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37 relations: American Revolutionary War, Argyllshire (UK Parliament constituency), Aristocracy, Battle of Sullivan's Island, Benjamin Green (merchant), British Empire, Charleston, South Carolina, Colony, Committees of safety (American Revolution), Daniel Elliott Huger House, England, Fort Moultrie, George III of the United Kingdom, Henry Laurens, HMS Bristol (1775), HMS Tamar (1758), India, John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll, List of colonial governors of South Carolina, List of lieutenant governors of Nova Scotia, Loyalist (American Revolution), Member of parliament, Montague Wilmot, Pamphlet, Parliament of the United Kingdom, Patriot (American Revolution), President, Province of South Carolina, Provincial Congress, Ralph Izard, Royal Navy, Second Continental Congress, Seven Years' War, Sir Peter Parker, 1st Baronet, Thomas Gainsborough, United Kingdom, William Bull II.
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.
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Argyllshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Argyllshire was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1800 and of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 until 1983.
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Aristocracy
Aristocracy (Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, from ἄριστος aristos "excellent", and κράτος kratos "power") is a form of government that places strength in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class.
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Battle of Sullivan's Island
The Battle of Sullivan's Island or the Battle of Fort Sullivan was fought on June 28, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War.
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Benjamin Green (merchant)
Benjamin Green (July 1, 1713 – October 14, 1772) was a merchant, judge and political figure in Nova Scotia.
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British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.
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Charleston, South Carolina
Charleston is the oldest and largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area.
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Colony
In history, a colony is a territory under the immediate complete political control of a state, distinct from the home territory of the sovereign.
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Committees of safety (American Revolution)
In the American Revolution, the committees of correspondence, committees of inspection (also known as committees of observation), and committees of safety were different local committees of Patriots that became a shadow government; they took control of the Thirteen Colonies away from royal officials, who became increasingly helpless.
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Daniel Elliott Huger House
The Daniel Elliott Huger House was the last home of a Royal governor in South Carolina.
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England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.
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Fort Moultrie
Fort Moultrie is a series of fortifications on Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, built to protect the city of Charleston, South Carolina.
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George III of the United Kingdom
George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death in 1820.
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Henry Laurens
Henry Laurens (December 8, 1792) was an American merchant, slave trader, and rice planter from South Carolina who became a political leader during the Revolutionary War.
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HMS Bristol (1775)
HMS Bristol was a 50-gun fourth-rate ship of the line, built for the Royal Navy in the 1770s.
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HMS Tamar (1758)
HMS Tamar or Tamer was a 16-gun Favourite-class sloop-of-war of the Royal Navy.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll
General John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll KT PC (c. 1693 – 9 November 1770), was a Scottish Whig politician and general in the 18th century.
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List of colonial governors of South Carolina
This is a list of colonial governors of the Province of South Carolina (and preceding British colonies in the same region) from 1670 to 1775.
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List of lieutenant governors of Nova Scotia
The following is a list of the Governors and Lieutenant Governors of Nova Scotia.
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Loyalist (American Revolution)
Loyalists were American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War, often called Tories, Royalists, or King's Men at the time.
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Member of parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative of the voters to a parliament.
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Montague Wilmot
Montague Wilmot (died May 23, 1766) was an 18th-century British colonial Governor of Nova Scotia.
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Pamphlet
A pamphlet is an unbound booklet (that is, without a hard cover or binding).
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Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom, commonly known as the UK Parliament or British Parliament, is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown dependencies and overseas territories.
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Patriot (American Revolution)
Patriots (also known as Revolutionaries, Continentals, Rebels, or American Whigs) were those colonists of the Thirteen Colonies who rejected British rule during the American Revolution and declared the United States of America as an independent nation in July 1776.
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President
The president is a common title for the head of state in most republics.
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Province of South Carolina
The Province of South Carolina (also known as the South Carolina Colony) was originally part of the Province of Carolina in British America, which was chartered by eight Lords Proprietor in 1663.
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Provincial Congress
"Provincial Congress" can refer to one of several extra-legal legislative bodies established in some of the Thirteen Colonies early in the American Revolution.
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Ralph Izard
Ralph Izard (January 23, 1741/1742May 30, 1804) was a U.S. politician.
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Royal Navy
The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.
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Second Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting in the spring of 1775 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War was a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763.
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Sir Peter Parker, 1st Baronet
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Peter Parker, 1st Baronet (1721 – 21 December 1811) was a Royal Navy officer.
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Thomas Gainsborough
Thomas Gainsborough FRSA (14 May 1727 (baptised) – 2 August 1788) was an English portrait and landscape painter, draughtsman, and printmaker.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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William Bull II
William Bull II (September 24, 1710 – July 4, 1791) was a landowner, and was for many years (1759–1775) lieutenant governor of the province of South Carolina, and served as acting governor on five occasions.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_William_Campbell
