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Black Panther Party

Index Black Panther Party

The Black Panther Party or the BPP (originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was a political organization founded by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton in October 1966. [1]

239 relations: African Americans, Agent provocateur, Alex Rackley, Algeria, Almighty Black P. Stone Nation, Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Angela Davis, Anti-Defamation League, Anti-fascism, Anti-imperialism, Anti-racism, Asia, Assata Shakur, Assata's Daughters, Atlanta, Baltimore, Berkeley, California, Betty Shabazz, Black feminism, Black Liberation Army, Black nationalism, Black Panther Party, Black Panther Party, Winston-Salem, North Carolina Chapter, Black Panthers (Israel), Black Power, Bob Avakian, Bobby Hutton, Bobby Rush, Bobby Seale, Bodyguard, Boston, British Black Panthers, Bunchy Carter, California State Assembly, Charles Barron, Charles Garry, Chicago, Chicago City Council, China, Civil rights movement, Cleveland, COINTELPRO, Congress of Racial Equality, Conscription in the United States, Counterculture of the 1960s, Crips, Dalit Panthers, Dallas, David Hilliard, David Horowitz, ..., Denby High School, Denis Walker (activist), Denver, Denzil Dowell, Detroit, Edward Hanrahan, Elaine Brown, Eldridge Cleaver, Elijah Muhammad, Entryism, Ericka Huggins, Extortion, Far-left politics, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Food security, Fred Hampton, Free Breakfast for Children, FrontPage Magazine, Gender equality, George Jackson Brigade, Geronimo Pratt, Google Books, Gray Panthers, Gun Control Act of 1968, Gun laws in California, H. Rap Brown, Hate group, Huey P. Newton, Huey P. Newton Gun Club, I Wor Kuen, International Olympic Committee, Israel, J. Edgar Hoover, Jane Fonda, Jean Genet, Jiang Qing, Jim Crow laws, Joan Tarika Lewis, John Carlos, John Huggins, John Sinclair (poet), Jose Cha Cha Jimenez, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, Kansas City, Missouri, Kathleen Cleaver, Khalid Abdul Muhammad, Kim Il-sung, Ku Klux Klan, Las Vegas Valley, Leonard Bernstein, Lionel Wilson (politician), List of members of the Black Panther Party, London, Lonnie McLucas, Los Angeles, Los Angeles Times, M. Wesley Swearingen, Malcolm X, Mao Zedong, Maoism, Mark Clark (activist), Mark Essex, Martin Luther King Jr., Marxism–Leninism, Mary Williams (activist), Māori people, MC5, Merritt College, Mick Farren, Mizrahi Jews, Mulford Act, Murder of Betty Van Patter, NAACP, Nation of Islam, National Civil Rights Museum, National Urban League, Negroes with Guns, New Afrikan Black Panther Party, New Black Panther Party, New Communist movement, New Haven Black Panther trials, New Left, New Orleans, New Times (magazine), New York City, New Zealand, Newark, New Jersey, North Korea, North Vietnam, Oakland Police Department, Oakland, California, Omaha, Nebraska, Open carry in the United States, Pacific Islander, Paralysis, Patriot Party (1960s–1980s), PBS, Peace and Freedom Party, Peniel E. Joseph, Perjury, Philadelphia, Philip S. Foner, Pittsburgh, Police brutality, Police misconduct, Polynesian Panthers, Progressive Labor Party (United States), Protests of 1968, Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, Publicity stunt, Punk rock, Purdue University, Pyongyang, Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung, Racial segregation in the United States, Racism, Radical Chic & Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers, Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton), Ramparts (magazine), Red Guard Party, Red Power movement, Reformism, Regina Leader-Post, Renault Robinson, Republic of New Afrika, Revolutionary, Revolutionary Action Movement, Revolutionary socialism, Rice/Poindexter case, Richmond, California, Robert F. Williams, Rockabilly, San Diego, San Francisco, San Francisco Bay, San Francisco Chronicle, Seattle, Seattle Black Panther Party History and Memory Project, Sexism, Sickle cell disease, Soledad Brothers, Soul On Ice (book), South End Press, Southern Christian Leadership Conference, Southern Poverty Law Center, Spiro Agnew, Stokely Carmichael, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Students for a Democratic Society, Surveillance, Symbionese Liberation Army, Tampa Bay Times, Tanzania, Ten-Point Program, Texas, The Black Panther (newspaper), The Grays – Gray Panthers, The New York Times, The New Yorker, The Pink Panthers, The Revolutionary Black Panther Party, The San Diego Union-Tribune, The Seattle Times, Toledo, Ohio, Tom Wolfe, Tommie Smith, Torture, United Kingdom, United States, University of California Press, University of California, Berkeley, University of California, Los Angeles, Up Against the Wall Motherfucker, US Organization, Warren Kimbro, Washington, D.C., Watts riots, Weather Underground, White Panther Party, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Womanism, World communism, World War II, Yasser Arafat, Young Lords, Zhou Enlai, 1968 Olympics Black Power salute, 1968 Summer Olympics, 504 Sit-in. Expand index (189 more) »

African Americans

African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.

