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New York and New Jersey campaign

Index New York and New Jersey campaign

The New York and New Jersey campaign was a series of battles in 1776 and the winter months of 1777 for control of New York City and the state of New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War between British forces under General Sir William Howe and the Continental Army under General George Washington. [1]

130 relations: American Revolutionary War, Banastre Tarleton, Battle of Bunker Hill, Battle of Fort Washington, Battle of Harlem Heights, Battle of Iron Works Hill, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Millstone, Battle of Pell's Point, Battle of Princeton, Battle of Sullivan's Island, Battle of the Assunpink Creek, Battle of Trenton, Battle of White Plains, Battles of Saratoga, Benedict Arnold, Benjamin Franklin, Bordentown, New Jersey, Boston, Boston campaign, British Empire, Brooklyn, Brooklyn Heights, Burlington, New Jersey, Carl von Donop, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, Charles Lee (general), Charles Mawhood, Chesapeake Bay, Continental Army, Daniel Morgan, David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield, Delaware River, Desertion, East River, Edward Rutledge, Encirclement, Flanking maneuver, Flying Camp, Forage War, Fort Lee Historic Park, Fort Washington (Manhattan), Fortification of Dorchester Heights, France, France in the American Revolutionary War, Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, Frederick North, Lord North, George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, George III of the United Kingdom, ..., George Washington, George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Henry Clinton (British Army officer, born 1730), Hessian (soldier), Horatio Gates, Hudson River, Hugh Mercer, Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland, Invasion of Quebec (1775), Israel Putnam, James Grant (British Army officer, born 1720), Johann Rall, John Adams, John Burgoyne, John Cadwalader (general), John Sullivan (general), Joseph Reed (politician), Kingdom of Great Britain, Lake Champlain, Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, Landing at Kip's Bay, Leopold Philip de Heister, List of American Revolutionary War battles, London, Long Island, Loyalist (American Revolution), Manhattan, Morningside Heights, Manhattan, Morristown National Historical Park, Morristown, New Jersey, Nathanael Greene, National Historic Landmark, New Brunswick, New Jersey, New England, New Jersey, New York (state), New York City, New York Harbor, Newport, Rhode Island, North America, Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga, Order of the Bath, Paris, Parliament of the United Kingdom, Pennsylvania, Perth Amboy, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Philadelphia campaign, Princeton Battlefield, Princeton, New Jersey, Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont, Province of Quebec (1763–1791), Pulitzer Prize for History, Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe, Richard Prescott, Robert Magaw, Saratoga campaign, Saratoga, New York, Second Continental Congress, Siege of Boston, Siege of Yorktown, Staten Island, Staten Island Peace Conference, Submarine, The American Crisis, The Narrows, Thomas Paine, Trenton, New Jersey, Turtle (submersible), United States Army Center of Military History, Virginia, Washington's Crossing, Washington's Crossing (book), Westchester County, New York, White Plains, New York, Wilhelm von Knyphausen, William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, Withdrawal (military), 1776 (book). Expand index (80 more) »

American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.

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Banastre Tarleton

Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1st Baronet, GCB (21 August 175415 January 1833) was a British soldier and politician.

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Battle of Bunker Hill

The Battle of Bunker Hill was fought on June 17, 1775, during the Siege of Boston in the early stages of the American Revolutionary War.

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Battle of Fort Washington

The Battle of Fort Washington was a battle fought in New York on November 16, 1776 during the American Revolutionary War between the United States and Great Britain.

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Battle of Harlem Heights

The Battle of Harlem Heights was fought during the New York and New Jersey campaign of the American Revolutionary War.

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Battle of Iron Works Hill

The Battle of Iron Works Hill, also known as the Battle of Mount Holly, was a series of minor skirmishes that took place on December 22 and 23, 1776, during the American War of Independence.

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Battle of Long Island

The Battle of Long Island is also known as the Battle of Brooklyn and the Battle of Brooklyn Heights.

