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106 relations: Abdul-Halim Sadulayev, Aero L-29 Delfín, Aero L-39 Albatros, Afghanistan, Akhmad Kadyrov, Akhmed Zakayev, Alexander Goldfarb (biologist), All-National Congress of the Chechen People, American Enterprise Institute, Anthem of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, Anti-Russian sentiment, Antonov An-22, Aslan Maskhadov, Assassination of Anna Politkovskaya, Battle of Grozny (1994–95), Battle of Grozny (1999–2000), Battle of Grozny (August 1996), Battle of Grozny (November 1994), Blood money (restitution), Borz, Caspian Sea, Caucasus, Caucasus Emirate, Chechen language, Chechen National Guard, Chechen naxar, Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Chechenpress, Chechnya, Constitution, Cyrillic script, Declaration of independence, Dissolution of the Soviet Union, Dokka Umarov, Dzhokhar Dudayev, East Prigorodny Conflict, Economy, Emir, Estonia, Federal Security Service, First Chechen War, Gennady Shpigun, Georgia (country), Georgian Civil War, Government in exile, Grozny, Gudermes, Guerrilla warfare, History of Chechnya, Hudud, ..., Islam and clothing, Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, Islamic republic, Khasavyurt Accord, Kidnapping, Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis, List of states with limited recognition, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17, Mil Mi-8, Mineralnye Vody, Moscow, Movladi Baisarov, Movladi Udugov, New Year's Eve, Osama bin Laden, Parliament of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, Pipeline transport, Poland, Presidency of George W. Bush, President of Ichkeria, Public execution, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Refugee camp, Republic, Republics of the Soviet Union, Ruslan Labazanov, Russia–Chechen Peace Treaty, Russian language, Russian ruble, Sabotage, Secession, Second Chechen War, Secularism, Shamil Basayev, Sharia, Shatoy ambush, Sovereignty, Soviet Union, State of emergency, Stoning, Sulim Yamadayev, Sunni Islam, Supreme Soviet, Taliban, Tupolev Tu-134, United Kingdom, Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, Vakha Arsanov, Vice President of Ichkeria, Vilayat Nokhchicho, Yamadayev, Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, 1998 abduction of foreign engineers in Chechnya. Expand index (56 more) »
Abdul-Halim Sadulayev
Abdul-Halim Salamovich Sadulayev (Chechen: Сайд-Iелийн Абусаламин кІант Iабдул-Хьалим Sadulin Abusalamin-Kant Abdulhalim, Russian: Абдул-Халим Саламович Сайдулаев Abdul-Khalim Salamovich Saydulayev) (2 June 1966 – 17 June 2006) was the fourth President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Aero L-29 Delfín
The Aero L-29 Delfín (Dolphin, NATO reporting name: Maya) is a military jet trainer developed and manufactured by Czechoslovakian aviation manufacturer Aero Vodochody.
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Aero L-39 Albatros
The Aero L-39 Albatros is a high-performance jet trainer developed in Czechoslovakia by Aero Vodochody.
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Afghanistan
Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.
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Akhmad Kadyrov
Akhmad Abdulkhamidovich Kadyrov (Ахмат Абдулхамидович Кадыров; Къадири lабдулхьамидан кlант Ахьмад-Хьажи; 23 August 1951 – 9 May 2004), also spelled Akhmat, was the Chief Mufti of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria in the 1990s during and after the First Chechen War.
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Akhmed Zakayev
Akhmed Halidovich Zakayev (Заки Хьалид кlант Ахьмад, Zaki Halid-khant Ahmad, Ахмед Халидович Закаев, Akhmed Khalidovich Zakayev; born 26 April 1959) is a former Deputy Prime Minister and Prime Minister of the unrecognised Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (ChRI).
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Alexander Goldfarb (biologist)
Alexander Davidovich Goldfarb (a.k.a. Alex Goldfarb, Александр Давидович Гольдфарб) (born 1947 in Moscow) is a Russian-American microbiologist, activist, and author.
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All-National Congress of the Chechen People
The All-National Congress of the Chechen People (NCChP) of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria came to power on 1 November 1991 under president Dzhokhar Dudayev, a former commander of the Soviet air force base in Tartu, Estonia.