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Agent provocateur

An agent provocateur (French for "inciting agent") is a person who commits, or who acts to entice another person to commit an illegal or rash act or falsely implicate them in partaking in an illegal act.

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Alex Rackley

Alex Rackley (June 2, 1949 – May 20, 1969) was a member of the New York chapter of the Black Panther Party in the late 1960s.

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Algeria

Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.

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Almighty Black P. Stone Nation

The Almighty Black P. Stone Nation, or BPSN, is an American street gang founded in Chicago, estimated to have more than 100,000 members.

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Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability.

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Angela Davis

Angela Yvonne Davis (born January 26, 1944) is an American political activist, academic, and author.

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Anti-Defamation League

The Anti-Defamation League (ADL; formerly known as the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith) is an international Jewish non-governmental organization based in the United States.

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Anti-fascism

Anti-fascism is opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals.

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Anti-imperialism

Anti-imperialism in political science and international relations is a term used in a variety of contexts, usually by nationalist movements who want to secede from a larger polity (usually in the form of an empire, but also in a multi-ethnic sovereign state) or as a specific theory opposed to capitalism in Marxist–Leninist discourse, derived from Vladimir Lenin's work Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism.

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Anti-racism

Anti-racism includes beliefs, actions, movements, and policies adopted or developed to oppose racism.

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Asia

Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.

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Assata Shakur

Assata Olugbala Shakur (born JoAnne Deborah Byron; July 16, 1947, sometimes referred to by her married surname Chesimard) is a former member of the Black Liberation Army, who was convicted (under New Jersey's "aiding and abetting" statute) of the first-degree murder of State Trooper Werner Foerster during a shootout on the New Jersey Turnpike in 1973.

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Assata's Daughters

Assata's Daughters is an organization of young African-American women and girls in Chicago, protesting against police violence.

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Atlanta

Atlanta is the capital city and most populous municipality of the state of Georgia in the United States.

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Baltimore

Baltimore is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland, and the 30th-most populous city in the United States.

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Berkeley, California

Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County, California.

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Betty Shabazz

Betty Shabazz (May 28, 1934 – June 23, 1997), born Betty Dean Sanders and also known as Betty X, was an American educator and civil rights advocate.

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Black feminism

Black feminism is a school of thought stating that sexism, class oppression, gender identity and racism are inextricably bound together.

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Black Liberation Army

The Black Liberation Army (BLA) was an underground Black Power organization that operated in the United States from 1970 to 1981.

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Black nationalism

Black nationalism is a type of nationalism which espouses the belief that black people are a nation and seeks to develop and maintain a black identity.

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Black Panther Party

The Black Panther Party or the BPP (originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was a political organization founded by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton in October 1966.

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Black Panther Party, Winston-Salem, North Carolina Chapter

The Winston-Salem, North Carolina chapter of the Black Panther Party (BPP), an African-American revolutionary organization, was founded in Winston-Salem, NC in 1969 and active into 1978.

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Black Panthers (Israel)

The Black Panthers (הפנתרים השחורים, translit. HaPanterim HaShhorim) were an Israeli protest movement of second-generation Jewish immigrants from North Africa and Middle Eastern countries.

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Black Power

Black Power is a political slogan and a name for various associated ideologies aimed at achieving self-determination for people of African descent.

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Bob Avakian

Robert Bruce "Bob" Avakian (born March 7, 1943) is an American political activist and Chairman of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA (RCP), a Marxist-Leninist-Maoist organization founded in 1975.

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Bobby Hutton

Robert James Hutton, or "Lil' Bobby" (April 21, 1950 – April 6, 1968) was the treasurer and first recruit to join the Black Panther Party.

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Bobby Rush

Bobby Lee Rush (born November 23, 1946) is an American politician, civil rights leader and pastor.

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Bobby Seale

Robert George "Bobby" Seale (born October 22, 1936) is an American political activist.

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Bodyguard

A bodyguard (or close protection officer) is a type of security guard or government law enforcement officer or soldier who protects a person or people — usually high-ranking public officials or officers, wealthy people, and celebrities — from danger: generally theft, assault, kidnapping, assassination, harassment, loss of confidential information, threats, or other criminal offences.

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Boston

Boston is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.

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British Black Panthers

The British Black Panthers or the British Black Panther movement (BBP) was a black power organization in the United Kingdom that fought for the rights of black people and peoples of colour in the country.

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Bunchy Carter

Alprentice "Bunchy" Carter (October 12, 1942 – January 17, 1969) was an American activist.

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California State Assembly

The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature.

