fritz Loots, the founder of the South African Special Forces Brigade, as the first commander of 1 Reconnaissance Commando, the first unit founded within the South African Special Forces.

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John Vorster

Balthazar Johannes "B.

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Katima Mulilo

Katima Mulilo is a town situated in the Caprivi strip and is the capital of the Zambezi Region, Namibia's far northeast extension into central Southern Africa.

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Landing zone

In military terminology a landing zone (LZ) is an area where aircraft can land.

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List of operations of the South African Border War

This List of operations of the South African Border War details the military operations conducted by the South African Defence Force during the South African Border War.

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Lockheed C-130 Hercules

The Lockheed C-130 Hercules is a four-engine turboprop military transport aircraft designed and built originally by Lockheed (now Lockheed Martin).

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Lubango

Lubango is the capital city of the Angolan province of Huíla.

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Magnus Malan

Magnus André de Merindol Malan (30 January 1930 – 18 July 2011) was the Minister of Defence in the cabinet of President P. W. Botha, Chief of the South African Defence Force (SADF) and Chief of the South African Army.

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Maize

Maize (Zea mays subsp. mays, from maíz after Taíno mahiz), also known as corn, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.

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Mechanized infantry

Mechanized infantry are infantry equipped with armored personnel carriers (APCs) or infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) for transport and combat (see also mechanized force).

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Military intelligence

Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to assist commanders in their decisions.

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Missing in action

Missing in action (MIA) is a casualty classification assigned to combatants, military chaplains, combat medics, and prisoners of war who are reported missing during wartime or ceasefire.

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Monica Nashandi

Monica Nashandi (born 12 October 1959) is a Namibian former diplomat and politician.

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Mortar (weapon)

A mortar is usually a simple, lightweight, man portable, muzzle-loaded weapon, consisting of a smooth-bore metal tube fixed to a base plate (to absorb recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount.

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MPLA

The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola, for some years called the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party (Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola – Partido do Trabalho), is a political party that has ruled Angola since the country's independence from Portugal in 1975.

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Namibia

Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia (German:; Republiek van Namibië), is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean.

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Namibian Defence Force

The Namibian Defence Force was created when South West Africa gained full independence from South Africa in 1990.

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National Guard of the United States

The National Guard of the United States, part of the reserve components of the United States Armed Forces, is a reserve military force, composed of National Guard military members or units of each state and the territories of Guam, the Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, for a total of 54 separate organizations.

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Navigator

A navigator is the person on board a ship or aircraft responsible for its navigation.

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Nelson Mandela

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

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Observation post

An observation post (commonly abbreviated OP), temporary or fixed, is a position from which soldiers can watch enemy movements, to warn of approaching soldiers (such as in trench warfare), or to direct artillery fire.

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Ondangwa

Ondangwa (earlier spelling Ondangua), is a town of 23,000 inhabitants in the Oshana Region of northern Namibia, bordering Oshikoto Region.

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Ondangwa Airport

Ondangwa Airport is an airport serving Ondangwa, a town in the Oshana Region of Namibia.

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Operation Bruilof

Operation Bruilof (Operation Wedding) was a planned military operation in 1978 by the South African Defence Force during the South African Border War and Angolan Civil War.

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Operation Dingo

Operation Dingo, also known as the Raid on Chimoio and Tembué, was a major raid conducted by the Rhodesian Security Forces against the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) headquarters of Robert Mugabe at Chimoio and a smaller camp at Tembue in Mozambique from 23–25 November 1977.

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Operation Eland

Operation Eland, also known as the Nyadzonya Raid, was a military operation carried out by operatives of the Rhodesian Selous Scouts at Nyadzonya in Mozambique on the 9th August 1976.

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Operation Reindeer

Operation Reindeer, which began on 4 May 1978, was South Africa's second major military operation in Angola, carried out under the Apartheid regime, the first being Operation Savannah.

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Operation Vanity

Operation Vanity was a Rhodesian military operation in Angola with clandestine assistance from the South African Air Force (SAAF) during the Rhodesian Bush War.

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P. W. Botha

Pieter Willem Botha, (12 January 1916 – 31 October 2006), commonly known as "P.

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PDF

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

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People's Liberation Army of Namibia

The People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) was the military wing of the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO).

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Preemptive war

A preemptive war is a war that is commenced in an attempt to repel or defeat a perceived imminent offensive or invasion, or to gain a strategic advantage in an impending (allegedly unavoidable) war shortly before that attack materializes.

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Pretoria

Pretoria is a city in the northern part of Gauteng, South Africa.

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Radio jamming

Radio jamming is the deliberate jamming, blocking or interference with authorized wireless communications.

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Rhodes University

Rhodes University is a public research university located in Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.

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Rocket

A rocket (from Italian rocchetto "bobbin") is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle that obtains thrust from a rocket engine.

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RPG-7

The RPG-7 (РПГ-7) is a portable, reusable, unguided, shoulder-launched, anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade launcher.