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American Enterprise Institute
The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, known simply as the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), is a conservative think tank based in Washington, D.C. which researches government, politics, economics and social welfare.
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Anthem of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
“Death or Freedom” (Joƶalla ya marşo, Ӏожалла я маршо, عوٓجاللا يا مارشوٓ) was the national anthem of the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Anti-Russian sentiment
Anti-Russian sentiment or Russophobia is a diverse spectrum of negative feelings, dislikes, fears, aversion, derision and/or prejudice of Russia, Russians or Russian culture.
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Antonov An-22
The Antonov An-22 "Antei" (An-22 Antej; English Antheus) (NATO reporting name "Cock") is a heavy military transport aircraft designed by the Antonov Design Bureau in the Soviet Union.
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Aslan Maskhadov
Aslan (Khalid) Aliyevich Maskhadov (Chechen: Аслан Али кӏант Масхадан, Aslan Ali-khant Masxadaŋ, Russian: Аслан Алиевич Масхадов) (21 September 1951 – 8 March 2005) was a leader of the Chechen independence movement and the third President of the unrecognized Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Assassination of Anna Politkovskaya
On 7 October 2006, Russian journalist, writer and human rights activist Anna Politkovskaya (born 1958) was shot dead in the elevator of her apartment block in central Moscow.
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Battle of Grozny (1994–95)
The First Battle of Grozny was the Russian Army's invasion and subsequent conquest of the Chechen capital, Grozny, during the early months of the First Chechen War.
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Battle of Grozny (1999–2000)
The 1999–2000 battle of Grozny was the siege and assault of the Chechen capital Grozny by Russian forces, lasting from late 1999 to early 2000.
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Battle of Grozny (August 1996)
In the Battle of Grozny of August 1996 (also known as Operation Jihad or Operation Zero Option), Chechen rebels regained and then kept control of Chechnya's capital Grozny in a surprise raid.
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Battle of Grozny (November 1994)
The November 1994 Battle of Grozny was an attempt to oust the separatist Chechen government of Dzhokhar Dudayev, sponsored and aided by the government of the Russian Federation, by seizing the Chechen capital of Grozny.
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Blood money (restitution)
Blood money, also called bloodwit, is money or some sort of compensation paid by an offender (usually a murderer) or his/her family group to the family or kin group of the victim.
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Borz
The Borz (Борз, Chechen for "wolf") submachine gun is one of a number of improvised firearms produced in Chechnya.
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Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.
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Caucasus Emirate
The Caucasus Emirate (Имарат Кавказ Imarat Kavkaz (IK); Кавказский Эмират Kavkazskiy Emirat), also known as the Caucasian Emirate, was a militant Jihadist organisation active in the southwestern region of the Russian Federation.
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Chechen language
Chechen (нохчийн мотт / noxçiyn mott / نَاخچیین موٓتت / ნახჩიე მუოთთ, Nokhchiin mott) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by more than 1.4 million people, mostly in the Chechen Republic and by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia, Jordan, Central Asia (mainly Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan), and Georgia.
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Chechen National Guard
The Chechen National Guard was the army and air force of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Chechen naxar
The naxar (co-spelled nakhar or nahar) is the currency that Chechen separatists planned for the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, or Chechen-Ingush ASSR was an autonomous republic within the Russian SFSR.
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Chechenpress
State News Agency Chechenpress (SNA Chechenpress) is the news agency of the Chechen separatists who proclaim themselves to be the representatives of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Chechnya
The Chechen Republic (tɕɪˈtɕɛnskəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə; Нохчийн Республика, Noxçiyn Respublika), commonly referred to as Chechnya (p; Нохчийчоь, Noxçiyçö), is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia.
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Constitution
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.
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Cyrillic script
The Cyrillic script is a writing system used for various alphabets across Eurasia (particularity in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and North Asia).
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Declaration of independence
A declaration of independence or declaration of statehood is an assertion by a defined territory that it is independent and constitutes a state.
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Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union.
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Dokka Umarov
Doku Khamatovich Umarov (Ӏумар КӀант Доккa, 'Umar K'ant Dokka; Доку Хаматович Умаров, Doku Khamatovich Umarov); also known as Dokka Umarov as well as by his Arabized name of Dokka Abu Umar; (13 April 1964 – 7 September 2013) was a Chechen Islamic extremist militant in Russia.
