Table of Contents
121 relations: Allenby Formation, Anabaena, Antarctica, Antheridium, Aquatic ecosystem, Aquatic plant, Archegonium, Arctic, Arctic Ocean, Asexual reproduction, Atmosphere, Azolla cristata, Azolla event, Azolla filiculoides, Azolla nilotica, Azolla pinnata, Azolla primaeva, Azolla rubra, Biodiversity, Biofertilizer, Biomagnification, Biomass (ecology), Birbal Sahni, Bolivia, British Columbia, Carbon dioxide, Carbon sequestration, Cell nucleus, Chester A. Arnold, Chromium, Companion planting, Copper, Cyanobacteria, Dairy, Dairy cattle, David P. Penhallow, Düsseldorf, Discover (magazine), Edward W. Berry, Eleanor Mary Reid, Endosymbiont, Eocene, Esmeralda Formation, Eutrophication, Extinction, Fern, Fodder, Food and Agriculture Organization, Food chain, Fossil, ... Expand index (71 more) »
- Extant Maastrichtian first appearances
- Invasive plant species in Japan
- Maastrichtian genus first appearances
- Nitrogen-fixing crops
- Salviniales
Allenby Formation
The Allenby formation is a sedimentary rock formation in British Columbia which was deposited during the Ypresian stage of the Early Eocene.
See Azolla and Allenby Formation
Anabaena
Anabaena is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria that exist as plankton.
Antarctica
Antarctica is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent.
Antheridium
An antheridium is a haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes (called antherozoids or sperm).
Aquatic ecosystem
An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems. Azolla and aquatic ecosystem are aquatic plants.
See Azolla and Aquatic ecosystem
Aquatic plant
Aquatic plants are plants that have adapted to living in aquatic environments (saltwater or freshwater). Azolla and aquatic plant are aquatic plants.
Archegonium
An archegonium (archegonia), from the Ancient Greek ἀρχή ("beginning") and γόνος ("offspring"), is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete.
Arctic
The Arctic is a polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth.
Arctic Ocean
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five oceanic divisions.
Asexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes.
See Azolla and Asexual reproduction
Atmosphere
An atmosphere is a layer of gasses that envelop an astronomical object, held in place by the gravity of the object.
Azolla cristata
Azolla cristata, the Carolina mosquitofern, Carolina azolla or water velvet, is a species of Azolla native to the Americas, in eastern North America from southern Ontario southward, and from the east coast west to Wisconsin and Texas, and in the Caribbean, and in Central and South America from southeastern Mexico (Chiapas) south to northern Argentina and Uruguay. Azolla and azolla cristata are Salviniales.
See Azolla and Azolla cristata
Azolla event
The Azolla event is a paleoclimatology scenario hypothesized to have occurred in the middle Eocene epoch, around, when blooms of the carbon-fixing freshwater fern Azolla are thought to have happened in the Arctic Ocean. Azolla and Azolla event are Salviniales.
Azolla filiculoides
Azolla filiculoides (water fern) is a species of aquatic fern. Azolla and Azolla filiculoides are Salviniales and taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.
See Azolla and Azolla filiculoides
Azolla nilotica
Azolla nilotica is a medium-sized floating fern, that naturally occurs in the Nile and in eastern and central Africa. Azolla and Azolla nilotica are aquatic plants, Nitrogen-fixing crops and Salviniales.
See Azolla and Azolla nilotica
Azolla pinnata
Azolla pinnata is a species of fern known by several common names, including mosquitofern, feathered mosquitofern and water velvet. Azolla and Azolla pinnata are Nitrogen-fixing crops and Salviniales.
Azolla primaeva
Azolla primaeva is an extinct species of "water fern" in the family Salviniaceae known from Eocene fossils from the Ypresian stage, found in southern British Columbia. Azolla and Azolla primaeva are Salviniales.
