Table of Contents
132 relations: A Mathematical Theory of Communication, Addison-Wesley, Address space, Alphanumericals, Analytical engine, Barcode, Basile Bouchon, Baud, Bell Labs Technical Journal, Binary number, Bit, Bit array, Bit blit, Bit numbering, Bit rate, Biting, Bitmap, Bitstream, Bitwise operation, Blend word, Bubble memory, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, Byte, Byte (magazine), Capacitor, Cathode-ray tube, Central processing unit, Character (computing), Charles Babbage, Claude Shannon, Communication, Communications of the ACM, Computer, Computer architecture, Computer hardware, Computer program, Computing, Credit card, Data storage, Delay-line memory, Digital card, Dimensional analysis, Disk storage, DNA, Drum memory, Dynamic random-access memory, Electric charge, Electric current, Electrical network, Electricity, ... Expand index (82 more) »
- Primitive types
- Units of information
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
"A Mathematical Theory of Communication" is an article by mathematician Claude E. Shannon published in Bell System Technical Journal in 1948.
See Bit and A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Addison-Wesley
Addison–Wesley is an American publisher of textbooks and computer literature.
Address space
In computing, an address space defines a range of discrete addresses, each of which may correspond to a network host, peripheral device, disk sector, a memory cell or other logical or physical entity.
Alphanumericals
Alphanumericals or alphanumeric characters are any collection of number characters and letters in a certain language.
Analytical engine
The analytical engine was a proposed digital mechanical general-purpose computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage.
Barcode
A barcode or bar code is a method of representing data in a visual, machine-readable form.
See Bit and Barcode
Basile Bouchon
Basile Bouchon (or Boachon) was a textile worker in the silk center in Lyon who invented a way to control a loom with a perforated paper tape in 1725.
Baud
In telecommunication and electronics, baud (symbol: Bd) is a common unit of measurement of symbol rate, which is one of the components that determine the speed of communication over a data channel.
See Bit and Baud
Bell Labs Technical Journal
The Bell Labs Technical Journal was the in-house scientific journal for scientists of Nokia Bell Labs, published yearly by the IEEE society.
See Bit and Bell Labs Technical Journal
Binary number
A binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, a method for representing numbers that uses only two symbols for the natural numbers: typically "0" (zero) and "1" (one). Bit and binary number are binary arithmetic.
Bit
The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communication. Bit and bit are binary arithmetic, data types, primitive types and units of information.
See Bit and Bit
Bit array
A bit array (also known as bitmask, bit map, bit set, bit string, or bit vector) is an array data structure that compactly stores bits.
Bit blit
Bit blit (also written BITBLT, BIT BLT, BitBLT, Bit BLT, Bit Blt etc., which stands for bit block transfer) is a data operation commonly used in computer graphics in which several bitmaps are combined into one using a boolean function.
See Bit and Bit blit
Bit numbering
In computing, bit numbering is the convention used to identify the bit positions in a binary number. Bit and bit numbering are binary arithmetic.
Bit rate
In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.
See Bit and Bit rate
Biting
Biting is an action involving a set of teeth closing down on an object.
See Bit and Biting
Bitmap
In computing, a bitmap (also called raster) graphic is an image formed from rows of different colored pixels.
See Bit and Bitmap
Bitstream
A bitstream (or bit stream), also known as binary sequence, is a sequence of bits.
Bitwise operation
In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. Bit and bitwise operation are binary arithmetic.
Blend word
In linguistics, a blend—also known as a blend word, lexical blend, or portmanteau—is a word formed, usually intentionally, by combining the sounds and meanings of two or more words.
Bubble memory
Bubble memory is a type of non-volatile computer memory that uses a thin film of a magnetic material to hold small magnetized areas, known as bubbles or domains, each storing one bit of data.
Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
The Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society is a quarterly mathematical journal published by the American Mathematical Society.
See Bit and Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
Byte
The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Bit and byte are binary arithmetic, data types, primitive types and units of information.
See Bit and Byte
Byte (magazine)
Byte (stylized as BYTE) was a microcomputer magazine, influential in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s because of its wide-ranging editorial coverage.
Capacitor
In electrical engineering, a capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy by accumulating electric charges on two closely spaced surfaces that are insulated from each other.
