Table of Contents
64 relations: Acetylation, Adenosine monophosphate, Adenoviridae, Aedes, Alternative splicing, Autocatalysis, Breast cancer, Buffalo, New York, Cell nucleus, Chromosomal translocation, Cytidine monophosphate, Dihydrofolate reductase, DNA, DNA damage (naturally occurring), Drosophila, Enhancer (genetics), Estrogen receptor, Eukaryote, Exon, Five-prime cap, Fluorouracil, Fly, Guanosine monophosphate, Guanosine triphosphate, Half-life, Histone, Hydrogen bond, Intron, Leukemia, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mature messenger RNA, Mediator (coactivator), Messenger RNA, Methotrexate, Molar concentration, Nucleosome, Nucleotide, Outron, Polyadenylation, Polypyrimidine tract, Post-transcriptional modification, Prokaryote, Promoter (genetics), R-loop, Retrovirus, Ribonucleoside, Ribosomal RNA, RNA, RNA polymerase, RNA splicing, ... Expand index (14 more) »
Acetylation
In chemistry, acetylation is an organic esterification reaction with acetic acid.
See Primary transcript and Acetylation
Adenosine monophosphate
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide.
See Primary transcript and Adenosine monophosphate
Adenoviridae
Adenoviruses (members of the family Adenoviridae) are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (without an outer lipid bilayer) viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double-stranded DNA genome.
See Primary transcript and Adenoviridae
Aedes
Aedes (also known as the tiger mosquito) is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica.
See Primary transcript and Aedes
Alternative splicing
Alternative splicing, or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to produce different splice variants.
See Primary transcript and Alternative splicing
Autocatalysis
In chemistry, a chemical reaction is said to be autocatalytic if one of the reaction products is also a catalyst for the same reaction.
See Primary transcript and Autocatalysis
Breast cancer
Breast cancer is a cancer that develops from breast tissue.
See Primary transcript and Breast cancer
Buffalo, New York
Buffalo is a city in the U.S. state of New York and the county seat of Erie County.
See Primary transcript and Buffalo, New York
Cell nucleus
The cell nucleus (nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
See Primary transcript and Cell nucleus
Chromosomal translocation
In genetics, chromosome translocation is a phenomenon that results in unusual rearrangement of chromosomes.
See Primary transcript and Chromosomal translocation
Cytidine monophosphate
Cytidine monophosphate, also known as 5'-cytidylic acid or simply cytidylate, and abbreviated CMP, is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA.
See Primary transcript and Cytidine monophosphate
Dihydrofolate reductase
Dihydrofolate reductase, or DHFR, is an enzyme that reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, using NADPH as an electron donor, which can be converted to the kinds of tetrahydrofolate cofactors used in 1-carbon transfer chemistry.
See Primary transcript and Dihydrofolate reductase
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
See Primary transcript and DNA
DNA damage (naturally occurring)
DNA damage is an alteration in the chemical structure of DNA, such as a break in a strand of DNA, a nucleobase missing from the backbone of DNA, or a chemically changed base such as 8-OHdG.
See Primary transcript and DNA damage (naturally occurring)
Drosophila
Drosophila is a genus of fly, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
See Primary transcript and Drosophila
Enhancer (genetics)
In genetics, an enhancer is a short (50–1500 bp) region of DNA that can be bound by proteins (activators) to increase the likelihood that transcription of a particular gene will occur.
See Primary transcript and Enhancer (genetics)
Estrogen receptor
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are a group of proteins found inside cells.
See Primary transcript and Estrogen receptor
Eukaryote
The eukaryotes constitute the domain of Eukarya or Eukaryota, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
See Primary transcript and Eukaryote
Exon
An exon is any part of a gene that will form a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing.
See Primary transcript and Exon
Five-prime cap
In molecular biology, the five-prime cap (5′ cap) is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA.
See Primary transcript and Five-prime cap
Fluorouracil
Fluorouracil (5-FU, 5-fluorouracil), sold under the brand name Adrucil among others, is a cytotoxic chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer.
See Primary transcript and Fluorouracil
Fly
Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- di- "two", and πτερόν pteron "wing".
See Primary transcript and Fly
Guanosine monophosphate
Guanosine monophosphate (GMP), also known as 5′-guanidylic acid or guanylic acid (conjugate base guanylate), is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA.
See Primary transcript and Guanosine monophosphate
Guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) is a purine nucleoside triphosphate.
See Primary transcript and Guanosine triphosphate
Half-life
Half-life (symbol) is the time required for a quantity (of substance) to reduce to half of its initial value.
See Primary transcript and Half-life
Histone
In biology, histones are highly basic proteins abundant in lysine and arginine residues that are found in eukaryotic cell nuclei and in most Archaeal phyla.
See Primary transcript and Histone
Hydrogen bond
In chemistry, a hydrogen bond (or H-bond) is primarily an electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen (H) atom which is covalently bonded to a more electronegative "donor" atom or group (Dn), and another electronegative atom bearing a lone pair of electrons—the hydrogen bond acceptor (Ac).
See Primary transcript and Hydrogen bond
Intron
An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is not expressed or operative in the final RNA product.
See Primary transcript and Intron
Leukemia
Leukemia (also spelled leukaemia; pronounced) is a group of blood cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and produce high numbers of abnormal blood cells.
