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Australopithecus

Index Australopithecus

Australopithecus is a genus of early hominins that existed in Africa during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 103 relations: AL 129-1, American Journal of Biological Anthropology, Annual Review of Anthropology, Anthropology, Aramis, Ethiopia, Ardipithecus, Ardipithecus ramidus, Australopithecine, Australopithecus afarensis, Australopithecus africanus, Australopithecus anamensis, Australopithecus bahrelghazali, Australopithecus deyiremeda, Australopithecus garhi, Australopithecus sediba, Bayesian inference, Bipedalism, Bonobo, Bovidae, Brain size, Cambridge University Press, Camilo José Cela Conde, Capitate bone, Chimpanzee, Chimpanzee genome project, Chimpanzee–human last common ancestor, Cladistics, Dental erosion, Dental microwear, Early Pleistocene, East Africa, Ernst Mayr, Francisco J. Ayala, Frugivore, Gauteng, Gelasian, Genus, Gona, Ethiopia, Gwion Gwion rock paintings, Hominini, Homo, Homo erectus, Homo habilis, Human, Index finger, Jeremy Griffith, Johannesburg, Journal of Anatomy, Journal of Human Evolution, Kenyanthropus, ... Expand index (53 more) »

  2. Fossil taxa described in 1925
  3. Piacenzian first appearances
  4. Pliocene primates

AL 129-1

AL 129-1 is a fossilized knee joint of the species Australopithecus afarensis.

See Australopithecus and AL 129-1

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

The American Journal of Biological AnthropologyInfo pages about the renaming are: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/page/journal/26927691/homepage/productinformation.html and https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/26927691 (previously known as the American Journal of Physical Anthropology) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal and the official journal of the American Association of Biological Anthropologists.

See Australopithecus and American Journal of Biological Anthropology

Annual Review of Anthropology

The Annual Review of Anthropology is an academic journal that publishes review articles of significant developments in anthropology and its subfields.

See Australopithecus and Annual Review of Anthropology

Anthropology

Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans.

See Australopithecus and Anthropology

Aramis, Ethiopia

Aramis is a village and archaeological site in north-eastern Ethiopia, where remains of Australopithecus and Ardipithecus (Ardipithecus ramidus) have been found.

See Australopithecus and Aramis, Ethiopia

Ardipithecus

Ardipithecus is a genus of an extinct hominine that lived during the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene epochs in the Afar Depression, Ethiopia. Australopithecus and Ardipithecus are Pliocene primates, Prehistoric primate genera and Transitional fossils.

See Australopithecus and Ardipithecus

Ardipithecus ramidus

Ardipithecus ramidus is a species of australopithecine from the Afar region of Early Pliocene Ethiopia 4.4 million years ago (mya). Australopithecus and Ardipithecus ramidus are Pliocene primates and Transitional fossils.

See Australopithecus and Ardipithecus ramidus

Australopithecine

The australopithecines, formally Australopithecina or Hominina, are generally any species in the related genera of Australopithecus and Paranthropus.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecine

Australopithecus afarensis

Australopithecus afarensis is an extinct species of australopithecine which lived from about 3.9–2.9 million years ago (mya) in the Pliocene of East Africa. Australopithecus and Australopithecus afarensis are Pliocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecus afarensis

Australopithecus africanus

Australopithecus africanus is an extinct species of australopithecine which lived between about 3.3 and 2.1 million years ago in the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene of South Africa. Australopithecus and Australopithecus africanus are fossil taxa described in 1925, Pliocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecus africanus

Australopithecus anamensis

Australopithecus anamensis is a hominin species that lived approximately between 4.2 and 3.8 million years ago and is the oldest known Australopithecus species, living during the Plio-Pleistocene era. Australopithecus and Australopithecus anamensis are Pliocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecus anamensis

Australopithecus bahrelghazali

Australopithecus bahrelghazali is an extinct species of australopithecine discovered in 1995 at Koro Toro, Bahr el Gazel, Chad, existing around 3.5 million years ago in the Pliocene. Australopithecus and Australopithecus bahrelghazali are Pliocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecus bahrelghazali

Australopithecus deyiremeda

Australopithecus deyiremeda is an extinct species of australopithecine from Woranso–Mille, Afar Region, Ethiopia, about 3.5 to 3.3 million years ago during the Pliocene. Australopithecus and Australopithecus deyiremeda are Pliocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecus deyiremeda

Australopithecus garhi

Australopithecus garhi is a species of australopithecine from the Bouri Formation in the Afar Region of Ethiopia 2.6–2.5 million years ago (mya) during the Early Pleistocene. Australopithecus and Australopithecus garhi are Pliocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecus garhi

Australopithecus sediba

Australopithecus sediba is an extinct species of australopithecine recovered from Malapa Cave, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa.