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Charles Barron

Charles Barron (born October 7, 1950) is an American activist and politician who currently represents the 60th District of the New York Assembly.

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Charles Garry

Charles R. Garry (March 17, 1909 – August 16, 1991) was an American civil rights attorney who represented a number of high-profile clients in political cases during the 1960s and 1970s, including representing the Peoples Temple in Jonestown during the 1978 tragedy that occurred there, and Huey P. Newton during Capital Murder trial of 1968.

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Chicago

Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third most populous city in the United States, after New York City and Los Angeles.

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Chicago City Council

The Chicago City Council is the legislative branch of the government of the City of Chicago in Illinois.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Civil rights movement

The civil rights movement (also known as the African-American civil rights movement, American civil rights movement and other terms) was a decades-long movement with the goal of securing legal rights for African Americans that other Americans already held.

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Cleveland

Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio, and the county seat of Cuyahoga County.

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COINTELPRO

COINTELPRO (Portmanteau derived from '''CO'''unter '''INTEL'''ligence PROgram) (1956-1971) was a series of covert, and at times illegal, projects conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic political organizations.

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Congress of Racial Equality

The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) is an African-American civil rights organization in the United States that played a pivotal role for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement.

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Conscription in the United States

Conscription in the United States, commonly known as the draft, has been employed by the federal government of the United States in five conflicts: the American Revolution, the American Civil War, World War I, World War II, and the Cold War (including both the Korean War and the Vietnam War).

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Counterculture of the 1960s

The counterculture of the 1960s refers to an anti-establishment cultural phenomenon that developed first in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US) and then spread throughout much of the Western world between the mid-1960s and the mid-1970s, with London, New York City, and San Francisco being hotbeds of early countercultural activity.

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Crips

The Crips, also known as Original Crip Homies (OCH), are a gang based in the coastal regions of Southern California.

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Dalit Panthers

Dalit Panthers is a social organisation that seeks to combat caste discrimination.

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Dallas

Dallas is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.

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David Hilliard

David Hilliard (born May 15, 1942) was a member of the Black Panther Party.

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David Horowitz

David Joel Horowitz (born January 10, 1939) is an American conservative writer.

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Denby High School

The Edwin C. Denby High School is a public secondary education school located at 12800 Kelly Road in northeastern Detroit, Michigan.

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Denis Walker (activist)

Denis Walker (born 2 December 1947, died 4 December 2017), also known as Bejam Kunmunara Jarlow Nunukel Kabool, was an Australian activist.

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Denver

Denver, officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado.

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Denzil Dowell

The shooting of Denzil F. Dowell (April 4, 1944 – April 1, 1967), an African-American resident of North Richmond, California, occurred on April 1, 1967.

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Detroit

Detroit is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.

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Edward Hanrahan

Edward Vincent Hanrahan (March 11, 1921 – June 9, 2009) was a Cook County, Illinois State's Attorney who had been groomed as a prospective successor to Mayor of Chicago Richard J. Daley.

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Elaine Brown

Elaine Brown (born March 2, 1943) is an American prison activist, writer, singer, and former Black Panther Party chairwoman who is based in Oakland, California.

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Eldridge Cleaver

Leroy Eldridge Cleaver (August 31, 1935 – May 1, 1998) was an American writer and political activist who became an early leader of the Black Panther Party.

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Elijah Muhammad

Elijah Muhammad (born Elijah Robert Poole; October 7, 1897 – February 25, 1975) was a black religious leader, who led the Nation of Islam (NOI) from 1934 until his death in 1975.

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Entryism

Entryism (also referred to as entrism or enterism, or as infiltration) is a political strategy in which an organisation or state encourages its members or supporters to join another, usually larger, organisation in an attempt to expand influence and expand their ideas and program.

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Ericka Huggins

Ericka Huggins (née Jenkins; born January 5, 1948) is an American activist and educator.

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Extortion

Extortion (also called shakedown, outwrestling and exaction) is a criminal offense of obtaining money, property, or services from an individual or institution, through coercion.

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Far-left politics

Far-left politics are political views located further on the left of the left-right spectrum than the standard political left.

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Federal Bureau of Investigation

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), formerly the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, and its principal federal law enforcement agency.

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Food security

Food security is a condition related to the availability of food supply, group of people such as (ethnicities, racial, cultural and religious groups) as well as individuals' access to it.

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Fred Hampton

Fred Hampton (August 30, 1948 – December 4, 1969) was an African-American activist and revolutionary, chairman of the Illinois chapter of the Black Panther Party (BPP), and deputy chairman of the national BPP.

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Free Breakfast for Children

The Free Breakfast for School Children Program was a community service program run by the Black Panther Party as an early manifestation of the social mission envisioned by founders Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale along with their founding of the Oakland Community School, which provided high-level education to 150 children from impoverished urban neighborhoods.

