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153 relations: Acetyl group, Acetyl-CoA, Acetylation, Acetyltransferase, Activating transcription factor 2, Activator (genetics), Adenovirus early region 1A, Alpha helix, Amino acid, Androgen receptor, Animal, Apoptosis, ARNTL, ASF1 like histone chaperone, BCL6, Beta sheet, Beta-catenin, Bromodomain, C-jun, Ccaat-enhancer-binding proteins, Cell nucleus, Chromatin, Chromatin remodeling, Chromodomain, CIITA, CLOCK, CREB, Cytoplasm, DNA, DNA repair, DNA replication, Dosage compensation, Drosophila melanogaster, E2F, Electric charge, ELP3, Enzyme, Enzyme kinetics, Epigenetics, Epigenetics & Chromatin, Estrogen receptor alpha, ETV1, Euchromatin, Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1, FOXO1, FOXO4, Fungus, Garcinia indica, GATA1, GATA2, ..., GATA3, GATA4, General transcription factor, Genome, GTF3C1, GTF3C2, GTF3C4, HAT1, HeLa, Hepatitis D, Hepatocyte nuclear factors, Heterochromatin, High-mobility group, Histone, Histone acetylation and deacetylation, Histone code, Histone deacetylase, Histone H2A, Histone H2B, Histone H3, Histone H4, Histone methylation, Histone methyltransferase, Histone-modifying enzymes, HMGA1, HMGB1, HMGB2, HMGN1, HMGN2, Human, Huntingtin, Huntington's disease, Importin α, Integrin alpha 2b, IRF2, IRF7, KAT5, KAT7 (gene), KLF1, KLF13, KLF5, Ku70, Lysine, MECOM, Mediator (coactivator), MEF2C, Methyllysine, Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7, MYB (gene), Myc, MyoD, MYST1, MYST3, MYST4, NeuroD, Neurodegeneration, NF-κB, NFE2, Non-homologous end joining, NRIP1, Nuclear receptor coactivator 1, Nuclear receptor coactivator 2, Nuclear receptor coactivator 3, Nucleosome, Oncogene, Origin recognition complex, P300-CBP coactivator family, P53, P73, PCAF, Polyamine, Post-translational modification, Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Protein kinase, Purple mangosteen, Radiosensitizer, Retinoblastoma protein, RNA polymerase II, RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, RNA polymerase III, RUNX1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sp3 transcription factor, STAT3, STAT6, Sterol regulatory element-binding protein, TAF1, TAL1, Tat (HIV), TCF/LEF family, Telomere, Ternary complex, Testis-determining factor, Thymine-DNA glycosylase, Transcription (biology), Transcription factor, Transcription factor II D, Transcription factor II E, Transcription factor II F, Vise, Werner syndrome helicase, YY1, Zinc finger. Expand index (103 more) »
Acetyl group
In organic chemistry, acetyl is a moiety, the acyl with chemical formula CH3CO.
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Acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
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Acetylation
Acetylation (or in IUPAC nomenclature ethanoylation) describes a reaction that introduces an acetyl functional group into a chemical compound.
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Acetyltransferase
Acetyltransferase (or transacetylase) is a type of transferase enzyme that transfers an acetyl group.
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Activating transcription factor 2
Activating transcription factor 2, also known as ATF2, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATF2 gene.
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Activator (genetics)
A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases gene transcription of a gene or set of genes.
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Adenovirus early region 1A
Adenovirus early region 1A (E1a or E1A) is a gene expressed during adenovirus replication to produce a variety of (E1A) proteins.
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Alpha helix
The alpha helix (α-helix) is a common motif in the secondary structure of proteins and is a righthand-spiral conformation (i.e. helix) in which every backbone N−H group donates a hydrogen bond to the backbone C.
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Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
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Androgen receptor
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding any of the androgenic hormones, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus.
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Animal
Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.
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ARNTL
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 is protein that in humans is encoded by the ARNTL gene, also known as BMAL1, MOP3, and, less commonly, BHLHE5, BMAL, BMAL1C, JAP3, PASD3, and TIC.
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ASF1 like histone chaperone
In molecular biology, the ASF1 like histone chaperone family of proteins includes the yeast and human ASF1 proteins.
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BCL6
B-cell lymphoma 6 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL6 gene.
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Beta sheet
The β-sheet (also β-pleated sheet) is a common motif of regular secondary structure in proteins.
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Beta-catenin
Catenin beta-1, also known as β-catenin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNB1 gene.