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Dzhokhar Dudayev
Dzhokhar Musayevich Dudayev (Dudin Musa-khant Dƶoxar, Дудин Муса-кӀант Джохар; Джоха́р Муса́евич Дуда́ев; 15 February 1944 – 21 April 1996) was a Soviet Air Force general and Chechen leader, the first President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, a breakaway state in the North Caucasus.
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East Prigorodny Conflict
The East Prigorodny Conflict, also referred to as the Ossetian-Ingush Conflict, was an inter-ethnic conflict in the eastern part of the Prigorodny district in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, which started in 1989 and developed, in 1992, into a brief ethnic war between local Ingush and Ossetian paramilitary forces.
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Economy
An economy (from Greek οίκος – "household" and νέμoμαι – "manage") is an area of the production, distribution, or trade, and consumption of goods and services by different agents.
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Emir
An emir (أمير), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is an aristocratic or noble and military title of high office used in a variety of places in the Arab countries, West African, and Afghanistan.
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Estonia
Estonia (Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik), is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.
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Federal Security Service
The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB; fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnəjə ˈsluʐbə bʲɪzɐˈpasnəstʲɪ rɐˈsʲijskəj fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨjɪ) is the principal security agency of Russia and the main successor agency to the USSR's Committee of State Security (KGB).
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First Chechen War
The First Chechen War (Пе́рвая чече́нская война́), also known as the First Chechen Сampaign (Пе́рвая чече́нская кампа́ния) or First Russian-Chechen war, was a rebellion by the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria against the Russian Federation, fought from December 1994 to August 1996.
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Gennady Shpigun
General Gennady Nikolaevich Shpigun (Геннадий Николаевич Шпигун) (February 5, 1947 – ca. 2000) was the Russian Interior Ministry's special representative in Chechnya.
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Georgia (country)
Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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Georgian Civil War
The Georgian Civil War comprised inter-ethnic and intranational conflicts in the regions of South Ossetia (1988–1992) and Abkhazia (1992–1993), as well as the violent military coup d'état of December 22, 1991 – December 31, 1993, against the first democratically elected President of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia and his subsequent uprising in an attempt to regain power (1993). While the Gamsakhurdia rebellion was eventually defeated, the South Ossetia and Abkhazia conflicts resulted in the de facto secession of both regions from Georgia. As a result, both conflicts have lingered on, with occasional flare-ups.
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Government in exile
A government in exile is a political group which claims to be a country or semi-sovereign state's legitimate government, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in another state or foreign country.
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Grozny
Grozny (p; Соьлжа-ГӀала) is the capital city of the Chechen Republic, Russia.
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Gudermes
Gudermes (Гудерме́с; Гуьмсе, Gümse or Гутӏермаӏас, Guthermajas) is a town in the Chechen Republic, Russia, located on the Sunzha River east of Grozny, the republic's capital.
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Guerrilla warfare
Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.
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History of Chechnya
The history of Chechnya may refer to the history of the Chechens, of their land Chechnya, or of the land of Ichkeria.
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Hudud
Hudud (Arabic: حدود Ḥudūd, also transliterated hadud, hudood; plural of hadd, حد) is an Arabic word meaning "borders, boundaries, limits".
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Islam and clothing
Islam says that the believing women should lower their gaze, guard their modesty, not display their beauty and ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof; that they should draw their veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husband's fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers or their brothers' sons, or their sisters' sons, or their women, Foster brother, and that they should not strike their feet in order to draw attention to their hidden ornaments.
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Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (د افغانستان اسلامي امارات) was an Islamic state established in September 1996 when the Taliban began their rule of Afghanistan after the fall of Kabul.
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Islamic republic
An Islamic republic is the name given to several states that are officially ruled by Islamic laws, including the Islamic Republics of Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, and Mauritania.
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Khasavyurt Accord
Khasav-Yurt Accord (Хасавюртовские соглашения) was an agreement that marked the end of the First Chechen War, signed in Khasav-Yurt in Dagestan on August 30, 1996 between Alexander Lebed and Aslan Maskhadov.
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Kidnapping
In criminal law, kidnapping is the unlawful carrying away (asportation) and confinement of a person against his or her will.