Cathode-ray tube
A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns, which emit electron beams that are manipulated to display images on a phosphorescent screen.
Central processing unit
A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor, is the most important processor in a given computer.
See Bit and Central processing unit
Character (computing)
In computer and machine-based telecommunications terminology, a character is a unit of information that roughly corresponds to a grapheme, grapheme-like unit, or symbol, such as in an alphabet or syllabary in the written form of a natural language. Bit and character (computing) are data types and primitive types.
See Bit and Character (computing)
Charles Babbage
Charles Babbage (26 December 1791 – 18 October 1871) was an English polymath.
Claude Shannon
Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001) was an American mathematician, electrical engineer, computer scientist and cryptographer known as the "father of information theory" and as the "father of the Information Age".
Communication
Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information.
Communications of the ACM
Communications of the ACM is the monthly journal of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).
See Bit and Communications of the ACM
Computer
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation).
See Bit and Computer
Computer architecture
In computer science and computer engineering, computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts.
See Bit and Computer architecture
Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case.
Computer program
A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute.
Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing machinery.
Credit card
A credit card is a payment card, usually issued by a bank, allowing its users to purchase goods or services or withdraw cash on credit.
Data storage
Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium.
Delay-line memory
Delay-line memory is a form of computer memory, mostly obsolete, that was used on some of the earliest digital computers, and is reappearing in the form of optical delay lines.
Digital card
The term digital card can refer to a physical item, such as a memory card on a camera, or, increasingly since 2017, to the digital content hosted as a virtual card or cloud card, as a digital virtual representation of a physical card.
Dimensional analysis
In engineering and science, dimensional analysis is the analysis of the relationships between different physical quantities by identifying their base quantities (such as length, mass, time, and electric current) and units of measurement (such as metres and grams) and tracking these dimensions as calculations or comparisons are performed.
See Bit and Dimensional analysis
Disk storage
Disk storage (also sometimes called drive storage) is a data storage mechanism based on a rotating disk.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
See Bit and DNA
Drum memory
Drum memory was a magnetic data storage device invented by Gustav Tauschek in 1932 in Austria.
Dynamic random-access memory
Dynamic random-access memory (dynamic RAM or DRAM) is a type of random-access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a memory cell, usually consisting of a tiny capacitor and a transistor, both typically based on metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) technology.
See Bit and Dynamic random-access memory
Electric charge
Electric charge (symbol q, sometimes Q) is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
Electric current
An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.
Electrical network
An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components (e.g., batteries, resistors, inductors, capacitors, switches, transistors) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements (e.g., voltage sources, current sources, resistances, inductances, capacitances).
See Bit and Electrical network
Electricity
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge.
Electronic circuit
An electronic circuit is composed of individual electronic components, such as resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors and diodes, connected by conductive wires or traces through which electric current can flow.
See Bit and Electronic circuit
Elevator
An elevator (North American English) or lift (British English) is a machine that vertically transports people or freight between levels.
See Bit and Elevator
Energy
Energy is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat and light.
See Bit and Energy
Entropy (information theory)
In information theory, the entropy of a random variable is the average level of "information", "surprise", or "uncertainty" inherent to the variable's possible outcomes.
See Bit and Entropy (information theory)
Ferromagnetism
Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet.
Flip-flop (electronics)
In electronics, flip-flops and latches are circuits that have two stable states that can store state information – a bistable multivibrator.
See Bit and Flip-flop (electronics)
Fred Brooks
Frederick Phillips Brooks Jr. (April 19, 1931 – November 17, 2022) was an American computer architect, software engineer, and computer scientist, best known for managing development of IBM's System/360 family of mainframe computers and the OS/360 software support package, then later writing candidly about those experiences in his seminal book The Mythical Man-Month.
Fuzzy bit
A fuzzy bit, also known as a flaky bit or a weak bit, is a bit cell on a digital storage medium that possesses no clear digital state.
Gerrit Blaauw
Gerrit Anne "Gerry" Blaauw (July 17, 1924 – March 21, 2018) was a Dutch computer scientist, known as one of the principal designers of the IBM System/360 line of computers, together with Fred Brooks, Gene Amdahl, and others.