See Primary transcript and Leukemia
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
See Primary transcript and Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Mature messenger RNA
Mature messenger RNA, often abbreviated as mature mRNA is a eukaryotic RNA transcript that has been spliced and processed and is ready for translation in the course of protein synthesis. Primary transcript and mature messenger RNA are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Mature messenger RNA
Mediator (coactivator)
Mediator is a multiprotein complex that functions as a transcriptional coactivator in all eukaryotes.
See Primary transcript and Mediator (coactivator)
Messenger RNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein. Primary transcript and messenger RNA are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Messenger RNA
Methotrexate
Methotrexate, formerly known as amethopterin, is a chemotherapy agent and immune-system suppressant.
See Primary transcript and Methotrexate
Molar concentration
Molar concentration (also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular, of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution.
See Primary transcript and Molar concentration
Nucleosome
A nucleosome is the basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes.
See Primary transcript and Nucleosome
Nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate.
See Primary transcript and Nucleotide
Outron
An outron is a nucleotide sequence at the 5' end of the primary transcript of a gene that is removed by a special form of RNA splicing during maturation of the final RNA product.
See Primary transcript and Outron
Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA).
See Primary transcript and Polyadenylation
Polypyrimidine tract
The polypyrimidine tract is a region of pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) that promotes the assembly of the spliceosome, the protein complex specialized for carrying out RNA splicing during the process of post-transcriptional modification.
See Primary transcript and Polypyrimidine tract
Post-transcriptional modification
Transcriptional modification or co-transcriptional modification is a set of biological processes common to most eukaryotic cells by which an RNA primary transcript is chemically altered following transcription from a gene to produce a mature, functional RNA molecule that can then leave the nucleus and perform any of a variety of different functions in the cell. Primary transcript and Post-transcriptional modification are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Post-transcriptional modification
Prokaryote
A prokaryote (less commonly spelled procaryote) is a single-cell organism whose cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
See Primary transcript and Prokaryote
Promoter (genetics)
In genetics, a promoter is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream of the promoter.
See Primary transcript and Promoter (genetics)
R-loop
An R-loop is a three-stranded nucleic acid structure, composed of a DNA:RNA hybrid and the associated non-template single-stranded DNA.
See Primary transcript and R-loop
Retrovirus
A retrovirus is a type of virus that inserts a DNA copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell.
See Primary transcript and Retrovirus
Ribonucleoside
A ribonucleoside is a type of nucleoside including ribose as a component.
See Primary transcript and Ribonucleoside
Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. Primary transcript and Ribosomal RNA are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Ribosomal RNA
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA).
See Primary transcript and RNA
RNA polymerase
In molecular biology, RNA polymerase (abbreviated RNAP or RNApol), or more specifically DNA-directed/dependent RNA polymerase (DdRP), is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactions that synthesize RNA from a DNA template. Primary transcript and RNA polymerase are RNA.
See Primary transcript and RNA polymerase
RNA splicing
RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA). Primary transcript and RNA splicing are RNA.
See Primary transcript and RNA splicing
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center is a cancer research and treatment center located in Buffalo, New York.
See Primary transcript and Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
Sense (molecular biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, the sense of a nucleic acid molecule, particularly of a strand of DNA or RNA, refers to the nature of the roles of the strand and its complement in specifying a sequence of amino acids. Primary transcript and sense (molecular biology) are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Sense (molecular biology)
Silencer (genetics)
In genetics, a silencer is a DNA sequence capable of binding transcription regulation factors, called repressors.
See Primary transcript and Silencer (genetics)
Small nuclear RNA
Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is a class of small RNA molecules that are found within the splicing speckles and Cajal bodies of the cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells. Primary transcript and small nuclear RNA are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Small nuclear RNA
SnRNP
snRNPs (pronounced "snurps"), or small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, are RNA-protein complexes that combine with unmodified pre-mRNA and various other proteins to form a spliceosome, a large RNA-protein molecular complex upon which splicing of pre-mRNA occurs. Primary transcript and SnRNP are RNA.
See Primary transcript and SnRNP
Spliceosome
A spliceosome is a large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex found primarily within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Primary transcript and spliceosome are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Spliceosome
Splicing factor
A splicing factor is a protein involved in the removal of introns from strings of messenger RNA, so that the exons can bind together; the process takes place in particles known as spliceosomes.
See Primary transcript and Splicing factor
Trans-splicing
Trans-splicing is a special form of RNA processing where exons from two different primary RNA transcripts are joined end to end and ligated. Primary transcript and trans-splicing are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Trans-splicing
Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
See Primary transcript and Transcription (biology)
Transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.
See Primary transcript and Transcription factor
Transcriptome
The transcriptome is the set of all RNA transcripts, including coding and non-coding, in an individual or a population of cells. Primary transcript and transcriptome are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Transcriptome
Transfer RNA
Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and formerly referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length (in eukaryotes), that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. Primary transcript and Transfer RNA are RNA.
See Primary transcript and Transfer RNA
Translation (biology)
In biology, translation is the process in living cells in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates.
See Primary transcript and Translation (biology)
Uridine monophosphate
Uridine monophosphate (UMP), also known as 5′-uridylic acid (conjugate base uridylate), is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA.
See Primary transcript and Uridine monophosphate
References
Also known as Heterogeneous nuclear RNA, Heterogenous nuclear RNA, HnRNA, PRE-mRNA, Pre-messenger RNA, Precursor RNA, Precursor mRNA, Precursor messenger RNA, Preliminary messenger RNA, Premrna.