Logo
Unionpedia
Communication
Get it on Google Play
New! Download Unionpedia on your Android™ device!
Download
Faster access than browser!
 

Russian language

Index Russian language

Russian (rússkiy yazýk) is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia. [1]

364 relations: A (Cyrillic), Acute accent, Affricate consonant, Alaska, Aleut, Alexander Griboyedov, Alexander Pushkin, Allophone, Alveolar consonant, Alveolar ridge, Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Antarctic Treaty Secretariat, Apollo–Soyuz Test Project, Approximant consonant, Arabic, Argot, Armenia, Astronaut, Austria, Autonomous republic, Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Azerbaijan, Balachka, Baltic states, Balto-Slavic languages, Be (Cyrillic), Belarus, Belarusian language, Belgium, Bering Island, Bernard Comrie, Boston, Brighton Beach, Calque, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Canada, Caucasus, Central Asia, Central Federal District, Central Russian dialects, Character encoding, Che (Cyrillic), Chicago, China, Chinese language, Christianity, Church Slavonic language, City with special status, Clash of Civilizations, ..., Cleveland, Close vowel, Code page 866, Code Project, Collective Security Treaty Organization, Comecon, Commonwealth of Independent States, Communist state, Computer Russification, Consonant, Constanța County, Constitution of Belarus, Constitution of Kazakhstan, Constitution of Kyrgyzstan, Constitution of Tajikistan, Constitution of Ukraine, Cossacks, Council of Europe, Crimea, Cyrillic script, De (Cyrillic), De facto standard, Debuccalization, Defense Language Institute, Dental consonant, Denver, Dialectology, Diglossia, Diphthong, Dissolution of the Soviet Union, Dmitry Ushakov, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Donetsk Oblast, Dutch language, E (Cyrillic), Early Cyrillic alphabet, East Slavic languages, East Slavs, Eastern Europe, Ef (Cyrillic), El (Cyrillic), Em (Cyrillic), En (Cyrillic), English language, Er (Cyrillic), Es (Cyrillic), Estonia, Ethnic enclave, Eurasian Economic Community, Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, Federal cities of Russia, Federal subjects of Russia, Fenya, Finland, Finnmark, First language, Food and Agriculture Organization, Foreign policy of the United States, Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, France, French language, Fricative consonant, Fusional language, Gagauzia, Gallup (company), Ge (Cyrillic), Geographical distribution of Russian speakers, Georgia (country), German language, German-Russian macaronic language, Germany, Golden Horde, Government of the Soviet Union, Grammatical aspect in Slavic languages, Grammatical case, Grammatical tense, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Moscow, Great Russian language, Greece, Greek alphabet, Greek language, GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, Hard sign, Hebrew language, Heilongjiang, History of the Russian language, History of the Russians in Baltimore, Homograph, I (Cyrillic), Iconv, Indo-European languages, Inflection, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Criminal Court, International Fund for Agricultural Development, International Mathematical Olympiad, International Monetary Fund, International Olympic Committee, International Organization for Standardization, International Phonetic Alphabet, International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, International Space Station, International Telecommunication Union, Irish language, ISO/IEC 8859-5, Israel, Israel Plus, Italian language, Italy, Japanese language, Jews, Ka (Cyrillic), Kazakh language, Kazakhstan, Kha (Cyrillic), Kharkiv Oblast, Kherson Oblast, Kievan Rus', KOI8-R, Kola Peninsula, Kuban, Kyrgyzstan, Labial consonant, Languages used on the Internet, Latin, Latvia, Lenition, Leo Tolstoy, Lexicon, Lingua franca, Linux, List of English words of Russian origin, List of languages by number of native speakers, List of languages by total number of speakers, List of Russian explorers, List of Russian language topics, List of territorial entities where Russian is an official language, Lists of languages by number of speakers, Lithuania, Los Angeles, Luhansk Oblast, Macaronic language, Macintosh, Mass media, Medieval Greek, Medny Aleut language, Miami, Microsoft Windows, Mikhail Lermontov, Mikhail Lomonosov, Minimal pair, Ministry of Education and Science (Russia), Mixed language, Moldova, Mongolia, Monterey, California, Moscow, MS-DOS, Mykolaiv Oblast, NASA, Nasal consonant, Nashville, Tennessee, Nganasan people, Nikolai Gogol, North America, Northern Russian dialects, Northwestern Federal District, Norway, Norwegian language, O (Cyrillic), Odessa Oblast, Official language, Official languages of the United Nations, Ogg, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Old Novgorod dialect, Oleg Trubachyov, Operating system, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Orthography, OS/2, Oxford University Press, Padonkaffsky jargon, Palatal consonant, Palatalization (phonetics), Pe (Cyrillic), Persian language, Peter the Great, Philadelphia, Phoneme, Pidgin, Polesia, Polish language, Portugal, Post-Soviet states, Postalveolar consonant, Prefix, Proto-Slavic, Runet, Runglish, Russenorsk, Russia, Russian Academy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian alphabet, Russian Americans in New York City, Russian Braille, Russian Census (2002), Russian Census (2010), Russian language in Israel, Russian Language Institute, Russian literature, Russian Orthodox Church, Russian phonology, Russians, Rusyn language, Ruthenia, Ruthenian language, Samuel P. Huntington, San Francisco, Schwa, Seattle, Second language, Secondary articulation, Semivowel, Sergey Ozhegov, Sevastopol, Sha (Cyrillic), Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Shcha, Short I, Slang, Slavic languages, Slavic second palatalization, Slavic Voice of America, Slavs, Soft sign, South Slavic languages, Southern Russian dialects, Soviet Union, Spain, Spelling rule, Spokane, Washington, Spoken language, Stop consonant, Stress (linguistics), Surzhyk, Syllable, Synthetic language, Taimyr Pidgin Russian, Tajikistan, Te (Cyrillic), Terek River, The New York Times, Tomasz Kamusella, Toronto, Trasianka, Trill consonant, Ts–ch merger, Tse (Cyrillic), Tulcea County, Turkic languages, Turkmenistan, U (Cyrillic), Ukraine, Ukrainian language, Ukrinform, UNESCO, Unicode, United Kingdom, United Nations, United States, United States Census, United States Intelligence Community, Universal Postal Union, Uralic languages, Ushakov Dictionary, UTF-8, Uzbekistan, Ve (Cyrillic), Velar consonant, Velarization, Vernacular, Vladimir Dal, Vocabulary, Voiced velar fricative, Volga River, Vowel, Vowel reduction, Vowel reduction in Russian, War and Peace, Warsaw Pact, Website, Western Europe, Wiley-Blackwell, World Bank, World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization, World Meteorological Organization, Ya (Cyrillic), Ye (Cyrillic), Yer, Yery, Yo (Cyrillic), Yu (Cyrillic), Zaporizhia Oblast, Ze (Cyrillic), Zhe (Cyrillic), .ru, .su, 1977 Soviet Constitution. Expand index (314 more) »

A (Cyrillic)

A (А а; italics: А а) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and A (Cyrillic) · See more »

Acute accent

The acute accent (´) is a diacritic used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin, Cyrillic, and Greek scripts.

New!!: Russian language and Acute accent · See more »

Affricate consonant

An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal).

New!!: Russian language and Affricate consonant · See more »

Alaska

Alaska (Alax̂sxax̂) is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.

New!!: Russian language and Alaska · See more »

Aleut

The Aleuts (Алеу́ты Aleuty), who are usually known in the Aleut language by the endonyms Unangan (eastern dialect), Unangas (western dialect), Alaska Native Language Center.

New!!: Russian language and Aleut · See more »

Alexander Griboyedov

Alexander Sergeyevich Griboyedov (Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Грибое́дов, Aleksándr Sergeyevich Griboyedov or Sergéevich Griboédov; 15 January 179511 February 1829), formerly romanized as Alexander Sergueevich Griboyedoff, was a Russian diplomat, playwright, poet, and composer.

New!!: Russian language and Alexander Griboyedov · See more »

Alexander Pushkin

Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (a) was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic eraBasker, Michael.

New!!: Russian language and Alexander Pushkin · See more »

Allophone

In phonology, an allophone (from the ἄλλος, állos, "other" and φωνή, phōnē, "voice, sound") is one of a set of multiple possible spoken sounds, or phones, or signs used to pronounce a single phoneme in a particular language.

New!!: Russian language and Allophone · See more »

Alveolar consonant

Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth.

New!!: Russian language and Alveolar consonant · See more »

Alveolar ridge

The alveolar ridge (also known as the alveolar margin) is one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth.

New!!: Russian language and Alveolar ridge · See more »

Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

The Crimean peninsula was annexed from Ukraine by the Russian Federation in February–March 2014.