Hartley (unit)
The hartley (symbol Hart), also called a ban, or a dit (short for "decimal digit"), is a logarithmic unit that measures information or entropy, based on base 10 logarithms and powers of 10. Bit and hartley (unit) are units of information.
Herman Hollerith
Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 – November 17, 1929) was an American statistician, inventor, and businessman who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and, later, in accounting.
IBM
International Business Machines Corporation (using the trademark IBM), nicknamed Big Blue, is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York and present in over 175 countries.
See Bit and IBM
IBM 7030 Stretch
The IBM 7030, also known as Stretch, was IBM's first transistorized supercomputer.
IBM System/360
The IBM System/360 (S/360) is a family of mainframe computer systems that was announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978. It was the first family of computers designed to cover both commercial and scientific applications and a complete range of applications from small to large.
IEC 60027
IEC 60027 (formerly IEC 27) is a technical international standard for letter symbols published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), comprising the following parts.
IEEE 1541-2002
IEEE 1541-2002 is a standard issued in 2002 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) concerning the use of prefixes for binary multiples of units of measurement related to digital electronics and computing. Bit and IEEE 1541-2002 are units of information.
IEEE Std 260.1-2004
IEEE Std 260.1-2004 was a standard from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers that provided standard letter symbols for units of measurement for use in all applications in multiple contexts.
See Bit and IEEE Std 260.1-2004
IEEE Transactions on Computers
IEEE Transactions on Computers is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of computer design.
See Bit and IEEE Transactions on Computers
Information content
In information theory, the information content, self-information, surprisal, or Shannon information is a basic quantity derived from the probability of a particular event occurring from a random variable.
See Bit and Information content
Information theory
Information theory is the mathematical study of the quantification, storage, and communication of information.
See Bit and Information theory
Integer (computer science)
In computer science, an integer is a datum of integral data type, a data type that represents some range of mathematical integers. Bit and integer (computer science) are data types and primitive types.
See Bit and Integer (computer science)
International Electrotechnical Commission
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC; Commission électrotechnique internationale) is an international standards organization that prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies – collectively known as "electrotechnology".
See Bit and International Electrotechnical Commission
International System of Units
The International System of Units, internationally known by the abbreviation SI (from French Système international d'unités), is the modern form of the metric system and the world's most widely used system of measurement.
See Bit and International System of Units
Irradiance
In radiometry, irradiance is the radiant flux received by a surface per unit area.
ISO/IEC 80000
ISO 80000 or IEC 80000, Quantities and units, is an international standard describing the International System of Quantities (ISQ).
John Tukey
John Wilder Tukey (June 16, 1915 – July 26, 2000) was an American mathematician and statistician, best known for the development of the fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm and box plot.
Joseph Marie Jacquard
Joseph Marie Charles dit (called or nicknamed) Jacquard (7 July 1752 – 7 August 1834) was a French weaver and merchant.
See Bit and Joseph Marie Jacquard
Kilo-
Kilo is a decimal unit prefix in the metric system denoting multiplication by one thousand (103).
See Bit and Kilo-
Kilobit
The kilobit is a multiple of the unit bit for digital information or computer storage. Bit and kilobit are units of information.
See Bit and Kilobit
Logic level
In digital circuits, a logic level is one of a finite number of states that a digital signal can inhabit.
Lossless compression
Lossless compression is a class of data compression that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data with no loss of information.
See Bit and Lossless compression
Magnetic core
A magnetic core is a piece of magnetic material with a high magnetic permeability used to confine and guide magnetic fields in electrical, electromechanical and magnetic devices such as electromagnets, transformers, electric motors, generators, inductors, loudspeakers, magnetic recording heads, and magnetic assemblies.
Magnetic storage
Magnetic storage or magnetic recording is the storage of data on a magnetized medium.
Magnetic tape
Magnetic tape is a medium for magnetic storage made of a thin, magnetizable coating on a long, narrow strip of plastic film.
Magnetic-core memory
In computing, magnetic-core memory is a form of random-access memory.
See Bit and Magnetic-core memory
Magnetism
Magnetism is the class of physical attributes that occur through a magnetic field, which allows objects to attract or repel each other.
McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill is an American publishing company for educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.
See Bit and McGraw Hill Education
Metric prefix
A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit.