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Battle of Millstone

The Battle of Millstone, also known as the Battle of Van Nest's Mill, was a skirmish that occurred near the mill of Abraham Van Nest in Weston, New Jersey (near present-day Manville, New Jersey) on January 20, 1777, during the American Revolutionary War.

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Battle of Pell's Point

The Battle of Pell's Point (October 18, 1776), also known as the Battle of Pelham, was a skirmish fought between British and American troops during the New York and New Jersey campaign of the American Revolutionary War.

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Battle of Princeton

The Battle of Princeton was a battle of the American Revolutionary War, fought near Princeton, New Jersey on January 3, 1777.

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Battle of Sullivan's Island

The Battle of Sullivan's Island or the Battle of Fort Sullivan was fought on June 28, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War.

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Battle of the Assunpink Creek

The Battle of the Assunpink Creek, also known as the Second Battle of Trenton, was a battle between American and British troops that took place in and around Trenton, New Jersey, on January 2, 1777, during the American Revolutionary War, and resulted in an American victory.

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Battle of Trenton

The Battle of Trenton was a small but pivotal battle during the American Revolutionary War which took place on the morning of December 26, 1776, in Trenton, New Jersey.

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Battle of White Plains

The Battle of White Plains was a battle in the New York and New Jersey campaign of the American Revolutionary War fought on October 28, 1776, near White Plains, New York.

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Battles of Saratoga

The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War.

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Benedict Arnold

Benedict Arnold (Brandt (1994), p. 4June 14, 1801) was a general during the American Revolutionary War who fought heroically for the American Continental Army—then defected to the enemy in 1780.

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Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin (April 17, 1790) was an American polymath and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

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Bordentown, New Jersey

Bordentown is a city in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States.

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Boston

Boston is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.

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Boston campaign

The Boston campaign was the opening campaign of the American Revolutionary War, taking place primarily in the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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Brooklyn

Brooklyn is the most populous borough of New York City, with a census-estimated 2,648,771 residents in 2017.

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Brooklyn Heights

Brooklyn Heights is an affluent residential neighborhood within the New York City borough of Brooklyn.

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Burlington, New Jersey

Burlington is a city in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States and a suburb of Philadelphia.

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Carl von Donop

Count Carl Emil Ulrich von Donop (January 1, 1732Wilhelm Gottlieb Levin von Donop: Paderborn 1796, – October 25, 1777) was a Hessian colonel who fought in the American Revolutionary War.

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Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis

Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as The Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army general and official.

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Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes

Charles Gravier, Count of Vergennes (29 December 1719 – 13 February 1787) was a French statesman and diplomat.

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Charles Lee (general)

Charles Lee (– 2 October 1782) served as a general of the Continental Army during the American War of Independence.

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Charles Mawhood

Lt.

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Chesapeake Bay

The Chesapeake Bay is an estuary in the U.S. states of Maryland and Virginia.

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Continental Army

The Continental Army was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America.

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Daniel Morgan

Daniel Morgan (July 6, 1736 – July 6, 1802) was an American pioneer, soldier, and politician from Virginia.

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David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield

David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield (9 October 1727 – 1 September 1796), known as The Viscount Stormont from 1748 to 1793, was a British politician.

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Delaware River

The Delaware River is a major river on the Atlantic coast of the United States.

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Desertion

In military terminology, desertion is the abandonment of a duty or post without permission (a pass, liberty or leave) and is done with the intention of not returning.

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East River

The East River is a salt water tidal estuary in New York City.

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Edward Rutledge

Edward Rutledge (November 23, 1749 – January 23, 1800) was an American politician, and youngest signatory of the United States Declaration of Independence.

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Encirclement

Encirclement is a military term for the situation when a force or target is isolated and surrounded by enemy forces.

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Flanking maneuver

In military tactics, a flanking maneuver, or flanking manoeuvre is a movement of an armed force around a flank to achieve an advantageous position over an enemy.

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Flying Camp

A Flying Camp was a military formation employed by the Continental Army in the second half of 1776, during the American Revolutionary War.

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Forage War

The Forage War was a partisan campaign consisting of numerous small skirmishes that took place in New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War between January and March 1777, following the battles of Trenton and Princeton.