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FrontPage Magazine

FrontPage Magazine (also known as FrontPageMag.com) is an online right-wing political website, edited by David Horowitz and published by the David Horowitz Freedom Center.

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Gender equality

Gender equality, also known as sexual equality, is the state of equal ease of access to resources and opportunities regardless of gender, including economic participation and decision-making; and the state of valuing different behaviors, aspirations and needs equally, regardless of gender.

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George Jackson Brigade

The George Jackson Brigade, was a revolutionary group based in Seattle, Washington, which was named after George Jackson, a dissident prisoner and Black Panther member shot and killed during an alleged escape attempt at San Quentin Prison in 1971.

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Geronimo Pratt

Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt (September 13, 1947 – June 2, 2011), also known as Geronimo Ji-Jaga and Geronimo Ji-Jaga Pratt, was a decorated military veteran and a high-ranking member of the Black Panther Party in the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

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Google Books

Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search and Google Print and by its codename Project Ocean) is a service from Google Inc. that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.

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Gray Panthers

The Gray Panthers are a series of multi-generational local advocacy networks in the United States which confront ageism and many other social justice issues.

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Gun Control Act of 1968

The Gun Control Act of 1968 (GCA or GCA68) is a U.S. federal law that regulates the firearms industry and firearms owners.

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Gun laws in California

Gun laws in California regulate the sale, possession, and use of firearms and ammunition in the state of California in the United States.

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H. Rap Brown

Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin (born Hubert Gerold Brown; October 4, 1943), also known as H. Rap Brown, was the fifth chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in the 1960s, and during a short lived (six months) alliance between SNCC and the Black Panther Party, he served as their minister of justice.

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Hate group

A hate group is a social group that advocates and practices hatred, hostility, or violence towards members of a race, ethnicity, nation, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation or any other designated sector of society.

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Huey P. Newton

Huey Percy Newton was an African-American political activist and communist revolutionary who, along with Bobby Seale, co-founded the Black Panther Party in 1966.

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Huey P. Newton Gun Club

The Huey P. Newton Gun Club is a group named after Black Panther Party founder Huey P. Newton.

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I Wor Kuen

I Wor Kuen (traditional Chinese: 義和拳; simplified Chinese: 义和拳; pinyin: Yìhé Quán; Cantonese Yale: Yih-wò Kyuhn) was a radical Marxist Asian American collective that originally formed in 1969 in New York City’s Chinatown.

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International Olympic Committee

The International Olympic Committee (IOC; French: Comité International Olympique, CIO) is a Swiss private non-governmental organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, which is the authority responsible for the modern Olympic Games.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

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J. Edgar Hoover

John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was an American law enforcement administrator and the first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the United States.

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Jane Fonda

Jane Seymour Fonda (born December 21, 1937) is an American actress, writer, political activist, former fashion model and fitness guru.

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Jean Genet

Jean Genet (–) was a French novelist, playwright, poet, essayist, and political activist.

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Jiang Qing

Jiang Qing (March 19, 1914May 14, 1991), also known as Madame Mao, was a Chinese Communist Revolutionary, Chinese actress, and major political figure during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76).

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Jim Crow laws

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

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Joan Tarika Lewis

Joan Tarika Lewis (a.k.a. Tarika Lewis, Tarika Matilaba) is a visual artist, musician, author, and political activist.

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John Carlos

John Wesley Carlos (born June 5, 1945) is an American former track and field athlete and professional football player.

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John Huggins

John Jerome Huggins, Jr. (February 11, 1945 – January 17, 1969) was an American activist.

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John Sinclair (poet)

John Sinclair (born October 2, 1941) is an American poet, writer, and political activist from Flint, Michigan.

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Jose Cha Cha Jimenez

José (Cha-Cha) Jiménez (born August 8, 1948) is the founder of the Young Lords as a national human rights movement.

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Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly

Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the field of communication and media studies.

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Kansas City, Missouri

Kansas City is the largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri.

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Kathleen Cleaver

Kathleen Neal Cleaver (born May 13, 1945) is an American professor of law, known for her involvement with the communist movement and the Black Panther Party.

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Khalid Abdul Muhammad

Khalid Abdul Muhammad (born Harold Moore Jr.; January 12, 1948 – February 17, 2001) was an American black nationalist who came to prominence as a leader in the Nation of Islam and then the New Black Panther Party.

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Kim Il-sung

Kim Il-sung (or Kim Il Sung) (born Kim Sŏng-ju; 15 April 1912 – 8 July 1994) was the first leader of North Korea, from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.

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Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan, commonly called the KKK or simply the Klan, refers to three distinct secret movements at different points in time in the history of the United States.

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Las Vegas Valley

The Las Vegas Valley is a major metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada.

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Leonard Bernstein

Leonard Bernstein (August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, author, music lecturer, and pianist.