Microscopic scale
The microscopic scale is the scale of objects and events smaller than those that can easily be seen by the naked eye, requiring a lens or microscope to see them clearly.
Morse code
Morse code is a telecommunications method which encodes text characters as standardized sequences of two different signal durations, called dots and dashes, or dits and dahs.
Nat (unit)
The natural unit of information (symbol: nat), sometimes also nit or nepit, is a unit of information or information entropy, based on natural logarithms and powers of ''e'', rather than the powers of 2 and base 2 logarithms, which define the shannon. Bit and nat (unit) are units of information.
Nibble
In computing, a nibble (occasionally nybble, nyble, or nybl to match the spelling of byte) is a four-bit aggregation, or half an octet. Bit and nibble are units of information.
See Bit and Nibble
Numerical digit
A numerical digit (often shortened to just digit) or numeral is a single symbol used alone (such as "1") or in combinations (such as "15"), to represent numbers in a positional numeral system.
Octet (computing)
The octet is a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunications that consists of eight bits. Bit and octet (computing) are units of information.
Optical disc
An optical disc is a flat, usuallyNon-circular optical discs exist for fashion purposes; see shaped compact disc.
Parallel communication
In data transmission, parallel communication is a method of conveying multiple binary digits (bits) simultaneously using multiple conductors.
See Bit and Parallel communication
Photolithography
Photolithography (also known as optical lithography) is a process used in the manufacturing of integrated circuits.
Primitive data type
In computer science, primitive data types are a set of basic data types from which all other data types are constructed. Bit and primitive data type are data types and primitive types.
See Bit and Primitive data type
Programmable logic array
A programmable logic array (PLA) is a kind of programmable logic device used to implement combinational logic circuits.
See Bit and Programmable logic array
Punched card
A punched card (also punch card or punched-card) is a piece of card stock that stores digital data using punched holes.
Punched tape
Five- and eight-hole wide punched paper tape Paper tape reader on the Harwell computer with a small piece of five-hole tape connected in a circle – creating a physical program loop Punched tape or perforated paper tape is a form of data storage device that consists of a long strip of paper through which small holes are punched.
Qubit
In quantum computing, a qubit or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. Bit and qubit are units of information.
See Bit and Qubit
Ralph Hartley
Ralph Vinton Lyon Hartley (November 30, 1888 – May 1, 1970) was an American electronics researcher.
Rapid transit
Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), commonly referred to as metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport that is generally built in urban areas.
Read-only memory
Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.
Relay
A relay Electromechanical relay schematic showing a control coil, four pairs of normally open and one pair of normally closed contacts An automotive-style miniature relay with the dust cover taken off A relay is an electrically operated switch.
See Bit and Relay
Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
Semiconductor memory
Semiconductor memory is a digital electronic semiconductor device used for digital data storage, such as computer memory.
See Bit and Semiconductor memory
Semyon Korsakov
Semyon Nikolayevich Korsakov (Семён Николаевич Корсаков; &ndash) was a Russian government official, noted both as a homeopath and an inventor who was involved with an early version of information technology.
Serial binary adder
The serial binary adder or bit-serial adder is a digital circuit that performs binary addition bit by bit. Bit and serial binary adder are binary arithmetic.
See Bit and Serial binary adder
Serial communication
In telecommunication and data transmission, serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus.
See Bit and Serial communication
Shannon (unit)
The shannon (symbol: Sh) is a unit of information named after Claude Shannon, the founder of information theory. Bit and shannon (unit) are units of information.
State (computer science)
In information technology and computer science, a system is described as stateful if it is designed to remember preceding events or user interactions; the remembered information is called the state of the system.
See Bit and State (computer science)
Switch
In electrical engineering, a switch is an electrical component that can disconnect or connect the conducting path in an electrical circuit, interrupting the electric current or diverting it from one conductor to another.
See Bit and Switch
Telephone exchange
A telephone exchange, also known as a telephone switch or central office, is a crucial component in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or large enterprise telecommunications systems.
See Bit and Telephone exchange
Teleprinter
A teleprinter (teletypewriter, teletype or TTY) is an electromechanical device that can be used to send and receive typed messages through various communications channels, in both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint configurations.
Ternary numeral system
A ternary numeral system (also called base 3 or trinary) has three as its base.
