OutgoingIncoming

🌟We've simplified our design for better navigation!

Table of Contents

1. 423 relations: Aage Bohr, Abdus Salam, Accelerating expansion of the universe, Adam Riess, Alain Aspect, Albert A. Michelson, Albert Einstein, Albert Fert, Alexander Prokhorov, Alexei Abrikosov (physicist), Alfred Kastler, Alfred Nobel, Alkali, Allotropy, Amplifier, Andre Geim, Andrea M. Ghez, Anisotropy, Anne L'Huillier, Anode ray, Anthony James Leggett, Antiferromagnetism, Antiproton, Anton Zeilinger, Antony Hewish, Aperture synthesis, Argon, Arno Allan Penzias, Arthur Ashkin, Arthur B. McDonald, Arthur Compton, Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Astrophysics, Asymptotic freedom, ATLAS experiment, Atom, Atomic nucleus, Atomic physics, Attosecond physics, Barry Barish, BCS theory, Bell's theorem, Ben Roy Mottelson, Bertram Brockhouse, Black body, Black hole, Bose–Einstein condensate, Brian Josephson, Brian Schmidt, Bubble chamber, ... Expand index (373 more) » « Shrink index

2. Lists of Nobel laureates

Aage Bohr

Aage Niels Bohr (19 June 1922 – 8 September 2009) was a Danish nuclear physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 with Ben Roy Mottelson and James Rainwater "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Aage Bohr are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Aage Bohr

Abdus Salam

Mohammad Abdus Salam Salam adopted the forename "Mohammad" in 1974 in response to the anti-Ahmadiyya decrees in Pakistan, similarly he grew his beard. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Abdus Salam are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Abdus Salam

Accelerating expansion of the universe

Observations show that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, such that the velocity at which a distant galaxy recedes from the observer is continuously increasing with time.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Accelerating expansion of the universe

Adam Riess

Adam Guy Riess (born December 16, 1969) is an American astrophysicist and Bloomberg Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University and the Space Telescope Science Institute. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Adam Riess are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Adam Riess

Alain Aspect

Alain Aspect (born 15 June 1947) is a French physicist noted for his experimental work on quantum entanglement. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alain Aspect are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alain Aspect

Albert A. Michelson

Albert Abraham Michelson FFRS FRSE (surname pronunciation anglicized as "Michael-son", December 19, 1852 – May 9, 1931) was a Prussian-born American physicist of Jewish descent, known for his work on measuring the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Albert A. Michelson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Albert A. Michelson

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence formula, which arises from relativity theory, has been called "the world's most famous equation". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Albert Einstein are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Albert Einstein

Albert Fert

Albert Fert (born 7 March 1938) is a French physicist and one of the discoverers of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Albert Fert are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Albert Fert

Alexander Prokhorov

Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov (born Alexander Michael Prochoroff, Алекса́ндр Миха́йлович Про́хоров; 11 July 1916 – 8 January 2002) was a Russian physicist and researcher on lasers and masers in the former Soviet Union for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1964 with Charles Hard Townes and Nikolay Basov. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alexander Prokhorov are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alexander Prokhorov

Alexei Abrikosov (physicist)

Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (Алексе́й Алексе́евич Абрико́сов; June 25, 1928 – March 29, 2017) was a Soviet, Russian and AmericanAlexei A. Abrikosov. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alexei Abrikosov (physicist) are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alexei Abrikosov (physicist)

Alfred Kastler

Alfred Kastler (3 May 1902 – 7 January 1984) was a French physicist, and Nobel Prize laureate. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alfred Kastler are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alfred Kastler

Alfred Nobel

Alfred Bernhard Nobel (21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, inventor, engineer and businessman.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alfred Nobel

Alkali

In chemistry, an alkali (from lit) is a basic, ionic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Alkali

Allotropy

Allotropy or allotropism is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Allotropy

Amplifier

An amplifier, electronic amplifier or (informally) amp is an electronic device that can increase the magnitude of a signal (a time-varying voltage or current).

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Amplifier

Andre Geim

Sir Andre Konstantin Geim (Андре́й Константи́нович Гейм; born 21 October 1958; IPA1 pronunciation: ɑːndreɪ gaɪm) is a Russian-born Dutch–British physicist working in England in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Andre Geim are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Andre Geim

Andrea M. Ghez

Andrea Mia Ghez (born June 16, 1965) is an American astrophysicist, Nobel laureate, and professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Lauren B. Leichtman & Arthur E. Levine chair in Astrophysics, at the University of California, Los Angeles. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Andrea M. Ghez are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Andrea M. Ghez

Anisotropy

Anisotropy is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anisotropy

Anne L'Huillier

Anne Geneviève L'Huillier (born 16 August 1958) is a French physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anne L'Huillier are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anne L'Huillier

Anode ray

An anode ray (also positive ray or canal ray) is a beam of positive ions that is created by certain types of gas-discharge tubes.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anode ray

Anthony James Leggett

Sir Anthony James Leggett (born 26 March 1938) is a British–American theoretical physicist and professor emeritus at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anthony James Leggett are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anthony James Leggett

Antiferromagnetism

In materials that exhibit antiferromagnetism, the magnetic moments of atoms or molecules, usually related to the spins of electrons, align in a regular pattern with neighboring spins (on different sublattices) pointing in opposite directions.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Antiferromagnetism

Antiproton

The antiproton,, (pronounced p-bar) is the antiparticle of the proton.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Antiproton

Anton Zeilinger

Anton Zeilinger (born 20 May 1945) is an Austrian quantum physicist and Nobel laureate in physics of 2022. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anton Zeilinger are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Anton Zeilinger

Antony Hewish

Antony Hewish (11 May 1924 – 13 September 2021) was a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer Martin Ryle) for his role in the discovery of pulsars. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Antony Hewish are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Antony Hewish

Aperture synthesis

Aperture synthesis or synthesis imaging is a type of interferometry that mixes signals from a collection of telescopes to produce images having the same angular resolution as an instrument the size of the entire collection.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Aperture synthesis

Argon

Argon is a chemical element; it has symbol Ar and atomic number 18.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Argon

Arno Allan Penzias

Arno Allan Penzias (April 26, 1933 – January 22, 2024) was an American physicist and radio astronomer. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arno Allan Penzias are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arno Allan Penzias

Arthur Ashkin

Arthur Ashkin (September 2, 1922 – September 21, 2020) was an American scientist and Nobel laureate who worked at Bell Laboratories and Lucent Technologies. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur Ashkin are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur Ashkin

Arthur B. McDonald

Arthur Bruce McDonald, P.Eng (born August 29, 1943) is a Canadian astrophysicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur B. McDonald are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur B. McDonald

Arthur Compton

Arthur Holly Compton (September 10, 1892 – March 15, 1962) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927 for his 1923 discovery of the Compton effect, which demonstrated the particle nature of electromagnetic radiation. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur Compton are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur Compton

Arthur Leonard Schawlow

Arthur Leonard Schawlow (May 5, 1921 – April 28, 1999) was an American physicist who, along with Charles Townes, developed the theoretical basis for laser science. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur Leonard Schawlow are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Arthur Leonard Schawlow

Astrophysics

Astrophysics is a science that employs the methods and principles of physics and chemistry in the study of astronomical objects and phenomena.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Astrophysics

Asymptotic freedom

In quantum field theory, asymptotic freedom is a property of some gauge theories that causes interactions between particles to become asymptotically weaker as the energy scale increases and the corresponding length scale decreases.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Asymptotic freedom

ATLAS experiment

ATLAS is the largest general-purpose particle detector experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a particle accelerator at CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Switzerland.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and ATLAS experiment

Atom

Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Atom

Atomic nucleus

The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Atomic nucleus

Atomic physics

Atomic physics is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of electrons and an atomic nucleus.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Atomic physics

Attosecond physics

Attosecond physics, also known as attophysics, or more generally attosecond science, is a branch of physics that deals with light-matter interaction phenomena wherein attosecond (10−18 s) photon pulses are used to unravel dynamical processes in matter with unprecedented time resolution.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Attosecond physics

Barry Barish

Barry Clark Barish (born January 27, 1936) is an American experimental physicist and Nobel Laureate. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Barry Barish are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Barry Barish

BCS theory

In physics, the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) theory (named after John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and John Robert Schrieffer) is the first microscopic theory of superconductivity since Heike Kamerlingh Onnes's 1911 discovery.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and BCS theory

Bell's theorem

Bell's theorem is a term encompassing a number of closely related results in physics, all of which determine that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local hidden-variable theories, given some basic assumptions about the nature of measurement.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Bell's theorem

Ben Roy Mottelson

Ben Roy Mottelson (9 July 1926 – 13 May 2022) was an American-Danish nuclear physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ben Roy Mottelson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ben Roy Mottelson

Bertram Brockhouse

Bertram Neville Brockhouse, (July 15, 1918 – October 13, 2003) was a Canadian physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Bertram Brockhouse are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Bertram Brockhouse

Black body

A black body or blackbody is an idealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Black body

Black hole

A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light and other electromagnetic waves, is capable of possessing enough energy to escape it.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Black hole

Bose–Einstein condensate

In condensed matter physics, a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at very low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (−273.15 °C or −459.67 °F or 0 K).