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Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis
The Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis, known in Russia as the terrorist act in Kizlyar (Террористический акт в Кизляре), occurred in January 1996 during the First Chechen War.
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List of states with limited recognition
A number of polities have declared independence and sought diplomatic recognition from the international community as de jure sovereign states, but have not been universally recognised as such.
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Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-15; USAF/DoD designation: Type 14; NATO reporting name: Fagot) is a jet fighter aircraft developed by Mikoyan-Gurevich for the Soviet Union.
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Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 (Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-17; NATO reporting name: Fresco) is a high-subsonic fighter aircraft produced in the USSR from 1952 and operated by numerous air forces in many variants.
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Mil Mi-8
The Mil Mi-8 (Ми-8, NATO reporting name: Hip) is a medium twin-turbine helicopter, originally designed by the Soviet Union, and now produced by Russia.
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Mineralnye Vody
Mineralnye Vody (p; lit. mineral waters) is a town in Stavropol Krai, Russia, located along the Kuma River and the main rail line between Rostov-on-Don in Russia and Baku in Azerbaijan.
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Moscow
Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.
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Movladi Baisarov
Movladi Baisarov (1966 - November 18, 2006) was a Chechen warlord and former Federal Security Service (FSB) special-task unit commander.
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Movladi Udugov
Movladi Saidarbievich Udugov (Мовлади Саидарбиевич Удугов; born February 9, 1962 in Germenchuk, Shalinsky District, Chechnya into the Shirdi teip) is an activist and the former First Deputy Prime Minister of the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (ChRI).
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New Year's Eve
In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on 31 December which is the seventh day of Christmastide.
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Osama bin Laden
Usama ibn Mohammed ibn Awad ibn Ladin (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن), often anglicized as Osama bin Laden (March 10, 1957 – May 2, 2011), was a founder of, the organization responsible for the September 11 attacks in the United States and many other mass-casualty attacks worldwide.
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Parliament of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Parliament of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria was the legislative body of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Pipeline transport
Pipeline transport is the transportation of goods or material through a pipe.
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Poland
Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.
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Presidency of George W. Bush
The presidency of George W. Bush began at noon EST on January 20, 2001, when George W. Bush was inaugurated as 43rd President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 2009.
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President of Ichkeria
This is a list of Presidents of the unrecognised Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, a pro-independence movement that controlled most of Chechnya from 1991 to 1999 (see First Chechen War, Second Chechen War).
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Public execution
A public execution is a form of capital punishment which "members of the general public may voluntarily attend." This definition excludes the presence of a small number of witnesses randomly selected to assure executive accountability.
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Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a broadcasting organization that broadcasts and reports news, information, and analysis to countries in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East where it says that "the free flow of information is either banned by government authorities or not fully developed".
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Refugee camp
A refugee camp is a temporary settlement built to receive refugees and people in refugee-like situations.
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Republic
A republic (res publica) is a form of government in which the country is considered a "public matter", not the private concern or property of the rulers.
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Republics of the Soviet Union
The Republics of the Soviet Union or the Union Republics (r) of the Soviet Union were ethnically based proto-states that were subordinated directly to the Government of the Soviet Union.
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Ruslan Labazanov
Ruslan Labazanov (1967–1996) was a notorious criminal boss of the Chechen mafia and head of a Chechen armed faction, held by some as an example of a modern abrek (bandit hero).
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Russia–Chechen Peace Treaty
Russian-Chechen Peace Treaty, also known as the Moscow Peace Treaty, was a formal peace treaty "on peace and the principles of Russian-Chechen relations" following the First Chechen War of 1994-1996.
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Russian language
Russian (rússkiy yazýk) is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
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Russian ruble
The Russian ruble or rouble (рубль rublʹ, plural: рубли́ rubli; sign: ₽, руб; code: RUB) is the currency of the Russian Federation, the two partially recognized republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia and the two unrecognized republics of Donetsk and Luhansk.
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Sabotage
Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, effort or organization through subversion, obstruction, disruption or destruction.
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Secession
Secession (derived from the Latin term secessio) is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance.
