Table of Contents
98 relations: Academic Press, Alcohol (chemistry), Alkyl group, Anthraquinone, Bamboo, Biochemical oxygen demand, Bisulfide, Black liquor, Bleaching of wood pulp, Calcium carbonate, Calcium hydroxide, Calcium oxide, Carbohydrate, Catalysis, Cellulose, Chelation, Chemical oxygen demand, Chemrec, Chlorate, Clarifying agent, Concentration, Countercurrent exchange, Decantation, Defoamer, Detackifier, Diffusion, Dimethyl disulfide, Dimethyl sulfide, Dispersant, Displacement (fluid), Dissolved organic carbon, Electricity, Fixation agent, Gasification, Gdańsk, German Empire, Green liquor, H-factor, Hemicellulose, Hydrogen bond, Hydrogen sulfide, Hydrophobe, Industrial wastewater treatment, Johan Richter (inventor), Kappa number, Kenaf, Knot (papermaking), Kraft paper, Lignin, Lime kiln, ... Expand index (48 more) »
- 1879 in Germany
- 1879 in science
- Pulp and paper industry
Academic Press
Academic Press (AP) is an academic book publisher founded in 1941.
See Kraft process and Academic Press
Alcohol (chemistry)
In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group bound to carbon.
See Kraft process and Alcohol (chemistry)
Alkyl group
In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen.
See Kraft process and Alkyl group
Anthraquinone
Anthraquinone, also called anthracenedione or dioxoanthracene, is an aromatic organic compound with formula.
See Kraft process and Anthraquinone
Bamboo
Bamboos are a diverse group of mostly evergreen perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.
Biochemical oxygen demand
Biochemical oxygen demand (also known as BOD or biological oxygen demand) is an analytical parameter representing the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) consumed by aerobic bacteria growing on the organic material present in a water sample at a specific temperature over a specific time period.
See Kraft process and Biochemical oxygen demand
Bisulfide
Bisulfide (or bisulphide in British English) is an inorganic anion with the chemical formula HS− (also written as SH−).
See Kraft process and Bisulfide
Black liquor
In industrial chemistry, black liquor is the by-product from the kraft process when digesting pulpwood into paper pulp removing lignin, hemicelluloses and other extractives from the wood to free the cellulose fibers. Kraft process and black liquor are papermaking and pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Black liquor
Bleaching of wood pulp
Bleaching of wood pulp is the chemical processing of wood pulp to lighten its color and whiten the pulp. Kraft process and Bleaching of wood pulp are chemical processes, papermaking and pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Bleaching of wood pulp
Calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula.
See Kraft process and Calcium carbonate
Calcium hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2.
See Kraft process and Calcium hydroxide
Calcium oxide
Calcium oxide (formula: CaO), commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound.
See Kraft process and Calcium oxide
Carbohydrate
A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula (where m may or may not be different from n), which does not mean the H has covalent bonds with O (for example with, H has a covalent bond with C but not with O).
See Kraft process and Carbohydrate
Catalysis
Catalysis is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst. Kraft process and Catalysis are chemical processes.
See Kraft process and Catalysis
Cellulose
Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units. Kraft process and Cellulose are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Cellulose
Chelation
Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and the molecules to metal ions.
See Kraft process and Chelation
Chemical oxygen demand
In environmental chemistry, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) is an indicative measure of the amount of oxygen that can be consumed by reactions in a measured solution.
See Kraft process and Chemical oxygen demand
Chemrec
Chemrec AB (Chemrec) is a Stockholm, Sweden-based company with comprehensive experience of pioneering the development of black liquor gasification (BLG) technology for energy and chemicals recovery at pulp mills.
Chlorate
Chlorate is the common name of the anion, whose chlorine atom is in the +5 oxidation state.
See Kraft process and Chlorate
Clarifying agent
Clarifying agents are used to remove suspended solids from liquids by inducing flocculation, causing the solids to form larger aggregates that can be easily removed after they either float to the surface or sink to the bottom of the containment vessel.
See Kraft process and Clarifying agent
Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture.
See Kraft process and Concentration
Countercurrent exchange
Countercurrent exchange is a mechanism occurring in nature and mimicked in industry and engineering, in which there is a crossover of some property, usually heat or some chemical, between two flowing bodies flowing in opposite directions to each other.