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Fort Lee Historic Park

Fort Lee Historic Park is located atop a bluff of the Hudson Palisades overlooking Burdett's Landing, known as Mount Constitution, in Fort Lee, New Jersey.

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Fort Washington (Manhattan)

Fort Washington was a fortified position near the north end of Manhattan Island (now part of the New York City neighborhood of Washington Heights) and was located at the highest point on the island.

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Fortification of Dorchester Heights

The Fortification of Dorchester Heights was a decisive action early in the American Revolutionary War that precipitated the end of the siege of Boston and the withdrawal of British troops from that city.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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France in the American Revolutionary War

French involvement in the American Revolutionary War began in 1775, when France, a rival of the British Empire, secretly shipped supplies to the Continental Army.

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Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel

Frederick II (Landgraf Friedrich II von Hessen-Kassel) (14 August 1720 – 31 October 1785) was Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) from 1760 to 1785.

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Frederick North, Lord North

Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford, (13 April 17325 August 1792), better known by his courtesy title Lord North, which he used from 1752 to 1790 was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782.

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George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville

George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville PC (26 January 1716 – 26 August 1785), styled The Honourable George Sackville until 1720, Lord George Sackville from 1720 to 1770 and Lord George Germain from 1770 to 1782, was a British soldier and politician who was Secretary of State for America in Lord North's cabinet during the American War of Independence.

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George III of the United Kingdom

George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death in 1820.

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George Washington

George Washington (February 22, 1732 –, 1799), known as the "Father of His Country," was an American soldier and statesman who served from 1789 to 1797 as the first President of the United States.

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George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River

George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, which occurred on the night of December 25–26, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War, was the first move in a surprise attack organized by George Washington against the Hessian forces in Trenton, New Jersey, on the morning of December 26.

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Halifax, Nova Scotia

Halifax, officially known as the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM), is the capital of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

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Henry Clinton (British Army officer, born 1730)

General Sir Henry Clinton, KB, MP (16 April 1730 – 23 December 1795) was a British army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1772 and 1795.

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Hessian (soldier)

Hessians were German soldiers who served as auxiliaries to the British Army during the American Revolutionary War.

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Horatio Gates

Horatio Lloyd Gates (July 26, 1727April 10, 1806) was a retired British soldier who served as an American general during the Revolutionary War.

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Hudson River

The Hudson River is a river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States.

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Hugh Mercer

Hugh Mercer (17 January 1726 – 12 January 1777) was a Scottish soldier and physician.

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Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland

Lieutenant General Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland (14 August 1742 – 10 July 1817) was an officer in the British army and later a British peer.

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Invasion of Quebec (1775)

The Invasion of Quebec in 1775 was the first major military initiative by the newly formed Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.

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Israel Putnam

Israel Putnam (January 7, 1718 – May 29, 1790) was an American army general officer, popularly known as Old Put, who fought with distinction at the Battle of Bunker Hill (1775) during the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783).

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James Grant (British Army officer, born 1720)

James Grant, Laird of Ballindalloch (1720–1806) was a British Army officer who served as a major general during the American War of Independence.

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Johann Rall

Johann Gottlieb Rall (also spelled Rahl) (ca. 1726 – December 27, 1776) was a German colonel best known for his command of Hessian troops at the Battle of Trenton during the American Revolutionary War.

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John Adams

John Adams (October 30 [O.S. October 19] 1735 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman and Founding Father who served as the first Vice President (1789–1797) and second President of the United States (1797–1801).

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John Burgoyne

General John Burgoyne (24 February 1722 – 4 August 1792) was a British army officer, dramatist and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1761 to 1792.

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John Cadwalader (general)

John Cadwalader (January 10, 1742 – February 10, 1786) was a commander of Pennsylvania troops during the American Revolutionary War.

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John Sullivan (general)

John Sullivan (February 17, 1740 – January 23, 1795) was an Irish-American General in the Revolutionary War, a delegate in the Continental Congress, Governor of New Hampshire and a United States federal judge.