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Second Chechen War
Second Chechen War (Втора́я чече́нская война́), also known as the Second Chechen Сampaign (Втора́я чече́нская кампа́ния), was an armed conflict on the territory of Chechnya and the border regions of the North Caucasus between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, also with militants of various Islamist groups, fought from August 1999 to April 2009.
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Secularism
Secularism is the principle of the separation of government institutions and persons mandated to represent the state from religious institution and religious dignitaries (the attainment of such is termed secularity).
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Shamil Basayev
Shamil Salmanovich Basayev (Шамиль Басаев, Шамиль Салманович Басаев; 14 January 1965 – 10 July 2006) was a Chechen General militant Islamist and a leader of the Chechen movement.
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Sharia
Sharia, Sharia law, or Islamic law (شريعة) is the religious law forming part of the Islamic tradition.
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Shatoy ambush
The Shatoy ambush (known in Russia as the Battle of Yaryshmardy) was an April 16, 1996, attack by forces of the Arab-born commander Ibn al-Khattab near the town of Shatoy in the southern mountains of Chechnya, during the First Chechen War.
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Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
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State of emergency
A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to perform actions that it would normally not be permitted.
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Stoning
Stoning, or lapidation, is a method of capital punishment whereby a group throws stones at a person until the subject dies.
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Sulim Yamadayev
Sulim Bekmirzayevich Yamadayev (21 June 1973 – 30 March 2009) was a Chechen rebel commander from the First Chechen War who had switched sides together with his brothers Dzhabrail, Badrudi, Isa and Ruslan in 1999 during the outbreak of the Second Chechen War.
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Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.
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Supreme Soviet
The Supreme Soviet (Верховный Совет, Verkhóvnyj Sovét, literally "Supreme Council") was the common name for the legislative bodies (parliaments) of the Soviet socialist republics (SSR) in the Soviet Union.
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Taliban
The Taliban (طالبان "students"), alternatively spelled Taleban, which refers to itself as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA), is a Sunni Islamic fundamentalist political movement in Afghanistan currently waging war (an insurgency, or jihad) within that country.
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Tupolev Tu-134
The Tupolev Tu-134 (NATO reporting name: Crusty) is a twin-engined, narrow-body, jet airliner built in the Soviet Union from 1966 to 1989.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO) is an international pro-democracy organization.
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Vakha Arsanov
Vakha Arsanov (Russian: Ваха Арсанов; 1950–2005) was a vice president in the Aslan Maskhadov government of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
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Vice President of Ichkeria
Vice President of Ichkeria was the deputy and the first successor of the President of Ichkeria, replacing the latter in case of death, temporary disability or illness.
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Vilayat Nokhchicho
The Province of Nokhchicho (Vilayat Noxçiyçö, Вилаят Нохчийчоь) is the Chechen-based wing of the Caucasus Emirate organisation.
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Yamadayev
Yamadayev is a Chechen surname, most famously attributed to the Yamadayev brothers.
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Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev
Zelimkhan Abdulmuslimovich Yandarbiyev (Яндарбин Абдулмуслиман-кIант Зелимхан Yandarbin Abdulmusliman-khant Zelimxan, Зелимхан Абдулмуслимович Яндарбиев, also spelled Yandarbiev) (September 12, 1952 – February 13, 2004) was a Chechen writer and a politician, who served as acting president of the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria between 1996 and 1997.
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Zviad Gamsakhurdia
Zviad Gamsakhurdia (ზვიად გამსახურდია, tr. Zviad K'onst'ant'ines dze Gamsakhurdia; Звиа́д Константи́нович Гамсаху́рдия, tr. Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdiya; March 31, 1939 – December 31, 1993) was a Georgian politician, dissident, scholar, and writer who became the first democratically elected President of Georgia in the post-Soviet era.
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1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt
The 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, also known as the August Coup (r "August Putsch"), was an attempt by members of the Soviet Union's government to take control of the country from Soviet President and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev.
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1998 abduction of foreign engineers in Chechnya
The 1998 abduction of foreign engineers took place when four United Kingdom-based specialists were seized by unidentified Chechen gunmen in Grozny, the capital of the unrecognized secessionist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (ChRI).
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Redirects here:
Chechen republic of ichkeria, Chechen separatist, Chechen separatists, East west cali, Republic of Ichkeria.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria
