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PHD finger

Index PHD finger

The PHD finger was discovered in 1993 as a Cys4-His-Cys3 motif in the plant homeodomain (hence PHD) proteins HAT3.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana and maize ZmHox1a. [1]

35 relations: Alpha helix, Arabidopsis thaliana, ASH1L, ASH2L, Autoimmune regulator, BAZ1B, Beta sheet, Biomolecular structure, Bromodomain, Chromatin, Chromodomain, CREB-binding protein, Cysteine, Demethylase, EP300, Epigenetics, FYVE domain, H3K4me3, Histidine, Histone, ING2, KDM1A, KDM5C, KMT2A, Lysine, Methylation, Methyltransferase, PHF21A, Polycomb-group proteins, Protein, Regulation of gene expression, RING finger domain, Trithorax-group proteins, Williams syndrome, Zinc.

Alpha helix

The alpha helix (α-helix) is a common motif in the secondary structure of proteins and is a righthand-spiral conformation (i.e. helix) in which every backbone N−H group donates a hydrogen bond to the backbone C.

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Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small flowering plant native to Eurasia and Africa.

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ASH1L

ASH1L (also called huASH1, ASH1, ASH1L1, ASH1-like, or KMT2H) is a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase enzyme encoded by the ASH1L gene located at chromosomal band 1q22.

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ASH2L

Set1/Ash2 histone methyltransferase complex subunit ASH2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ASH2L gene.

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Autoimmune regulator

The autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIRE gene.

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BAZ1B

Tyrosine-protein kinase BAZ1B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BAZ1B gene.

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Beta sheet

The β-sheet (also β-pleated sheet) is a common motif of regular secondary structure in proteins.

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Biomolecular structure

Biomolecular structure is the intricate folded, three-dimensional shape that is formed by a molecule of protein, DNA, or RNA, and that is important to its function.

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Bromodomain

A bromodomain is an approximately 110 amino acid protein domain that recognizes acetylated lysine residues, such as those on the N-terminal tails of histones.

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Chromatin

Chromatin is a complex of macromolecules found in cells, consisting of DNA, protein, and RNA.

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Chromodomain

A chromodomain (chromatin organization modifier) is a protein structural domain of about 40–50 amino acid residues commonly found in proteins associated with the remodeling and manipulation of chromatin.

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CREB-binding protein

CREB-binding protein, also known as CREBBP or CBP, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CREBBP gene.

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Cysteine

Cysteine (symbol Cys or C) is a semi-essential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH2SH.

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Demethylase

Demethylases are enzymes that remove methyl (CH3-) groups from nucleic acids, proteins (in particular histones), and other molecules.

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EP300

Histone acetyltransferase p300 also known as p300 HAT or E1A-associated protein p300 (where E1A.

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Epigenetics

Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence.

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FYVE domain

In molecular biology the FYVE zinc finger domain is named after the four cysteine-rich proteins: Fab 1 (yeast orthologue of PIKfyve), YOTB, Vac 1 (vesicle transport protein), and '''E'''EA1, in which it has been found.

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H3K4me3

H3K4me3 is an epigenetic chemical modification involved in the regulation of gene expression.

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Histidine

Histidine (symbol His or H) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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Histone

In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes.

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ING2

Inhibitor of growth protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ING2 gene.

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KDM1A

Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1) also known as lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A (KDM1A) is a protein in humans that is encoded by the KDM1A gene.

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KDM5C

Lysine-specific demethylase 5C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KDM5C gene.

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KMT2A

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A also known as acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (ALL-1), myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1), or zinc finger protein HRX (HRX) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KMT2A gene.

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Lysine

Lysine (symbol Lys or K) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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Methylation

In the chemical sciences, methylation denotes the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.

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Methyltransferase

Methyltransferases are a large group of enzymes that all methylate their substrates but can be split into several subclasses based on their structural features.

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PHF21A

PHD finger protein 21A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHF21A gene.

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Polycomb-group proteins

Polycomb-group proteins are a family of proteins first discovered in fruit flies that can remodel chromatin such that epigenetic silencing of genes takes place.

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Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Regulation of gene expression

Regulation of gene expression includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA), and is informally termed gene regulation.

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RING finger domain

In molecular biology, a RING (Really Interesting New Gene) finger domain is a protein structural domain of zinc finger type which contains a C3HC4 amino acid motif which binds two zinc cations (seven cysteines and one histidine arranged non-consecutively).

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Trithorax-group proteins

Trithorax Group (TrxG) proteins are a heterogeneous collection of proteins whose main action is to maintain gene expression.

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Williams syndrome

Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body.

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Zinc

Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHD_finger

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