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Joseph Reed (politician)

Joseph Reed (August 27, 1741March 5, 1785) was a lawyer, military officer and statesman of the Revolutionary Era who lived the majority of his life in Pennsylvania.

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Kingdom of Great Britain

The Kingdom of Great Britain, officially called simply Great Britain,Parliament of the Kingdom of England.

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Lake Champlain

Lake Champlain (French: Lac Champlain) (Abenaki: Pitawbagok) (Mohawk: Kaniatarakwà:ronte) is a natural freshwater lake in North America mainly within the borders of the United States (in the states of Vermont and New York) but partially situated across the Canada–U.S. border, in the Canadian province of Quebec.

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Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel

The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, was a state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor.

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Landing at Kip's Bay

The Landing at Kip's Bay was a British amphibious landing during the New York Campaign in the American Revolutionary War on September 15, 1776, occurring on the eastern shore of present-day Manhattan.

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Leopold Philip de Heister

Leopold Philip de Heister (1716 - 19 November 1777 Hesse-Cassel) was a Hessian general who fought for the British during the American Revolution.

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List of American Revolutionary War battles

This is a list of military actions in the American Revolutionary War.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Long Island

Long Island is a densely populated island off the East Coast of the United States, beginning at New York Harbor just 0.35 miles (0.56 km) from Manhattan Island and extending eastward into the Atlantic Ocean.

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Loyalist (American Revolution)

Loyalists were American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War, often called Tories, Royalists, or King's Men at the time.

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Manhattan

Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.

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Morningside Heights, Manhattan

Morningside Heights is a neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan in New York City, on the border of the Upper West Side and Harlem.

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Morristown National Historical Park

Morristown National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park, headquartered in Morristown, New Jersey, consisting of four sites important during the American Revolutionary War: Jockey Hollow, the Ford Mansion, Fort Nonsense and the New Jersey Brigade Encampment site.

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Morristown, New Jersey

Morristown is a town and county seat of Morris County, New Jersey, United States.

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Nathanael Greene

Nathanael Greene (June 19, 1786, sometimes misspelled Nathaniel) was a major general of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783).

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National Historic Landmark

A National Historic Landmark (NHL) is a building, district, object, site, or structure that is officially recognized by the United States government for its outstanding historical significance.

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New Brunswick, New Jersey

New Brunswick is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States, in the New York City metropolitan area.

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New England

New England is a geographical region comprising six states of the northeastern United States: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut.

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New Jersey

New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.

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New York (state)

New York is a state in the northeastern United States.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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New York Harbor

New York Harbor, part of the Port of New York and New Jersey, is at the mouth of the Hudson River where it empties into New York Bay and into the Atlantic Ocean at the East Coast of the United States.

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Newport, Rhode Island

Newport is a seaside city on Aquidneck Island in Newport County, Rhode Island, United States.

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North America

North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.

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Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga

The Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga consisted of a series of battles between American revolutionaries and British forces, from 1778 to 1782 during the American Revolutionary War.

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Order of the Bath

The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath) is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Parliament of the United Kingdom

The Parliament of the United Kingdom, commonly known as the UK Parliament or British Parliament, is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown dependencies and overseas territories.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Perth Amboy, New Jersey

Perth Amboy is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States.

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Philadelphia

Philadelphia is the largest city in the U.S. state and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the sixth-most populous U.S. city, with a 2017 census-estimated population of 1,580,863.

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Philadelphia campaign

The Philadelphia campaign (1777–1778) was a British initiative in the American Revolutionary War to gain control of Philadelphia, which was then the seat of the Second Continental Congress.

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Princeton Battlefield

The Princeton Battlefield in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States, is where American and British troops fought each other on January 3, 1777 in the Battle of Princeton during the American Revolutionary War.

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Princeton, New Jersey

Princeton is a municipality with a borough form of government in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States, that was established in its current form on January 1, 2013, through the consolidation of the Borough of Princeton and Princeton Township.

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Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont

The County of Waldeck (later the Principality of Waldeck and Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire and its successors from the late 12th century until 1929.