New!!: Russian language and Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation · See more »

Antarctic Treaty Secretariat

The Antarctic Treaty Secretariat (ATS) is an organization created in 2003 by the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM) for the management of several ATCM tasks such as the support of the annual meeting of signatory countries of the Antarctic Treaty, and the publication of the ATCM annual report.

New!!: Russian language and Antarctic Treaty Secretariat · See more »

Apollo–Soyuz Test Project

The Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) (Экспериментальный полёт «Аполлон» - «Союз» (ЭПАС), Eksperimentalniy polyot Apollon-Soyuz, lit. "Experimental flight Apollo-Soyuz", commonly referred to by the Soviets as "Soyuz-Apollo"), conducted in July 1975, was the first joint U.S.–Soviet space flight, as a symbol of the policy of détente that the two superpowers were pursuing at the time.

New!!: Russian language and Apollo–Soyuz Test Project · See more »

Approximant consonant

Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.

New!!: Russian language and Approximant consonant · See more »

Arabic

Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.

New!!: Russian language and Arabic · See more »

Argot

An argot (from French argot 'slang') is a secret language used by various groups—e.g., schoolmates, outlaws, colleagues, among many others—to prevent outsiders from understanding their conversations.

New!!: Russian language and Argot · See more »

Armenia

Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.

New!!: Russian language and Armenia · See more »

Astronaut

An astronaut or cosmonaut is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft.

New!!: Russian language and Astronaut · See more »

Austria

Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Austria · See more »

Autonomous republic

An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province or state.

New!!: Russian language and Autonomous republic · See more »

Autonomous Republic of Crimea

The Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Автономна Республіка Крим, Avtonomna Respublika Krym; Автономная Республика Крым, Avtonomnaya Respublika Krym; Qırım Muhtar Cumhuriyeti, Къырым Мухтар Джумхуриети, Ҡырым Мухтар Җумхуриети) was an autonomous republic of Ukraine, encompassing most of Crimea, that was annexed by the Russian Federation in 2014.

New!!: Russian language and Autonomous Republic of Crimea · See more »

Azerbaijan

No description.

New!!: Russian language and Azerbaijan · See more »

Balachka

Balachka is a term used to label the dialects spoken by Cossacks living in Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Balachka · See more »

Baltic states

The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations or simply the Baltics (Balti riigid, Baltimaad, Baltijas valstis, Baltijos valstybės), is a geopolitical term used for grouping the three sovereign countries in Northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

New!!: Russian language and Baltic states · See more »

Balto-Slavic languages

The Balto-Slavic languages are a branch of the Indo-European family of languages.

New!!: Russian language and Balto-Slavic languages · See more »

Be (Cyrillic)

Be (Б б italics: Б б б) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Be (Cyrillic) · See more »

Belarus

Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.

New!!: Russian language and Belarus · See more »

Belarusian language

Belarusian (беларуская мова) is an official language of Belarus, along with Russian, and is spoken abroad, mainly in Ukraine and Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Belarusian language · See more »

Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.

New!!: Russian language and Belgium · See more »

Bering Island

Bering Island (о́стров Бе́ринга, ostrov Beringa) is located off the Kamchatka Peninsula in the Bering Sea.

New!!: Russian language and Bering Island · See more »

Bernard Comrie

Bernard S. Comrie, (born 23 May 1947) is a British-born linguist.

New!!: Russian language and Bernard Comrie · See more »

Boston

Boston is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.

New!!: Russian language and Boston · See more »

Brighton Beach

Brighton Beach is an oceanside neighborhood in the southern portion of the New York City borough of Brooklyn, along the Coney Island peninsula.

New!!: Russian language and Brighton Beach · See more »

Calque

In linguistics, a calque or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word or root-for-root translation.

New!!: Russian language and Calque · See more »

Cambridge

Cambridge is a university city and the county town of Cambridgeshire, England, on the River Cam approximately north of London.

New!!: Russian language and Cambridge · See more »

Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.

New!!: Russian language and Cambridge University Press · See more »

Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

New!!: Russian language and Canada · See more »

Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.

New!!: Russian language and Caucasus · See more »

Central Asia

Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north.

New!!: Russian language and Central Asia · See more »

Central Federal District

The Central Federal District (p) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Central Federal District · See more »

Central Russian dialects

Central or Middle Russian dialects is one of the main groups of the Russian dialects.

New!!: Russian language and Central Russian dialects · See more »

Character encoding

Character encoding is used to represent a repertoire of characters by some kind of encoding system.

New!!: Russian language and Character encoding · See more »

Che (Cyrillic)

Che or Cha (Ч ч; italics: Ч ч) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Che (Cyrillic) · See more »

Chicago

Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third most populous city in the United States, after New York City and Los Angeles.

New!!: Russian language and Chicago · See more »

China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

New!!: Russian language and China · See more »

Chinese language

Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.

New!!: Russian language and Chinese language · See more »

Christianity

ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός Khristós (Latinized as Christus), translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, meaning "the anointed one", with the Latin suffixes -ian and -itas.

New!!: Russian language and Christianity · See more »

Church Slavonic language

Church Slavonic, also known as Church Slavic, New Church Slavonic or New Church Slavic, is the conservative Slavic liturgical language used by the Orthodox Church in Bulgaria, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Russia, Belarus, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Macedonia and Ukraine.

New!!: Russian language and Church Slavonic language · See more »

City with special status

City with special status (місто зі спеціальним статусом) (formerly, "city of republican subordinance") refers to two of Ukraine's 27 administrative regions, which are the cities of Kiev and Sevastopol.

New!!: Russian language and City with special status · See more »

Clash of Civilizations

The Clash of Civilizations is a hypothesis that people's cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world.

New!!: Russian language and Clash of Civilizations · See more »

Cleveland

Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio, and the county seat of Cuyahoga County.

New!!: Russian language and Cleveland · See more »

Close vowel

A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in American terminology), is any in a class of vowel sound used in many spoken languages.

New!!: Russian language and Close vowel · See more »

Code page 866

Code page 866 (CP 866; Альтернативная кодировка) is a code page used under DOS and OS/2 to write Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Code page 866 · See more »

Code Project

Code Project (formerly The Code Project) is a community for computer programmers with articles on different topics and programming languages such as web development, software development, C++, Java, and other topics.

New!!: Russian language and Code Project · See more »

Collective Security Treaty Organization

The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO; Организация Договора о Коллективной Безопасности, Organizacija Dogovora o Kollektivnoj Bezopasnosti, ODKB) is an intergovernmental military alliance that was signed on 15 May 1992.

New!!: Russian language and Collective Security Treaty Organization · See more »

Comecon

The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (English abbreviation COMECON, CMEA, or CAME) was an economic organization from 1949 to 1991 under the leadership of the Soviet Union that comprised the countries of the Eastern Bloc along with a number of communist states elsewhere in the world.

New!!: Russian language and Comecon · See more »

Commonwealth of Independent States

The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS; r), also nicknamed the Russian Commonwealth (in order to distinguish it from the Commonwealth of Nations), is a political and economic intergovernmental organization of nine member states and one associate member, all of which are former Soviet Republics located in Eurasia (primarily in Central to North Asia), formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

New!!: Russian language and Commonwealth of Independent States · See more »

Communist state

A Communist state (sometimes referred to as workers' state) is a state that is administered and governed by a single party, guided by Marxist–Leninist philosophy, with the aim of achieving communism.

New!!: Russian language and Communist state · See more »

Computer Russification

In computing, Russification involves the localization of computers and software, allowing the user interface of a computer and its software to communicate in the Russian language using Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Computer Russification · See more »

Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.

New!!: Russian language and Consonant · See more »

Constanța County

Constanța is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the Dobruja region.

New!!: Russian language and Constanța County · See more »

Constitution of Belarus

The Constitution of the Republic of Belarus (Канстытуцыя Рэспублікі Беларусь, Конституция Республики Беларусь) is the ultimate law of Belarus.

New!!: Russian language and Constitution of Belarus · See more »

Constitution of Kazakhstan

The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Қазақстан Республикасының Конституциясы, Qazaqstan Respy'bli'kasynyn' Konsti'ty'ci'i'asy; Конституция Республики Казахстан, Konstitutsuya Respubliki Kazakhstan) is the highest law of Kazakhstan, as stated in Article 4.

New!!: Russian language and Constitution of Kazakhstan · See more »

Constitution of Kyrgyzstan

The current constitution of Kyrgyzstan was passed by referendum on June 27, 2010, replacing the previous constitution.

New!!: Russian language and Constitution of Kyrgyzstan · See more »

Constitution of Tajikistan

The Constitution of Tajikistan adopted on 6 November 1994 and amended by referendum on 26 September 1999 and 22 June 2003 is the supreme law of the Republic of Tajikistan (Article 10).