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Bose–Einstein condensate

Brian Josephson

Brian David Josephson (born 4 January 1940) is a British theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Cambridge. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Brian Josephson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Brian Josephson

Brian Schmidt

Brian Paul Schmidt (born 24 February 1967) is a Distinguished Professor and astrophysicist at the Australian National University's Mount Stromlo Observatory and Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Brian Schmidt are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Brian Schmidt

Bubble chamber

A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Bubble chamber

Burton Richter

Burton Richter (March 22, 1931 – July 18, 2018) was an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Burton Richter are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Burton Richter

C. F. Powell

Cecil Frank Powell, FRS (5 December 1903 – 9 August 1969) was a British physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for heading the team that developed the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and for the resulting discovery of the pion (pi-meson), a subatomic particle. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and C. F. Powell are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and C. F. Powell

C. V. Raman

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (7 November 188821 November 1970) was an Indian physicist known for his work in the field of light scattering. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and C. V. Raman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and C. V. Raman

Carl David Anderson

Carl David Anderson (September 3, 1905 – January 11, 1991) was an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Carl David Anderson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Carl David Anderson

Carl Wieman

Carl Edwin Wieman (born March 26, 1951) is an American physicist and educationist at Stanford University, and currently the A. D. White Professor at Large at Cornell University. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Carl Wieman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Carl Wieman

Carlo Rubbia

Carlo Rubbia (born 31 March 1934) is an Italian particle physicist and inventor who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1984 with Simon van der Meer for work leading to the discovery of the W and Z particles at CERN. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Carlo Rubbia are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Carlo Rubbia

Cathode ray

Cathode rays or electron beams (e-beam) are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Cathode ray

Ceramic

A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant, and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ceramic

CERN

The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (Conseil européen pour la Recherche nucléaire), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and CERN

Charge-coupled device

A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charge-coupled device

Charles Édouard Guillaume

Charles Édouard Guillaume (15 February 1861, in Fleurier, Switzerland – 13 May 1938, in Sèvres, France) was a Swiss physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1920 in recognition of the service he had rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles Édouard Guillaume are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles Édouard Guillaume

Charles Glover Barkla

Charles Glover Barkla FRS FRSE (7 June 1877 – 23 October 1944) was a British physicist, and the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1917 for his work in X-ray spectroscopy and related areas in the study of X-rays (Roentgen rays). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles Glover Barkla are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles Glover Barkla

Charles H. Townes

Charles Hard Townes (July 28, 1915 – January 27, 2015) was an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles H. Townes are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles H. Townes

Charles K. Kao

Sir Charles Kao Kuen as a member of National Academy of Engineering in Electronics, Communication & Information Systems Engineering for pioneering and sustained accomplishments towards the theoretical and practical realization of fiber-optic communication systems. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles K. Kao are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles K. Kao

Charles Thomson Rees Wilson

Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, (14 February 1869 – 15 November 1959) was a Scottish physicist and meteorologist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his invention of the cloud chamber. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles Thomson Rees Wilson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Charles Thomson Rees Wilson

Cherenkov radiation

Cherenkov radiation (also known as Čerenkov or Cerenkov radiation) is electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle (such as an electron) passes through a dielectric medium (such as distilled water) at a speed greater than the phase velocity (speed of propagation of a wavefront in a medium) of light in that medium.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Cherenkov radiation

Claude Cohen-Tannoudji

Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (born 1 April 1933) is a French physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji

Clifford Shull

Clifford Glenwood Shull (September 23, 1915 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania – March 31, 2001) was an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Clifford Shull are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Clifford Shull

Climate

Climate is the long-term weather pattern in a region, typically averaged over 30 years.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Climate

Climate change

In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Climate change

Clinton Davisson

Clinton Joseph Davisson (October 22, 1881 – February 1, 1958) was an American physicist who won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of electron diffraction in the famous Davisson–Germer experiment. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Clinton Davisson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Clinton Davisson

Cloud chamber

A cloud chamber, also known as a Wilson cloud chamber, is a particle detector used for visualizing the passage of ionizing radiation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Cloud chamber

Coherence (physics)

Coherence expresses the potential for two waves to interfere.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Coherence (physics)

Coincidence circuit

In physics and electrical engineering, a coincidence circuit or coincidence gate is an electronic device with one output and two (or more) inputs.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Coincidence circuit

Compact Muon Solenoid

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment is one of two large general-purpose particle physics detectors built on the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Switzerland and France.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Compact Muon Solenoid

Compton scattering

Compton scattering (or the Compton effect) is the quantum theory of high frequency photons scattering following an interaction with a charged particle, usually an electron.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Compton scattering

Condensed matter physics

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases, that arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms and electrons.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Condensed matter physics

Cosmic microwave background

The cosmic microwave background (CMB or CMBR) is microwave radiation that fills all space in the observable universe.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Cosmic microwave background

Cosmic ray

Cosmic rays or astroparticles are high-energy particles or clusters of particles (primarily represented by protons or atomic nuclei) that move through space at nearly the speed of light.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Cosmic ray

CP violation

In particle physics, CP violation is a violation of CP-symmetry (or charge conjugation parity symmetry): the combination of C-symmetry (charge conjugation symmetry) and P-symmetry (parity symmetry).

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and CP violation

Cryogenics

In physics, cryogenics is the production and behaviour of materials at very low temperatures.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Cryogenics

Crystal structure

In crystallography, crystal structure is a description of ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline material.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Crystal structure

Cyclotron

A cyclotron is a type of particle accelerator invented by Ernest Lawrence in 1929–1930 at the University of California, Berkeley, and patented in 1932.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Cyclotron

Daniel C. Tsui

Daniel Chee Tsui (born February 28, 1939) is an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Daniel C. Tsui are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Daniel C. Tsui

David Gross

David Jonathan Gross (born February 19, 1941) is an American theoretical physicist and string theorist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David Gross are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David Gross

David J. Thouless

David James Thouless (21 September 1934 – 6 April 2019) was a British condensed-matter physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David J. Thouless are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David J. Thouless

David J. Wineland

David Jeffery Wineland(born February 24, 1944) is an American Nobel-laureate physicist at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (Physical Measurement Laboratory). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David J. Wineland are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David J. Wineland

David Lee (physicist)

David Morris Lee (born January 20, 1931) is an American physicist who shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physics with Robert C. Richardson and Douglas Osheroff "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3." Lee is professor emeritus of physics at Cornell University and distinguished professor of physics at Texas A&M University. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David Lee (physicist) are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and David Lee (physicist)

Deep inelastic scattering

In particle physics, deep inelastic scattering is the name given to a process used to probe the insides of hadrons (particularly the baryons, such as protons and neutrons), using electrons, muons and neutrinos.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Deep inelastic scattering

Dennis Gabor

Dennis Gabor (Gábor Dénes,; 5 June 1900 – 9 February 1979) was a Hungarian-British electrical engineer and physicist who invented holography, for which he received the 1971 Nobel Prize in Physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Dennis Gabor are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Dennis Gabor

Didier Queloz

Didier Patrick Queloz (born 23 February 1966) is a Swiss astronomer. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Didier Queloz are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Didier Queloz

Donald A. Glaser

Donald Arthur Glaser (September 21, 1926 – February 28, 2013) was an American physicist, neurobiologist, and the winner of the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics for his invention of the bubble chamber used in subatomic particle physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Donald A. Glaser are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Donald A. Glaser

Donna Strickland

Donna Theo Strickland (born 27 May 1959) is a Canadian optical physicist and pioneer in the field of pulsed lasers. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Donna Strickland are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Donna Strickland

Doppler effect

The Doppler effect (also Doppler shift) is the change in the frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Doppler effect

Doublet state

In quantum mechanics, a doublet is a composite quantum state of a system with an effective spin of 1/2, such that there are two allowed values of the spin component, −1/2 and +1/2.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Doublet state

Douglas Osheroff

Douglas Dean Osheroff (born August 1, 1945) is an American physicist known for his work in experimental condensed matter physics, in particular for his co-discovery of superfluidity in Helium-3. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Douglas Osheroff are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Douglas Osheroff

Duncan Haldane

Frederick Duncan Michael Haldane One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: (born 14 September 1951), known as F. Duncan Haldane, is a British-born physicist who is currently the Sherman Fairchild University Professor of Physics at Princeton University. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Duncan Haldane are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Duncan Haldane

Edward Mills Purcell

Edward Mills Purcell (August 30, 1912 – March 7, 1997) was an American physicist who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics for his independent discovery (published 1946) of nuclear magnetic resonance in liquids and in solids. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Edward Mills Purcell are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Edward Mills Purcell

Edward Victor Appleton

Sir Edward Victor Appleton (6 September 1892 – 21 April 1965) was an English physicist, Nobel Prize winner (1947) and pioneer in radiophysics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Edward Victor Appleton are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Edward Victor Appleton

Electric field

An electric field (sometimes called E-field) is the physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electric field

Electrical resistivity and conductivity

Electrical resistivity (also called volume resistivity or specific electrical resistance) is a fundamental specific property of a material that measures its electrical resistance or how strongly it resists electric current.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electrical resistivity and conductivity

Electron

The electron (or in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary electric charge.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electron

Electron diffraction

Electron diffraction is a generic term for phenomena associated with changes in the direction of electron beams due to elastic interactions with atoms.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electron diffraction

Electron microscope

An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of electrons as a source of illumination.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electron microscope

Electron optics

Electron optics is a mathematical framework for the calculation of electron trajectories in the presence of electromagnetic fields.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electron optics

Electron scattering

Electron scattering occurs when electrons are displaced from their original trajectory.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electron scattering

Electron spectroscopy

Electron spectroscopy refers to a group formed by techniques based on the analysis of the energies of emitted electrons such as photoelectrons and Auger electrons.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electron spectroscopy

Electroweak interaction

In particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the four known fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism (electromagnetic interaction) and the weak interaction.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Electroweak interaction

Elementary charge

The elementary charge, usually denoted by, is a fundamental physical constant, defined as the electric charge carried by a single proton or, equivalently, the magnitude of the negative electric charge carried by a single electron, which has charge −1.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Elementary charge

Elementary particle

In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle that is not composed of other particles.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Elementary particle

Emilio Segrè

Emilio Gino Segrè (1 February 1905 – 22 April 1989) was an Italian and naturalized-American physicist and Nobel laureate, who discovered the elements technetium and astatine, and the antiproton, a subatomic antiparticle, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1959 along with Owen Chamberlain. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Emilio Segrè are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Emilio Segrè

Enrico Fermi

Enrico Fermi (29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian and naturalized American physicist, renowned for being the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1, and a member of the Manhattan Project. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Enrico Fermi are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Enrico Fermi

Equation of state

In physics and chemistry, an equation of state is a thermodynamic equation relating state variables, which describe the state of matter under a given set of physical conditions, such as pressure, volume, temperature, or internal energy.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Equation of state

Eric Allin Cornell

Eric Allin Cornell (born December 19, 1961) is an American physicist who, along with Carl E. Wieman, was able to synthesize the first Bose–Einstein condensate in 1995. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Eric Allin Cornell are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Eric Allin Cornell

Ernest Lawrence

Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958) was an American nuclear physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939 for his invention of the cyclotron. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ernest Lawrence are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ernest Lawrence

Ernest Walton

Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton MRIA (6 October 1903 – 25 June 1995) was an Irish physicist and Nobel laureate who first split the atom. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ernest Walton are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ernest Walton

Ernst Ruska

Ernst August Friedrich Ruska (25 December 1906 – 27 May 1988) was a German physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for his work in electron optics, including the design of the first electron microscope. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ernst Ruska are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ernst Ruska

Erwin Schrödinger

Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (12 August 1887 – 4 January 1961), sometimes written as or, was a Nobel Prize–winning Austrian and naturalized Irish physicist who developed fundamental results in quantum theory. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Erwin Schrödinger are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Erwin Schrödinger

Eugene Wigner

Eugene Paul Wigner (Wigner Jenő Pál,; November 17, 1902 – January 1, 1995) was a Hungarian-American theoretical physicist who also contributed to mathematical physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Eugene Wigner are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Eugene Wigner

Exoplanet

An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside the Solar System.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Exoplanet

F region

The F region of the ionosphere is home to the F layer of ionization, also called the Appleton–Barnett layer, after the English physicist Edward Appleton and New Zealand physicist and meteorologist Miles Barnett.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and F region

Felix Bloch

Felix Bloch (23 October 1905 – 10 September 1983) was a Swiss-American physicist and Nobel physics laureate who worked mainly in the U.S. He and Edward Mills Purcell were awarded the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics for "their development of new ways and methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements."Sohlman, M (Ed.) Nobel Foundation directory 2003. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Felix Bloch are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Felix Bloch

Ferenc Krausz

Ferenc Krausz (born 17 May 1962) is a Hungarian physicist working in attosecond science. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ferenc Krausz are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ferenc Krausz

Ferrimagnetism

A ferrimagnetic material is a material that has populations of atoms with opposing magnetic moments, as in antiferromagnetism, but these moments are unequal in magnitude, so a spontaneous magnetization remains.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ferrimagnetism

Fine structure

In atomic physics, the fine structure describes the splitting of the spectral lines of atoms due to electron spin and relativistic corrections to the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Fine structure

François Englert

François, Baron Englert (born 6 November 1932) is a Belgian theoretical physicist and 2013 Nobel Prize laureate. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and François Englert are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and François Englert

Frank Wilczek

Frank Anthony Wilczek (or; born May 15, 1951) is an American theoretical physicist, mathematician and Nobel laureate. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Frank Wilczek are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Frank Wilczek

Frederick Reines

Frederick Reines (March 16, 1918 – August 26, 1998) was an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Frederick Reines are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Frederick Reines

Frequency comb

A frequency comb or spectral comb is a spectrum made of discrete and regularly spaced spectral lines.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Frequency comb

Frits Zernike

Frits Zernike (16 July 1888 – 10 March 1966) was a Dutch physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1953 for his invention of the phase-contrast microscope. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Frits Zernike are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Frits Zernike

Gabriel Lippmann

Jonas Ferdinand Gabriel Lippmann ForMemRS (16 August 1845 – 13 July 1921) was a Luxembourgish-French physicist and inventor, and Nobel laureate in Physics for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gabriel Lippmann are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gabriel Lippmann

Gamma ray

A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gamma ray

Gérard Mourou

Gérard Albert Mourou (born 22 June 1944) is a French scientist and pioneer in the field of electrical engineering and lasers. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gérard Mourou are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gérard Mourou

General relativity

General relativity, also known as the general theory of relativity and Einstein's theory of gravity, is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and is the current description of gravitation in modern physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and General relativity

Georg Bednorz

Johannes Georg Bednorz (born 16 May 1950) is a German physicist who, together with K. Alex Müller, discovered high-temperature superconductivity in ceramics, for which they shared the 1987 Nobel Prize in Physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Georg Bednorz are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Georg Bednorz

George E. Smith

George Elwood Smith (born May 10, 1930) is an American scientist, applied physicist, and co-inventor of the charge-coupled device (CCD). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and George E. Smith are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and George E. Smith

George Paget Thomson

Sir George Paget Thomson, FRS (3 May 189210 September 1975) was a British physicist and Nobel laureate in physics recognized for his discovery of the wave properties of the electron by electron diffraction. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and George Paget Thomson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and George Paget Thomson

George Smoot

George Fitzgerald Smoot III (born February 20, 1945) is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist, Nobel laureate, and the second contestant to win the $1 million prize on Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and George Smoot are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and George Smoot

Georges Charpak

Georges Charpak (born Jerzy Charpak, (1 August 1924 – 29 September 2010) was a Polish-born French physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1992. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Georges Charpak are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Georges Charpak

Gerard 't Hooft

Gerardus (Gerard) 't Hooft (born July 5, 1946) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and professor at Utrecht University, the Netherlands. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gerard 't Hooft are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gerard 't Hooft

Gerd Binnig

Gerd Binnig (born 20 July 1947) is a German physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gerd Binnig are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gerd Binnig

Giant magnetoresistance

Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is a quantum mechanical magnetoresistance effect observed in multilayers composed of alternating ferromagnetic and non-magnetic conductive layers.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Giant magnetoresistance

Giorgio Parisi

Giorgio Parisi (born 4 August 1948) is an Italian theoretical physicist, whose research has focused on quantum field theory, statistical mechanics and complex systems. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Giorgio Parisi are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Giorgio Parisi

Graphene

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a honeycomb nanostructure.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Graphene

Gravitational wave

Gravitational waves are waves of the intensity of gravity that are generated by the accelerated masses of binary stars and other motions of gravitating masses, and propagate as waves outward from their source at the speed of light.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gravitational wave

Guglielmo Marconi

Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi (25 April 187420 July 1937) was an Italian inventor, electrical engineer, and politician, known for his creation of a practical radio wave–based wireless telegraph system. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Guglielmo Marconi are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Guglielmo Marconi

Gustaf Dalén

Nils Gustaf Dalén (30 November 1869 – 9 December 1937) was a Swedish Nobel laureate and industrialist, engineer, inventor and long-term CEO of the AGA company and inventor of the AGA cooker and the Dalén light. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gustaf Dalén are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gustaf Dalén

Gustav Ludwig Hertz

Gustav Ludwig Hertz (22 July 1887 – 30 October 1975) was a German experimental physicist and Nobel Prize winner for his work on inelastic electron collisions in gases, and a nephew of Heinrich Hertz. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gustav Ludwig Hertz are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Gustav Ludwig Hertz

Hannes Alfvén

Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén (30 May 1908 – 2 April 1995) was a Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hannes Alfvén are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hannes Alfvén

Hans Bethe

Hans Albrecht Bethe (July 2, 1906 – March 6, 2005) was a German-American theoretical physicist who made major contributions to nuclear physics, astrophysics, quantum electrodynamics, and solid-state physics, and who won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hans Bethe are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hans Bethe

Hans Georg Dehmelt

Hans Georg Dehmelt (9 September 1922 – 7 March 2017) was a German and American physicist, who was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989, for co-developing the ion trap technique (Penning trap) with Wolfgang Paul, for which they shared one-half of the prize (the other half of the Prize in that year was awarded to Norman Foster Ramsey). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hans Georg Dehmelt are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hans Georg Dehmelt

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (21 September 185321 February 1926) was a Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Heike Kamerlingh Onnes are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

Heinrich Rohrer

Heinrich Rohrer (6 June 1933 – 16 May 2013) was a Swiss physicist who shared half of the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics with Gerd Binnig for the design of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Heinrich Rohrer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Heinrich Rohrer

Helium-3

Helium-3 (3He see also helion) is a light, stable isotope of helium with two protons and one neutron.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Helium-3

Hendrik Lorentz

Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hendrik Lorentz are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hendrik Lorentz

Henri Becquerel

Antoine Henri Becquerel (15 December 1852 – 25 August 1908) was a French engineer, physicist, Nobel laureate, and the first person to discover radioactivity. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Henri Becquerel are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Henri Becquerel

Henry Way Kendall

Henry Way Kendall (December 9, 1926 – February 15, 1999) was an American particle physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1990 jointly with Jerome Isaac Friedman and Richard E. Taylor "for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics.". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Henry Way Kendall are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Henry Way Kendall

Herbert Kroemer

Herbert Kroemer (August 25, 1928 – March 8, 2024) was a German-American physicist who, along with Zhores Alferov, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000 for "developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Herbert Kroemer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Herbert Kroemer

Heterojunction

A heterojunction is an interface between two layers or regions of dissimilar semiconductors.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Heterojunction

Hideki Yukawa

was a Japanese theoretical physicist and the first Japanese Nobel laureate for his prediction of the pi meson, or pion. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hideki Yukawa are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hideki Yukawa

Higgs boson

The Higgs boson, sometimes called the Higgs particle, is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, one of the fields in particle physics theory.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Higgs boson

Higgs mechanism

In the Standard Model of particle physics, the Higgs mechanism is essential to explain the generation mechanism of the property "mass" for gauge bosons.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Higgs mechanism

High pressure

In science and engineering the study of high pressure examines its effects on materials and the design and construction of devices, such as a diamond anvil cell, which can create high pressure.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and High pressure

Hiroshi Amano

is a Japanese physicist, engineer and inventor specializing in the field of semiconductor technology. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hiroshi Amano are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hiroshi Amano

History of atomic theory

Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and History of atomic theory

Holography

Holography is a technique that enables a wavefront to be recorded and later reconstructed.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Holography

Horst Ludwig Störmer

Horst Ludwig Störmer (born April 6, 1949) is a German physicist, Nobel laureate and emeritus professor at Columbia University. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Horst Ludwig Störmer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Horst Ludwig Störmer

Hugh David Politzer

Hugh David Politzer (born August 31, 1949) is an American theoretical physicist and the Richard Chace Tolman Professor of Theoretical Physics at the California Institute of Technology. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hugh David Politzer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hugh David Politzer

Hulse–Taylor pulsar

The Hulse–Taylor pulsar (known as PSR B1913+16, PSR J1915+1606 or PSR 1913+16) is a binary star system composed of a neutron star and a pulsar which orbit around their common center of mass.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hulse–Taylor pulsar

Hydrogen maser

A hydrogen maser, also known as hydrogen frequency standard, is a specific type of maser that uses the intrinsic properties of the hydrogen atom to serve as a precision frequency reference.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Hydrogen maser

Igor Tamm

Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm (a; 8 July 1895 – 12 April 1971) was a Soviet physicist who received the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, for their 1934 discovery and demonstration of Cherenkov radiation. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Igor Tamm are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Igor Tamm

Ilya Frank

Ilya Mikhailovich Frank (Илья Михайлович Франк; 23 October 1908 – 22 June 1990) was a Soviet physicist who received the 1958 Nobel Prize for Physics, jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Igor Y. Tamm, also of the Soviet Union. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ilya Frank are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ilya Frank

Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip, computer chip, or simply chip, is a small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Integrated circuit

Invention of radio

The invention of radio communication was preceded by many decades of establishing theoretical underpinnings, discovery and experimental investigation of radio waves, and engineering and technical developments related to their transmission and detection.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Invention of radio