See Azolla and Azolla primaeva
Azolla rubra
Azolla rubra, known commonly as red azolla and Pacific azolla, is a species of aquatic fern native to Australia and New Zealand. Azolla and azolla rubra are Salviniales.
Biodiversity
Biodiversity (or biological diversity) is the variety and variability of life on Earth.
Biofertilizer
A biofertilizer is a substance which contains living micro-organisms which, when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil, colonize the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant.
Biomagnification
Biomagnification, also known as bioamplification or biological magnification, is the increase in concentration of a substance, e.g a pesticide, in the tissues of organisms at successively higher levels in a food chain.
See Azolla and Biomagnification
Biomass (ecology)
Biomass is the mass of living biological organisms in a given area or ecosystem at a given time.
See Azolla and Biomass (ecology)
Birbal Sahni
Birbal Sahni FRS (14 November 1891 – 10 April 1949) was an Indian paleobotanist who studied the fossils of the Indian subcontinent.
Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.
British Columbia
British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada.
See Azolla and British Columbia
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula.
Carbon sequestration
Carbon sequestration is the process of storing carbon in a carbon pool.
See Azolla and Carbon sequestration
Cell nucleus
The cell nucleus (nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
Chester A. Arnold
Chester Arthur Arnold was an American paleobotanist, born June 25, 1901, in Leeton, Missouri, and died on 19 November 1977.
See Azolla and Chester A. Arnold
Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element; it has symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
Companion planting
Companion planting in gardening and agriculture is the planting of different crops in proximity for any of a number of different reasons, including weed suppression, pest control, pollination, providing habitat for beneficial insects, maximizing use of space, and to otherwise increase crop productivity.
See Azolla and Companion planting
Copper
Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu and atomic number 29.
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria, also called Cyanobacteriota or Cyanophyta, are a phylum of autotrophic gram-negative bacteria that can obtain biological energy via oxygenic photosynthesis.
Dairy
A dairy is a place where milk is stored and where butter, cheese and other dairy products are made, or a place where those products are sold.
See Azolla and Dairy
Dairy cattle
Dairy cattle (also called dairy cows) are cattle bred with the ability to produce large quantities of milk, from which dairy products are made.
David P. Penhallow
David Pearce Penhallow (25 May 1854 – 20 October 1910) was a Canadian-American botanist, paleobotanist and educator.
See Azolla and David P. Penhallow
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany.
Discover (magazine)
Discover is an American general audience science magazine launched in October 1980 by Time Inc.
See Azolla and Discover (magazine)
Edward W. Berry
Edward Wilber Berry (February 10, 1875 – September 20, 1945) was an American paleontologist and botanist; the principal focus of his research was paleobotany.
See Azolla and Edward W. Berry
Eleanor Mary Reid
Eleanor Mary Reid (born Eleanor Mary Wynne Edwards) (1860–1953) was a British palaeobotanist.
See Azolla and Eleanor Mary Reid
Endosymbiont
An endosymbiont or endobiont is an organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism.
Eocene
The Eocene is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma).
Esmeralda Formation
The Esmeralda Formation is a geologic formation in Nevada.
See Azolla and Esmeralda Formation
Eutrophication
Eutrophication is a general term describing a process in which nutrients accumulate in a body of water, resulting in an increased growth of microorganisms that may deplete the oxygen of water.
Extinction
Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member.
Fern
The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
See Azolla and Fern
Fodder
Fodder, also called provender, is any agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs.
Food and Agriculture Organization
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsOrganisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura.
See Azolla and Food and Agriculture Organization
Food chain
A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web, often starting with an autotroph (such as grass or algae), also called a producer, and typically ending at an apex predator (such as grizzly bears or killer whales), detritivore (such as earthworms and woodlice), or decomposer (such as fungi or bacteria).
Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
Frond
A frond is a large, divided leaf.
See Azolla and Frond
Gametophyte
A gametophyte is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae.