See Kraft process and Countercurrent exchange
Decantation
Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures of immiscible liquids or of a liquid and a solid mixture such as a suspension.
See Kraft process and Decantation
Defoamer
A defoamer or an anti-foaming agent is a chemical additive that reduces and hinders the formation of foam in industrial process liquids.
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Detackifier
A detackifier is a process chemical that is used for reducing tackiness of other substances.
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Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of anything (for example, atoms, ions, molecules, energy) generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
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Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula.
See Kraft process and Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl sulfide
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) or methylthiomethane is an organosulfur compound with the formula.
See Kraft process and Dimethyl sulfide
Dispersant
A dispersant or a dispersing agent is a substance, typically a surfactant, that is added to a suspension of solid or liquid particles in a liquid (such as a colloid or emulsion) to improve the separation of the particles and to prevent their settling or clumping.
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Displacement (fluid)
In fluid mechanics, displacement occurs when an object is largely immersed in a fluid, pushing it out of the way and taking its place.
See Kraft process and Displacement (fluid)
Dissolved organic carbon
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the fraction of organic carbon operationally defined as that which can pass through a filter with a pore size typically between 0.22 and 0.7 micrometers.
See Kraft process and Dissolved organic carbon
Electricity
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge.
See Kraft process and Electricity
Fixation agent
A fixation agent is a chemical that is capable to fixate one substance to another substance that the first substance have little affinity to.
See Kraft process and Fixation agent
Gasification
Gasification is a process that converts biomass- or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous materials into gases, including as the largest fractions: nitrogen (N2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), and carbon dioxide.
See Kraft process and Gasification
Gdańsk
Gdańsk is a city on the Baltic coast of northern Poland, and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
German Empire
The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.
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Green liquor
Green liquor is the dissolved smelt of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfide and other compounds from the recovery boiler in the kraft process. Kraft process and Green liquor are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Green liquor
H-factor
H-factor is a kinetic model for the rate of delignification in kraft pulping. Kraft process and h-factor are papermaking.
See Kraft process and H-factor
Hemicellulose
A hemicellulose (also known as polyose) is one of a number of heteropolymers (matrix polysaccharides), such as arabinoxylans, present along with cellulose in almost all terrestrial plant cell walls.
See Kraft process and Hemicellulose
Hydrogen bond
In chemistry, a hydrogen bond (or H-bond) is primarily an electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen (H) atom which is covalently bonded to a more electronegative "donor" atom or group (Dn), and another electronegative atom bearing a lone pair of electrons—the hydrogen bond acceptor (Ac).
See Kraft process and Hydrogen bond
Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula.
See Kraft process and Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrophobe
In chemistry, hydrophobicity is the physical property of a molecule that is seemingly repelled from a mass of water (known as a hydrophobe).
See Kraft process and Hydrophobe
Industrial wastewater treatment
Industrial wastewater treatment describes the processes used for treating wastewater that is produced by industries as an undesirable by-product.
See Kraft process and Industrial wastewater treatment
Johan Richter (inventor)
Johan Christopher Fredrik Carl Richter (12 November 1901 – 13 June 1997) was a Norwegian-Swedish engineer, industrialist and inventor in the area of pulp and paper production. Kraft process and Johan Richter (inventor) are pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Johan Richter (inventor)
Kappa number
The Kappa number is an indication of the residual lignin content or bleachability of wood pulp by a standardized analysis method. Kraft process and Kappa number are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Kappa number
Kenaf
Kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus, is a plant in the family Malvaceae also called Deccan hemp and Java jute.
Knot (papermaking)
Knots are unwanted, large, dark aggregates of wood fibres when making chemical pulp. Kraft process and Knot (papermaking) are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Knot (papermaking)
Kraft paper
Kraft paper or kraft is paper or paperboard (cardboard) produced from chemical pulp produced in the kraft process.
See Kraft process and Kraft paper
Lignin
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants. Kraft process and Lignin are papermaking.
Lime kiln
A lime kiln is a kiln used for the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce the form of lime called quicklime (calcium oxide).
See Kraft process and Lime kiln
McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill is an American publishing company for educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.