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Bromodomain
A bromodomain is an approximately 110 amino acid protein domain that recognizes acetylated lysine residues, such as those on the N-terminal tails of histones.
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C-jun
c-Jun is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JUN gene.
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Ccaat-enhancer-binding proteins
CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (or C/EBPs) is a family of transcription factors composed of six members, named from C/EBPα to C/EBPζ.
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Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
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Chromatin
Chromatin is a complex of macromolecules found in cells, consisting of DNA, protein, and RNA.
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Chromatin remodeling
Chromatin remodeling is the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow access of condensed genomic DNA to the regulatory transcription machinery proteins, and thereby control gene expression.
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Chromodomain
A chromodomain (chromatin organization modifier) is a protein structural domain of about 40–50 amino acid residues commonly found in proteins associated with the remodeling and manipulation of chromatin.
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CIITA
CIITA is a human gene which encodes a protein called the class II, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator.
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CLOCK
Clock (Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput) is a gene encoding a basic helix-loop-helix-PAS transcription factor (CLOCK) that is believed to affect both the persistence and period of circadian rhythms.
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CREB
CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) is a cellular transcription factor.
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Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm is the material within a living cell, excluding the cell nucleus.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.
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DNA replication
In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.
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Dosage compensation
Dosage compensation is the process by which organisms equalize the expression of genes between members of different biological sexes.
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Drosophila melanogaster
Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (the taxonomic order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae.
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E2F
E2F is a group of genes that codifies a family of transcription factors (TF) in higher eukaryotes.
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Electric charge
Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
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ELP3
Elongator complex protein 3, also named KAT9, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ELP3 gene.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Enzyme kinetics
Enzyme kinetics is the study of the chemical reactions that are catalysed by enzymes.
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Epigenetics
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence.
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Epigenetics & Chromatin
Epigenetics & Chromatin is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that covers the biology of epigenetics and chromatin.
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Estrogen receptor alpha
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), also known as NR3A1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 1), is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor that is activated by the sex hormone estrogen.
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ETV1
ETS translocation variant 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ETV1 gene.
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Euchromatin
Euchromatin is a lightly packed form of chromatin (DNA, RNA, and protein) that is enriched in genes, and is often (but not always) under active transcription.
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Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1
Flap endonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FEN1 gene.
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FOXO1
Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) also known as forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXO1 gene.
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FOXO4
Forkhead box protein O4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXO4 gene.
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Fungus
A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
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Garcinia indica
Garcinia indica, a plant in the mangosteen family (Clusiaceae), commonly known as kokum, is a fruit-bearing tree that has culinary, pharmaceutical, and industrial uses.
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GATA1
GATA-binding factor 1 or GATA-1 (also termed Erythroid transcription factor) is the founding member of the GATA family of transcription factors.
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GATA2
GATA2 or GATA-binding factor 2 is a transcription factor, i.e. a nuclear protein which regulates the expression of genes.
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GATA3
GATA3 is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the GATA3 gene.
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GATA4
Transcription factor GATA-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GATA4 gene.
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General transcription factor
General transcription factors (GTFs), also known as basal transcriptional factors, are a class of protein transcription factors that bind to specific sites (promoter) on DNA to activate transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA.
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Genome
In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is the genetic material of an organism.
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GTF3C1
General transcription factor 3C polypeptide 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF3C1 gene.
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GTF3C2
General transcription factor 3C polypeptide 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF3C2 gene.
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GTF3C4
General transcription factor 3C polypeptide 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF3C4 gene.
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HAT1
Histone acetyltransferase 1, also known as HAT1, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the HAT1 gene.
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HeLa
HeLa (also Hela or hela) is a cell type in an immortal cell line used in scientific research.
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Hepatitis D
Hepatitis D (hepatitis delta) is a disease caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV), a small spherical enveloped virusoid.
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Hepatocyte nuclear factors
Hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) are a group of phylogenetically unrelated transcription factors that regulate the transcription of a diverse group of genes into proteins.
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Heterochromatin
Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA or condensed DNA, which comes in multiple varieties.
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High-mobility group
High-Mobility Group or HMG is a group of chromosomal proteins that are involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, recombination, and DNA repair.
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Histone
In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes.
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Histone acetylation and deacetylation
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome are acetylated and deacetylated as part of gene regulation.
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Histone code
The histone code is a hypothesis that the transcription of genetic information encoded in DNA is in part regulated by chemical modifications to histone proteins, primarily on their unstructured ends.