See Australopithecus and Australopithecus sediba

Bayesian inference

Bayesian inference is a method of statistical inference in which Bayes' theorem is used to update the probability for a hypothesis as more evidence or information becomes available.

See Australopithecus and Bayesian inference

Bipedalism

Bipedalism is a form of terrestrial locomotion where an animal moves by means of its two rear (or lower) limbs or legs.

See Australopithecus and Bipedalism

Bonobo

The bonobo (Pan paniscus), also historically called the pygmy chimpanzee (less often the dwarf chimpanzee or gracile chimpanzee), is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus Pan (the other being the common chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes).

See Australopithecus and Bonobo

Bovidae

The Bovidae comprise the biological family of cloven-hoofed, ruminant mammals that includes cattle, yaks, bison, buffalo, antelopes (including goat-antelopes), sheep and goats.

See Australopithecus and Bovidae

Brain size

The size of the brain is a frequent topic of study within the fields of anatomy, biological anthropology, animal science and evolution.

See Australopithecus and Brain size

Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

See Australopithecus and Cambridge University Press

Camilo José Cela Conde

Camilo José Arcadio Cela Conde, 2nd Marquess of Iria Flavia (born 17 January 1946), is a Spanish writer.

See Australopithecus and Camilo José Cela Conde

Capitate bone

The capitate bone is a bone in the human wrist found in the center of the carpal bone region, located at the distal end of the radius and ulna bones.

See Australopithecus and Capitate bone

Chimpanzee

The chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), also simply known as the chimp, is a species of great ape native to the forests and savannahs of tropical Africa.

See Australopithecus and Chimpanzee

Chimpanzee genome project

The Chimpanzee Genome Project was an effort to determine the DNA sequence of the chimpanzee genome.

See Australopithecus and Chimpanzee genome project

Chimpanzee–human last common ancestor

The chimpanzee–human last common ancestor (CHLCA) is the last common ancestor shared by the extant Homo (human) and Pan (chimpanzee and bonobo) genera of Hominini.

See Australopithecus and Chimpanzee–human last common ancestor

Cladistics

Cladistics is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on hypotheses of most recent common ancestry.

See Australopithecus and Cladistics

Dental erosion

Acid erosion is a type of tooth wear.

See Australopithecus and Dental erosion

Dental microwear

Dental microwear analysis is a method to infer diet and behavior in extinct animals, especially in fossil specimens.

See Australopithecus and Dental microwear

Early Pleistocene

The Early Pleistocene is an unofficial sub-epoch in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, representing the earliest division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period.

See Australopithecus and Early Pleistocene

East Africa

East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the African continent, distinguished by its geographical, historical, and cultural landscape.

See Australopithecus and East Africa

Ernst Mayr

Ernst Walter Mayr (5 July 1904 – 3 February 2005) was a German-American evolutionary biologist.

See Australopithecus and Ernst Mayr

Francisco J. Ayala

Francisco José Ayala Pereda (March 12, 1934 – March 3, 2023) was a Spanish-American evolutionary biologist and philosopher who was a longtime faculty member at the University of California, Irvine, and University of California, Davis.

See Australopithecus and Francisco J. Ayala

Frugivore

A frugivore is an animal that thrives mostly on raw fruits or succulent fruit-like produce of plants such as roots, shoots, nuts and seeds.

See Australopithecus and Frugivore

Gauteng

Gauteng (Sotho-Tswana for 'place of gold'; eGoli or iGoli) is one of the nine provinces of South Africa.

See Australopithecus and Gauteng

Gelasian

The Gelasian is an age in the international geologic timescale or a stage in chronostratigraphy, being the earliest or lowest subdivision of the Quaternary Period/System and Pleistocene Epoch/Series.

See Australopithecus and Gelasian

Genus

Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.

See Australopithecus and Genus

Gona, Ethiopia

Gona is a paleoanthropological research area in Ethiopia's Afar Region.