Genus
Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.
See Azolla and Genus
Georg Friedrich Kaulfuss
Georg Friedrich Kaulfuss (8 April 1786 – 9 December 1830) was a professor at Halle.
See Azolla and Georg Friedrich Kaulfuss
Georg Heinrich Mettenius
Georg Heinrich Mettenius (24 November 1823 – 18 August 1866) was a German botanist born in Frankfurt am Main.
See Azolla and Georg Heinrich Mettenius
Glochidium
The glochidium (plural glochidia) is a microscopic larval stage of some freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the families Unionidae and Margaritiferidae, the river mussels and European freshwater pearl mussels.
Green River Formation
The Green River Formation is an Eocene geologic formation that records the sedimentation in a group of intermountain lakes in three basins along the present-day Green River in Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah.
See Azolla and Green River Formation
Greenhouse and icehouse Earth
Throughout Earth's climate history (Paleoclimate) its climate has fluctuated between two primary states: greenhouse and icehouse Earth.
See Azolla and Greenhouse and icehouse Earth
Greenhouse effect
The greenhouse effect occurs when greenhouse gases in a planet's atmosphere insulate the planet from losing heat to space, raising its surface temperature.
See Azolla and Greenhouse effect
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (HHU; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf), named after German poet Heinrich Heine, is a public university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which was founded in 1965.
See Azolla and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.
Heterospory
Heterospory is the production of spores of two different sizes and sexes by the sporophytes of land plants.
Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago.
Holotype
A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described.
Ice sheet
In glaciology, an ice sheet, also known as a continental glacier, is a mass of glacial ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than.
ILEIA
ILEIA - Centre for learning on sustainable agriculture is an independent organisation based in the Netherlands that supports agro-ecological approaches and family farming.
See Azolla and ILEIA
India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.
See Azolla and India
International Plant Names Index
The International Plant Names Index (IPNI) describes itself as "a database of the names and associated basic bibliographical details of seed plants, ferns and lycophytes." Coverage of plant names is best at the rank of species and genus.
See Azolla and International Plant Names Index
Invasive species
An invasive species is an introduced species that harms its new environment.
See Azolla and Invasive species
Isle of Wight
The Isle of Wight (/waɪt/ ''WYTE'') is an island, English county and unitary authority in the English Channel, off the coast of Hampshire, across the Solent.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck, was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier.
See Azolla and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Joseph Decaisne
Joseph Decaisne (7 March 1807 – 8 January 1882) was a French botanist and agronomist.
See Azolla and Joseph Decaisne
Lead
Lead is a chemical element; it has symbol Pb (from Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
See Azolla and Lead
Leaf
A leaf (leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis.
See Azolla and Leaf
Lemnoideae
Lemnoideae is a subfamily of flowering aquatic plants, known as duckweeds, water lentils, or water lenses. Azolla and Lemnoideae are aquatic plants.
London Clay
The London Clay Formation is a marine geological formation of Ypresian (early Eocene Epoch, c. 54-50 million years ago) age which crops out in the southeast of England.
Maastrichtian
The Maastrichtian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) geologic timescale, the latest age (uppermost stage) of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series, the Cretaceous Period or System, and of the Mesozoic Era or Erathem.
Marjorie Elizabeth Jane Chandler
Marjorie Chandler (1897–1983) was a British paleobotanist who made her own reputation as a scientist after a long partnership with Eleanor Mary Reid, as a research assistant.
See Azolla and Marjorie Elizabeth Jane Chandler
Megaspore
Megaspores, also called macrospores, are a type of spore that is present in heterosporous plants.
Microsporangium
A microsporangium is a sporangium that produces microspores that give rise to male gametophytes when they germinate.
See Azolla and Microsporangium
Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
Missouri Botanical Garden
The Missouri Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located at 4344 Shaw Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri.
See Azolla and Missouri Botanical Garden
Mosquito
Mosquitoes, the Culicidae, are a family of small flies consisting of 3,600 species.