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Methanethiol
Methanethiol (also known as methyl mercaptan) is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula.
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Multiple-effect evaporator
In chemical engineering, a multiple-effect evaporator is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water.
See Kraft process and Multiple-effect evaporator
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of conflicts fought between the First French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte (1804–1815) and a fluctuating array of European coalitions.
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New Bern, North Carolina
New Bern (formerly Newbern) is a city in and the county seat of Craven County, North Carolina, United States.
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North Carolina
North Carolina is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.
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Nucleophile
In chemistry, a nucleophile is a chemical species that forms bonds by donating an electron pair.
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Oil skimmer
An oil skimmer is a device that is designed to remove oil floating on a liquid surface.
See Kraft process and Oil skimmer
Organosolv
In industrial paper-making processes, organosolv is a pulping technique that uses an organic solvent to solubilise lignin and hemicellulose. Kraft process and organosolv are chemical processes, papermaking and pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Organosolv
Paper
Paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, rags, grasses, or other vegetable sources in water, draining the water through a fine mesh leaving the fibre evenly distributed on the surface, followed by pressing and drying. Kraft process and Paper are papermaking.
Paper chemicals
Paper chemicals designate a group of chemicals that are used for paper manufacturing, or modify the properties of paper. Kraft process and paper chemicals are chemical processes, papermaking and pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Paper chemicals
Pine
A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus Pinus of the family Pinaceae.
Piteå
Piteå is a locality and the seat of Piteå Municipality in Norrbotten County, Sweden.
Prussia
Prussia (Preußen; Old Prussian: Prūsa or Prūsija) was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions.
Pulp (paper)
Pulp is a fibrous lignocellulosic material prepared by chemically, semi-chemically or mechanically producing cellulosic fibers from wood, fiber crops, waste paper, or rags. Kraft process and Pulp (paper) are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Pulp (paper)
Pulp and paper industry
The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use wood, specifically pulpwood, as raw material and produce pulp, paper, paperboard, and other cellulose-based products.
See Kraft process and Pulp and paper industry
Pulp mill
A pulp mill is a manufacturing facility that converts wood chips or other plant fiber sources into a thick fiber board which can be shipped to a paper mill for further processing. Kraft process and pulp mill are papermaking and pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Pulp mill
Recovery boiler
Recovery boiler is the part of kraft process of pulping where chemicals for white liquor are recovered and reformed from black liquor, which contains lignin from previously processed wood. Kraft process and recovery boiler are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Recovery boiler
Redox
Redox (reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change.
Rosin
Rosin, also called colophony or Greek pitch (pix graeca), is a solid form of resin obtained from pines and some other plants, mostly conifers, produced by heating fresh liquid resin to vaporize the volatile liquid terpene components.
Shive (papermaking)
A shive is a small bundle of incompletely cooked wood fibres in the chemical pulp used in papermaking. Kraft process and shive (papermaking) are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Shive (papermaking)
Sieve
A sieve, fine mesh strainer, or sift, is a tool used for separating wanted elements from unwanted material or for controlling the particle size distribution of a sample, using a screen such as a woven mesh or net or perforated sheet material.
Smurfit Westrock
Smurfit Westrock plc is an Irish-American company based in Dublin, Ireland that manufactures corrugated and paper-based packaging.
See Kraft process and Smurfit Westrock
Soap
Soap is a salt of a fatty acid (sometimes other carboxylic acids) used for cleaning and lubricating products as well as other applications.
Soda pulping
Soda pulping is a chemical process for making wood pulp with sodium hydroxide as the cooking chemical. Kraft process and soda pulping are chemical processes, papermaking and pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Soda pulping
Sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula and its various hydrates.
See Kraft process and Sodium carbonate
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula.
See Kraft process and Sodium hydroxide
Sodium sulfate
Sodium sulfate (also known as sodium sulphate or sulfate of soda) is the inorganic compound with formula Na2SO4 as well as several related hydrates. All forms are white solids that are highly soluble in water. With an annual production of 6 million tonnes, the decahydrate is a major commodity chemical product.
See Kraft process and Sodium sulfate
Sodium sulfide
Sodium sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula Na2S, or more commonly its hydrate Na2S·9H2O.