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Lionel Wilson (politician)

Lionel Joseph Wilson (March 14, 1915 – January 23, 1998) was a black political figure and a member of the Democratic Party.

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List of members of the Black Panther Party

This is a list of members of the Black Panther Party, including those notable for being Panthers as well as former Panthers who became notable for other reasons.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Lonnie McLucas

Lonnie McLucas was a Black Panther Party member in Bridgeport, Connecticut who was found guilty of the May 21, 1969 murder of New York City Panther Alex Rackley, in the first of the New Haven Black Panther trials in 1970.

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Los Angeles

Los Angeles (Spanish for "The Angels";; officially: the City of Los Angeles; colloquially: by its initials L.A.) is the second-most populous city in the United States, after New York City.

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Los Angeles Times

The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper which has been published in Los Angeles, California since 1881.

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M. Wesley Swearingen

Mont Wesley Swearingen (born May 20, 1927; Steubenville, Ohio) is a former FBI Special Agent from 1951 to 1977, and the author of FBI Secrets, and To Kill a President, an examination of the John F. Kennedy assassination.

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Malcolm X

Malcolm X (19251965) was an African-American Muslim minister and human rights activist.

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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), commonly known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who became the founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.

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Maoism

Maoism, known in China as Mao Zedong Thought, is a political theory derived from the teachings of the Chinese political leader Mao Zedong, whose followers are known as Maoists.

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Mark Clark (activist)

Mark Clark (June 28, 1947 – December 4, 1969) was an American activist and member of the Black Panther Party.

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Mark Essex

Mark James Robert Essex (August 12, 1949 – January 7, 1973) was an American mass murderer who killed nine people, including five policemen, and wounded 13 others in New Orleans on December 31, 1972, and January 7, 1973.

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Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement from 1954 until his death in 1968.

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Marxism–Leninism

In political science, Marxism–Leninism is the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, of the Communist International and of Stalinist political parties.

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Mary Williams (activist)

Mary Luana Williams (born October 13, 1967) is an American social activist and writer who wrote The Lost Daughter: A Memoir about her life.

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Māori people

The Māori are the indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand.

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MC5

MC5 was an American rock band from Lincoln Park, Michigan, formed in 1964.

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Merritt College

Merritt College is a two-year community college located in the Oakland Hills section of Oakland in Alameda County, California.

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Mick Farren

Michael Anthony Farren (3 September 1943 – 27 July 2013) was an English journalist, author and singer associated with counterculture and the UK underground.

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Mizrahi Jews

Mizrahi Jews, Mizrahim (מִזְרָחִים), also referred to as Edot HaMizrach ("Communities of the East"; Mizrahi Hebrew), ("Sons of the East"), or Oriental Jews, are descendants of local Jewish communities in the Middle East from biblical times into the modern era.

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Mulford Act

The Mulford Act was a 1967 California bill that repealed a law allowing public carrying of loaded firearms.

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Murder of Betty Van Patter

Betty Louise Van Patter (October 12, 1929 – December 13, 1974 or January 17, 1975), born Betty Louise Floyd, was a bookkeeper who worked for the Black Panther Party.

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NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as a bi-racial organization to advance justice for African Americans by a group, including, W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington and Moorfield Storey.

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Nation of Islam

The Nation of Islam, abbreviated as NOI, is an African American political and religious movement, founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad on July 4, 1930.

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National Civil Rights Museum

The National Civil Rights Museum is a complex of museums and historic buildings in Memphis, Tennessee; its exhibits trace the history of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States from the 17th century to the present.

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National Urban League

The National Urban League (NUL), formerly known as the National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes, is a nonpartisan civil rights organization based in New York City that advocates on behalf of African Americans and against racial discrimination in the United States.

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Negroes with Guns

Negroes with Guns is a 1962 book by civil rights activist Robert F. Williams.

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New Afrikan Black Panther Party

The New Afrikan Black Panther Party (NABPP) is a revolutionary socialist organization in the United States.

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New Black Panther Party

The New Black Panther Party for Self-Defense (NBPP) is a U.S.-based black nationalist organization founded in Dallas, Texas, in 1989.

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New Communist movement

The New Communist Movement (NCM) was a Marxist–Leninist political movement of the 1970s and 1980s in the United States.

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New Haven Black Panther trials

In 1970 there was a series of criminal prosecutions in New Haven, Connecticut against various members of the Black Panther Party.

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New Left

The New Left was a broad political movement mainly in the 1960s and 1970s consisting of activists in the Western world who campaigned for a broad range of social issues such as civil and political rights, feminism, gay rights, abortion rights, gender roles and drug policy reforms.

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New Orleans

New Orleans (. Merriam-Webster.; La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.

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New Times (magazine)

New Times was an American glossy bi-weekly national magazine published from 1973 to 1979 by George A. Hirsch.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Newark, New Jersey

Newark is the most populous city in the U.S. state of New Jersey and the seat of Essex County.