Moss
Mosses are small, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic division Bryophyta sensu stricto.
See Azolla and Moss
Mulch
A mulch is a layer of material applied to the surface of soil.
See Azolla and Mulch
Nevada
Nevada is a landlocked state in the Western region of the United States.
Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28.
Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol N and atomic number 7.
Nitrogen fixation
Nitrogen fixation is a chemical process by which molecular dinitrogen is converted into ammonia.
See Azolla and Nitrogen fixation
North Pole
The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole, Terrestrial North Pole or 90th Parallel North, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface.
Oligocene
The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present (to). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain.
Ornamental plant
Ornamental plants or garden plants are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space.
See Azolla and Ornamental plant
Paddy field
A paddy field is a flooded field of arable land used for growing semiaquatic crops, most notably rice and taro.
Paleocene
The Paleocene, or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya).
Paleoclimatology
Paleoclimatology (British spelling, palaeoclimatology) is the scientific study of climates predating the invention of meteorological instruments, when no direct measurement data were available.
See Azolla and Paleoclimatology
Phosphorus
Phosphorus is a chemical element; it has symbol P and atomic number 15.
Plant development
Important structures in plant development are buds, shoots, roots, leaves, and flowers; plants produce these tissues and structures throughout their life from meristems located at the tips of organs, or between mature tissues.
See Azolla and Plant development
Pliocene
The Pliocene (also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58 million years ago.
Polyunsaturated fat
In biochemistry and nutrition, a polyunsaturated fat is a fat that contains a polyunsaturated fatty acid (abbreviated PUFA), which is a subclass of fatty acid characterized by a backbone with two or more carbon–carbon double bonds.
See Azolla and Polyunsaturated fat
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)
Robert Brown (21 December 1773 – 10 June 1858) was a Scottish botanist and paleobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope.
See Azolla and Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)
Salinity
Salinity is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity).
Salviniaceae
Salviniaceae, is a family of heterosporous ferns in the order Salviniales. Azolla and Salviniaceae are Salviniales.
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.
Sporangium
A sporangium (from Late Latin);: sporangia) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their life cycle. Sporangia can produce spores by mitosis, but in land plants and many fungi, sporangia produce genetically distinct haploid spores by meiosis.
Spore
In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions.
See Azolla and Spore
Sporocarp (ferns)
A sporocarp is a specialised type of structure in the aquatic ferns of the order Salviniales whose primary function is the production and release of spores. Azolla and sporocarp (ferns) are Salviniales.
See Azolla and Sporocarp (ferns)
St. Louis
St.
Symbiosis
Symbiosis (from Greek,, "living with, companionship, camaraderie", from,, "together", and, bíōsis, "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two biological organisms of different species, termed symbionts, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
Tasmania
Tasmania (palawa kani: lutruwita) is an island state of Australia.
Tonne
The tonne (or; symbol: t) is a unit of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms.
See Azolla and Tonne
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.
Utrecht University
Utrecht University (UU; Universiteit Utrecht, formerly Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht) is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands.
See Azolla and Utrecht University
Vertical transmission
Vertical transmission of symbionts is the transfer of a microbial symbiont from the parent directly to the offspring.
See Azolla and Vertical transmission
Vivi Vajda
Vivi Vajda is a Swedish palaeontologist.
Water
Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula.
See Azolla and Water
Weed
A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, growing where it conflicts with human preferences, needs, or goals.
See Azolla and Weed
Wyoming
Wyoming is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.
Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
See Azolla and Zinc
3-Deoxyanthocyanidin
The 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins and their glycosides (3-deoxyanthocyanins or 3-DA) are molecules with an anthocyanidins backbone lacking an hydroxyl group at position 3 on the C-ring.