Ion trap

An ion trap is a combination of electric and/or magnetic fields used to capture charged particles — known as ions — often in a system isolated from an external environment.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ion trap

Isamu Akasaki

was a Japanese engineer and physicist, specializing in the field of semiconductor technology and Nobel Prize laureate, best known for inventing the bright gallium nitride (GaN) p-n junction blue LED in 1989 and subsequently the high-brightness GaN blue LED as well. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Isamu Akasaki are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Isamu Akasaki

Isidor Isaac Rabi

Isidor Isaac Rabi (born Israel Isaac Rabi, July 29, 1898 – January 11, 1988) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1944 for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Isidor Isaac Rabi are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Isidor Isaac Rabi

Ivar Giaever

Ivar Giaever (Giæver,; born April 5, 1929) is a Norwegian-American engineer and physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 with Leo Esaki and Brian Josephson "for their discoveries regarding tunnelling phenomena in solids". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ivar Giaever are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Ivar Giaever

J. Hans D. Jensen

Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen (25 June 1907 – 11 February 1973) was a German nuclear physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and J. Hans D. Jensen are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and J. Hans D. Jensen

J. J. Thomson

Sir Joseph John Thomson (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be found. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and J. J. Thomson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and J. J. Thomson

J. Michael Kosterlitz

John Michael Kosterlitz (born June 22, 1943) is a Scottish-American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and J. Michael Kosterlitz are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and J. Michael Kosterlitz

J/psi meson

The (J/psi) meson is a subatomic particle, a flavor-neutral meson consisting of a charm quark and a charm antiquark.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and J/psi meson

Jack Kilby

Jack St. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jack Kilby are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jack Kilby

Jack Steinberger

Jack Steinberger (born Hans Jakob Steinberger; May 25, 1921December 12, 2020) was a German-born American physicist noted for his work with neutrinos, the subatomic particles considered to be elementary constituents of matter. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jack Steinberger are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jack Steinberger

James Chadwick

Sir James Chadwick, (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Chadwick are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Chadwick

James Cronin

James Watson Cronin (September 29, 1931 – August 25, 2016) was an American particle physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Cronin are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Cronin

James Franck

James Franck (26 August 1882 – 21 May 1964) was a German physicist who won the 1925 Nobel Prize for Physics with Gustav Hertz "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Franck are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Franck

James Rainwater

Leo James Rainwater (December 9, 1917 – May 31, 1986) was an American physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 for his part in determining the asymmetrical shapes of certain atomic nuclei. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Rainwater are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and James Rainwater

Jean Baptiste Perrin

Jean Baptiste Perrin (30 September 1870 – 17 April 1942) was a French physicist who, in his studies of the Brownian motion of minute particles suspended in liquids (sedimentation equilibrium), verified Albert Einstein's explanation of this phenomenon and thereby confirmed the atomic nature of matter. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jean Baptiste Perrin are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jean Baptiste Perrin

Jerome Isaac Friedman

Jerome Isaac Friedman (born March 28, 1930) is an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jerome Isaac Friedman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jerome Isaac Friedman

Jim Peebles

Phillip James Edwin Peebles (born April 25, 1935) is a Canadian-American astrophysicist, astronomer, and theoretical cosmologist who is currently the Albert Einstein Professor in Science, emeritus, at Princeton University. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jim Peebles are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Jim Peebles

Johannes Diderik van der Waals

Johannes Diderik van der Waals (23 November 1837 – 8 March 1923) was a Dutch theoretical physicist and thermodynamicist famous for his pioneering work on the equation of state for gases and liquids. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Johannes Diderik van der Waals are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Johannes Diderik van der Waals

Johannes Stark

Johannes Stark (15 April 1874 – 21 June 1957) was a German physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1919 "for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Johannes Stark are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Johannes Stark

John Bardeen

John Bardeen; May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist and electrical engineer. He is the only person to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: first in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for the invention of the transistor; and again in 1972 with Leon N. Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer for a fundamental theory of conventional superconductivity known as the BCS theory. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Bardeen are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Bardeen

John C. Mather

John Cromwell Mather (born August 7, 1946, Roanoke, Virginia) is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his work on the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite (COBE) with George Smoot. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John C. Mather are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John C. Mather

John Clauser

John Francis Clauser (born December 1, 1942) is an American theoretical and experimental physicist known for contributions to the foundations of quantum mechanics, in particular the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequality. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Clauser are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Clauser

John Cockcroft

Sir John Douglas Cockcroft (27 May 1897 – 18 September 1967) was an English physicist who shared with Ernest Walton the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1951 for splitting the atomic nucleus, and was instrumental in the development of nuclear power. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Cockcroft are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Cockcroft

John Hasbrouck Van Vleck

John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (March 13, 1899 – October 27, 1980) was an American physicist and mathematician. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Hasbrouck Van Vleck are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Hasbrouck Van Vleck

John L. Hall

John Lewis "Jan" Hall (born August 21, 1934) is an American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John L. Hall are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John L. Hall

John Robert Schrieffer

John Robert Schrieffer (May 31, 1931 – July 27, 2019) was an American physicist who, with John Bardeen and Leon Cooper, was a recipient of the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics for developing the BCS theory, the first successful quantum theory of superconductivity. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Robert Schrieffer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John Robert Schrieffer

John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh

John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, (12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919) was a British mathematician and physicist who made extensive contributions to science. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh

Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.

Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (born March 29, 1941) is an American astrophysicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics for his discovery with Russell Alan Hulse of a "new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation.". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.

Josephson effect

In physics, the Josephson effect is a phenomenon that occurs when two superconductors are placed in proximity, with some barrier or restriction between them.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Josephson effect

Julian Schwinger

Julian Seymour Schwinger (February 12, 1918 – July 16, 1994) was a Nobel Prize-winning American theoretical physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Julian Schwinger are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Julian Schwinger

K. Alex Müller

Karl Alexander Müller (20 April 1927 – 9 January 2023) was a Swiss physicist and Nobel laureate. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and K. Alex Müller are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and K. Alex Müller

Kai Siegbahn

Kai Manne Börje Siegbahn (20 April 1918 – 20 July 2007) was a Swedish physicist who shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Kai Siegbahn are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Kai Siegbahn

Kaon

In particle physics, a kaon, also called a K meson and denoted, is any of a group of four mesons distinguished by a quantum number called strangeness.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Kaon

Karl Ferdinand Braun

Karl Ferdinand Braun (6 June 1850 – 20 April 1918) was a German electrical engineer, inventor, physicist and Nobel laureate in physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Karl Ferdinand Braun are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Karl Ferdinand Braun

Kenneth G. Wilson

Kenneth Geddes "Ken" Wilson (June 8, 1936 – June 15, 2013) was an American theoretical physicist and a pioneer in using computers for studying particle physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Kenneth G. Wilson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Kenneth G. Wilson

Kip Thorne

Kip Stephen Thorne (born June 1, 1940) is an American theoretical physicist and writer known for his contributions in gravitational physics and astrophysics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Kip Thorne are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Kip Thorne

Klaus Hasselmann

Klaus Ferdinand Hasselmann (born 25 October 1931) is a German oceanographer and climate modeller. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Klaus Hasselmann are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Klaus Hasselmann

Klaus von Klitzing

Klaus von Klitzing (born 28 June 1943, Schroda) is a German physicist, known for discovery of the integer quantum Hall effect, for which he was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Klaus von Klitzing are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Klaus von Klitzing

Konstantin Novoselov

Sir Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov (p; born 1974) is a Russian–British physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Konstantin Novoselov are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Konstantin Novoselov

Large Hadron Collider

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Large Hadron Collider

Laser

A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Laser

Laser cooling

Laser cooling includes several techniques where atoms, molecules, and small mechanical systems are cooled with laser light.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Laser cooling

Laser science

Laser science or laser physics is a branch of optics that describes the theory and practice of lasers.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Laser science

Lawrence Bragg

Sir William Lawrence Bragg, (31 March 1890 – 1 July 1971) was an Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer, discoverer (1912) of Bragg's law of X-ray diffraction, which is basic for the determination of crystal structure. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Lawrence Bragg are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Lawrence Bragg

Leo Esaki

Reona Esaki (江崎 玲於奈 Esaki Reona, born March 12, 1925), also known as Leo Esaki, is a Japanese physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 with Ivar Giaever and Brian David Josephson for his work in electron tunneling in semiconductor materials which finally led to his invention of the Esaki diode, which exploited that phenomenon. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and leo Esaki are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Leo Esaki

Leon Cooper

Leon N. Cooper (born February 28, 1930) is an American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate who, with John Bardeen and John Robert Schrieffer, developed the BCS theory of superconductivity. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Leon Cooper are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Leon Cooper

Leon M. Lederman

Leon Max Lederman (July 15, 1922 – October 3, 2018) was an American experimental physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988, along with Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger, for research on neutrinos. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Leon M. Lederman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Leon M. Lederman

Lepton

In particle physics, a lepton is an elementary particle of half-integer spin (spin) that does not undergo strong interactions.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Lepton

Lev Landau

Lev Davidovich Landau (Лев Дави́дович Ланда́у; 22 January 1908 – 1 April 1968) was a Soviet physicist who made fundamental contributions to many areas of theoretical physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Lev Landau are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Lev Landau

Light-emitting diode

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when current flows through it.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Light-emitting diode

Lighthouse

A lighthouse is a tower, building, or other type of physical structure designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses and to serve as a beacon for navigational aid, for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Lighthouse

LIGO

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) is a large-scale physics experiment and observatory designed to detect cosmic gravitational waves and to develop gravitational-wave observations as an astronomical tool.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and LIGO

Lippmann plate

Gabriel Lippmann conceived a two-step method to record and reproduce colours, variously known as direct photochromes, interference photochromes, Lippmann photochromes, Photography in natural colours by direct exposure in the camera or the Lippmann process of colour photography.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Lippmann plate

Liquid crystal

Liquid crystal (LC) is a state of matter whose properties are between those of conventional liquids and those of solid crystals.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Liquid crystal

Liquid helium

Liquid helium is a physical state of helium at very low temperatures at standard atmospheric pressures.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Liquid helium

List of Nobel laureates

The Nobel Prizes (Nobelpriset, Nobelprisen) are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and List of Nobel laureates are lists of Nobel laureates.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and List of Nobel laureates

List of Nobel laureates by country

This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates by country.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and List of Nobel laureates by country

List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry are lists of Nobel laureates.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry

List of physicists

Following is a list of physicists who are notable for their achievements.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and List of physicists