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Province of Quebec (1763–1791)

The Province of Quebec was a colony in North America created by Great Britain after the Seven Years' War.

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Pulitzer Prize for History

The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music.

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Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe

Admiral of the Fleet Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe, (8 March 1726 – 5 August 1799) was a British naval officer.

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Richard Prescott

Lieutenant General Richard Prescott (1725–1788) was a British officer, born in England.

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Robert Magaw

Robert Magaw (1738–1790) was a lawyer from Carlisle, Pennsylvania who served as a colonel in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.

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Saratoga campaign

The Saratoga Campaign in 1777 was an attempt by the British high command for North America to gain military control of the strategically important Hudson River valley during the American Revolutionary War.

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Saratoga, New York

Saratoga is a town in Saratoga County, New York, United States.

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Second Continental Congress

The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting in the spring of 1775 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

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Siege of Boston

The Siege of Boston (April 19, 1775 – March 17, 1776) was the opening phase of the American Revolutionary War.

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Siege of Yorktown

The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis.

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Staten Island

Staten Island is the southernmost and westernmost of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York.

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Staten Island Peace Conference

The Staten Island Peace Conference was a brief meeting held in the hope of bringing an end to the American Revolutionary War.

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Submarine

A submarine (or simply sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater.

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The American Crisis

The American Crisis is a pamphlet series by eighteenth century Enlightenment philosopher and author, Thomas Paine, originally published from 1776 to 1783 during the American Revolution.

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The Narrows

The Narrows is the tidal strait separating the boroughs of Staten Island and Brooklyn in New York City.

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Thomas Paine

Thomas Paine (born Thomas Pain; – In the contemporary record as noted by Conway, Paine's birth date is given as January 29, 1736–37. Common practice was to use a dash or a slash to separate the old-style year from the new-style year. In the old calendar, the new year began on March 25, not January 1. Paine's birth date, therefore, would have been before New Year, 1737. In the new style, his birth date advances by eleven days and his year increases by one to February 9, 1737. The O.S. link gives more detail if needed. – June 8, 1809) was an English-born American political activist, philosopher, political theorist and revolutionary.

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Trenton, New Jersey

Trenton is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County.

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Turtle (submersible)

Turtle (also called American Turtle) was the world's first submersible vessel with a documented record of use in combat.

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United States Army Center of Military History

The United States Army Center of Military History (CMH) is a directorate within the Office of the Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army.

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Virginia

Virginia (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.

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Washington's Crossing

Washington's Crossing is the location of Washington's crossing of the Delaware River on the night of December 25–26, 1776 in the American Revolutionary War.

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Washington's Crossing (book)

Washington's Crossing is a Pulitzer Prize-winning book written by David Hackett Fischer and part of the "Pivotal Moments in American History" series.

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Westchester County, New York

Westchester County is a county in the U.S. state of New York.

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White Plains, New York

White Plains is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States.

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Wilhelm von Knyphausen

Reichsfreiherr Wilhelm von Innhausen und KnyphausenSome documents produced after 1806 referred to him as Reichsfreiherr Wilhelm zu Innhausen und Knyphausen while some documents after 1919 use Wilhelm Reichsfreiherr zu Innhausen und Knyphausen. (4 November 1716 Lütetsburg, East Frisia – 7 December 1800 Kassel) was a general officer of Hesse-Kassel.

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William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe

General William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, KB, PC (10 August 1729 – 12 July 1814) was a British Army officer who rose to become Commander-in-Chief of British forces during the American War of Independence.

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Withdrawal (military)

A withdrawal is a type of military operation, generally meaning retreating forces back while maintaining contact with the enemy.

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1776 (book)

1776 (released in the United Kingdom as 1776: America and Britain At War) is a book written by David McCullough, first published by Simon & Schuster on May 24, 2005.

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Redirects here:

New Jersey Campaign, New Jersey campaign, New York Campaign, New York City Campaign, New York and New Jersey Campaign, New York and New Jersey campaigns, New York campaign, New York campaign of 1776, New york and new jersey campaign.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_and_New_Jersey_campaign

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