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Histone deacetylase
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups (O.
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Histone H2A
Histone H2A is one of the five main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells.
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Histone H2B
Histone H2B is one of the 5 main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells.
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Histone H3
Histone H3 is one of the five main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells.
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Histone H4
Histone H4 H4 is one of the five main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells.
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Histone methylation
Histone methylation is a process by which methyl groups are transferred to amino acids of histone proteins that make up nucleosomes, which the DNA double helix wraps around to form chromosomes.
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Histone methyltransferase
Histone methyltransferases (HMT) are histone-modifying enzymes (e.g., histone-lysine N-methyltransferases and histone-arginine N-methyltransferases), that catalyze the transfer of one, two, or three methyl groups to lysine and arginine residues of histone proteins.
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Histone-modifying enzymes
The packaging of the eukaryotic genome into highly condensed chromatin makes it inaccessible to the factors required for gene transcription, DNA replication, recombination and repair.
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HMGA1
High-mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGA1 gene.
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HMGB1
High mobility group box 1 protein, also known as high-mobility group protein 1 (HMG-1) and amphoterin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB1 gene.
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HMGB2
High-mobility group protein B2 also known as high-mobility group protein 2 (HMG-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB2 gene.
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HMGN1
Non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGN1 gene.
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HMGN2
Non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGN2 gene.
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Human
Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.
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Huntingtin
The huntingtin gene, also called the HTT or HD (Huntington disease) gene, is the IT15 ("interesting transcript 15") gene, which codes for a protein called the huntingtin protein.
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Huntington's disease
Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells.
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Importin α
Importin alpha, or karyopherin alpha refers to a class of adaptor proteins that are involved in the import of proteins into the cell nucleus.
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Integrin alpha 2b
Integrin alpha-IIb is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGA2B gene.
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IRF2
Interferon regulatory factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF2 gene.
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IRF7
Interferon regulatory factor 7, also known as IRF7, is a member of the interferon regulatory factor family of transcription factors.
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KAT5
Histone acetyltransferase KAT5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT5 gene.
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KAT7 (gene)
Histone acetyltransferase KAT7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT7 gene.
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KLF1
Krueppel-like factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLF1 gene.
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KLF13
Kruppel-like factor 13, also known as KLF13, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLF13 gene.
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KLF5
Krueppel-like factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLF5 gene.
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Ku70
Ku70 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the XRCC6 gene.
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Lysine
Lysine (symbol Lys or K) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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MECOM
MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus protein EVI1 (MECOM) also known as ecotropic virus integration site 1 protein homolog (EVI-1) or positive regulatory domain zinc finger protein 3 (PRDM3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MECOM gene.
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Mediator (coactivator)
Mediator is a multiprotein complex that functions as a transcriptional coactivator in all eukaryotes.
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MEF2C
Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C also known as MADS box transcription enhancer factor 2, polypeptide C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MEF2C gene.
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Methyllysine
In proteins, the amino acid residue lysine can be methylated once, twice or thrice on its terminal sidechain ammonium group.
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Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 or SMAD7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD7 gene.
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MYB (gene)
Myb proto-oncogene protein also known as transcriptional activator Myb is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYB gene.
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Myc
Myc is a family of regulator genes and proto-oncogenes that code for transcription factors.
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MyoD
MyoD is a protein that plays a major role in regulating muscle differentiation.
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MYST1
Probable histone acetyltransferase MYST1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MYST1 gene.
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MYST3
MYST histone acetyltransferase (monocytic leukemia) 3, also known as MYST3, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the MYST3 gene.
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MYST4
Histone acetyltransferase MYST4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MYST4 gene.
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NeuroD
NeuroD, also called Beta2, is a basic helix loop helix transcription factor expressed in certain parts of brain, beta pancreatic cells and enteroendocrine cells.
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Neurodegeneration
Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons.
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NF-κB
NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival.
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NFE2
Transcription factor NF-E2 45 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFE2 gene.
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Non-homologous end joining
Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a pathway that repairs double-strand breaks in DNA.
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NRIP1
Nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) also known as receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRIP1 gene.
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Nuclear receptor coactivator 1
The nuclear receptor coactivator 1 is a transcriptional coregulatory protein that contains several nuclear receptor interacting domains and an intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity.
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Nuclear receptor coactivator 2
The nuclear receptor coactivator 2 also known as NCoA-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCOA2 gene.
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Nuclear receptor coactivator 3
The nuclear receptor coactivator 3 also known as NCOA3 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the NCOA3 gene.