Louis de Broglie

Louis Victor Pierre Raymond, 7th Duc de Broglie (also, or; 15 August 1892 – 19 March 1987) was a French aristocrat and physicist who made groundbreaking contributions to quantum theory. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Louis de Broglie are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Louis de Broglie

Louis Néel

Louis Eugène Félix Néel (22 November 1904 – 17 November 2000) was a French physicist born in Lyon who received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1970 for his studies of the magnetic properties of solids. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Louis Néel are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Louis Néel

Luis Walter Alvarez

Luis Walter Alvarez (June 13, 1911 – September 1, 1988) was an American experimental physicist, inventor, and professor who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1968 for his discovery of resonance states in particle physics using the hydrogen bubble chamber. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Luis Walter Alvarez are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Luis Walter Alvarez

Magnetic moment

In electromagnetism, the magnetic moment or magnetic dipole moment is the combination of strength and orientation of a magnet or other object or system that exerts a magnetic field.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Magnetic moment

Magnetism

Magnetism is the class of physical attributes that occur through a magnetic field, which allows objects to attract or repel each other.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Magnetism

Magnetohydrodynamics

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all interpenetrating particle species together as a single continuous medium.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Magnetohydrodynamics

Makoto Kobayashi

is a Japanese physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one-fourth of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature.". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Makoto Kobayashi are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Makoto Kobayashi

Malala Yousafzai

Malala Yousafzai (ملالہ یوسفزئی,, pronunciation:; born 12 July 1997) is a Pakistani female education activist and the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize laureate at the age of 17.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Malala Yousafzai

Manne Siegbahn

Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn FRS(For) HFRSE (3 December 1886 – 26 September 1978) was a Swedish physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Manne Siegbahn are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Manne Siegbahn

Maria Goeppert Mayer

Maria Goeppert Mayer (June 28, 1906 – February 20, 1972) was a German-born American theoretical physicist, and Nobel laureate in Physics for proposing the nuclear shell model of the atomic nucleus. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Maria Goeppert Mayer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Maria Goeppert Mayer

Marie Curie

Maria Salomea Skłodowska-Curie (7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934), known simply as Marie Curie, was a Polish and naturalised-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Marie Curie are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Marie Curie

Martin Lewis Perl

Martin Lewis Perl (June 24, 1927 – September 30, 2014) was an American chemical engineer and physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1995 for his discovery of the tau lepton. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Martin Lewis Perl are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Martin Lewis Perl

Martin Ryle

Sir Martin Ryle (27 September 1918 – 14 October 1984) was an English radio astronomer who developed revolutionary radio telescope systems (see e.g. aperture synthesis) and used them for accurate location and imaging of weak radio sources. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Martin Ryle are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Martin Ryle

Martinus J. G. Veltman

Martinus Justinus Godefriedus "Tini" Veltman (27 June 1931 – 4 January 2021) was a Dutch theoretical physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Martinus J. G. Veltman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Martinus J. G. Veltman

Masatoshi Koshiba

was a Japanese physicist and one of the founders of neutrino astronomy. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Masatoshi Koshiba are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Masatoshi Koshiba

Maser

A maser is a device that produces coherent electromagnetic waves (microwaves), through amplification by stimulated emission.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Maser

Max Born

Max Born (11 December 1882 – 5 January 1970) was a German-British physicist and mathematician who was instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and max Born are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Max Born

Max Planck

Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck (23 April 1858 – 4 October 1947) was a German theoretical physicist whose discovery of energy quanta won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Max Planck are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Max Planck

Max von Laue

Max Theodor Felix von Laue (9 October 1879 – 24 April 1960) was a German physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1914 for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Max von Laue are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Max von Laue

Mössbauer effect

The Mössbauer effect, or recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence, is a physical phenomenon discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer in 1958.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Mössbauer effect

Melvin Schwartz

Melvin Schwartz (November 2, 1932 – August 28, 2006) was an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Melvin Schwartz are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Melvin Schwartz

Meson

In particle physics, a meson is a type of hadronic subatomic particle composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks, usually one of each, bound together by the strong interaction.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Meson

Metrology

Metrology is the scientific study of measurement.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Metrology

Michel Mayor

Michel Gustave Édouard Mayor (born 12 January 1942) is a Swiss astrophysicist and professor emeritus at the University of Geneva's Department of Astronomy. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Michel Mayor are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Michel Mayor

Milky Way

The Milky Way is the galaxy that includes the Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Milky Way

Muon neutrino

The muon neutrino is an elementary particle which has the symbol and zero electric charge.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Muon neutrino

Murray Gell-Mann

Murray Gell-Mann (September 15, 1929 – May 24, 2019) was an American theoretical physicist who played a preeminent role in the development of the theory of elementary particles. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Murray Gell-Mann are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Murray Gell-Mann

Neutral current

Weak neutral current interactions are one of the ways in which subatomic particles can interact by means of the weak force.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Neutral current

Neutrino oscillation

Neutrino oscillation is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which a neutrino created with a specific lepton family number ("lepton flavor": electron, muon, or tau) can later be measured to have a different lepton family number.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Neutrino oscillation

Neutron

| magnetic_moment.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Neutron

Neutron activation

Neutron activation is the process in which neutron radiation induces radioactivity in materials, and occurs when atomic nuclei capture free neutrons, becoming heavier and entering excited states.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Neutron activation

Neutron diffraction

Neutron diffraction or elastic neutron scattering is the application of neutron scattering to the determination of the atomic and/or magnetic structure of a material.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Neutron diffraction

Neutron scattering

Neutron scattering, the irregular dispersal of free neutrons by matter, can refer to either the naturally occurring physical process itself or to the man-made experimental techniques that use the natural process for investigating materials.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Neutron scattering

Neutron spectroscopy

Neutron spectroscopy is a spectroscopic method of measuring atomic and magnetic motions by measuring the kinetic energy of emitted neutrons.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Neutron spectroscopy

Nevill Francis Mott

Sir Nevill Francis Mott (30 September 1905 – 8 August 1996) was a British physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977 for his work on the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems, especially amorphous semiconductors. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nevill Francis Mott are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nevill Francis Mott

Nicolaas Bloembergen

Nicolaas Bloembergen (March 11, 1920 – September 5, 2017) was a Dutch-American physicist and Nobel laureate, recognized for his work in developing driving principles behind nonlinear optics for laser spectroscopy. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nicolaas Bloembergen are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nicolaas Bloembergen

Niels Bohr

Niels Henrik David Bohr (7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Niels Bohr are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Niels Bohr

Nikolay Basov

Nikolay Gennadiyevich Basov (Никола́й Генна́диевич Ба́сов; 14 December 1922 – 1 July 2001) was a Russian Soviet physicist and educator. For his fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics that led to the development of laser and maser, Basov shared the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics with Alexander Prokhorov and Charles Hard Townes. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nikolay Basov are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nikolay Basov

Nobel Foundation

The Nobel Foundation (Nobelstiftelsen) is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nobel Foundation

Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prizes (Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) are five separate prizes awarded to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind, as established by the 1895 will of Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist Alfred Nobel, in the year before he died.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nobel Prize

Nobel Prize in Physics

The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is an annual award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who have made the most outstanding contributions to mankind in the field of physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nobel Prize in Physics

Norman Ramsey Jr.

Norman Foster Ramsey Jr. (August 27, 1915 – November 4, 2011) was an American physicist who was awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of the separated oscillatory field method (see Ramsey interferometry), which had important applications in the construction of atomic clocks. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Norman Ramsey Jr. are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Norman Ramsey Jr.

Nuclear force

The nuclear force (or nucleon–nucleon interaction, residual strong force, or, historically, strong nuclear force) is a force that acts between hadrons, most commonly observed between protons and neutrons of atoms.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nuclear force

Nuclear physics

Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nuclear physics

Nuclear reaction

In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, a nuclear reaction is a process in which two nuclei, or a nucleus and an external subatomic particle, collide to produce one or more new nuclides.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nuclear reaction

Nuclear shell model

In nuclear physics, atomic physics, and nuclear chemistry, the nuclear shell model utilizes the Pauli exclusion principle to model the structure of atomic nuclei in terms of energy levels.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nuclear shell model

Nucleon

In physics and chemistry, a nucleon is either a proton or a neutron, considered in its role as a component of an atomic nucleus.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Nucleon

Optical communication

Optical communication, also known as optical telecommunication, is communication at a distance using light to carry information.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Optical communication

Optical fiber

An optical fiber, or optical fibre, is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light from one end to the other.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Optical fiber

Optical tweezers

Optical tweezers (originally called single-beam gradient force trap) are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to hold and move microscopic and sub-microscopic objects like atoms, nanoparticles and droplets, in a manner similar to tweezers.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Optical tweezers

Optoelectronics

Optoelectronics (or optronics) is the study and application of electronic devices and systems that find, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Optoelectronics

Oscillation

Oscillation is the repetitive or periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of equilibrium) or between two or more different states.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Oscillation

Otto Stern

Otto Stern (17 February 1888 – 17 August 1969) was a German-American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Otto Stern are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Otto Stern

Owen Chamberlain

Owen Chamberlain (July 10, 1920 – February 28, 2006) was an American physicist who shared with Emilio Segrè the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the antiproton, a sub-atomic antiparticle. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Owen Chamberlain are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Owen Chamberlain

Owen Willans Richardson

Sir Owen Willans Richardson, FRS (26 April 1879 – 15 February 1959) was a British physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1928 for his work on thermionic emission, which led to Richardson's law. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Owen Willans Richardson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Owen Willans Richardson

Parity (physics)

In physics, a parity transformation (also called parity inversion) is the flip in the sign of one spatial coordinate.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Parity (physics)

Particle detector

In experimental and applied particle physics, nuclear physics, and nuclear engineering, a particle detector, also known as a radiation detector, is a device used to detect, track, and/or identify ionizing particles, such as those produced by nuclear decay, cosmic radiation, or reactions in a particle accelerator.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Particle detector

Particle physics

Particle physics or high-energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Particle physics

Patrick Blackett

Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett, Baron Blackett, (18 November 1897 – 13 July 1974), was a British experimental physicist known for his work on cloud chambers, cosmic rays, and paleomagnetism, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1948. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Patrick Blackett are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Patrick Blackett

Paul Dirac

Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac (8 August 1902 – 20 October 1984) was an English mathematical and theoretical physicist who is considered to be one of the founders of quantum mechanics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Paul Dirac are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Paul Dirac