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North Korea

North Korea (Chosŏn'gŭl:조선; Hanja:朝鮮; Chosŏn), officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (abbreviated as DPRK, PRK, DPR Korea, or Korea DPR), is a country in East Asia constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula.

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North Vietnam

North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) (Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, although it did not achieve widespread recognition until 1954.

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Oakland Police Department

The Oakland Police Department (OPD) is a law enforcement agency responsible for policing the city of Oakland, California, United States.

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Oakland, California

Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States.

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Omaha, Nebraska

Omaha is the largest city in the state of Nebraska and the county seat of Douglas County.

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Open carry in the United States

In the United States, open carry refers to the practice of "openly carrying a firearm in public", as distinguished from concealed carry, where firearms cannot be seen by the casual observer.

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Pacific Islander

Pacific Islanders or Pasifikas are the peoples of the Pacific Islands.

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Paralysis

Paralysis is a loss of muscle function for one or more muscles.

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Patriot Party (1960s–1980s)

The Patriot Party was an American socialist organization of the late 1960s and early 1970s that organized poor, rural whites in the Appalachian South and Pacific Northwest.

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PBS

The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor.

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Peace and Freedom Party

The Peace and Freedom Party (PFP) is a left-wing political party with affiliates and former members in more than a dozen American states, including California, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Indiana and Utah, but none now have ballot status besides California.

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Peniel E. Joseph

Peniel E. Joseph is a renowned scholar, teacher and a leading public voice on race issues holds a joint professorship appointment at the LBJ School of Public Affairs and the History Department in the College of Liberal Arts at The University of Texas at Austin.

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Perjury

Perjury is the intentional act of swearing a false oath or falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth, whether spoken or in writing, concerning matters a generation material to an official proceeding.

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Philadelphia

Philadelphia is the largest city in the U.S. state and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the sixth-most populous U.S. city, with a 2017 census-estimated population of 1,580,863.

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Philip S. Foner

Philip Sheldon Foner (December 14, 1910 – December 13, 1994) was an American labor historian and teacher.

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Pittsburgh

Pittsburgh is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and is the county seat of Allegheny County.

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Police brutality

Police brutality is one of several forms of police misconduct which involves undue violence by police members.

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Police misconduct

Police misconduct refers to inappropriate conduct and or illegal actions taken by police officers in connection with their official duties.

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Polynesian Panthers

The Polynesian Panther Party was a revolutionary movement founded by New Zealand born Polynesians on 16 June 1971.

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Progressive Labor Party (United States)

The Progressive Labor Party (PLP) is a Marxist–Leninist political party based primarily in the United States established in January 1962 as the Progressive Labor Movement following a split in the Communist Party USA, adopting its new name at a convention held in the spring of 1965.

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Protests of 1968

The protests of 1968 comprised a worldwide escalation of social conflicts, predominantly characterized by popular rebellions against military and bureaucratic elites, who responded with an escalation of political repression.

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Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam

The Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, or PRG, was formed on June 8, 1969, as an underground government opposed to the government of the Republic of Vietnam under President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu.

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Publicity stunt

A publicity stunt is a planned event designed to attract the public's attention to the event's organizers or their cause.

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Punk rock

Punk rock (or "punk") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.

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Purdue University

Purdue University is a public research university in West Lafayette, Indiana and is the flagship campus of the Purdue University system.

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Pyongyang

Pyongyang, or P'yŏngyang, is the capital and largest city of North Korea.

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Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung

Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung is a book of statements from speeches and writings by Mao Zedong (formerly romanized as Mao Tse-tung), the former Chairman of the Communist Party of China, published from 1964 to about 1976 and widely distributed during the Cultural Revolution.

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Racial segregation in the United States

Racial segregation in the United States, as a general term, includes the segregation or separation of access to facilities, services, and opportunities such as housing, medical care, education, employment, and transportation along racial lines.

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Racism

Racism is the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which often results in discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity.

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Radical Chic & Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers

Radical Chic & Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers is a 1970 book by Tom Wolfe.

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Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

The Rainbow Coalition was a coalition active in the late 1960s and early 1970s, founded in Chicago, Illinois by Fred Hampton of the activist Black Panther Party, along with William "Preacherman" Fesperman, Jack (Junebug) Boykin, Bobby Joe Mcginnis and Hy Thurman of the Young Patriots Organization and the founder of the Young Lords as a civil and human rights movement Jose Cha Cha Jimenez.

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Ramparts (magazine)

Ramparts was a glossy illustrated American political and literary magazine, published from 1962 to 1975 and closely associated with the New Left political movement.

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Red Guard Party

The Red Guard was a radical Chinese-American street youth organization formed in February 1969.

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Red Power movement

The Red Power movement was a social movement led by American Indian youth to demand self-determination for Indians in the United States.