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Nucleosome
A nucleosome is a basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores.
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Oncogene
An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer.
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Origin recognition complex
In molecular biology, origin recognition complex (ORC) is a multi-subunit DNA binding complex (6 subunits) that binds in all eukaryotes in an ATP-dependent manner to origins of replication.
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P300-CBP coactivator family
The p300-CBP coactivator family is composed of two closely related transcriptional co-activating proteins (or coactivators).
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P53
Tumor protein p53, also known as p53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), phosphoprotein p53, tumor suppressor p53, antigen NY-CO-13, or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53), is any isoform of a protein encoded by homologous genes in various organisms, such as TP53 (humans) and Trp53 (mice).
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P73
p73 is a protein related to the p53 tumor protein.
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PCAF
P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), also known as K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2B (KAT2B), is a human gene and transcriptional coactivator associated with p53.
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Polyamine
A polyamine is an organic compound having more than two amino groups.
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Post-translational modification
Post-translational modification (PTM) refers to the covalent and generally enzymatic modification of proteins following protein biosynthesis.
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Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a DNA clamp that acts as a processivity factor for DNA polymerase δ in eukaryotic cells and is essential for replication.
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Protein kinase
A protein kinase is a kinase enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically adding phosphate groups to them (phosphorylation).
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Purple mangosteen
The purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), known simply as mangosteen, is a tropical evergreen tree believed to have originated in the Sunda Islands of the Malay archipelago and the Moluccas of Indonesia.
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Radiosensitizer
A radiosensitizer is an agent that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.
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Retinoblastoma protein
The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated pRb; gene name abbreviated RB or RB1) is a tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancers.
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RNA polymerase II
RNA polymerase II (RNAP II and Pol II) is a multiprotein complex.
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RNA polymerase II holoenzyme
RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells.
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RNA polymerase III
In eukaryote cells, RNA polymerase III (also called Pol III) transcribes DNA to synthesize ribosomal 5S rRNA, tRNA and other small RNAs.
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RUNX1
Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) also known as acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein (AML1) or core-binding factor subunit alpha-2 (CBFA2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX1 gene.
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a species of yeast.
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Sp3 transcription factor
Sp3 transcription factor, also known as SP3, refers to both a protein and the gene it is encoded by.
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STAT3
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor which in humans is encoded by the STAT3 gene.
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STAT6
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) is a human gene.
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Sterol regulatory element-binding protein
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that bind to the sterol regulatory element DNA sequence TCACNCCAC.
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TAF1
Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1, also known as transcription initiation factor TFIID 250 kDa subunit (TAFII-250) or TBP-associated factor 250 kDa (p250), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF1 gene.
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TAL1
T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 (i.e. TAL1 but also termed stem cell leukemia/T-cell acute leukemia 1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAL1 gene.
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Tat (HIV)
In molecular biology, Tat is a protein that is encoded for by the tat gene in HIV-1.
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TCF/LEF family
The TCF/LEF family is a group of transcription factors which bind to DNA through a high mobility group domain.
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Telomere
A telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome, which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration or from fusion with neighboring chromosomes.
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Ternary complex
A ternary complex is a protein complex containing three different molecules that are bound together.
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Testis-determining factor
Testis-determining factor (TDF), also known as sex-determining region Y (SRY) protein, is a DNA-binding protein (also known as gene-regulatory protein/transcription factor) encoded by the SRY gene that is responsible for the initiation of male sex determination in humans.
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Thymine-DNA glycosylase
G/T mismatch-specific thymine DNA glycosylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TDG gene.
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Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (especially mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
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Transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.
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Transcription factor II D
Transcription factor II D (TFIID) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.
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Transcription factor II E
Transcription factor II E (TFIIE) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.
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Transcription factor II F
Transcription factor IIF (TFIIF) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.
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Vise
A vise (American English) or vice (British English) is a mechanical apparatus used to secure an object to allow work to be performed on it.
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Werner syndrome helicase
"Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase" also known as DNA helicase, RecQ-like type 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the WRN gene.
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YY1
YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene.
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Zinc finger
A zinc finger is a small protein structural motif that is characterized by the coordination of one or more zinc ions (Zn2+) in order to stabilize the fold.
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Redirects here:
Acetyl-CoA:histone acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.48, HATs, Histone acetyl transferase, Histone acetyl transferases, Histone acetylase, Histone acetylation, Histone acetyltransferases.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_acetyltransferase