Pauli exclusion principle

In quantum mechanics, the Pauli exclusion principle states that two or more identical particles with half-integer spins (i.e. fermions) cannot simultaneously occupy the same quantum state within a system that obeys the laws of quantum mechanics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pauli exclusion principle

Pavel Cherenkov

Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov (Па́вел Алексе́евич Черенко́в; July 28, 1904 – January 6, 1990) was a Soviet physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in physics in 1958 with Ilya Frank and Igor Tamm for the discovery of Cherenkov radiation, made in 1934. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pavel Cherenkov are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pavel Cherenkov

Percy Williams Bridgman

Percy Williams Bridgman (April 21, 1882 – August 20, 1961) was an American physicist who received the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the physics of high pressures. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Percy Williams Bridgman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Percy Williams Bridgman

Peter Grünberg

Peter Andreas Grünberg (18 May 1939 – 7 April 2018) was a German physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his discovery with Albert Fert of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disk drives. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Peter Grünberg are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Peter Grünberg

Peter Higgs

Peter Ware Higgs (29 May 1929 – 8 April 2024) was an English theoretical physicist, professor at the University of Edinburgh,Griggs, Jessica (Summer 2008) Edit the University of Edinburgh Alumni Magazine, p. 17 and Nobel laureate in Physics for his work on the mass of subatomic particles. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Peter Higgs are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Peter Higgs

Phase transition

In physics, chemistry, and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Phase transition

Phase-contrast microscopy

Phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) is an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness changes in the image.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Phase-contrast microscopy

Philip W. Anderson

Philip Warren Anderson (December 13, 1923 – March 29, 2020) was an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Philip W. Anderson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Philip W. Anderson

Philipp Lenard

Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard (Lénárd Fülöp Eduárd Antal; 7 June 1862 – 20 May 1947) was a Hungarian-born German physicist and the winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1905 for his work on cathode rays and the discovery of many of their properties. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Philipp Lenard are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Philipp Lenard

Photoelectric effect

The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material caused by electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Photoelectric effect

Physical cosmology

Physical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Physical cosmology

Physical system

A physical system is a collection of physical objects under study.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Physical system

Physics

Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Physics

Pierre Agostini

Pierre Agostini (born 23 July 1941) is a French experimental physicist and Emeritus professor at the Ohio State University in the United States, known for his pioneering work in strong-field laser physics and attosecond science. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pierre Agostini are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pierre Agostini

Pierre Curie

Pierre Curie (15 May 1859 – 19 April 1906) was a French physicist, a pioneer in crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity, and radioactivity. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pierre Curie are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pierre Curie

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (24 October 1932 – 18 May 2007) was a French physicist and the Nobel Prize laureate in physics in 1991. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pierre-Gilles de Gennes are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

Pieter Zeeman

Pieter Zeeman (25 May 1865 – 9 October 1943) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hendrik Lorentz for his discovery of the Zeeman effect. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pieter Zeeman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pieter Zeeman

Plasma (physics)

Plasma is one of four fundamental states of matter (the other three being solid, liquid, and gas) characterized by the presence of a significant portion of charged particles in any combination of ions or electrons.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Plasma (physics)

PLOS One

PLOS One (stylized PLOS ONE, and formerly PLoS ONE) is a peer-reviewed open access mega journal published by the Public Library of Science (PLOS) since 2006.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and PLOS One

Polykarp Kusch

Polykarp Kusch (January 26, 1911 – March 20, 1993) was a German-born American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Polykarp Kusch are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Polykarp Kusch

Polymer

A polymer is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules linked together into chains of repeating subunits.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Polymer

Positron

The positron or antielectron is the particle with an electric charge of +1e, a spin of 1/2 (the same as the electron), and the same mass as an electron.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Positron

Proton

A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol, H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge).

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Proton

Pulsar

A pulsar (from pulsating radio source) is a highly magnetized rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation out of its magnetic poles.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pulsar

Pyotr Kapitsa

Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa or Peter Kapitza (Пётр Леонидович Капица, Petre Capița; – 8 April 1984) was a leading Soviet physicist and Nobel laureate, whose research focused on low-temperature physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pyotr Kapitsa are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Pyotr Kapitsa

Quantum

In physics, a quantum (quanta) is the minimum amount of any physical entity (physical property) involved in an interaction.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum

Quantum electrodynamics

In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum electrodynamics

Quantum entanglement

Quantum entanglement is the phenomenon of a group of particles being generated, interacting, or sharing spatial proximity in such a way that the quantum state of each particle of the group cannot be described independently of the state of the others, including when the particles are separated by a large distance.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum entanglement

Quantum fluid

A quantum fluid refers to any system that exhibits quantum mechanical effects at the macroscopic level such as superfluids, superconductors, ultracold atoms, etc.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum fluid

Quantum Hall effect

The quantum Hall effect (or integer quantum Hall effect) is a quantized version of the Hall effect which is observed in two-dimensional electron systems subjected to low temperatures and strong magnetic fields, in which the Hall resistance exhibits steps that take on the quantized values where is the Hall voltage, is the channel current, is the elementary charge and is the Planck constant.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum Hall effect

Quantum information science

Quantum information science is a field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics with information theory to study the processing, analysis, and transmission of information.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum information science

Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum mechanics

Quantum optics

Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics dealing with how individual quanta of light, known as photons, interact with atoms and molecules.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quantum optics

Quark

A quark is a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quark

Quark model

In particle physics, the quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks—the quarks and antiquarks that give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Quark model

Radiation

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or a material medium.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Radiation

Radio astronomy

Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Radio astronomy

Radioactive decay

Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Radioactive decay

Rainer Weiss

Rainer "Rai" Weiss (born September 29, 1932) is a German-born American physicist, known for his contributions in gravitational physics and astrophysics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Rainer Weiss are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Rainer Weiss

Raman scattering

In physics, Raman scattering or the Raman effect is the inelastic scattering of photons by matter, meaning that there is both an exchange of energy and a change in the light's direction.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Raman scattering

Raymond Davis Jr.

Raymond Davis Jr. (October 14, 1914 – May 31, 2006) was an American chemist and physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Raymond Davis Jr. are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Raymond Davis Jr.

Reinhard Genzel

Reinhard Genzel http://royalsociety.org/people/reinhard-genzel/ Professor Reinhard Genzel ForMemRS (born 24 March 1952) is a German astrophysicist, co-director of the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, a professor at LMU and an emeritus professor at the University of California, Berkeley. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Reinhard Genzel are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Reinhard Genzel

Resonance (particle physics)

In particle physics, a resonance is the peak located around a certain energy found in differential cross sections of scattering experiments.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Resonance (particle physics)

Reuters

Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Reuters

Riccardo Giacconi

Riccardo Giacconi (October 6, 1931 – December 9, 2018) was an Italian-American Nobel Prize-winning astrophysicist who laid down the foundations of X-ray astronomy. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Riccardo Giacconi are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Riccardo Giacconi

Richard E. Taylor

Richard Edward Taylor, (2 November 1929 – 22 February 2018), was a Canadian physicist and Stanford University professor. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Richard E. Taylor are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Richard E. Taylor

Richard Feynman

Richard Phillips Feynman (May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist, known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as his work in particle physics for which he proposed the parton model. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Richard Feynman are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Richard Feynman

Robert Andrews Millikan

Robert Andrews Millikan (March 22, 1868 – December 19, 1953) was an American experimental physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for the measurement of the elementary electric charge and for his work on the photoelectric effect. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Andrews Millikan are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Andrews Millikan

Robert B. Laughlin

Robert Betts Laughlin (born November 1, 1950) is the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Physics and Applied Physics at Stanford University. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert B. Laughlin are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert B. Laughlin

Robert Coleman Richardson

Robert Coleman Richardson (June 26, 1937 – February 19, 2013) was an American experimental physicist whose area of research included sub-millikelvin temperature studies of helium-3. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Coleman Richardson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Coleman Richardson

Robert Hofstadter

Robert Hofstadter (February 5, 1915 – November 17, 1990) was an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Hofstadter are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Hofstadter

Robert Woodrow Wilson

Robert Woodrow Wilson (born January 10, 1936) is an American astronomer who, along with Arno Allan Penzias, discovered cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) in 1964. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Woodrow Wilson are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Robert Woodrow Wilson

Roger Penrose

Sir Roger Penrose, (born 8 August 1931) is a British mathematician, mathematical physicist, philosopher of science and Nobel Laureate in Physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Roger Penrose are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Roger Penrose

Roy J. Glauber

Roy Jay Glauber (September 1, 1925 – December 26, 2018) was an American theoretical physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Roy J. Glauber are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Roy J. Glauber

Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien) is one of the royal academies of Sweden.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

Rudolf Mössbauer

Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer (German spelling: Mößbauer;; 31 January 1929 – 14 September 2011) was a German physicist best known for his 1957 discovery of 'recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence', for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Rudolf Mössbauer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Rudolf Mössbauer

Russell Alan Hulse

Russell Alan Hulse (born November 28, 1950) is an American physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with his thesis advisor Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Russell Alan Hulse are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Russell Alan Hulse

Sagittarius A*

Sagittarius A*, abbreviated as Sgr A*, is the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center of the Milky Way.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Sagittarius A*

Samuel C. C. Ting

Samuel Chao Chung Ting (born January 27, 1936) is an American physicist who, with Burton Richter, received the Nobel Prize in 1976 for discovering the subatomic J/ψ particle. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Samuel C. C. Ting are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Samuel C. C. Ting

Saul Perlmutter

Saul Perlmutter (born September 22, 1959) is a U.S. astrophysicist, a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, where he holds the Franklin W. and Karen Weber Dabby Chair, and head of the International Supernova Cosmology Project at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Saul Perlmutter are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Saul Perlmutter

Scanning tunneling microscope

A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a type of scanning probe microscope used for imaging surfaces at the atomic level.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Scanning tunneling microscope

Sedimentation equilibrium

Sedimentation equilibrium in a suspension of different particles, such as molecules, exists when the rate of transport of each material in any one direction due to sedimentation equals the rate of transport in the opposite direction due to diffusion.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Sedimentation equilibrium

Semiconductor

A semiconductor is a material that has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor, such as copper, and an insulator, such as glass.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Semiconductor

Serge Haroche

Serge Haroche (born 11 September 1944) is a French physicist who was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Physics jointly with David J. Wineland for "ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems", a study of the particle of light, the photon. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Serge Haroche are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Serge Haroche