New!!: Russian language and Constitution of Tajikistan · See more »

Constitution of Ukraine

The Constitution of Ukraine (Конституція України) is the nation's fundamental law.

New!!: Russian language and Constitution of Ukraine · See more »

Cossacks

Cossacks (козаки́, translit, kozaky, казакi, kozacy, Czecho-Slovak: kozáci, kozákok Pronunciations.

New!!: Russian language and Cossacks · See more »

Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe) is an international organisation whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Council of Europe · See more »

Crimea

Crimea (Крым, Крим, Krym; Krym; translit;; translit) is a peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea in Eastern Europe that is almost completely surrounded by both the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast.

New!!: Russian language and Crimea · See more »

Cyrillic script

The Cyrillic script is a writing system used for various alphabets across Eurasia (particularity in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and North Asia).

New!!: Russian language and Cyrillic script · See more »

De (Cyrillic)

De (Д д; italics: Д д) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and De (Cyrillic) · See more »

De facto standard

A standard is a custom or convention that has achieved a dominant position by public acceptance or market forces (for example, by early entrance to the market).

New!!: Russian language and De facto standard · See more »

Debuccalization

Debuccalization is a sound change in which an oral consonant loses its original place of articulation and moves it to the glottis (usually,, or). The pronunciation of a consonant as is sometimes called aspiration but in phonetics, aspiration is the burst of air accompanying a stop.

New!!: Russian language and Debuccalization · See more »

Defense Language Institute

The Defense Language Institute (DLI) is a United States Department of Defense (DoD) educational and research institution consisting of two separate entities which provide linguistic and cultural instruction to the Department of Defense, other Federal Agencies and numerous customers around the world.

New!!: Russian language and Defense Language Institute · See more »

Dental consonant

A dental consonant is a consonant articulated with the tongue against the upper teeth, such as,,, and in some languages.

New!!: Russian language and Dental consonant · See more »

Denver

Denver, officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado.

New!!: Russian language and Denver · See more »

Dialectology

Dialectology (from Greek διάλεκτος, dialektos, "talk, dialect"; and -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of linguistic dialect, a sub-field of sociolinguistics.

New!!: Russian language and Dialectology · See more »

Diglossia

In linguistics, diglossia is a situation in which two dialects or languages are used by a single language community.

New!!: Russian language and Diglossia · See more »

Diphthong

A diphthong (or; from Greek: δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally "two sounds" or "two tones"), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable.

New!!: Russian language and Diphthong · See more »

Dissolution of the Soviet Union

The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union.

New!!: Russian language and Dissolution of the Soviet Union · See more »

Dmitry Ushakov

Dmitry Nikolayevich Ushakov (Дмитрий Николаевич Ушаков; January 24, 1873 – April 17, 1942) was a Russian philologist and lexicographer.

New!!: Russian language and Dmitry Ushakov · See more »

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Дніпропетро́вська о́бласть, Dnipropetrovs'ka oblast or Дніпропетровщина, Dnipropetrovshchyna, Днепропетро́вская о́бласть) is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country.

New!!: Russian language and Dnipropetrovsk Oblast · See more »

Donetsk Oblast

Donetsk Oblast (Доне́цька о́бласть, Donets'ka oblast', also referred to as Donechchyna, Донеччина Donechchyna, Доне́цкая о́бласть, Donetskaya oblast) is an oblast (province) of eastern Ukraine.

New!!: Russian language and Donetsk Oblast · See more »

Dutch language

The Dutch language is a West Germanic language, spoken by around 23 million people as a first language (including the population of the Netherlands where it is the official language, and about sixty percent of Belgium where it is one of the three official languages) and by another 5 million as a second language.

New!!: Russian language and Dutch language · See more »

E (Cyrillic)

E (Э э; italics:; also known as backwards e, from Russian э оборо́тное, e oborótnoye) is a letter found in two Slavic languages: Russian and Belarusian.

New!!: Russian language and E (Cyrillic) · See more »

Early Cyrillic alphabet

The Early Cyrillic alphabet is a writing system that was developed during the late ninth century on the basis of the Greek alphabet for the Orthodox Slavic population in Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Early Cyrillic alphabet · See more »

East Slavic languages

The East Slavic languages constitute one of three regional subgroups of Slavic languages, currently spoken throughout Eastern Europe, Northern Asia, and the Caucasus.

New!!: Russian language and East Slavic languages · See more »

East Slavs

The East Slavs are Slavic peoples speaking the East Slavic languages.

New!!: Russian language and East Slavs · See more »

Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

New!!: Russian language and Eastern Europe · See more »

Ef (Cyrillic)

Ef (Ф ф; italics: Ф ф) is a Cyrillic letter, commonly representing the voiceless labiodental fricative, like the pronunciation of in "fill".

New!!: Russian language and Ef (Cyrillic) · See more »

El (Cyrillic)

El (Л л; italics: Л л) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and El (Cyrillic) · See more »

Em (Cyrillic)

Em (М м; italics: М м) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Em (Cyrillic) · See more »

En (Cyrillic)

En (Н н; italics: Н н) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and En (Cyrillic) · See more »

English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

New!!: Russian language and English language · See more »

Er (Cyrillic)

Er (Р р; italics: Р р) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Er (Cyrillic) · See more »

Es (Cyrillic)

Es (С с; italics: С с) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Es (Cyrillic) · See more »

Estonia

Estonia (Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik), is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Estonia · See more »

Ethnic enclave

In sociology, an ethnic enclave is a geographic area with high ethnic concentration, characteristic cultural identity, and economic activity.

New!!: Russian language and Ethnic enclave · See more »

Eurasian Economic Community

The Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC or EurAsEC) was a regional organisation between 2000 and 2014 which aimed for the economic integration of its member states.

New!!: Russian language and Eurasian Economic Community · See more »

Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language

The Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language (Толко́вый слова́рь живо́го великору́сского языка́), commonly known as Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary (Толко́вый слова́рь Да́ля), is a major explanatory dictionary of the Russian language.

New!!: Russian language and Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language · See more »

Federal cities of Russia

A city of federal importance (r) or federal city in Russia is a city that has a status of both an inhabited locality and a constituent federal subject.

New!!: Russian language and Federal cities of Russia · See more »

Federal subjects of Russia

The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation (субъекты Российской Федерации subyekty Rossiyskoy Federatsii) or simply as the subjects of the federation (субъекты федерации subyekty federatsii), are the constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political divisions according to the Constitution of Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Federal subjects of Russia · See more »

Fenya

Fenya (p) or fenka (p) is a Russian cant language used among criminals.

New!!: Russian language and Fenya · See more »

Finland

Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.

New!!: Russian language and Finland · See more »

Finnmark

Finnmark (italic; Finnmark; Фи́ннмарк, Fínnmark) is a county ("fylke") in the extreme northeastern part of Norway.

New!!: Russian language and Finnmark · See more »

First language

A first language, native language or mother/father/parent tongue (also known as arterial language or L1) is a language that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.

New!!: Russian language and First language · See more »

Food and Agriculture Organization

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Alimentazione e l'Agricoltura) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.

New!!: Russian language and Food and Agriculture Organization · See more »

Foreign policy of the United States

The foreign policy of the United States is its interactions with foreign nations and how it sets standards of interaction for its organizations, corporations and system citizens of the United States.

New!!: Russian language and Foreign policy of the United States · See more »

Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities

The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (FCNM) is a multilateral treaty of the Council of Europe aimed at protecting the rights of minorities.

New!!: Russian language and Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities · See more »

France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

New!!: Russian language and France · See more »

French language

French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

New!!: Russian language and French language · See more »

Fricative consonant

Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

New!!: Russian language and Fricative consonant · See more »

Fusional language

Fusional languages or inflected languages are a type of synthetic languages, distinguished from agglutinative languages by their tendency to use a single inflectional morpheme to denote multiple grammatical, syntactic, or semantic features.

New!!: Russian language and Fusional language · See more »

Gagauzia

Gagauzia (Gagauziya or Gagauz Yeri; Găgăuzia; Гагаузия, Gagaúzija), formally known as the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia (Gagauz Yeri) (Avtonom Territorial Bölümlüü Gagauz Yeri; Unitatea Teritorială Autonomă Găgăuzia; Автономное территориальное образование Гагаузия, Avtonomnoje territoriaľnoje obrazovanije Gagauzija), is an autonomous region of Moldova.

New!!: Russian language and Gagauzia · See more »

Gallup (company)

Gallup, Inc. is an American research-based, global performance-management consulting company.