See Australopithecus and Gona, Ethiopia

Gwion Gwion rock paintings

The Gwion Gwion rock paintings, Gwion figures, Kiro Kiro or Kujon (also known as the Bradshaw rock paintings, Bradshaw rock art, Bradshaw figures and the Bradshaws) are one of the two major regional traditions of rock art found in the north-west Kimberley region of Western Australia.

See Australopithecus and Gwion Gwion rock paintings

Hominini

The Hominini (hominins) form a taxonomic tribe of the subfamily Homininae (hominines).

See Australopithecus and Hominini

Homo

Homo is a genus of great ape that emerged from the genus Australopithecus and encompasses the extant species Homo sapiens (modern humans) and a number of extinct species (collectively called archaic humans) classified as either ancestral or closely related to modern humans.

See Australopithecus and Homo

Homo erectus

Homo erectus (meaning "upright man") is an extinct species of archaic human from the Pleistocene, with its earliest occurrence about 2 million years ago. Australopithecus and Homo erectus are Pleistocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Homo erectus

Homo habilis

Homo habilis ('handy man') is an extinct species of archaic human from the Early Pleistocene of East and South Africa about 2.3 million years ago to 1.65 million years ago (mya). Australopithecus and Homo habilis are Pleistocene mammals of Africa and Transitional fossils.

See Australopithecus and Homo habilis

Human

Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.

See Australopithecus and Human

Index finger

The index finger (also referred to as forefinger, first finger, second finger, pointer finger, trigger finger, digitus secundus, digitus II, and many other terms) is the second digit of a human hand.

See Australopithecus and Index finger

Jeremy Griffith

Jeremy Griffith (born 1945) is an Australian biologist and author.

See Australopithecus and Jeremy Griffith

Johannesburg

Johannesburg (Zulu and Xhosa: eGoli) (colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, Jo'burg or "The City of Gold") is the most populous city in South Africa with 4,803,262 people, and is classified as a megacity; it is one of the 100 largest urban areas in the world.

See Australopithecus and Johannesburg

Journal of Anatomy

The Journal of Anatomy is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Wiley on behalf of the Anatomical Society.

See Australopithecus and Journal of Anatomy

Journal of Human Evolution

The Journal of Human Evolution is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that concentrates on publishing the highest quality papers covering all aspects of human evolution.

See Australopithecus and Journal of Human Evolution

Kenyanthropus

Kenyanthropus is a genus of extinct hominin identified from the Lomekwi site by Lake Turkana, Kenya, dated to 3.3 to 3.2 million years ago during the Middle Pliocene. Australopithecus and Kenyanthropus are Pliocene mammals of Africa, Pliocene primates and Prehistoric primate genera.

See Australopithecus and Kenyanthropus

Knuckle-walking

Knuckle-walking is a form of quadrupedal walking in which the forelimbs hold the fingers in a partially flexed posture that allows body weight to press down on the ground through the knuckles.

See Australopithecus and Knuckle-walking

Laetoli

Laetoli is a pre-historic site located in Enduleni ward of Ngorongoro District in Arusha Region, Tanzania.

See Australopithecus and Laetoli

LD 350-1

LD 350-1 is the earliest known specimen of the genus Homo, dating to 2.75–2.8 million years ago (mya), found in the Ledi-Geraru site in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Australopithecus and LD 350-1 are Transitional fossils.

See Australopithecus and LD 350-1

Ledi-Geraru

Ledi-Geraru is a paleoanthropological research area in Mille district, Afar Region, northeastern Ethiopia, along the Ledi and Geraru rivers (two left tributaries of the Awash, south of the Mille river).

See Australopithecus and Ledi-Geraru

List of fossil sites

This list of fossil sites is a worldwide list of localities known well for the presence of fossils.

See Australopithecus and List of fossil sites

List of human evolution fossils

The following tables give an overview of notable finds of hominin fossils and remains relating to human evolution, beginning with the formation of the tribe Hominini (the divergence of the human and chimpanzee lineages) in the late Miocene, roughly 7 to 8 million years ago.

See Australopithecus and List of human evolution fossils

Little Foot

"Little Foot" (Stw 573) is the nickname given to a nearly complete Australopithecus fossil skeleton found in 1994–1998 in the cave system of Sterkfontein, South Africa.

