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Crary Mountains

Index Crary Mountains

Crary Mountains are a group of ice-covered volcanoes in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 77 relations: Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names, Albert P. Crary, Alkali basalt, Antarctica, Argon–argon dating, Basalt, Basanite, Basement (geology), Breccia, Byrd Station, Caldera, Cenozoic, Cinder cone, Cirque, Crary Mountains, Cretaceous, Crust (geology), Devonian, Dike (geology), Drainage divide, Echo, Executive Committee Range, Fault (geology), Fractional crystallization (geology), Getz Ice Shelf, Glacial erratic, Glacial period, Granitoid, Hawaiite, Hyaloclastite, Ice cap, Ice core, Ice sheet, International Geophysical Year, Lava, Magnetic anomaly, Magnetism, Magnetite, Mantle (geology), Mantle plume, Marie Byrd Land, Marie Byrd Land Volcanic Province, McMurdo Station, Metamorphic rock, Miocene, Moraine, Mount Petras, Mount Rees (Marie Byrd Land), New Zealand, Oligocene, ... Expand index (27 more) »

  2. Miocene shield volcanoes
  3. Pliocene shield volcanoes
  4. Shield volcanoes of Antarctica
  5. Volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land

Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names

The Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (ACAN or US-ACAN) is an advisory committee of the United States Board on Geographic Names responsible for recommending commemorative names for features in Antarctica.

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Albert P. Crary

Albert Paddock Crary (July 25, 1911 – October 29, 1987), was an American pioneer polar geophysicist and glaciologist.

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Alkali basalt

Alkali basalt or alkali olivine basalt is a dark-colored, porphyritic volcanic rock usually found in oceanic and continental areas associated with volcanic activity, such as oceanic islands, continental rifts and volcanic fields.

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Antarctica

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent.

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Argon–argon dating

Argon–argon (or 40Ar/39Ar) dating is a radiometric dating method invented to supersede potassiumndashargon (K/Ar) dating in accuracy.

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Basalt

Basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon.

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Basanite

Basanite is an igneous, volcanic (extrusive) rock with aphanitic to porphyritic texture.

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Basement (geology)

In geology, basement and crystalline basement are crystalline rocks lying above the mantle and beneath all other rocks and sediments.

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Breccia

Breccia is a rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.

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Byrd Station

The Byrd Station is a former research station established by the United States during the International Geophysical Year by U.S. Navy Seabees during Operation Deep Freeze II in West Antarctica.

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Caldera

A caldera is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcanic eruption.

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Cenozoic

The Cenozoic is Earth's current geological era, representing the last 66million years of Earth's history.

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Cinder cone

A cinder cone (or scoria cone) is a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic clinkers, volcanic ash, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent.

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Cirque

A (from the Latin word) is an amphitheatre-like valley formed by glacial erosion.

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Crary Mountains

Crary Mountains are a group of ice-covered volcanoes in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. Crary Mountains and Crary Mountains are Miocene shield volcanoes, Pleistocene shield volcanoes, Pliocene shield volcanoes, shield volcanoes of Antarctica and volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land.

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Cretaceous

The Cretaceous is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya).

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Crust (geology)

In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite.

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Devonian

The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era during the Phanerozoic eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian period at million years ago (Ma), to the beginning of the succeeding Carboniferous period at Ma.

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Dike (geology)

In geology, a dike or dyke is a sheet of rock that is formed in a fracture of a pre-existing rock body.

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Drainage divide

A drainage divide, water divide, ridgeline, watershed, water parting or height of land is elevated terrain that separates neighboring drainage basins.

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Echo

In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo is a reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound.

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Executive Committee Range

The Executive Committee Range is a range consisting of five major volcanoes, which trends north-south for along the 126th meridian west, in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. Crary Mountains and Executive Committee Range are volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land.

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Fault (geology)

In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock-mass movements.

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Fractional crystallization (geology)

Fractional crystallization, or crystal fractionation, is one of the most important geochemical and physical processes operating within crust and mantle of a rocky planetary body, such as the Earth.

