Table of Contents
53 relations: Abstraction, Alfred North Whitehead, All models are wrong, Ambiguity, Animistic fallacy, Anthropomorphism, B. Alan Wallace, Belief, Concept, Construct validity, Counterfactual definiteness, Equivocation, Extension (metaphysics), Fallacy, Fallacy of accent, Fallacy of composition, Fallacy of division, Figure of speech, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Goodhart's law, Gravitational field, Hypostatic abstraction, Idolatry, Immanuel Kant, Intelligence quotient, John Dewey, Latin, Literature, Map–territory relation, Metaphor, Motivation, Natural language, Normal science, Objectification, Opinion, Paradigm, Pathetic fallacy, Personification, Philosophical realism, Predictive validity, Preferred number, Psychologist's fallacy, Reason, Rhetoric, Stephen Jay Gould, Surrogation, Syntactic ambiguity, The Mismeasure of Man, The Principles of Psychology, Thomas Schelling, ... Expand index (3 more) »
Abstraction
Abstraction is a process wherein general rules and concepts are derived from the usage and classification of specific examples, literal (real or concrete) signifiers, first principles, or other methods.
See Reification (fallacy) and Abstraction
Alfred North Whitehead
Alfred North Whitehead (15 February 1861 – 30 December 1947) was an English mathematician and philosopher.
See Reification (fallacy) and Alfred North Whitehead
All models are wrong
All models are wrong is a common aphorism and anapodoton in statistics; it is often expanded as "All models are wrong, but some are useful".
See Reification (fallacy) and All models are wrong
Ambiguity
Ambiguity is the type of meaning in which a phrase, statement, or resolution is not explicitly defined, making for several interpretations; others describe it as a concept or statement that has no real reference.
See Reification (fallacy) and Ambiguity
Animistic fallacy
The animistic fallacy is the informal fallacy of arguing that an event or situation necessarily arose because someone intentionally acted to cause it.
See Reification (fallacy) and Animistic fallacy
Anthropomorphism
Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities.
See Reification (fallacy) and Anthropomorphism
B. Alan Wallace
Bruce Alan Wallace (born 1950) is an American author and expert on Tibetan Buddhism.
See Reification (fallacy) and B. Alan Wallace
Belief
A belief is a subjective attitude that a proposition is true or a state of affairs is the case.
See Reification (fallacy) and Belief
Concept
A concept is defined as an abstract idea.
See Reification (fallacy) and Concept
Construct validity
Construct validity concerns how well a set of indicators represent or reflect a concept that is not directly measurable.
See Reification (fallacy) and Construct validity
Counterfactual definiteness
In quantum mechanics, counterfactual definiteness (CFD) is the ability to speak "meaningfully" of the definiteness of the results of measurements that have not been performed (i.e., the ability to assume the existence of objects, and properties of objects, even when they have not been measured).
See Reification (fallacy) and Counterfactual definiteness
Equivocation
In logic, equivocation ("calling two different things by the same name") is an informal fallacy resulting from the use of a particular word/expression in multiple senses within an argument.
See Reification (fallacy) and Equivocation
Extension (metaphysics)
In metaphysics, extension signifies both 'stretching out' (Latin: extensio) as well as later 'taking up space', and most recently, spreading one's internal mental cognition into the external world.
See Reification (fallacy) and Extension (metaphysics)
Fallacy
A fallacy is the use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning in the construction of an argument that may appear to be well-reasoned if unnoticed.
See Reification (fallacy) and Fallacy
Fallacy of accent
The fallacy of accent (also known as accentus, from its Latin denomination, and misleading accent) is a verbal fallacy that reasons from two different vocal readings of the same written words.
See Reification (fallacy) and Fallacy of accent
Fallacy of composition
The fallacy of composition is an informal fallacy that arises when one infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole.
See Reification (fallacy) and Fallacy of composition
Fallacy of division
The fallacy of division is an informal fallacy that occurs when one reasons that something that is true for a whole must also be true of all or some of its parts.
See Reification (fallacy) and Fallacy of division
Figure of speech
A figure of speech or rhetorical figure is a word or phrase that intentionally deviates from straightforward language use or literal meaning to produce a rhetorical or intensified effect (emotionally, aesthetically, intellectually, etc.). In the distinction between literal and figurative language, figures of speech constitute the latter.
See Reification (fallacy) and Figure of speech
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a German philosopher and one of the most influential figures of German idealism and 19th-century philosophy.
See Reification (fallacy) and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Goodhart's law
Goodhart's law is an adage often stated as, "When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure".
See Reification (fallacy) and Goodhart's law
Gravitational field
In physics, a gravitational field or gravitational acceleration field is a vector field used to explain the influences that a body extends into the space around itself.
See Reification (fallacy) and Gravitational field
Hypostatic abstraction
Hypostatic abstraction in mathematical logic, also known as hypostasis or subjectal abstraction, is a formal operation that transforms a predicate into a relation; for example "Honey is sweet" is transformed into "Honey has sweetness".