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Reformism

Reformism is a political doctrine advocating the reform of an existing system or institution instead of its abolition and replacement.

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Regina Leader-Post

The Regina Leader-Post is the daily newspaper of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, and a member of the Postmedia Network.

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Renault Robinson

Renault Anthony Robinson (born September 8, 1942) is an American former police officer for the Chicago Police Department, which he served from 1964 to 1983.

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Republic of New Afrika

The Republic of New Afrika (RNA) was founded in 1968 and is a Black separatist idea popularized within Black nationalist and Black supremacist groups in the United States.

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Revolutionary

A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates revolution.

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Revolutionary Action Movement

Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM) was a U.S.-based revolutionary black nationalist group in operation from 1962 to 1969.

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Revolutionary socialism

Revolutionary socialism is the socialist doctrine that social revolution is necessary in order to bring about structural changes to society.

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Rice/Poindexter case

David Rice (1947 – March 11, 2016) (also known as Mondo we Langa) and Edward Poindexter were charged and convicted of the murder of Omaha Police Officer Larry Minard.

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Richmond, California

Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States.

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Robert F. Williams

Robert Franklin Williams (February 26, 1925 – October 15, 1996) was an American civil rights leader and author best known for serving as president of the Monroe, North Carolina chapter of the NAACP in the 1950s and into 1961.

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Rockabilly

Rockabilly is one of the earliest styles of rock and roll music, dating back to the early 1950s in the United States, especially the South.

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San Diego

San Diego (Spanish for 'Saint Didacus') is a major city in California, United States.

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San Francisco

San Francisco (initials SF;, Spanish for 'Saint Francis'), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California.

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San Francisco Bay

San Francisco Bay is a shallow estuary in the US state of California.

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San Francisco Chronicle

The San Francisco Chronicle is a newspaper serving primarily the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California.

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Seattle

Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States.

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Seattle Black Panther Party History and Memory Project

The Black Panther Party History and Memory Project is a multimedia effort to chronicle the Seattle chapter of the Black Panther Party.

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Sexism

Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on a person's sex or gender.

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Sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of blood disorders typically inherited from a person's parents.

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Soledad Brothers

The Soledad Brothers were three African-American inmates charged with the murder of a white prison guard, John Vincent Mills, at California's Soledad Prison on January 16, 1970.

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Soul On Ice (book)

Soul On Ice is a memoir and collection of essays by Eldridge Cleaver.

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South End Press

South End Press was a non-profit book publisher run on a model of participatory economics.

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Southern Christian Leadership Conference

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is an African-American civil rights organization.

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Southern Poverty Law Center

The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) is an American nonprofit legal advocacy organization specializing in civil rights and public interest litigation.

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Spiro Agnew

Spiro Theodore "Ted" Agnew (November 9, 1918 – September 17, 1996) was the 39th Vice President of the United States, serving from 1969 to his resignation in 1973.

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Stokely Carmichael

Kwame Ture (born Stokely Carmichael, June 29, 1941November 15, 1998) was a Trinidadian-born prominent organizer in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States and the global Pan-African movement.

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Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC, often pronounced) was one of the major Civil Rights Movement organizations of the 1960s.

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Students for a Democratic Society

Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was a student activist movement in the United States that was one of the main representations of the New Left.

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Surveillance

Surveillance is the monitoring of behavior, activities, or other changing information for the purpose of influencing, managing, directing, or protecting people.

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Symbionese Liberation Army

The United Federated Forces of the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) was an American left-wing revolutionary and domestic terrorist organization active between 1973 and 1975 that considered itself a vanguard army.

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Tampa Bay Times

The Tampa Bay Times, previously named the St.

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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a sovereign state in eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

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Ten-Point Program

The Ten-Point Program, or The Black Panther Party for Self-Defense Ten-Point Platform and Program, is a set of guidelines to the Black Panther Party and states their ideals and ways of operation, a "combination of a Bill of Rights and a Declaration of Independence." The document was created in 1966 by the founders of the Black Panther Party, Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, whose political thoughts lay within the realm of Marxism and Black Nationalism.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.

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The Black Panther (newspaper)

The Black Panther was the official newspaper of the Black Panther Party.

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The Grays – Gray Panthers

The Greys – Grey Panthers was a German political party and interest group founded by activist Trude Unruh.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The New Yorker

The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.

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The Pink Panthers

The Pink Panthers name has been used for several different LGBT rights organizations in North America since the 1970s.

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The Revolutionary Black Panther Party

The Revolutionary Black Panther Party or RBPP is a revolutionary pan-Africanist organization, advocating for black nationalism.