Sheldon Glashow

Sheldon Lee Glashow (born December 5, 1932) is a Nobel Prize-winning American theoretical physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Sheldon Glashow are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Sheldon Glashow

Shin'ichirō Tomonaga

, usually cited as Sin-Itiro Tomonaga in English, was a Japanese physicist, influential in the development of quantum electrodynamics, work for which he was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 along with Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga

Shuji Nakamura

is a Japanese-American electronic engineer and inventor of the blue LED, a major breakthrough in lighting technology.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Shuji Nakamura

Simon van der Meer

Simon van der Meer (24 November 19254 March 2011) was a Dutch particle accelerator physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1984 with Carlo Rubbia for contributions to the CERN project which led to the discovery of the W and Z particles, the two fundamental communicators of the weak interaction. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Simon van der Meer are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Simon van der Meer

Solid-state physics

Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as solid-state chemistry, quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Solid-state physics

Spectral line

A spectral line is a weaker or stronger region in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Spectral line

Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy is the field of study that measures and interprets electromagnetic spectra.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Spectroscopy

Spontaneous symmetry breaking

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a spontaneous process of symmetry breaking, by which a physical system in a symmetric state spontaneously ends up in an asymmetric state.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Spontaneous symmetry breaking

Star

A star is a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by self-gravity.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Star

Stellar evolution

Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of its lifetime and how it can lead to the creation of a new star.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Stellar evolution

Steven Chu

Steven Chu in atomic physics and laser spectroscopy, including the first observation of parity non-conservation in atoms, excitation and precision spectroscopy of positronium, and the optical confinement and cooling of atoms. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Steven Chu are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Steven Chu

Steven Weinberg

Steven Weinberg (May 3, 1933 – July 23, 2021) was an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate in physics for his contributions with Abdus Salam and Sheldon Glashow to the unification of the weak force and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Steven Weinberg are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Steven Weinberg

Stockholm

Stockholm is the capital and most populous city of the Kingdom of Sweden as well as the largest urban area in the Nordic countries.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Stockholm

Strong interaction

In nuclear physics and particle physics, the strong interaction, also called the strong force or strong nuclear force, is a fundamental interaction that confines quarks into protons, neutrons, and other hadron particles.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Strong interaction

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian-American theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to the scientific knowledge about the structure of stars, stellar evolution and black holes. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Sun valve

A sun valve (Swedish: solventil, "solar valve") is a flow control valve that automatically shuts off gas flow during daylight.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Sun valve

Superconductivity

Superconductivity is a set of physical properties observed in certain materials where electrical resistance vanishes and magnetic fields are expelled from the material.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Superconductivity

Supercurrent

A supercurrent is a superconducting current, that is, electric current which flows without dissipation in a superconductor.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Supercurrent

Superfluidity

Superfluidity is the characteristic property of a fluid with zero viscosity which therefore flows without any loss of kinetic energy.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Superfluidity

Supernova

A supernova (supernovae or supernovas) is a powerful and luminous explosion of a star.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Supernova

Swedish krona

The krona (plural: kronor; sign: kr; code: SEK) is the currency of the Kingdom of Sweden.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Swedish krona

Syukuro Manabe

is a Japanese–American physicist, meteorologist, and climatologist, who pioneered the use of computers to simulate global climate change and natural climate variations. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Syukuro Manabe are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Syukuro Manabe

Takaaki Kajita

is a Japanese physicist, known for neutrino experiments at the Kamioka Observatory – Kamiokande and its successor, Super-Kamiokande. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Takaaki Kajita are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Takaaki Kajita

Tau (particle)

The tau, also called the tau lepton, tau particle, tauon or tau electron, is an elementary particle similar to the electron, with negative electric charge and a 2.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Tau (particle)

Theodor W. Hänsch

Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch (born 30 October 1941) is a German physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Theodor W. Hänsch are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Theodor W. Hänsch

Theoretical physics

Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain, and predict natural phenomena.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Theoretical physics

Thermionic emission

Thermionic emission is the liberation of charged particles from a hot electrode whose thermal energy gives some particles enough kinetic energy to escape the material's surface.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Thermionic emission

Topological order

In physics, topological order is a kind of order in the zero-temperature phase of matter (also known as quantum matter).

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Topological order

Toshihide Maskawa

was a Japanese theoretical physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one quarter of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature.". List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Toshihide Maskawa are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Toshihide Maskawa

Transistor

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Transistor

Tsung-Dao Lee

Tsung-Dao Lee (born November 24, 1926) is a Chinese-American physicist, known for his work on parity violation, the Lee–Yang theorem, particle physics, relativistic heavy ion (RHIC) physics, nontopological solitons, and soliton stars. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Tsung-Dao Lee are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Tsung-Dao Lee

Upper atmosphere

Upper atmosphere is a collective term that refers to various layers of the atmosphere of the Earth above the troposphere and corresponding regions of the atmospheres of other planets, and includes.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Upper atmosphere

Val Logsdon Fitch

Val Logsdon Fitch (March 10, 1923 – February 5, 2015) was an American nuclear physicist who, with co-researcher James Cronin, was awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics for a 1964 experiment using the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron at Brookhaven National Laboratory that proved that certain subatomic reactions do not adhere to fundamental symmetry principles. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Val Logsdon Fitch are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Val Logsdon Fitch

Victor Francis Hess

Victor Franz Hess (24 June 188317 December 1964) was an Austrian-American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics, who discovered cosmic rays. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Victor Francis Hess are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Victor Francis Hess

Vitaly Ginzburg

Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg, ForMemRS (Вита́лий Ла́заревич Ги́нзбург; 4 October 1916 – 8 November 2009) was a Russian physicist who was honored with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2003, together with Alexei Abrikosov and Anthony Leggett for their "pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids." His career in physics was spent in the former Soviet Union and was one of the leading figure in former Soviet program of nuclear weapons, working towards designs of the thermonuclear devices. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Vitaly Ginzburg are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Vitaly Ginzburg

W and Z bosons

In particle physics, the W and Z bosons are vector bosons that are together known as the weak bosons or more generally as the intermediate vector bosons.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and W and Z bosons

Walter Houser Brattain

Walter Houser Brattain (February 10, 1902 – October 13, 1987) was an American physicist at Bell Labs who, along with fellow scientists John Bardeen and William Shockley, invented the point-contact transistor in December 1947. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Walter Houser Brattain are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Walter Houser Brattain

Walther Bothe

Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe (8 January 1891 – 8 February 1957) was a German nuclear physicist known for the development of coincidence methods to study particle physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Walther Bothe are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Walther Bothe

Wave function

In quantum physics, a wave function (or wavefunction) is a mathematical description of the quantum state of an isolated quantum system.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wave function

Wave interference

In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two coherent waves are combined by adding their intensities or displacements with due consideration for their phase difference.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wave interference

Weak interaction

In nuclear physics and particle physics, the weak interaction, also called the weak force, is one of the four known fundamental interactions, with the others being electromagnetism, the strong interaction, and gravitation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Weak interaction

Werner Heisenberg

Werner Karl Heisenberg (5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976) was a German theoretical physicist, one of the main pioneers of the theory of quantum mechanics, and a principal scientist in the Nazi nuclear weapons program during World War II. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Werner Heisenberg are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Werner Heisenberg

Wigner's theorem

Wigner's theorem, proved by Eugene Wigner in 1931, is a cornerstone of the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wigner's theorem

Wilhelm Röntgen

Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (27 March 184510 February 1923) was a German mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the inaugural Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wilhelm Röntgen are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wilhelm Röntgen

Wilhelm Wien

Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien (13 January 1864 – 30 August 1928) was a German physicist who, in 1893, used theories about heat and electromagnetism to deduce Wien's displacement law, which calculates the emission of a blackbody at any temperature from the emission at any one reference temperature. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wilhelm Wien are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wilhelm Wien

Will and testament

A will and testament is a legal document that expresses a person's (testator) wishes as to how their property (estate) is to be distributed after their death and as to which person (executor) is to manage the property until its final distribution.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Will and testament

Willard Boyle

Willard Sterling Boyle, (August 19, 1924May 7, 2011) was a Canadian physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Willard Boyle are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Willard Boyle

William Alfred Fowler

William Alfred Fowler (August 9, 1911 March 14, 1995) was an American nuclear physicist, later astrophysicist, who, with Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Alfred Fowler are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Alfred Fowler

William Daniel Phillips

William Daniel Phillips (born November 5, 1948) is an American physicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Daniel Phillips are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Daniel Phillips

William Henry Bragg

Sir William Henry Bragg (2 July 1862 – 12 March 1942) was an English physicist, chemist, mathematician, and active sportsman who uniquelyThis is still a unique accomplishment, because no other parent-child combination has yet shared a Nobel Prize (in any field). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Henry Bragg are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Henry Bragg

William Shockley

William Bradford Shockley Jr. (February 13, 1910 – August 12, 1989) was an American inventor, physicist, and eugenicist. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Shockley are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and William Shockley

Willis Lamb

Willis Eugene Lamb Jr. (July 12, 1913 – May 15, 2008) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1955 "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum." The Nobel Committee that year awarded half the prize to Lamb and the other half to Polykarp Kusch, who won "for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron." Lamb was able to precisely determine a surprising shift in electron energies in a hydrogen atom (see Lamb shift). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Willis Lamb are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Willis Lamb

Wire chamber

A wire chamber or multi-wire proportional chamber is a type of proportional counter that detects charged particles and photons and can give positional information on their trajectory, by tracking the trails of gaseous ionization.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wire chamber

Wolfgang Ketterle

Wolfgang Ketterle (born 21 October 1957) is a German physicist and professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wolfgang Ketterle are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wolfgang Ketterle

Wolfgang Paul

Wolfgang Paul (10 August 1913 – 7 December 1993) was a German physicist, who co-developed the non-magnetic quadrupole mass filter which laid the foundation for what is now called an ion trap. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wolfgang Paul are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wolfgang Paul

Wolfgang Pauli

Wolfgang Ernst Pauli (25 April 1900 – 15 December 1958) was an Austrian theoretical physicist and one of the pioneers of quantum physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wolfgang Pauli are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Wolfgang Pauli

World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and World War I

World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and World War II

X-ray

X-rays (or rarely, X-radiation) are a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and X-ray

X-ray astronomy

X-ray astronomy is an observational branch of astronomy which deals with the study of X-ray observation and detection from astronomical objects.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and X-ray astronomy

X-ray crystallography

X-ray crystallography is the experimental science of determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes a beam of incident X-rays to diffract in specific directions.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and X-ray crystallography

X-ray fluorescence

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by being bombarded with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and X-ray fluorescence

X-ray spectroscopy

X-ray spectroscopy is a general term for several spectroscopic techniques for characterization of materials by using x-ray radiation.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and X-ray spectroscopy

Yang Chen-Ning

Yang Chen-Ning or Chen-Ning Yang (born 1 October 1922), also known as C. N. Yang or by the English name Frank Yang, is a Chinese theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to statistical mechanics, integrable systems, gauge theory, and both particle physics and condensed matter physics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Yang Chen-Ning are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Yang Chen-Ning

Yoichiro Nambu

was a Japanese-American physicist and professor at the University of Chicago. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Yoichiro Nambu are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Yoichiro Nambu

Zhores Alferov

Zhores Ivanovich Alferov (ʐɐˈrɛs ɨˈvanəvʲɪtɕ ɐlˈfʲɵrəf; Жарэс Іва́навіч Алфёраў; 15 March 19301 March 2019) was a Soviet and Russian physicist and academic who contributed significantly to the creation of modern heterostructure physics and electronics. List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Zhores Alferov are Nobel laureates in Physics.