See Reification (fallacy) and Hypostatic abstraction
Idolatry
Idolatry is the worship of a cult image or "idol" as though it were a deity.
See Reification (fallacy) and Idolatry
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers.
See Reification (fallacy) and Immanuel Kant
Intelligence quotient
An intelligence quotient (IQ) is a total score derived from a set of standardised tests or subtests designed to assess human intelligence.
See Reification (fallacy) and Intelligence quotient
John Dewey
John Dewey (October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer.
See Reification (fallacy) and John Dewey
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
See Reification (fallacy) and Latin
Literature
Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially novels, plays, and poems.
See Reification (fallacy) and Literature
Map–territory relation
The map–territory relation is the relationship between an object and a representation of that object, as in the relation between a geographical territory and a map of it.
See Reification (fallacy) and Map–territory relation
Metaphor
A metaphor is a figure of speech that, for rhetorical effect, directly refers to one thing by mentioning another.
See Reification (fallacy) and Metaphor
Motivation
Motivation is an internal state that propels individuals to engage in goal-directed behavior.
See Reification (fallacy) and Motivation
Natural language
In neuropsychology, linguistics, and philosophy of language, a natural language or ordinary language is any language that occurs naturally in a human community by a process of use, repetition, and change without conscious planning or premeditation.
See Reification (fallacy) and Natural language
Normal science
Normal science, identified and elaborated on by Thomas Samuel Kuhn in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, is the regular work of scientists theorizing, observing, and experimenting within a settled paradigm or explanatory framework.
See Reification (fallacy) and Normal science
Objectification
In social philosophy, objectification is the act of treating a person as an object or a thing.
See Reification (fallacy) and Objectification
Opinion
An opinion is a judgment, viewpoint, or statement that is not conclusive, rather than facts, which are true statements.
See Reification (fallacy) and Opinion
Paradigm
In science and philosophy, a paradigm is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitute legitimate contributions to a field.
See Reification (fallacy) and Paradigm
Pathetic fallacy
The phrase pathetic fallacy is a literary term for the attribution of human emotion and conduct to things found in nature that are not human.
See Reification (fallacy) and Pathetic fallacy
Personification
Personification is the representation of a thing or abstraction as a person.
See Reification (fallacy) and Personification
Philosophical realism
Philosophical realism – usually not treated as a position of its own but as a stance towards other subject matters – is the view that a certain kind of thing (ranging widely from abstract objects like numbers to moral statements to the physical world itself) has mind-independent existence, i.e.
See Reification (fallacy) and Philosophical realism
Predictive validity
In psychometrics, predictive validity is the extent to which a score on a scale or test predicts scores on some criterion measure.
See Reification (fallacy) and Predictive validity
Preferred number
In industrial design, preferred numbers (also called preferred values or preferred series) are standard guidelines for choosing exact product dimensions within a given set of constraints.
See Reification (fallacy) and Preferred number
Psychologist's fallacy
The psychologist's fallacy is an informal fallacy that occurs when an observer assumes that his or her subjective experience reflects the true nature of an event. Reification (fallacy) and psychologist's fallacy are informal fallacies.
See Reification (fallacy) and Psychologist's fallacy
Reason
Reason is the capacity of applying logic consciously by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth.
See Reification (fallacy) and Reason
Rhetoric
Rhetoric is the art of persuasion.
See Reification (fallacy) and Rhetoric
Stephen Jay Gould
Stephen Jay Gould (September 10, 1941 – May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.
See Reification (fallacy) and Stephen Jay Gould
Surrogation
Surrogation is a psychological phenomenon found in business practices whereby a measure of a construct of interest evolves to replace that construct.
See Reification (fallacy) and Surrogation
Syntactic ambiguity
Syntactic ambiguity, also known as structural ambiguity, amphiboly, or amphibology, is characterized by the potential for a sentence to yield multiple interpretations due to its ambiguous syntax.
See Reification (fallacy) and Syntactic ambiguity
The Mismeasure of Man
The Mismeasure of Man is a 1981 book by paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould.
See Reification (fallacy) and The Mismeasure of Man
The Principles of Psychology
The Principles of Psychology is an 1890 book about psychology by William James, an American philosopher and psychologist who trained to be a physician before going into psychology.
See Reification (fallacy) and The Principles of Psychology
Thomas Schelling
Thomas Crombie Schelling (April 14, 1921 – December 13, 2016) was an American economist and professor of foreign policy, national security, nuclear strategy, and arms control at the School of Public Policy at University of Maryland, College Park.
See Reification (fallacy) and Thomas Schelling
Universe
The universe is all of space and time and their contents.
See Reification (fallacy) and Universe
Utility
In economics, utility is a measure of the satisfaction that a certain person has from a certain state of the world.
See Reification (fallacy) and Utility
William James
William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, and the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States.
See Reification (fallacy) and William James
References
Also known as Fallacies of misplaced concreteness, Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness, Fallacy of Misplaced Concretion, Fallacy of reification, Hypostatization, Logical fallacy/Reification, Misplaced concreteness, Misplaced concreteness fallacy, Reification fallacy, Whitehead's fallacy.