New!!: Russian language and Gallup (company) · See more »

Ge (Cyrillic)

Ghe or Ge (Г г; italics: Г г) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Ge (Cyrillic) · See more »

Geographical distribution of Russian speakers

This article details the geographical distribution of Russian speakers.

New!!: Russian language and Geographical distribution of Russian speakers · See more »

Georgia (country)

Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.

New!!: Russian language and Georgia (country) · See more »

German language

German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.

New!!: Russian language and German language · See more »

German-Russian macaronic language

The German-Russian pidgin is a macaronic language of mixed German and Russian that appears to have arisen in the early 1990s.

New!!: Russian language and German-Russian macaronic language · See more »

Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Germany · See more »

Golden Horde

The Golden Horde (Алтан Орд, Altan Ord; Золотая Орда, Zolotaya Orda; Алтын Урда, Altın Urda) was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire.

New!!: Russian language and Golden Horde · See more »

Government of the Soviet Union

The Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Russian: Правительство СССР, Pravitel'stvo SSSR) was the main body of the executive branch of government in the Soviet Union.

New!!: Russian language and Government of the Soviet Union · See more »

Grammatical aspect in Slavic languages

Nearly universally in Slavic languages, only one type of aspectual opposition governs verbs, verb phrases and verb-related structures, manifesting in two grammatical aspects: perfective and imperfective (in contrast with English verb grammar, which conveys several aspectual oppositions: perfect vs. neutral; progressive vs. nonprogressive; and in the past tense, habitual ("used to...") vs. neutral).

New!!: Russian language and Grammatical aspect in Slavic languages · See more »

Grammatical case

Case is a special grammatical category of a noun, pronoun, adjective, participle or numeral whose value reflects the grammatical function performed by that word in a phrase, clause or sentence.

New!!: Russian language and Grammatical case · See more »

Grammatical tense

In grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference with reference to the moment of speaking.

New!!: Russian language and Grammatical tense · See more »

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that lasted from the 13th century up to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and Austria.

New!!: Russian language and Grand Duchy of Lithuania · See more »

Grand Duchy of Moscow

The Grand Duchy or Grand Principality of Moscow (Великое Княжество Московское, Velikoye Knyazhestvo Moskovskoye), also known in English simply as Muscovy from the Moscovia, was a late medieval Russian principality centered on Moscow and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Grand Duchy of Moscow · See more »

Great Russian language

Great Russian language (Russian: Великорусский язык, Velikorusskiy yazyk) is a name given in the 19th century to the Russian language as opposed to the other two major East Slavic languages: Belarusian and Ukrainian.

New!!: Russian language and Great Russian language · See more »

Greece

No description.

New!!: Russian language and Greece · See more »

Greek alphabet

The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC.

New!!: Russian language and Greek alphabet · See more »

Greek language

Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

New!!: Russian language and Greek language · See more »

GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development

The GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (Организация за демократию и экономическое развитие — ГУАМ) is a regional organization of four post-Soviet states: '''G'''eorgia, '''U'''kraine, '''A'''zerbaijan, and '''M'''oldova.

New!!: Russian language and GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development · See more »

Hard sign

The letter Ъ (italics Ъ, ъ) of the Cyrillic script, also spelled jer or er, is known as the hard sign (твёрдый знак tvjórdyj znak) in the modern Russian and Rusyn alphabets, as er golyam (ер голям, "big er") in the Bulgarian alphabet, and as debelo jer (дебело їер, "fat yer") in pre-reform Serbian orthography.

New!!: Russian language and Hard sign · See more »

Hebrew language

No description.

New!!: Russian language and Hebrew language · See more »

Heilongjiang

Heilongjiang (Wade-Giles: Heilungkiang) is a province of the People's Republic of China.

New!!: Russian language and Heilongjiang · See more »

History of the Russian language

Note: in the following sections, all examples of vocabulary appear in their modern spelling.

New!!: Russian language and History of the Russian language · See more »

History of the Russians in Baltimore

The history of the Russians in Baltimore dates back to the mid-19th century.

New!!: Russian language and History of the Russians in Baltimore · See more »

Homograph

A homograph (from the ὁμός, homós, "same" and γράφω, gráphō, "write") is a word that shares the same written form as another word but has a different meaning.

New!!: Russian language and Homograph · See more »

I (Cyrillic)

I (И и; italics: И и) is a letter used in almost all Cyrillic alphabets.

New!!: Russian language and I (Cyrillic) · See more »

Iconv

In Unix-like operating systems, iconv (an abbreviation of '''i'''nternationalization conversion) is a command-line program and a standardized application programming interface (API) used to convert between different character encodings.

New!!: Russian language and Iconv · See more »

Indo-European languages

The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects.

New!!: Russian language and Indo-European languages · See more »

Inflection

In grammar, inflection or inflexion – sometimes called accidence – is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, case, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, and mood.

New!!: Russian language and Inflection · See more »

International Atomic Energy Agency

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.

New!!: Russian language and International Atomic Energy Agency · See more »

International Civil Aviation Organization

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale, OACI), is a specialized agency of the United Nations.

New!!: Russian language and International Civil Aviation Organization · See more »

International Criminal Court

The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands.

New!!: Russian language and International Criminal Court · See more »

International Fund for Agricultural Development

The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) (French: Fonds international de développement agricole; FIDA) (Italian: Fondo Internazionale per lo Sviluppo Agricolo) is an international financial institution and a specialised agency of the United Nations dedicated to eradicating poverty and hunger in rural areas of developing countries.

New!!: Russian language and International Fund for Agricultural Development · See more »

International Mathematical Olympiad

The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is an annual six-problem mathematical olympiad for pre-college students, and is the oldest of the International Science Olympiads.

New!!: Russian language and International Mathematical Olympiad · See more »

International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of "189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system.

New!!: Russian language and International Monetary Fund · See more »

International Olympic Committee

The International Olympic Committee (IOC; French: Comité International Olympique, CIO) is a Swiss private non-governmental organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, which is the authority responsible for the modern Olympic Games.

New!!: Russian language and International Olympic Committee · See more »

International Organization for Standardization

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.

New!!: Russian language and International Organization for Standardization · See more »

International Phonetic Alphabet

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet.

New!!: Russian language and International Phonetic Alphabet · See more »

International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Abkhazia and South Ossetia are partially recognised republics in the Caucasus, claiming independence from Georgia.

New!!: Russian language and International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia · See more »

International Space Station

The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit.

New!!: Russian language and International Space Station · See more »

International Telecommunication Union

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU; Union Internationale des Télécommunications (UIT)), originally the International Telegraph Union (Union Télégraphique Internationale), is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies.

New!!: Russian language and International Telecommunication Union · See more »

Irish language

The Irish language (Gaeilge), also referred to as the Gaelic or the Irish Gaelic language, is a Goidelic language (Gaelic) of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people.

New!!: Russian language and Irish language · See more »

ISO/IEC 8859-5

ISO/IEC 8859-5:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 5: Latin/Cyrillic alphabet, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1988.

New!!: Russian language and ISO/IEC 8859-5 · See more »

Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

New!!: Russian language and Israel · See more »

Israel Plus

Israel Plus (ישראל פלוס, Израиль Плюс) is a television station in Israel.

New!!: Russian language and Israel Plus · See more »

Italian language

Italian (or lingua italiana) is a Romance language.

New!!: Russian language and Italian language · See more »

Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Italy · See more »

Japanese language

is an East Asian language spoken by about 128 million people, primarily in Japan, where it is the national language.

New!!: Russian language and Japanese language · See more »

Jews

Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.

New!!: Russian language and Jews · See more »

Ka (Cyrillic)

Ka (К к; italics: К к) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Ka (Cyrillic) · See more »

Kazakh language

Kazakh (natively italic, qazaq tili) belongs to the Kipchak branch of the Turkic languages.

New!!: Russian language and Kazakh language · See more »

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan,; kəzɐxˈstan), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of.

New!!: Russian language and Kazakhstan · See more »

Kha (Cyrillic)

Kha or Ha (Х х; italics: Х х) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Kha (Cyrillic) · See more »

Kharkiv Oblast

Kharkiv Oblast (Харківська область, translit. Charkivśka oblastj; also referred to as Kharkivshchyna – Харківщина, Charkivščyna, Харьковская область) is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

New!!: Russian language and Kharkiv Oblast · See more »

Kherson Oblast

Kherson Oblast (Херсонська область, translit. Khersons’ka oblast’; also referred to as Khersonshchyna – Херсонщина) is an oblast (province) in southern Ukraine, just north of Crimea.