See Bit and Ternary numeral system
Ticker tape
Ticker tape was the earliest electrical dedicated financial communications medium, transmitting stock price information over telegraph lines, in use from around 1870 to 1970.
Torque
In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational analogue of linear force.
See Bit and Torque
Traffic light
Traffic lights, traffic signals, or stoplights – also known as robots in South Africa and Namibia – are signaling devices positioned at road intersections, pedestrian crossings, and other locations in order to control the flow of traffic.
Transistor–transistor logic
Transistor–transistor logic (TTL) is a logic family built from bipolar junction transistors.
See Bit and Transistor–transistor logic
Truth value
In logic and mathematics, a truth value, sometimes called a logical value, is a value indicating the relation of a proposition to truth, which in classical logic has only two possible values (true or false).
Unit of measurement
A unit of measurement, or unit of measure, is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same kind of quantity.
See Bit and Unit of measurement
Units of information
In digital computing and telecommunications, a unit of information is the capacity of some standard data storage system or communication channel, used to measure the capacities of other systems and channels.
See Bit and Units of information
University of Illinois Press
The University of Illinois Press (UIP) is an American university press and is part of the University of Illinois system.
See Bit and University of Illinois Press
UTF-8
UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding standard used for electronic communication.
See Bit and UTF-8
Vacuum tube
A vacuum tube, electron tube, valve (British usage), or tube (North America) is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric potential difference has been applied.
Value (computer science)
In computer science and software programming, a value is the representation of some entity that can be manipulated by a program.
See Bit and Value (computer science)
Voltage
Voltage, also known as (electrical) potential difference, electric pressure, or electric tension is the difference in electric potential between two points.
See Bit and Voltage
Werner Buchholz
Werner Buchholz (24 October 1922 – 11 July 2019) was a German-American computer scientist.
Word
A word is a basic element of language that carries meaning, can be used on its own, and is uninterruptible.
See Bit and Word
Word (computer architecture)
In computing, a word is the natural unit of data used by a particular processor design. Bit and word (computer architecture) are data types, primitive types and units of information.
See Bit and Word (computer architecture)
See also
Primitive types
- Address constant
- Bit
- Boolean data type
- Byte
- Character (computing)
- First-class function
- Fixed-point arithmetic
- Floating point
- Integer (computer science)
- List of binary codes
- Pointer (computer programming)
- Primitive data type
- Reference (computer science)
- String (computer science)
- Word (computer architecture)
Units of information
- Binary prefix
- Binary prefixes
- Bit
- Byte
- Data-rate units
- Datagram
- Disk sector
- Effective data transfer rate
- Effective transmission rate
- Field specification
- Frame (networking)
- Gigabyte
- Gigapackets
- Hartley (unit)
- Hextet
- IEEE 1541-2002
- JEDEC memory standards
- Kilobit
- Kilobyte
- List of binary codes
- Megabit
- Megabyte
- Nat (unit)
- Network packet
- Nibble
- Octet (computing)
- One-bit message
- Qubit
- Qutrit
- Shannon (unit)
- Syllable (computing)
- Timeline of binary prefixes
- Units of information
- Word (computer architecture)
References
Also known as 0 or 1, 1 or 0, Bigit, Bigit (computing), Binary Digit, Binary Digits, Binary bits, Binit, Binit (computing), Bit (computing), Bit (information), Bit (unit), Bit of information, Bit pattern, Bits (computing), Data bits, Ebit (computing), Ebit (symbol), Eibit, Exabit, Exbibit, Exbibits, Gbit, Gbits/sec, Gibibit, Gibibits, Gibit, Gibits, Giga Bit, Giga-Bit, GigaBit, Gigabits, Kibibit, Kibibits, Kibit, Mebibit, Mebibits, Mibibit, Mibit, Pbit, Pebibit, Petabit, Pibit, Qbit (count of bits), Qbit (quettabit), Qibit, Quebibit, Quettabit, Rbit, Ribit, Robibit, Ronnabit, Tbit, Tebi bit, Tebibit, Tera Bit, Tera-Bit, TeraBit, Terabits, Tibit (computing), Tibit (symbol), Ybit, Yib, Yibit, Yobibit, Yottabit, Yottabits, Zbit, Zebibit, Zettabit, Zibit.