See Kraft process and Sodium sulfide
Softwood
Scots pine, a typical and well-known softwood Softwood is wood from gymnosperm trees such as conifers.
See Kraft process and Softwood
Steam
Steam is a substance containing water in the gas phase, often mixed with air and/or an aerosol of liquid water droplets.
Sulfide
Sulfide (also sulphide in British English) is an inorganic anion of sulfur with the chemical formula S2− or a compound containing one or more S2− ions.
Sulfite process
The sulfite process produces wood pulp that is almost pure cellulose fibers by treating wood chips with solutions of sulfite and bisulfite ions. Kraft process and sulfite process are chemical processes, papermaking and pulp and paper industry.
See Kraft process and Sulfite process
Sulfur
Sulfur (also spelled sulphur in British English) is a chemical element; it has symbol S and atomic number 16.
Sulfur cycle
The important sulfur cycle is a biogeochemical cycle in which the sulfur moves between rocks, waterways and living systems.
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Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (IUPAC-recommended spelling) or sulphur dioxide (traditional Commonwealth English) is the chemical compound with the formula.
See Kraft process and Sulfur dioxide
Surfactant
Surfactants are chemical compounds that decrease the surface tension or interfacial tension between two liquids, a liquid and a gas, or a liquid and a solid.
See Kraft process and Surfactant
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.
Tall oil
Tall oil, also called liquid rosin or tallol, is a viscous yellow-black odorous liquid obtained as a by-product of the kraft process of wood pulp manufacture when pulping mainly coniferous trees. Kraft process and tall oil are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Tall oil
Thickening agent
A thickening agent or thickener is a substance which can increase the viscosity of a liquid without substantially changing its other properties.
See Kraft process and Thickening agent
Turpentine
Turpentine (which is also called spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, terebenthine, terebenthene, terebinthine and, colloquially, turps) is a fluid obtained by the distillation of resin harvested from living trees, mainly pines. Kraft process and turpentine are papermaking.
See Kraft process and Turpentine
Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or F_\text in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking.
See Kraft process and Ultimate tensile strength
Volatility (chemistry)
In chemistry, volatility is a material quality which describes how readily a substance vaporizes.
See Kraft process and Volatility (chemistry)
Waste
Waste (or wastes) are unwanted or unusable materials.
Weyerhaeuser
The Weyerhaeuser Company is an American timberland company which owns nearly of timberlands in the U.S., and manages an additional of timberlands under long-term licenses in Canada.
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White liquor
White liquor is a strongly alkaline solution mainly of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. Kraft process and White liquor are papermaking.
See Kraft process and White liquor
Wood
Wood is a structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants.
Woodchips
Woodchips are small- to medium-sized pieces of wood formed by cutting or chipping larger pieces of wood such as trees, branches, logging residues, stumps, roots, and wood waste.
See Kraft process and Woodchips
See also
1879 in Germany
1879 in science
- 1879 in archaeology
- 1879 in birding and ornithology
- 1879 in paleontology
- 1879 in science
- Endless Caverns
- Euclid and His Modern Rivals
- Farm Creek Section
- Kraft process
- List of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1879
- Solar eclipse of January 22, 1879
- Vega Expedition
Pulp and paper industry
- Black liquor
- Bleached Chemi-ThermoMechanical Pulp
- Bleaching of wood pulp
- Conical refiner
- D. H. & A. B. Tower
- Defibrator
- Heinrich Voelter
- Henry Fourdrinier
- Hollander beater
- Holyoke Testing Flume
- Johan Richter (inventor)
- Kleercut
- Kraft process
- Linenize
- List of paper mills
- Mechanical pulping
- Northern bleached softwood kraft
- Organosolv
- Paper chemicals
- Paper engineering
- Paper machine
- Paper mill
- Paperboard
- Papermaking
- Pulp and Paper
- Pulp and paper industry
- Pulp and paper industry in Europe
- Pulp mill
- Pulpwood
- Rayon
- Sealy Fourdrinier
- Soda pulping
- Southern bleached softwood kraft
- Steam exploded fiber
- Stripped book
- Sulfite process
- Sustainable Forestry Initiative
- Svetogorsk
- Uruguay River pulp mill dispute
References
Also known as Kraft cooking, Kraft pulping, Screening (process stage).