See Azolla and 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin
See also
Extant Maastrichtian first appearances
- Aequornithes
- Amphisbaenidae
- Anseriformes
- Araceae
- Argentina (fish)
- Argyrotheca
- Arius (fish)
- Azolla
- Betulaceae
- Boidae
- Boreoeutheria
- Butterflyfish
- Chelydridae
- Cusk-eel
- Fowl
- Gadiformes
- Gaviiformes
- Gruiformes
- Heterenchelyidae
- Hippoidea
- Liliaceae
- Metasequoia
- Neognathae
- Notopteridae
- Odontoanserae
- Orontium
- Pangalloanserae
- Pilumnoidea
- Poales
- Proteidae
- Pythonichthys
- Restionaceae
- Retroplumidae
- Sturgeon
- Turricula (gastropod)
- Typhaceae
Invasive plant species in Japan
- Amaranthus retroflexus
- Azolla
- Bidens frondosa
- Cannabis
- Chloris gayana
- Cirsium vulgare
- Cuscuta pentagona
- Dryopteris intermedia
- Heteranthera limosa
- Papaver setigerum
- Sphagneticola trilobata
- Taraxacum laevigatum
- Viola sororia
Maastrichtian genus first appearances
- Acheroraptor
- Adynomosaurus
- Ajnabia
- Alamitophis
- Albertosaurus
- Ampheristus
- Amurosaurus
- Arrhinoceratops
- Azolla
- Brychaetus
- Cionodon
- Congorhynchus
- Coupatezia
- Cyclurus
- Dakotaraptor
- Denversaurus
- Dineobellator
- Diplotomodon
- Eotriceratops
- Euclastes
- Eumorphocorystes
- Glyptodontopelta
- Hainina
- Horaclupea
- Hyposaurus
- Kerberosaurus
- Khinjaria
- Kundurosaurus
- Leptoceratops
- Metasequoia
- Minqaria
- Nanuqsaurus
- Ojoceratops
- Ojoraptorsaurus
- Parksosaurus
- Pectinodon
- Piceoerpeton
- Polyonax
- Tatankaceratops
- Thespesius
Nitrogen-fixing crops
- Alfalfa
- Azolla
- Azolla nilotica
- Azolla pinnata
- Bolita bean
- Cajanus scarabaeoides
- Clitoria ternatea
- Clover
- Cover crop
- Cowpea
- Crotalaria juncea
- Dixie Lee pea
- Fenugreek
- Fenugreek production in India
- Hippophae
- Lablab
- Lupinus
- Lupinus subg. Platycarpos
- Melilotus
- Melilotus albus
- Mucuna pruriens
- Peanut
- Pigeon pea
- Prosopis pubescens
- Rooibos
- Sea Island red pea
- Sesbania formosa
- Sesbania grandiflora
- Sierra Mixe corn
- Snap pea
- Snow pea
- Soybean
- Sweet pea
- Trifolium incarnatum
- Trifolium pratense
- Trifolium repens
- Ulex
- Ulex europaeus
- Vicia faba
- Vicia sativa
- Vicia villosa
- Vigna aconitifolia
- Vigna hosei
- Vigna mungo
- Vigna subterranea
- Vigna umbellata
- Winged bean
Salviniales
- Azolla
- Azolla cristata
- Azolla event
- Azolla filiculoides
- Azolla mexicana
- Azolla nilotica
- Azolla pinnata
- Azolla primaeva
- Azolla rubra
- Marsilea
- Marsileaceae
- Pilularia
- Pilularia americana
- Pilularia globulifera
- Pilularia minuta
- Regnellidium
- Regnellites
- Rodeites
- Salvinia
- Salvinia auriculata
- Salvinia minima
- Salvinia molesta
- Salvinia natans
- Salvinia oblongifolia
- Salviniaceae
- Salviniales
- Sporocarp (ferns)
References
Also known as Azollaceae, Duckweed fern, Fairy Moss, Fairymoss, Mosquito Fern, Mosquitofern, Retoreto.