See Australopithecus and Little Foot

Lomekwi

Lomekwi is an archaeological site located on the west bank of Turkana Lake in Kenya.

See Australopithecus and Lomekwi

Lucy (Australopithecus)

AL 288-1, commonly known as Lucy or Dinkinesh (lit), is a collection of several hundred pieces of fossilized bone comprising 40 percent of the skeleton of a female of the hominin species Australopithecus afarensis. Australopithecus and Lucy (Australopithecus) are Transitional fossils.

See Australopithecus and Lucy (Australopithecus)

Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind

Malapa is a fossil-bearing cave located about northeast of the well known South African hominid-bearing sites of Sterkfontein and Swartkrans and about north-northwest of Johannesburg, South Africa.

See Australopithecus and Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind

Mary Leakey

Mary Douglas Leakey, FBA (née Nicol, 6 February 1913 – 9 December 1996) was a British paleoanthropologist who discovered the first fossilised Proconsul skull, an extinct ape which is now believed to be ancestral to humans.

See Australopithecus and Mary Leakey

MRD-VP-1/1

MRD-VP-1/1 is a fossilized cranium of the species Australopithecus anamensis.

See Australopithecus and MRD-VP-1/1

Mrs. Ples

Mrs.

See Australopithecus and Mrs. Ples

National Museum of Natural History

The National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) is a natural history museum administered by the Smithsonian Institution, located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States.

See Australopithecus and National Museum of Natural History

Nature (journal)

Nature is a British weekly scientific journal founded and based in London, England.

See Australopithecus and Nature (journal)

Neuron

A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.

See Australopithecus and Neuron

Non-carious cervical lesions

Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are a group of lesions that are characterised by a loss of hard dental tissue at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) region at the neck of the tooth, without the action of microorganisms or inflammatory processes.

See Australopithecus and Non-carious cervical lesions

North Africa

North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of the Western Sahara in the west, to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east.

See Australopithecus and North Africa

Olduvai Gorge

The Olduvai Gorge or Oldupai Gorge in Tanzania is one of the most important paleoanthropological localities in the world; the many sites exposed by the gorge have proven invaluable in furthering understanding of early human evolution.

See Australopithecus and Olduvai Gorge

Orrorin

Orrorin is an extinct genus of primate within Homininae from the Miocene Lukeino Formation and Pliocene Mabaget Formation, both of Kenya. Australopithecus and Orrorin are Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Orrorin

Paranthropus

Paranthropus is a genus of extinct hominin which contains two widely accepted species: P. robustus and P. boisei. Australopithecus and Paranthropus are Pliocene primates and Prehistoric primate genera.

See Australopithecus and Paranthropus

Paranthropus boisei

Paranthropus boisei is a species of australopithecine from the Early Pleistocene of East Africa about 2.5 to 1.15 million years ago. Australopithecus and Paranthropus boisei are Pleistocene mammals of Africa and Pliocene primates.

See Australopithecus and Paranthropus boisei

Paraphyly

Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages.

See Australopithecus and Paraphyly

Pliocene

The Pliocene (also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58 million years ago.

See Australopithecus and Pliocene

PLOS One

PLOS One (stylized PLOS ONE, and formerly PLoS ONE) is a peer-reviewed open access mega journal published by the Public Library of Science (PLOS) since 2006.

See Australopithecus and PLOS One

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (often abbreviated PNAS or PNAS USA) is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary scientific journal.

See Australopithecus and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Raymond Dart

Raymond Arthur Dart (4 February 1893 – 22 November 1988) was an Australian anatomist and anthropologist, best known for his involvement in the 1924 discovery of the first fossil found of Australopithecus africanus, an extinct hominin closely related to humans, at Taung in the North of South Africa in the Northwest province.

See Australopithecus and Raymond Dart

Robert Broom

Robert Broom FRS FRSE (30 November 1866 6 April 1951) was a British- South African medical doctor and palaeontologist.

See Australopithecus and Robert Broom

Sahelanthropus

Sahelanthropus is an extinct genus of hominid dated to about during the Late Miocene.

See Australopithecus and Sahelanthropus

Sandstone

Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains, cemented together by another mineral.

See Australopithecus and Sandstone

Science (journal)

Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.

See Australopithecus and Science (journal)

Science News

Science News (SN) is an American bi-weekly magazine devoted to articles about new scientific and technical developments, typically gleaned from recent scientific and technical journals.