New!!: Russian language and Kherson Oblast · See more »

Kievan Rus'

Kievan Rus' (Рѹ́сь, Рѹ́сьскаѧ землѧ, Rus(s)ia, Ruscia, Ruzzia, Rut(h)enia) was a loose federationJohn Channon & Robert Hudson, Penguin Historical Atlas of Russia (Penguin, 1995), p.16.

New!!: Russian language and Kievan Rus' · See more »

KOI8-R

KOI8-R (RFC 1489) is an 8-bit character encoding, designed to cover Russian, which uses a Cyrillic alphabet.

New!!: Russian language and KOI8-R · See more »

Kola Peninsula

The Kola Peninsula (Ко́льский полуо́стров, Kolsky poluostrov; from Куэлнэгк нёаррк, Kuelnegk njoarrk; Guoládatnjárga; Kuolan niemimaa; Kolahalvøya) is a peninsula in the far northwest of Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Kola Peninsula · See more »

Kuban

Kuban (Кубань; Пшызэ; Кубань) is a geographic region of Southern Russia surrounding the Kuban River, on the Black Sea between the Don Steppe, the Volga Delta and the Caucasus, and separated from the Crimean Peninsula to the west by the Kerch Strait.

New!!: Russian language and Kuban · See more »

Kyrgyzstan

The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz Respublikasy; r; Қирғиз Республикаси.), or simply Kyrgyzstan, and also known as Kirghizia (Kyrgyzstan; r), is a sovereign state in Central Asia.

New!!: Russian language and Kyrgyzstan · See more »

Labial consonant

Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator.

New!!: Russian language and Labial consonant · See more »

Languages used on the Internet

About half of the homepages of the most visited sites on the Internet are in English, with varying amounts of information available in many other languages.

New!!: Russian language and Languages used on the Internet · See more »

Latin

Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

New!!: Russian language and Latin · See more »

Latvia

Latvia (or; Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika), is a sovereign state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Latvia · See more »

Lenition

In linguistics, lenition is a kind of sound change that alters consonants, making them more sonorous.

New!!: Russian language and Lenition · See more »

Leo Tolstoy

Count Lyov (also Lev) Nikolayevich Tolstoy (also Лев) Николаевич ТолстойIn Tolstoy's day, his name was written Левъ Николаевичъ Толстой.

New!!: Russian language and Leo Tolstoy · See more »

Lexicon

A lexicon, word-hoard, wordbook, or word-stock is the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge (such as nautical or medical).

New!!: Russian language and Lexicon · See more »

Lingua franca

A lingua franca, also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vernacular language, or link language is a language or dialect systematically used to make communication possible between people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both native languages.

New!!: Russian language and Lingua franca · See more »

Linux

Linux is a family of free and open-source software operating systems built around the Linux kernel.

New!!: Russian language and Linux · See more »

List of English words of Russian origin

This page transcribes Russian (written in Cyrillic script) using the IPA.

New!!: Russian language and List of English words of Russian origin · See more »

List of languages by number of native speakers

This article ranks human languages by their number of native speakers.

New!!: Russian language and List of languages by number of native speakers · See more »

List of languages by total number of speakers

A number of sources have compiled lists of languages by their number of speakers. However, all such lists should be used with caution.

New!!: Russian language and List of languages by total number of speakers · See more »

List of Russian explorers

The history of exploration by citizens or subjects of the Russian Federation, the Soviet Union, the Russian Empire, the Tsardom of Russia and other Russian predecessor states forms a significant part of the history of Russia as well as the history of the world.

New!!: Russian language and List of Russian explorers · See more »

List of Russian language topics

The list of Russian language topics stores articles on grammar and other language-related topics that discuss (or should discuss) peculiarities of the Russian language (as well as of other languages) or provide examples from Russian language for these topics.

New!!: Russian language and List of Russian language topics · See more »

List of territorial entities where Russian is an official language

This is a list of countries and territories where Russian is an official language.

New!!: Russian language and List of territorial entities where Russian is an official language · See more »

Lists of languages by number of speakers

There are two lists of languages which are sorted by number of speakers.

New!!: Russian language and Lists of languages by number of speakers · See more »

Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Lithuania · See more »

Los Angeles

Los Angeles (Spanish for "The Angels";; officially: the City of Los Angeles; colloquially: by its initials L.A.) is the second-most populous city in the United States, after New York City.

New!!: Russian language and Los Angeles · See more »

Luhansk Oblast

Luhansk Oblast (Луганська область, translit. Luhanśka oblastj, Луганская область, translit. Luganskaja oblastj; also referred to as Luhanshchyna, translit) is the easternmost oblast (province) of Ukraine.

New!!: Russian language and Luhansk Oblast · See more »

Macaronic language

Macaronic refers to text using a mixture of languages, particularly bilingual puns or situations in which the languages are otherwise used in the same context (rather than simply discrete segments of a text being in different languages).

New!!: Russian language and Macaronic language · See more »

Macintosh

The Macintosh (pronounced as; branded as Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984.

New!!: Russian language and Macintosh · See more »

Mass media

The mass media is a diversified collection of media technologies that reach a large audience via mass communication.

New!!: Russian language and Mass media · See more »

Medieval Greek

Medieval Greek, also known as Byzantine Greek, is the stage of the Greek language between the end of Classical antiquity in the 5th–6th centuries and the end of the Middle Ages, conventionally dated to the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453.

New!!: Russian language and Medieval Greek · See more »

Medny Aleut language

Mednyj Aleut (also called Copper Island Creole or Copper Island Aleut) is a nearly extinct mixed language spoken on Bering Island.

New!!: Russian language and Medny Aleut language · See more »

Miami

Miami is a major port city on the Atlantic coast of south Florida in the southeastern United States.

New!!: Russian language and Miami · See more »

Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.

New!!: Russian language and Microsoft Windows · See more »

Mikhail Lermontov

Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (p; –) was a Russian Romantic writer, poet and painter, sometimes called "the poet of the Caucasus", the most important Russian poet after Alexander Pushkin's death in 1837 and the greatest figure in Russian Romanticism.

New!!: Russian language and Mikhail Lermontov · See more »

Mikhail Lomonosov

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (ləmɐˈnosəf|a.

New!!: Russian language and Mikhail Lomonosov · See more »

Minimal pair

In phonology, minimal pairs are pairs of words or phrases in a particular language that differ in only one phonological element, such as a phoneme, toneme or chroneme, and have distinct meanings.

New!!: Russian language and Minimal pair · See more »

Ministry of Education and Science (Russia)

Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации or Minobrnauki of Russia) existed from March 2004 till May 2018.

New!!: Russian language and Ministry of Education and Science (Russia) · See more »

Mixed language

Although every language is mixed to some extent, by virtue of containing loanwords, it is a matter of controversy whether a term mixed language can meaningfully distinguish the contact phenomena of certain languages (such as those listed below) from the type of contact and borrowing seen in all languages.

New!!: Russian language and Mixed language · See more »

Moldova

Moldova (or sometimes), officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south (by way of the disputed territory of Transnistria).

New!!: Russian language and Moldova · See more »

Mongolia

Mongolia (Monggol Ulus in Mongolian; in Mongolian Cyrillic) is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia.

New!!: Russian language and Mongolia · See more »

Monterey, California

Monterey is a city located in Monterey County in the U.S. state of California, on the southern edge of Monterey Bay on California's Central Coast.

New!!: Russian language and Monterey, California · See more »

Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

New!!: Russian language and Moscow · See more »

MS-DOS

MS-DOS (acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft.

New!!: Russian language and MS-DOS · See more »

Mykolaiv Oblast

Mykolaiv Oblast (Миколаївська область, Mykolajivśka oblasť; also referred to as Mykolaivshchyna, Миколаївщина), also known as Nikolaev or Nikolayev Oblast (Николаевская область, Nikoláyevskaya óblasť), is an oblast (province) of Ukraine.

New!!: Russian language and Mykolaiv Oblast · See more »

NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

New!!: Russian language and NASA · See more »

Nasal consonant

In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive, nasal stop in contrast with a nasal fricative, or nasal continuant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

New!!: Russian language and Nasal consonant · See more »

Nashville, Tennessee

Nashville is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the seat of Davidson County.

New!!: Russian language and Nashville, Tennessee · See more »

Nganasan people

The Nganasans (Nganasan: ӈәнә”са(нә”) ŋənəhsa(nəh), ня(”) ńæh) are an indigenous Samoyedic people inhabiting the Taymyr Peninsula in north Siberia.

New!!: Russian language and Nganasan people · See more »

Nikolai Gogol

Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (31 March 1809 – 4 March 1852) was a Russian speaking dramatist of Ukrainian origin.

New!!: Russian language and Nikolai Gogol · See more »

North America

North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.