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S-125 Neva/Pechora

The S-125 Neva/Pechora (С-125 "Нева"/"Печора", NATO reporting name SA-3 Goa) Soviet surface-to-air missile system was designed by Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev to complement the S-25 and S-75.

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Sam Nujoma

Samuel Shafiishuna Daniel "Sam" Nujoma, (born 12 May 1929) is a Namibian revolutionary, anti-apartheid activist and politician who served three terms as the first President of Namibia, from 1990 to 2005.

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Scale (map)

The scale of a map is the ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the ground.

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Selous Scouts

The Selous Scouts was a special forces regiment of the Rhodesian Army that operated from 1973 until the reconstitution of the country as Zimbabwe in 1980.

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Signals intelligence

Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT).

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SNEB

The SNEB rocket (Societe Nouvelle des Etablissements Edgar Brandt) is an unguided air-to-ground rocket projectile (RP) manufactured by the French company TDA Armements, designed for launch by combat aircraft and helicopters.

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South African Air Force

The South African Air Force (SAAF) is the air force of South Africa, with headquarters in Pretoria.

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South African Army

The South African Army is the army of South Africa, first formed after the Union of South Africa was created in 1910.

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South African Border War

The South African Border War, also known as the Namibian War of Independence, and sometimes denoted in South Africa as the Angolan Bush War, was a largely asymmetric conflict that occurred in Namibia (then South West Africa), Zambia, and Angola from 26 August 1966 to 21 March 1990.

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South African Defence Force

The South African Defence Force (SADF) comprised the South African armed forces from 1957 until 1994.

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South African National Defence Force

The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) comprises the armed forces of South Africa.

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South West Africa

South West Africa (Suidwes-Afrika; Zuidwest-Afrika; Südwestafrika) was the name for modern-day Namibia when it was subsumed under South Africa, from 1915 to 1990.

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Strafing

Strafing is the military practice of attacking ground targets from low-flying aircraft using aircraft-mounted automatic weapons Less commonly, the term can be used—by extension—to describe high-speed firing runs by any land or naval craft (e.g. fast boats) using smaller-caliber weapons and targeting stationary or slow-moving targets.

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SWAPO

SWAPO, formerly the South West African People's Organisation (Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO; Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volk-Organisasie, SWAVO) and officially known as SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia.

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T-34

The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank that had a profound and lasting effect on the field of tank design.

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Ten-pin bowling

Ten-pin bowling is a sport in which a player (called a "bowler") rolls a bowling ball down a wood-structure or synthetic (polyurethane) lane and towards ten pins positioned at the end of the lane.

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The Namibian

The Namibian is the largest daily newspaper in Namibia.

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The Star (South Africa)

The Star is a daily newspaper based in Gauteng, South Africa.

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Transall C-160

The Transall C-160 is a military transport aircraft, produced as a joint venture between France and Germany.

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True airspeed

The true airspeed (TAS; also KTAS, for knots true airspeed) of an aircraft is the speed of the aircraft relative to the airmass in which it is flying.

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Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was a court-like restorative justice body assembled in South Africa after the end of apartheid.

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UNICEF

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) is a United Nations (UN) program headquartered in New York City that provides humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries.

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UNITA

The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) (Portuguese: União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola) is the second-largest political party in Angola.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 428

United Nations Security Council Resolution 428, adopted unanimously on May 6, 1978, after hearing representations from the People's Republic of Angola, Zambia and the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO), the Council reminded Member States to refrain from using threats and use of force in their international relations.

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University of South Africa

The University of South Africa (UNISA) is the largest university on the African continent and attracts a third of all higher education students in South Africa.

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University of the Western Cape

The University of the Western Cape is a public university located in the Bellville suburb of Cape Town, South Africa.

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Zambia

Zambia, officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in south-central Africa, (although some sources prefer to consider it part of the region of east Africa) neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west.

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ZPU

The ZPU (Russian: зенитная пулемётная установка, meaning "anti-aircraft machine gun mount") is a family of towed anti-aircraft gun based on the Soviet 14.5×114mm KPV heavy machine gun.

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ZU-23-2

The ZU-23-2, also known as ZU-23, is a Soviet towed 23 mm anti-aircraft twin-barreled autocannon.

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1 Parachute Battalion

1 Parachute Battalion (Ex Alto Vincimus) is the only full-time paratroop unit of the South African Army.

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12 Squadron SAAF

12 Squadron was a South African Air Force squadron that served in World War II in East Africa and the Western Desert as a medium bomber squadron.

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44 Parachute Regiment (South Africa)

44 Parachute Regiment is the South African Army's chief airborne infantry unit.

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7.62×51mm NATO

The 7.62×51mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 7.62 NATO) is a rimless bottlenecked rifle cartridge developed in the 1950s as a standard for small arms among NATO countries.

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Redirects here:

Battle of Kassinga, Battle of cassinga, Cassinga Massacre, Cassinga Raid, Cassinga massacre, Kassinga Massacre, Kassinga Raid, Raid on Cassinga.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cassinga

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