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34 relations: Caenorhabditis elegans, Carcinoma, Cell potency, Diabetes mellitus, Embryogenesis, Embryonic stem cell, Fibroblast, Gene, Genome-wide association study, Gigantism, Heterochrony, Homology (biology), Human hair growth, In vivo, Induced pluripotent stem cell, Insulin, Insulin-like growth factor 2, Let-7 microRNA precursor, LIN28B (gene), Messenger RNA, MicroRNA, MTOR, Nematode, Obesity, P-bodies, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Precocious puberty, Protein, Puberty, Ribosome, RNA, Stem cell, Stress granule, Vulva.
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living (not parasitic), transparent nematode (roundworm), about 1 mm in length, that lives in temperate soil environments.
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Carcinoma
Carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops from epithelial cells.
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Cell potency
Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency.
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Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
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Embryogenesis
Embryogenesis is the process by which the embryo forms and develops.
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Embryonic stem cell
Embryonic stem cells (ES cells or ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo.
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Fibroblast
A fibroblast is a type of biological cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, the structural framework (stroma) for animal tissues, and plays a critical role in wound healing.
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Gene
In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.
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Genome-wide association study
In genetics, a genome-wide association study (GWA study, or GWAS), also known as whole genome association study (WGA study, or WGAS), is an observational study of a genome-wide set of genetic variants in different individuals to see if any variant is associated with a trait.
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Gigantism
Gigantism, also known as giantism (from Greek γίγας gigas, "giant", plural γίγαντες gigantes), is a condition characterized by excessive growth and height significantly above average.
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Heterochrony
In evolutionary developmental biology, heterochrony is a developmental change in the timing or rate of events, leading to changes in size and shape.
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Homology (biology)
In biology, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa.
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Human hair growth
The growth of human hair occurs everywhere on the body except for the soles of the feet, the lips, palms of the hands, some external genital areas, the navel, scar tissue, and, apart from eyelashes, the eyelids.
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In vivo
Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English) are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as opposed to a tissue extract or dead organism.
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Induced pluripotent stem cell
Induced pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from adult cells.
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Insulin
Insulin (from Latin insula, island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets; it is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body.
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Insulin-like growth factor 2
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is one of three protein hormones that share structural similarity to insulin.
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Let-7 microRNA precursor
The Let-7 microRNA precursor was identified from a study of developmental timing in C. elegans, and was later shown to be part of a much larger class of non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs.
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LIN28B (gene)
Lin-28 homolog B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LIN28B gene.
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Messenger RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression.
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MicroRNA
A microRNA (abbreviated miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA molecule (containing about 22 nucleotides) found in plants, animals and some viruses, that functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.
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MTOR
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), also known as the mechanistic target of rapamycin and FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin-associated protein 1 (FRAP1), is a kinase that in humans is encoded by the MTOR gene.
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Nematode
The nematodes or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes).
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Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.
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P-bodies
Processing bodies (P-bodies) are distinct foci within the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell consisting of many enzymes involved in mRNA turnover.
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Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (also called phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases, PI 3-kinases, PI(3)Ks, PI-3Ks or by the HUGO official stem symbol for the gene family, PI3K(s)) are a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking, which in turn are involved in cancer.
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Precocious puberty
In medicine, precocious puberty is puberty occurring at an unusually early age.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Puberty
Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction.
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Ribosome
The ribosome is a complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation).
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RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.
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Stem cell
Stem cells are biological cells that can differentiate into other types of cells and can divide to produce more of the same type of stem cells.
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Stress granule
Stress granules are dense aggregations in the cytosol composed of proteins & RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress.
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Vulva
The vulva (wrapper, covering, plural vulvae or vulvas) consists of the external female sex organs.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIN28