New!!: Russian language and North America · See more »

Northern Russian dialects

The northern Russian dialects make up one of the main groups of the Russian dialects.

New!!: Russian language and Northern Russian dialects · See more »

Northwestern Federal District

Northwestern Federal District (Се́веро-За́падный федера́льный о́круг, Severo-Zapadny federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Northwestern Federal District · See more »

Norway

Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.

New!!: Russian language and Norway · See more »

Norwegian language

Norwegian (norsk) is a North Germanic language spoken mainly in Norway, where it is the official language.

New!!: Russian language and Norwegian language · See more »

O (Cyrillic)

O (О о; italics: О о) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and O (Cyrillic) · See more »

Odessa Oblast

Odessa Oblast (Одеська область, Odes’ka oblast’, Одесская область, Odesskaya oblast’) is an oblast or province of southwestern Ukraine located along the northern coast of the Black Sea, consisting of the eastern part of the historical region of Novorossiya, and the southern part of the historical region of Bessarabia (also known as Budjak), the latter being a former oblast incorporated into the Odessa Oblast, in 1954.

New!!: Russian language and Odessa Oblast · See more »

Official language

An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction.

New!!: Russian language and Official language · See more »

Official languages of the United Nations

The official languages of the United Nations are the six languages that are used in UN meetings, and in which all official UN documents are written.

New!!: Russian language and Official languages of the United Nations · See more »

Ogg

Ogg is a free, open container format maintained by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

New!!: Russian language and Ogg · See more »

Old Church Slavonic

Old Church Slavonic, also known as Old Church Slavic (or Ancient/Old Slavonic often abbreviated to OCS; (autonym словѣ́ньскъ ѩꙁꙑ́къ, slověnĭskŭ językŭ), not to be confused with the Proto-Slavic, was the first Slavic literary language. The 9th-century Byzantine missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius are credited with standardizing the language and using it in translating the Bible and other Ancient Greek ecclesiastical texts as part of the Christianization of the Slavs. It is thought to have been based primarily on the dialect of the 9th century Byzantine Slavs living in the Province of Thessalonica (now in Greece). It played an important role in the history of the Slavic languages and served as a basis and model for later Church Slavonic traditions, and some Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches use this later Church Slavonic as a liturgical language to this day. As the oldest attested Slavic language, OCS provides important evidence for the features of Proto-Slavic, the reconstructed common ancestor of all Slavic languages.

New!!: Russian language and Old Church Slavonic · See more »

Old East Slavic

Old East Slavic or Old Russian was a language used during the 10th–15th centuries by East Slavs in Kievan Rus' and states which evolved after the collapse of Kievan Rus'.

New!!: Russian language and Old East Slavic · See more »

Old Novgorod dialect

Old Novgorod dialect (Russian: древненовгородский диалект, dryevnyenovgorodsky dialekt; also translated as Old Novgorodian or Ancient Novgorod dialect) is a term introduced by Andrey Zaliznyak to describe the dialect found in the Old East Slavic birch bark writings ("berestyanaya gramota").

New!!: Russian language and Old Novgorod dialect · See more »

Oleg Trubachyov

Oleg Nikolayevich Trubachyov (also transliterated as Trubachev or Trubačev, Оле́г Никола́евич Трубачёв; 22 October 1930, Stalingrad – 9 March 2002, Moscow) was a Russian doctor in philology.

New!!: Russian language and Oleg Trubachyov · See more »

Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

New!!: Russian language and Operating system · See more »

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization.

New!!: Russian language and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe · See more »

Orthography

An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language.

New!!: Russian language and Orthography · See more »

OS/2

OS/2 is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci.

New!!: Russian language and OS/2 · See more »

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

New!!: Russian language and Oxford University Press · See more »

Padonkaffsky jargon

Padonkaffsky jargon (язык падонкафф, yazyk padonkaff) or Olbanian (олбанский, olbanskiy) is a cant language developed by a subculture of Runet called padonki (падонки).

New!!: Russian language and Padonkaffsky jargon · See more »

Palatal consonant

Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).

New!!: Russian language and Palatal consonant · See more »

Palatalization (phonetics)

In phonetics, palatalization (also) or palatization refers to a way of pronouncing a consonant in which part of the tongue is moved close to the hard palate.

New!!: Russian language and Palatalization (phonetics) · See more »

Pe (Cyrillic)

Pe (П п; italics: П п) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Pe (Cyrillic) · See more »

Persian language

Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (فارسی), is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family.

New!!: Russian language and Persian language · See more »

Peter the Great

Peter the Great (ˈpʲɵtr vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj), Peter I (ˈpʲɵtr ˈpʲɛrvɨj) or Peter Alexeyevich (p; –)Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are in the Julian calendar with the start of year adjusted to 1 January.

New!!: Russian language and Peter the Great · See more »

Philadelphia

Philadelphia is the largest city in the U.S. state and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the sixth-most populous U.S. city, with a 2017 census-estimated population of 1,580,863.

New!!: Russian language and Philadelphia · See more »

Phoneme

A phoneme is one of the units of sound (or gesture in the case of sign languages, see chereme) that distinguish one word from another in a particular language.

New!!: Russian language and Phoneme · See more »

Pidgin

A pidgin, or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn from several languages.

New!!: Russian language and Pidgin · See more »

Polesia

Polesia, Polesie or Polesye (Палессе Paliessie, Полісся Polissia or Polisia, Polesie, Поле́сье Poles'e) is a natural and historical region starting from the farthest edges of Central Europe and into Eastern Europe, stretching from parts of Eastern Poland, touching similarly named Podlasie, straddling the Belarus–Ukraine border and into western Russia.

New!!: Russian language and Polesia · See more »

Polish language

Polish (język polski or simply polski) is a West Slavic language spoken primarily in Poland and is the native language of the Poles.

New!!: Russian language and Polish language · See more »

Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.

New!!: Russian language and Portugal · See more »

Post-Soviet states

The post-Soviet states, also collectively known as the former Soviet Union (FSU) or former Soviet Republics, are the states that emerged and re-emerged from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in its breakup in 1991, with Russia internationally recognised as the successor state to the Soviet Union after the Cold War.

New!!: Russian language and Post-Soviet states · See more »

Postalveolar consonant

Postalveolar consonants (sometimes spelled post-alveolar) are consonants articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge, farther back in the mouth than the alveolar consonants, which are at the ridge itself but not as far back as the hard palate, the place of articulation for palatal consonants.

New!!: Russian language and Postalveolar consonant · See more »

Prefix

A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word.

New!!: Russian language and Prefix · See more »

Proto-Slavic

Proto-Slavic is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all the Slavic languages.

New!!: Russian language and Proto-Slavic · See more »

Runet

Runet (Рунет), a portmanteau of ru (both code for the Russian language and Russia's top-level domain) and net/network, is the Russian-language community on the Internet and websites.

New!!: Russian language and Runet · See more »

Runglish

Runglish, Rusinglish, Ruglish or Russlish (русинглиш / рунглиш, rusinglish / runglish), is a Russian–English macaronic language.

New!!: Russian language and Runglish · See more »

Russenorsk

Russenorsk (Руссено́рск,; Russo-Norwegian) is an extinct dual-source pidgin language formerly used in the Arctic, which combined elements of Russian and Norwegian, and which was created by Russian traders and Norwegian fishermen from northern Norway and the Russian Kola Peninsula.

New!!: Russian language and Russenorsk · See more »

Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

New!!: Russian language and Russia · See more »

Russian Academy

The Russian Academy or Imperial Russian Academy (Академия Российская, Императорская Российская академия) was established in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1783 by Empress Catherine II of Russia and princess Dashkova as a research center for Russian language and Russian literature, following the example of the Académie française.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Academy · See more »

Russian Academy of Sciences

The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) Rossíiskaya akadémiya naúk) consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such as libraries, publishing units, and hospitals.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Academy of Sciences · See more »

Russian alphabet

The Russian alphabet (ˈruskʲɪj ɐɫfɐˈvʲit̪) uses letters from the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Russian alphabet · See more »

Russian Americans in New York City

New York City is home to the largest Russian and Russian-speaking population in the Western Hemisphere.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Americans in New York City · See more »

Russian Braille

Russian Braille is the braille alphabet of the Russian language.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Braille · See more »

Russian Census (2002)

The Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да) was the first census of the Russian Federation since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Census (2002) · See more »

Russian Census (2010)

The Russian Census of 2010 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2010 го́да) is the first census of the Russian Federation population since 2002 and the second after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Census (2010) · See more »

Russian language in Israel

The Russian language in Israel is spoken natively by a large proportion of the population, reaching about 20 percent of the total population by 1989, mostly by immigrants who came from the former Soviet Union in the early 1990s and later years.