See Australopithecus and Science News

Scientific American

Scientific American, informally abbreviated SciAm or sometimes SA, is an American popular science magazine.

See Australopithecus and Scientific American

Selam (Australopithecus)

Selam (DIK-1/1) is the fossilized skull and other skeletal remains of a three-year-old Australopithecus afarensis female hominin, whose bones were first found in Dikika, Ethiopia in 2000 and recovered over the following years.

See Australopithecus and Selam (Australopithecus)

Sexual dimorphism

Sexual dimorphism is the condition where sexes of the same species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction.

See Australopithecus and Sexual dimorphism

Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution, or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge." Founded on August 10, 1846, it operates as a trust instrumentality and is not formally a part of any of the three branches of the federal government.

See Australopithecus and Smithsonian Institution

SRGAP2

SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 2 (srGAP2), also known as formin-binding protein 2 (FNBP2), is a mammalian protein that in humans is encoded by the SRGAP2 gene.

See Australopithecus and SRGAP2

SRGAP2C

SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase activating protein 2C is a protein in humans that is encoded by the SRGAP2C gene.

See Australopithecus and SRGAP2C

Sterkfontein

Sterkfontein (Afrikaans for Strong Spring) is a set of limestone caves of special interest in paleoanthropology located in Gauteng province, about northwest of Johannesburg, South Africa in the Muldersdrift area close to the town of Krugersdorp.

See Australopithecus and Sterkfontein

STS 14

STS 14 is a fossilized partial skeleton of the species Australopithecus africanus.

See Australopithecus and STS 14

STS 71

STS 71 is a fossilized skull of the species Australopithecus africanus.

See Australopithecus and STS 71

Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, (formerly Swahililand) is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

See Australopithecus and Tanzania

Taung

Taung is a small town situated in the North West Province of South Africa.

See Australopithecus and Taung

Taung Child

The Taung Child (or Taung Baby) is the fossilised skull of a young Australopithecus africanus.

See Australopithecus and Taung Child

Taxonomy (biology)

In biology, taxonomy is the scientific study of naming, defining (circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics.

See Australopithecus and Taxonomy (biology)

The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

See Australopithecus and The New York Times

Tooth enamel

Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many animals, including some species of fish.

See Australopithecus and Tooth enamel

Trapezium (bone)

The trapezium bone (greater multangular bone) is a carpal bone in the hand.

See Australopithecus and Trapezium (bone)

Type (biology)

In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally associated.

See Australopithecus and Type (biology)

University of Padua

The University of Padua (Università degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) is an Italian public research university in Padua, Italy.

See Australopithecus and University of Padua

University of the Witwatersrand

The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, commonly known as Wits University or Wits, is a multi-campus public research university situated in the northern areas of central Johannesburg, South Africa.

See Australopithecus and University of the Witwatersrand

Zanclean

The Zanclean is the lowest stage or earliest age on the geologic time scale of the Pliocene.

See Australopithecus and Zanclean

Zootaxa

Zootaxa is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists.

See Australopithecus and Zootaxa

See also

Fossil taxa described in 1925

Piacenzian first appearances

Pliocene primates

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australopithecus

Also known as Astralopithecus, Australopitek, Australopithecus (genus), Australopithicus, Australpithecus, Gracile australopithecine, Gracile australopithecines, Gracile australopithecus, Paraustralopithecus, Praeanthropus.

, Knuckle-walking, Laetoli, LD 350-1, Ledi-Geraru, List of fossil sites, List of human evolution fossils, Little Foot, Lomekwi, Lucy (Australopithecus), Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind, Mary Leakey, MRD-VP-1/1, Mrs. Ples, National Museum of Natural History, Nature (journal), Neuron, Non-carious cervical lesions, North Africa, Olduvai Gorge, Orrorin, Paranthropus, Paranthropus boisei, Paraphyly, Pliocene, PLOS One, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Raymond Dart, Robert Broom, Sahelanthropus, Sandstone, Science (journal), Science News, Scientific American, Selam (Australopithecus), Sexual dimorphism, Smithsonian Institution, SRGAP2, SRGAP2C, Sterkfontein, STS 14, STS 71, Tanzania, Taung, Taung Child, Taxonomy (biology), The New York Times, Tooth enamel, Trapezium (bone), Type (biology), University of Padua, University of the Witwatersrand, Zanclean, Zootaxa.