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Getz Ice Shelf

The Getz Ice Shelf is an ice shelf over long and from wide, bordering the Hobbs Coast and Bakutis Coast of Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica, between the McDonald Heights and Martin Peninsula.

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Glacial erratic

A glacial erratic is a glacially deposited rock differing from the type of rock native to the area in which it rests.

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Glacial period

A glacial period (alternatively glacial or glaciation) is an interval of time (thousands of years) within an ice age that is marked by colder temperatures and glacier advances.

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Granitoid

A granitoid is a generic term for a diverse category of coarse-grained igneous rocks that consist predominantly of quartz, plagioclase, and alkali feldspar.

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Hawaiite

Hawaiite is an olivine basalt with a composition between alkali basalt and mugearite.

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Hyaloclastite

Hyaloclastite is a volcanoclastic accumulation or breccia consisting of glass (from the Greek hyalus) fragments (clasts) formed by quench fragmentation of lava flow surfaces during submarine or subglacial extrusion.

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Ice cap

In glaciology, an ice cap is a mass of ice that covers less than of land area (usually covering a highland area).

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Ice core

An ice core is a core sample that is typically removed from an ice sheet or a high mountain glacier.

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Ice sheet

In glaciology, an ice sheet, also known as a continental glacier, is a mass of glacial ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than.

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International Geophysical Year

The International Geophysical Year (IGY; Année géophysique internationale), also referred to as the third International Polar Year, was an international scientific project that lasted from 1 July 1957 to 31 December 1958.

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Lava

Lava is molten or partially molten rock (magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a moon onto its surface.

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Magnetic anomaly

In geophysics, a magnetic anomaly is a local variation in the Earth's magnetic field resulting from variations in the chemistry or magnetism of the rocks.

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Magnetism

Magnetism is the class of physical attributes that occur through a magnetic field, which allows objects to attract or repel each other.

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Magnetite

Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula.

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Mantle (geology)

A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust.

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Mantle plume

A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth's mantle, hypothesized to explain anomalous volcanism.

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Marie Byrd Land

Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica.

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Marie Byrd Land Volcanic Province

The Marie Byrd Land Volcanic Province is a volcanic field in northern Marie Byrd Land of West Antarctica, consisting of over 18 large shield volcanoes, 30 small volcanic centres and possibly many more centres buried under the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Crary Mountains and Marie Byrd Land Volcanic Province are volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land.

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McMurdo Station

McMurdo Station is an American Antarctic research station on the southern tip of Ross Island, which is in the New Zealand–claimed Ross Dependency on the shore of McMurdo Sound in Antarctica.

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Metamorphic rock

Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock to new types of rock in a process called metamorphism.

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Miocene

The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).

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Moraine

A moraine is any accumulation of unconsolidated debris (regolith and rock), sometimes referred to as glacial till, that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions, and that has been previously carried along by a glacier or ice sheet.

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Mount Petras

Mount Petras is a mountain in Antarctica. Crary Mountains and mount Petras are volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land.

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Mount Rees (Marie Byrd Land)

Mount Rees is a mountain located northwest of Mount Steere in the northern end of Crary Mountains, Marie Byrd Land. Crary Mountains and mount Rees (Marie Byrd Land) are Miocene shield volcanoes, Pliocene shield volcanoes, shield volcanoes of Antarctica and volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land.

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New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Oligocene

The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present (to). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain.

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Olivine

The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula.

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Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions.

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Parasitic cone

A parasitic cone (also adventive cone or satellite cone) is the cone-shaped accumulation of volcanic material not part of the central vent of a volcano.

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Phenocryst

Swiss side of the Mont Blanc massif, has large white phenocrysts of plagioclase (that have trapezoid shapes when cut through). 1 euro coin (diameter 2.3 cm) for scale. A phenocryst is an early forming, relatively large and usually conspicuous crystal distinctly larger than the grains of the rock groundmass of an igneous rock.

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Phonolite

Phonolite is an uncommon shallow intrusive or extrusive rock, of intermediate chemical composition between felsic and mafic, with texture ranging from aphanitic (fine-grained) to porphyritic (mixed fine- and coarse-grained).