New!!: Russian language and Russian language in Israel · See more »

Russian Language Institute

The V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Институт русского языка имени В. В. Виноградова РАН) is the language regulator of the Russian language.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Language Institute · See more »

Russian literature

Russian literature refers to the literature of Russia and its émigrés and to the Russian-language literature of several independent nations once a part of what was historically Rus', the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union.

New!!: Russian language and Russian literature · See more »

Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Rússkaya pravoslávnaya tsérkov), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskóvskiy patriarkhát), is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox patriarchates.

New!!: Russian language and Russian Orthodox Church · See more »

Russian phonology

This article discusses the phonological system of standard Russian based on the Moscow dialect (unless otherwise noted).

New!!: Russian language and Russian phonology · See more »

Russians

Russians (русские, russkiye) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. The majority of Russians inhabit the nation state of Russia, while notable minorities exist in other former Soviet states such as Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine and the Baltic states. A large Russian diaspora also exists all over the world, with notable numbers in the United States, Germany, Israel, and Canada. Russians are the most numerous ethnic group in Europe. The Russians share many cultural traits with their fellow East Slavic counterparts, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. They are predominantly Orthodox Christians by religion. The Russian language is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, and also spoken as a secondary language in many former Soviet states.

New!!: Russian language and Russians · See more »

Rusyn language

Rusyn (Carpathian Rusyn), по нашому (po našomu); Pannonian Rusyn)), also known in English as Ruthene (sometimes Ruthenian), is a Slavic language spoken by the Rusyns of Eastern Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Rusyn language · See more »

Ruthenia

Ruthenia (Рѹ́сь (Rus) and Рѹ́сьскаѧ землѧ (Rus'kaya zemlya), Ῥωσία, Rus(s)ia, Ruscia, Ruzzia, Rut(h)enia, Roxolania, Garðaríki) is a proper geographical exonym for Kievan Rus' and other, more local, historical states.

New!!: Russian language and Ruthenia · See more »

Ruthenian language

Ruthenian or Old Ruthenian (see other names) was the group of varieties of East Slavic spoken in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later in the East Slavic territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

New!!: Russian language and Ruthenian language · See more »

Samuel P. Huntington

Samuel Phillips Huntington (April 18, 1927 – December 24, 2008) was an American political scientist, adviser and academic.

New!!: Russian language and Samuel P. Huntington · See more »

San Francisco

San Francisco (initials SF;, Spanish for 'Saint Francis'), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California.

New!!: Russian language and San Francisco · See more »

Schwa

In linguistics, specifically phonetics and phonology, schwa (rarely or; sometimes spelled shwa) is the mid central vowel sound (rounded or unrounded) in the middle of the vowel chart, denoted by the IPA symbol ə, or another vowel sound close to that position.

New!!: Russian language and Schwa · See more »

Seattle

Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States.

New!!: Russian language and Seattle · See more »

Second language

A person's second language or L2, is a language that is not the native language of the speaker, but that is used in the locale of that person.

New!!: Russian language and Second language · See more »

Secondary articulation

Secondary articulation occurs when the articulation of a consonant is equivalent to the combined articulations of two or three simpler consonants, at least one of which is an approximant.

New!!: Russian language and Secondary articulation · See more »

Semivowel

In phonetics and phonology, a semivowel or glide, also known as a non-syllabic vocoid, is a sound that is phonetically similar to a vowel sound but functions as the syllable boundary, rather than as the nucleus of a syllable.

New!!: Russian language and Semivowel · See more »

Sergey Ozhegov

Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov (Серге́й Ива́нович О́жегов; 22 September 1900 – 15 December 1964) was a Russian lexicographer who in 1926 graduated from the Leningrad University where his teachers included Lev Shcherba and Viktor Vinogradov.

New!!: Russian language and Sergey Ozhegov · See more »

Sevastopol

Sevastopol (Севастополь; Севасто́поль; Акъяр, Aqyar), traditionally Sebastopol, is the largest city on the Crimean Peninsula and a major Black Sea port.

New!!: Russian language and Sevastopol · See more »

Sha (Cyrillic)

Sha (Ш ш; italics: Ш ш) is a letter of the Glagolitic and Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Sha (Cyrillic) · See more »

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), or Shanghai Pact, is a Eurasian political, economic, and security organisation, the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai, China by the leaders of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan; the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter, formally establishing the organisation, was signed in June 2002 and entered into force on 19 September 2003.

New!!: Russian language and Shanghai Cooperation Organisation · See more »

Shcha

Shcha (Щ щ; italics: Щ щ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Shcha · See more »

Short I

Short I or Yot (Й й; italics: Й й) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Short I · See more »

Slang

Slang is language (words, phrases, and usages) of an informal register that members of special groups like teenagers, musicians, or criminals favor (over a standard language) in order to establish group identity, exclude outsiders, or both.

New!!: Russian language and Slang · See more »

Slavic languages

The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages) are the Indo-European languages spoken by the Slavic peoples.

New!!: Russian language and Slavic languages · See more »

Slavic second palatalization

The Slavic second palatalization is a Proto-Slavic sound change that manifested as a regressive palatalization of inherited Balto-Slavic velar consonants that occurred after the first and before the third Slavic palatalizations.

New!!: Russian language and Slavic second palatalization · See more »

Slavic Voice of America

Slavic Voice of America (Голос Славян Америки Golos Slavyan Ameriki) is a Newspaper, Radio Program and serving 10 million Russian, Ukrainian, Belarussian-speaking American and Canadian immigrants and their families from countries of the former Soviet Union, including some non-Slavic countries like Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

New!!: Russian language and Slavic Voice of America · See more »

Slavs

Slavs are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the various Slavic languages of the larger Balto-Slavic linguistic group.

New!!: Russian language and Slavs · See more »

Soft sign

The soft sign (Ь, ь, italics Ь, ь; Russian: мягкий знак) also known as the front yer or front er, is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Soft sign · See more »

South Slavic languages

The South Slavic languages are one of three branches of the Slavic languages.

New!!: Russian language and South Slavic languages · See more »

Southern Russian dialects

Southern Russian is one of the main groups of Russian dialects.

New!!: Russian language and Southern Russian dialects · See more »

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

New!!: Russian language and Soviet Union · See more »

Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Spain · See more »

Spelling rule

In Russian, the term spelling rule is used to describe a number of rules relating to the spelling of words in the language that would appear in most cases to deviate from a strictly phonetic transcription.

New!!: Russian language and Spelling rule · See more »

Spokane, Washington

Spokane is a city in the state of Washington in the northwestern United States.

New!!: Russian language and Spokane, Washington · See more »

Spoken language

A spoken language is a language produced by articulate sounds, as opposed to a written language.

New!!: Russian language and Spoken language · See more »

Stop consonant

In phonetics, a stop, also known as a plosive or oral occlusive, is a consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

New!!: Russian language and Stop consonant · See more »

Stress (linguistics)

In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress or accent is relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word, or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence.

New!!: Russian language and Stress (linguistics) · See more »

Surzhyk

Surzhyk refers to a range of mixed (macaronic) sociolects of Ukrainian and Russian languages used in certain regions of Ukraine and adjacent lands.

New!!: Russian language and Surzhyk · See more »

Syllable

A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds.

New!!: Russian language and Syllable · See more »

Synthetic language

In linguistic typology, a synthetic language is a language with a high morpheme-per-word ratio, as opposed to a low morpheme-per-word ratio in what is described as an analytic language.

New!!: Russian language and Synthetic language · See more »

Taimyr Pidgin Russian

Taimyr Pidgin Russian is a Russian pidgin spoken on the Taimyr Peninsula by the Nganasan people.

New!!: Russian language and Taimyr Pidgin Russian · See more »

Tajikistan

Tajikistan (or; Тоҷикистон), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated population of million people as of, and an area of.

New!!: Russian language and Tajikistan · See more »

Te (Cyrillic)

Te (Т т; italics: Т т) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Te (Cyrillic) · See more »

Terek River

The Terek River (Terk), a major river in the Northern Caucasus, flows through Georgia and Russia into the Caspian Sea.

New!!: Russian language and Terek River · See more »

The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

New!!: Russian language and The New York Times · See more »

Tomasz Kamusella

Tomasz Kamusella FRHistS (born 1967, Kędzierzyn, Upper Silesia, Poland) is a Polish scholar pursuing interdisciplinary research in language politics, nationalism and ethnicity.

New!!: Russian language and Tomasz Kamusella · See more »

Toronto

Toronto is the capital city of the province of Ontario and the largest city in Canada by population, with 2,731,571 residents in 2016.