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The San Diego Union-Tribune

The San Diego Union-Tribune is an American metropolitan daily newspaper, published in San Diego, California. Its name derives from a 1992 merger between the two major daily newspapers at the time, The San Diego Union and the San Diego Evening Tribune. The name changed to U-T San Diego in 2012 but was changed again to The San Diego Union-Tribune in 2015. In 2015, it was acquired by Tribune Publishing, later renamed tronc. In February 2018 it was announced to be sold, along with the Los Angeles Times, to Patrick Soon-Shiong's investment firm Nant Capital LLC for $500 million plus $90m in pension liabilities. The sale closed on June 18, 2018.

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The Seattle Times

The Seattle Times is a daily newspaper serving Seattle, Washington, United States.

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Toledo, Ohio

Toledo is a city in and the county seat of Lucas County, Ohio, United States.

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Tom Wolfe

Thomas Kennerly Wolfe Jr. (March 2, 1930Some sources say 1931; the New York Times and Reuters both initially reported 1931 in their obituaries before changing to 1930. See and – May 14, 2018) was an American author and journalist widely known for his association with New Journalism, a style of news writing and journalism developed in the 1960s and 1970s that incorporated literary techniques.

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Tommie Smith

Tommie C. Smith (born June 6, 1944) is an American former track & field athlete and wide receiver in the American Football League.

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Torture

Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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University of California Press

University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.

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University of California, Berkeley

The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public research university in Berkeley, California.

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University of California, Los Angeles

The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public research university in the Westwood district of Los Angeles, United States.

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Up Against the Wall Motherfucker

Up Against the Wall Motherfucker, often shortened as The Motherfuckers or UAW/MF, was an anarchist affinity group based in New York City.

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US Organization

US Organization, or Organization Us, is a Black nationalist group in the United States founded in 1965.

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Warren Kimbro

Warren Aloysious Kimbro (April 29, 1934 – February 3, 2009) was a Black Panther Party member in New Haven, Connecticut who was found guilty of the May 21, 1969, murder of New York City Panther Alex Rackley, in the first of the New Haven Black Panther trials in 1970.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Watts riots

The Watts riots, sometimes referred to as the Watts Rebellion, took place in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles from August 11 to 16, 1965.

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Weather Underground

The Weather Underground Organization (WUO), commonly known as the Weather Underground, was an American militant radical left-wing organization founded on the Ann Arbor campus of the University of Michigan.

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White Panther Party

The White Panthers were a far-left, anti-racist, white American political collective founded in 1968 by Pun Plamondon, Leni Sinclair, and John Sinclair.

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Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Winston-Salem is a city in and the county seat of Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States. With a 2015 estimated population of 241,218, it is the second largest municipality in the Piedmont Triad region and the 5th-most populous city in North Carolina, and the 89th-most populous city in the United States. Winston-Salem is home to the tallest office building in the region, 100 North Main Street, formerly the Wachovia Building and now known locally as the Wells Fargo Center. Winston-Salem is called the "Twin City" for its dual heritage and "City of the Arts and Innovation" for its dedication to fine arts and theater and technological research. "Camel City" is a reference to the city's historic involvement in the tobacco industry related to locally based R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company's Camel cigarettes. Many locals refer to the city as "Winston" in informal speech. Another nickname, "the Dash," comes from the (-) in the city's name, although technically it is a hyphen, not a dash; this nickname is only used by the local minor league baseball team, the Winston-Salem Dash. In 2012, the city was listed among the 10 best places to retire in the U.S. by CBS MoneyWatch.

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Womanism

Womanism is a social theory based on the discovery of the limitations of the second-wave feminism movement in regards to the history and experiences of black women, and other women of marginalized groups.

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World communism

World communism (also international communism and global communism) is a form of communism of international scope.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Yasser Arafat

Mohammed Yasser Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa (محمد ياسر عبد الرحمن عبد الرؤوف عرفات; 24 August 1929 – 11 November 2004), popularly known as Yasser Arafat (ياسر عرفات) or by his kunya Abu Ammar (أبو عمار), was a Palestinian political leader.

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Young Lords

The Young Lords, later Young Lords Organization and, in New York (notably Spanish Harlem), Young Lords Party, was a Puerto Rican leftist group in several United States cities, notably New York City, and in Lincoln Park, Chicago, the Neighborhood in which they were born.

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Zhou Enlai

Zhou Enlai (5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.

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1968 Olympics Black Power salute

The 1968 Olympics Human Rights Salute was a political demonstration conducted by African-American athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos during their medal ceremony on October 16, 1968, at the 1968 Summer Olympics in the Olympic Stadium in Mexico City.

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1968 Summer Olympics

The 1968 Summer Olympics (Spanish: Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1968), officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Mexico City, Mexico, in October 1968.

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504 Sit-in

The 504 Sit-in was a disability rights protest that began on April 5, 1977.

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BPPSD, Black Panther Movement, Black Panther Party for Self Defense, Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, Black Panther party, Black Panthers, Black Panthers Party, Black panther party for self-defense, Black panthers, Regina Davis, The Black Panther Party, The Black Panthers, Women in the Black Panther Party.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Panther_Party

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