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Phreatic eruption

A phreatic eruption, also called a phreatic explosion, ultravulcanian eruption or steam-blast eruption, occurs when magma heats ground water or surface water.

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Pillow lava

Pillow lavas are lavas that contain characteristic pillow-shaped structures that are attributed to the extrusion of the lava underwater, or subaqueous extrusion.

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Plagioclase

Plagioclase is a series of tectosilicate (framework silicate) minerals within the feldspar group.

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Pliocene

The Pliocene (also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58 million years ago.

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Pyroclastic rock

Pyroclastic rocks are clastic rocks composed of rock fragments produced and ejected by explosive volcanic eruptions.

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Pyroxene

The pyroxenes (commonly abbreviated Px) are a group of important rock-forming inosilicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks.

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Rhyolite

Rhyolite is the most silica-rich of volcanic rocks.

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Scoria

Scoria is a pyroclastic, highly vesicular, dark-colored volcanic rock formed by ejection from a volcano as a molten blob and cooled in the air to form discrete grains called clasts.

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Shield volcano

A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a shield lying on the ground.

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Siple Station

Siple Station was a research station in Antarctica, established in 1973 by Stanford's STAR Lab, to perform experiments that actively probed the magnetosphere using very low frequency (VLF) waves.

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Subglacial eruption

Subglacial eruptions, those of ice-covered volcanoes, result in the interaction of magma with ice and snow, leading to meltwater formation, jökulhlaups, and lahars.

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Tephra

Tephra is fragmental material produced by a volcanic eruption regardless of composition, fragment size, or emplacement mechanism.

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Till

Closeup of glacial till. Note that the larger grains (pebbles and gravel) in the till are completely surrounded by the matrix of finer material (silt and sand), and this characteristic, known as ''matrix support'', is diagnostic of till. Glacial till with tufts of grass Till or glacial till is unsorted glacial sediment.

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Trachyte

Trachyte is an extrusive igneous rock composed mostly of alkali feldspar.

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Tuff

Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption.

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United States Antarctic Program

The United States Antarctic Program (or USAP; formerly known as the United States Antarctic Research Program or USARP and the United States Antarctic Service or USAS) is an organization of the United States government which has a presence in the Antarctica continent.

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United States Geological Survey

The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an agency of the United States government whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geography, geology, and hydrology.

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Volcanic arc

A volcanic arc (also known as a magmatic arc) is a belt of volcanoes formed above a subducting oceanic tectonic plate, with the belt arranged in an arc shape as seen from above.

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West Antarctic Ice Sheet

The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is the segment of the continental ice sheet that covers West Antarctica, the portion of Antarctica on the side of the Transantarctic Mountains that lies in the Western Hemisphere.

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West Antarctic Rift System

The West Antarctic Rift System is a series of rift valleys between East and West Antarctica.

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West Antarctica

West Antarctica, or Lesser Antarctica, one of the two major regions of Antarctica, is the part of that continent that lies within the Western Hemisphere, and includes the Antarctic Peninsula.

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Xenolith

A xenolith ("foreign rock") is a rock fragment (country rock) that becomes enveloped in a larger rock during the latter's development and solidification.

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See also

Miocene shield volcanoes

Pliocene shield volcanoes

Shield volcanoes of Antarctica

Volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crary_Mountains

Also known as Boyd Ridge, Campbell Valley, English Rock, Lie Cliff, Morrison Rocks, Mount Frakes, Mount Steere, Runyon Rock, Tasch Peak, Trabucco Cliff, White Valley (Antarctica).

, Olivine, Pacific Ocean, Parasitic cone, Phenocryst, Phonolite, Phreatic eruption, Pillow lava, Plagioclase, Pliocene, Pyroclastic rock, Pyroxene, Rhyolite, Scoria, Shield volcano, Siple Station, Subglacial eruption, Tephra, Till, Trachyte, Tuff, United States Antarctic Program, United States Geological Survey, Volcanic arc, West Antarctic Ice Sheet, West Antarctic Rift System, West Antarctica, Xenolith.