New!!: Russian language and Toronto · See more »

Trasianka

Trasianka (трасянка) refers to a mixed form of speech in which Belarusian and Russian elements and structures alternate in rapid succession.

New!!: Russian language and Trasianka · See more »

Trill consonant

In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the active articulator and passive articulator.

New!!: Russian language and Trill consonant · See more »

Ts–ch merger

In phonology, the ts–ch merger is the merger of the voiceless alveolar affricate and the voiceless postalveolar affricate.

New!!: Russian language and Ts–ch merger · See more »

Tse (Cyrillic)

Tse (Ц ц; italics: Ц ц) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Tse (Cyrillic) · See more »

Tulcea County

Tulcea is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historical region Dobruja, with the capital city at Tulcea.

New!!: Russian language and Tulcea County · See more »

Turkic languages

The Turkic languages are a language family of at least thirty-five documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and West Asia all the way to North Asia (particularly in Siberia) and East Asia (including the Far East).

New!!: Russian language and Turkic languages · See more »

Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (or; Türkmenistan), (formerly known as Turkmenia) is a sovereign state in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.

New!!: Russian language and Turkmenistan · See more »

U (Cyrillic)

U (У у; italics: У у) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and U (Cyrillic) · See more »

Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

New!!: Russian language and Ukraine · See more »

Ukrainian language

No description.

New!!: Russian language and Ukrainian language · See more »

Ukrinform

The National News Agency of Ukraine (Українське національне інформаційне агентство) or Ukrinform (Укрінформ) is a state information and news agency of Ukraine.

New!!: Russian language and Ukrinform · See more »

UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

New!!: Russian language and UNESCO · See more »

Unicode

Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems.

New!!: Russian language and Unicode · See more »

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

New!!: Russian language and United Kingdom · See more »

United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

New!!: Russian language and United Nations · See more »

United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

New!!: Russian language and United States · See more »

United States Census

The United States Census is a decennial census mandated by Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution, which states: "Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States...

New!!: Russian language and United States Census · See more »

United States Intelligence Community

The United States Intelligence Community (IC) is a federation of 16 separate United States government agencies that work separately and together to conduct intelligence activities to support the foreign policy and national security of the United States.

New!!: Russian language and United States Intelligence Community · See more »

Universal Postal Union

The Universal Postal Union (UPU, Union postale universelle), established by the Treaty of Bern of 1874, is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to the worldwide postal system.

New!!: Russian language and Universal Postal Union · See more »

Uralic languages

The Uralic languages (sometimes called Uralian languages) form a language family of 38 languages spoken by approximately 25million people, predominantly in Northern Eurasia.

New!!: Russian language and Uralic languages · See more »

Ushakov Dictionary

The Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, also called just Ushakov's Dictionary, is one of the major dictionaries of the Russian language.

New!!: Russian language and Ushakov Dictionary · See more »

UTF-8

UTF-8 is a variable width character encoding capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid code points in Unicode using one to four 8-bit bytes.

New!!: Russian language and UTF-8 · See more »

Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan, officially also the Republic of Uzbekistan (Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi), is a doubly landlocked Central Asian Sovereign state.

New!!: Russian language and Uzbekistan · See more »

Ve (Cyrillic)

Ve (В в; italics: В в) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Ve (Cyrillic) · See more »

Velar consonant

Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (known also as the velum).

New!!: Russian language and Velar consonant · See more »

Velarization

Velarization is a secondary articulation of consonants by which the back of the tongue is raised toward the velum during the articulation of the consonant.

New!!: Russian language and Velarization · See more »

Vernacular

A vernacular, or vernacular language, is the language or variety of a language used in everyday life by the common people of a specific population.

New!!: Russian language and Vernacular · See more »

Vladimir Dal

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal (alternatively transliterated as Dahl; Влади́мир Ива́нович Даль; November 10, 1801 – September 22, 1872) was one of the greatest Russian-language lexicographers and a founding member of the Russian Geographical Society.

New!!: Russian language and Vladimir Dal · See more »

Vocabulary

A vocabulary is a set of familiar words within a person's language.

New!!: Russian language and Vocabulary · See more »

Voiced velar fricative

The voiced velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in various spoken languages.

New!!: Russian language and Voiced velar fricative · See more »

Volga River

The Volga (p) is the longest river in Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Volga River · See more »

Vowel

A vowel is one of the two principal classes of speech sound, the other being a consonant.

New!!: Russian language and Vowel · See more »

Vowel reduction

In phonetics, vowel reduction is any of various changes in the acoustic quality of vowels, which are related to changes in stress, sonority, duration, loudness, articulation, or position in the word (e.g. for the Creek language), and which are perceived as "weakening".

New!!: Russian language and Vowel reduction · See more »

Vowel reduction in Russian

Vowel reduction in Russian differs in the standard language and dialects, which differ from one another.

New!!: Russian language and Vowel reduction in Russian · See more »

War and Peace

War and Peace (pre-reform Russian: Война и миръ; post-reform translit) is a novel by the Russian author Leo Tolstoy.

New!!: Russian language and War and Peace · See more »

Warsaw Pact

The Warsaw Pact, formally known as the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, was a collective defence treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland among the Soviet Union and seven Soviet satellite states of Central and Eastern Europe during the Cold War.

New!!: Russian language and Warsaw Pact · See more »

Website

A website is a collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, typically identified with a common domain name, and published on at least one web server.

New!!: Russian language and Website · See more »

Western Europe

Western Europe is the region comprising the western part of Europe.

New!!: Russian language and Western Europe · See more »

Wiley-Blackwell

Wiley-Blackwell is the international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.

New!!: Russian language and Wiley-Blackwell · See more »

World Bank

The World Bank (Banque mondiale) is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.

New!!: Russian language and World Bank · See more »

World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

New!!: Russian language and World Health Organization · See more »

World Intellectual Property Organization

The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN).

New!!: Russian language and World Intellectual Property Organization · See more »

World Meteorological Organization

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 191 Member States and Territories.

New!!: Russian language and World Meteorological Organization · See more »

Ya (Cyrillic)

Ya (Я я; italics: Я я) is a letter of the Cyrillic script, the civil script variant of Old Cyrillic Little Yus.

New!!: Russian language and Ya (Cyrillic) · See more »

Ye (Cyrillic)

Ye (Е е; italics: Е е) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Ye (Cyrillic) · See more »

Yer

A yer is one of two letters in Cyrillic alphabets: ъ (ѥръ, jerŭ) and ь (ѥрь, jerĭ).

New!!: Russian language and Yer · See more »

Yery

Yery, Yeru, Ery or Eru (Ы ы; italics: Ы ы, usually called "Ы" in modern Russian or "еры" yerý historically and in modern Church Slavonic) is a letter in the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Yery · See more »

Yo (Cyrillic)

Yo (Ё ё; italics: Ё ё) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Yo (Cyrillic) · See more »

Yu (Cyrillic)

Yu (Ю ю; italics: Ю ю) is a letter of the Cyrillic script used in East Slavic and Bulgarian alphabets.

New!!: Russian language and Yu (Cyrillic) · See more »

Zaporizhia Oblast

Zaporizhia Oblast (Запорізька область, translit. Zaporiz'ka oblast’; Запорожская область); also referred to as Zaporizhzhya (Запоріжжя), is an oblast (province) of southern Ukraine.

New!!: Russian language and Zaporizhia Oblast · See more »

Ze (Cyrillic)

Ze (З з; italics: З з) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Ze (Cyrillic) · See more »

Zhe (Cyrillic)

Zhe (Ж ж; italics: Ж ж) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

New!!: Russian language and Zhe (Cyrillic) · See more »

.ru

.ru is the Latin alphabet Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Russian Federation introduced on April 7, 1994.

New!!: Russian language and .ru · See more »

.su

.su was assigned as the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Soviet Union (USSR) on 19 September 1990.

New!!: Russian language and .su · See more »

1977 Soviet Constitution

At the 7th (Special) Session of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union Ninth Convocation on October 7, 1977, the third and last Soviet Constitution, also known as the Brezhnev Constitution, was unanimously adopted.

New!!: Russian language and 1977 Soviet Constitution · See more »

Redirects here:

ISO 639:ru, ISO 639:rus, Pusskii Iazyk, Pusskii iazyk, Pyccknn, Pycckuŭ, Pусский Язык, Pусский язык, Ruckii, Russiam language, Russian (language), Russian Language, Russian speaker, Russian term, Russian words, Russian-language, Russkiy yazyk, Standard Russian, Руcкии, Русский, Русский язык.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language

OutgoingIncoming
Hey! We are on Facebook now! »