See List of Nobel laureates in Physics and Zhores Alferov

See also

Lists of Nobel laureates

• List of Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economic Sciences
• List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates
• List of Nobel laureates
• List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry
• List of Nobel laureates in Literature
• List of Nobel laureates in Physics
• List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
• List of Nobel laureates who worked on the Manhattan Project
• List of female Nobel laureates
• Lists of Nobel laureates

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Physics

Also known as 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics, List of Nobel Prize in Physics laureates, List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics, List of Nobel Prize winners in Physics, List of physics nobel prizes, List of winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Laureate in Physics, Nobel Prize in Physics 2011, Nobel Prize winner in Physics, Nobel laureates in Physics.

, Burton Richter, C. F. Powell, C. V. Raman, Carl David Anderson, Carl Wieman, Carlo Rubbia, Cathode ray, Ceramic, CERN, Charge-coupled device, Charles Édouard Guillaume, Charles Glover Barkla, Charles H. Townes, Charles K. Kao, Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Cherenkov radiation, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Clifford Shull, Climate, Climate change, Clinton Davisson, Cloud chamber, Coherence (physics), Coincidence circuit, Compact Muon Solenoid, Compton scattering, Condensed matter physics, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic ray, CP violation, Cryogenics, Crystal structure, Cyclotron, Daniel C. Tsui, David Gross, David J. Thouless, David J. Wineland, David Lee (physicist), Deep inelastic scattering, Dennis Gabor, Didier Queloz, Donald A. Glaser, Donna Strickland, Doppler effect, Doublet state, Douglas Osheroff, Duncan Haldane, Edward Mills Purcell, Edward Victor Appleton, Electric field, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Electron, Electron diffraction, Electron microscope, Electron optics, Electron scattering, Electron spectroscopy, Electroweak interaction, Elementary charge, Elementary particle, Emilio Segrè, Enrico Fermi, Equation of state, Eric Allin Cornell, Ernest Lawrence, Ernest Walton, Ernst Ruska, Erwin Schrödinger, Eugene Wigner, Exoplanet, F region, Felix Bloch, Ferenc Krausz, Ferrimagnetism, Fine structure, François Englert, Frank Wilczek, Frederick Reines, Frequency comb, Frits Zernike, Gabriel Lippmann, Gamma ray, Gérard Mourou, General relativity, Georg Bednorz, George E. Smith, George Paget Thomson, George Smoot, Georges Charpak, Gerard 't Hooft, Gerd Binnig, Giant magnetoresistance, Giorgio Parisi, Graphene, Gravitational wave, Guglielmo Marconi, Gustaf Dalén, Gustav Ludwig Hertz, Hannes Alfvén, Hans Bethe, Hans Georg Dehmelt, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Heinrich Rohrer, Helium-3, Hendrik Lorentz, Henri Becquerel, Henry Way Kendall, Herbert Kroemer, Heterojunction, Hideki Yukawa, Higgs boson, Higgs mechanism, High pressure, Hiroshi Amano, History of atomic theory, Holography, Horst Ludwig Störmer, Hugh David Politzer, Hulse–Taylor pulsar, Hydrogen maser, Igor Tamm, Ilya Frank, Integrated circuit, Invention of radio, Ion trap, Isamu Akasaki, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Ivar Giaever, J. Hans D. Jensen, J. J. Thomson, J. Michael Kosterlitz, J/psi meson, Jack Kilby, Jack Steinberger, James Chadwick, James Cronin, James Franck, James Rainwater, Jean Baptiste Perrin, Jerome Isaac Friedman, Jim Peebles, Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Johannes Stark, John Bardeen, John C. Mather, John Clauser, John Cockcroft, John Hasbrouck Van Vleck, John L. Hall, John Robert Schrieffer, John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., Josephson effect, Julian Schwinger, K. Alex Müller, Kai Siegbahn, Kaon, Karl Ferdinand Braun, Kenneth G. Wilson, Kip Thorne, Klaus Hasselmann, Klaus von Klitzing, Konstantin Novoselov, Large Hadron Collider, Laser, Laser cooling, Laser science, Lawrence Bragg, Leo Esaki, Leon Cooper, Leon M. Lederman, Lepton, Lev Landau, Light-emitting diode, Lighthouse, LIGO, Lippmann plate, Liquid crystal, Liquid helium, List of Nobel laureates, List of Nobel laureates by country, List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry, List of physicists, Louis de Broglie, Louis Néel, Luis Walter Alvarez, Magnetic moment, Magnetism, Magnetohydrodynamics, Makoto Kobayashi, Malala Yousafzai, Manne Siegbahn, Maria Goeppert Mayer, Marie Curie, Martin Lewis Perl, Martin Ryle, Martinus J. G. Veltman, Masatoshi Koshiba, Maser, Max Born, Max Planck, Max von Laue, Mössbauer effect, Melvin Schwartz, Meson, Metrology, Michel Mayor, Milky Way, Muon neutrino, Murray Gell-Mann, Neutral current, Neutrino oscillation, Neutron, Neutron activation, Neutron diffraction, Neutron scattering, Neutron spectroscopy, Nevill Francis Mott, Nicolaas Bloembergen, Niels Bohr, Nikolay Basov, Nobel Foundation, Nobel Prize, Nobel Prize in Physics, Norman Ramsey Jr., Nuclear force, Nuclear physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear shell model, Nucleon, Optical communication, Optical fiber, Optical tweezers, Optoelectronics, Oscillation, Otto Stern, Owen Chamberlain, Owen Willans Richardson, Parity (physics), Particle detector, Particle physics, Patrick Blackett, Paul Dirac, Pauli exclusion principle, Pavel Cherenkov, Percy Williams Bridgman, Peter Grünberg, Peter Higgs, Phase transition, Phase-contrast microscopy, Philip W. Anderson, Philipp Lenard, Photoelectric effect, Physical cosmology, Physical system, Physics, Pierre Agostini, Pierre Curie, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Pieter Zeeman, Plasma (physics), PLOS One, Polykarp Kusch, Polymer, Positron, Proton, Pulsar, Pyotr Kapitsa, Quantum, Quantum electrodynamics, Quantum entanglement, Quantum fluid, Quantum Hall effect, Quantum information science, Quantum mechanics, Quantum optics, Quark, Quark model, Radiation, Radio astronomy, Radioactive decay, Rainer Weiss, Raman scattering, Raymond Davis Jr., Reinhard Genzel, Resonance (particle physics), Reuters, Riccardo Giacconi, Richard E. Taylor, Richard Feynman, Robert Andrews Millikan, Robert B. Laughlin, Robert Coleman Richardson, Robert Hofstadter, Robert Woodrow Wilson, Roger Penrose, Roy J. Glauber, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Rudolf Mössbauer, Russell Alan Hulse, Sagittarius A*, Samuel C. C. Ting, Saul Perlmutter, Scanning tunneling microscope, Sedimentation equilibrium, Semiconductor, Serge Haroche, Sheldon Glashow, Shin'ichirō Tomonaga, Shuji Nakamura, Simon van der Meer, Solid-state physics, Spectral line, Spectroscopy, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, Star, Stellar evolution, Steven Chu, Steven Weinberg, Stockholm, Strong interaction, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Sun valve, Superconductivity, Supercurrent, Superfluidity, Supernova, Swedish krona, Syukuro Manabe, Takaaki Kajita, Tau (particle), Theodor W. Hänsch, Theoretical physics, Thermionic emission, Topological order, Toshihide Maskawa, Transistor, Tsung-Dao Lee, Upper atmosphere, Val Logsdon Fitch, Victor Francis Hess, Vitaly Ginzburg, W and Z bosons, Walter Houser Brattain, Walther Bothe, Wave function, Wave interference, Weak interaction, Werner Heisenberg, Wigner's theorem, Wilhelm Röntgen, Wilhelm Wien, Will and testament, Willard Boyle, William Alfred Fowler, William Daniel Phillips, William Henry Bragg, William Shockley, Willis Lamb, Wire chamber, Wolfgang Ketterle, Wolfgang Paul, Wolfgang Pauli, World War I, World War II, X-ray, X-ray astronomy, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray spectroscopy, Yang Chen-Ning, Yoichiro Nambu, Zhores Alferov.

Unionpedia is a concept map or semantic network organized like an encyclopedia – dictionary. It gives a brief definition of each concept and its relationships.

This is a giant online mental map that serves as a basis for concept diagrams. It's free to use and each article or document can be downloaded. It's a tool, resource or reference for study, research, education, learning or teaching, that can be used by teachers, educators, pupils or students; for the academic world: for school, primary, secondary, high school, middle, technical degree, college, university, undergraduate, master's or doctoral degrees; for papers, reports, projects, ideas, documentation, surveys, summaries, or thesis. Here is the definition, explanation, description, or the meaning of each significant on which you need information, and a list of their associated concepts as a glossary. Available in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Japanese, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Polish, Dutch, Russian, Arabic, Hindi, Swedish, Ukrainian, Hungarian, Catalan, Czech, Hebrew, Danish, Finnish, Indonesian, Norwegian, Romanian, Turkish, Vietnamese, Korean, Thai, Greek, Bulgarian, Croatian, Slovak, Lithuanian, Filipino, Latvian, Estonian and Slovenian. More languages soon.

The information is based on Wikipedia articles and other Wikimedia projects, and it's available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.

Unionpedia is not endorsed by or affiliated with the Wikimedia Foundation.

Google Play, Android and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Privacy Policy