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160 relations: Abscess, Acclimatization, Acetone, Actinomycosis, Allyl methyl sulfide, Alternative medicine, Amino acid, Ammonia, Anaerobic organism, Anaerobic respiration, Anatomical terms of location, Antifungal, Anxiety, Areca nut, Ayurveda, BANA test, Beta-galactosidase, Betel, Biofilm, Breathing, Carcinoma, Cartilage, Cetylpyridinium chloride, Cheese, Chewing gum, Chlorhexidine, Chlorine dioxide, Choristoma, Cinnamon, Clove, Consumerism, Delusion, Dental floss, Dental instruments, Dental restoration, Dentistry, Dentures, Diabetes mellitus, Dimethyl sulfide, Dimethylamine, Ebers Papyrus, Eggshell, Egyptian pyramids, Enzyme, Epithelium, Esophagus, Essential oil, Estimation, Fetor hepaticus, Fish, ..., Fistula, Food, Foreign body, Freakonomics, Fungating lesion, Garlic, Gas, Gas chromatography, Gastroenterology, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Gingival and periodontal pocket, Gingivitis, Gonorrhea, Gram-negative bacteria, Guava, Habitat, Halimeter, HarperCollins, Henry III of France, Herpes simplex, Hiatal hernia, Hippocratic Corpus, Honey, Human papillomavirus infection, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydrogen sulfide, Incense, Indole, Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour, Inhalation, Ketoacidosis, Kidney failure, Laurent Joubert, Leukoplakia, Licking, List of counseling topics, Listerine, Liver failure, Long-term effects of alcohol consumption, Lower respiratory tract infection, Lung, Malignancy, Meat, Metabolism, Methanethiol, Miasma theory, Miswak, Mood disorder, Mouth ulcer, Mouthwash, Myrrh, Nasal cavity, Nephritis, New York City, Nostril, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Odor, Olfactory reference syndrome, Onion, Oral cancer, Oral medicine, Oral submucous fibrosis, Organosulfur compounds, Otorhinolaryngology, Paranasal sinuses, Parsley, Periodontal disease, Peritonsillar abscess, Pharynx, Pliny the Elder, Polyamine, Post-nasal drip, Precancerous condition, Protein, Putrefaction, Renaissance, Saliva, Salvadora persica, Saudi Arabia, Sinusitis, Skatole, Skin cancer, Social stigma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Stomach, Symptom, Taboo, Talmud, Taste, Thailand, Thiol, Throat, Tobacco products, Tobacco smoking, Tongue, Tongue cleaner, Tongue disease, Tonsillar crypts, Tonsillitis, Tonsillolith, Tooth brushing, Tooth decay, Trimethylamine, Trimethylaminuria, Uremia, Urine, Wrist, Xerostomia, Zenker's diverticulum, Zinc gluconate. Expand index (110 more) »
Abscess
An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body.
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Acclimatization
Acclimatization or acclimatisation (also called acclimation or acclimatation) is the process in which an individual organism adjusts to a change in its environment (such as a change in altitude, temperature, humidity, photoperiod, or pH), allowing it to maintain performance across a range of environmental conditions.
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Acetone
Acetone (systematically named propanone) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO.
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Actinomycosis
Actinomycosis is a rare infectious bacterial disease caused by Actinomyces species.
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Allyl methyl sulfide
Allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula CH2.
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Alternative medicine
Alternative medicine, fringe medicine, pseudomedicine or simply questionable medicine is the use and promotion of practices which are unproven, disproven, impossible to prove, or excessively harmful in relation to their effect — in the attempt to achieve the healing effects of medicine.--> --> --> They differ from experimental medicine in that the latter employs responsible investigation, and accepts results that show it to be ineffective. The scientific consensus is that alternative therapies either do not, or cannot, work. In some cases laws of nature are violated by their basic claims; in some the treatment is so much worse that its use is unethical. Alternative practices, products, and therapies range from only ineffective to having known harmful and toxic effects.--> Alternative therapies may be credited for perceived improvement through placebo effects, decreased use or effect of medical treatment (and therefore either decreased side effects; or nocebo effects towards standard treatment),--> or the natural course of the condition or disease. Alternative treatment is not the same as experimental treatment or traditional medicine, although both can be misused in ways that are alternative. Alternative or complementary medicine is dangerous because it may discourage people from getting the best possible treatment, and may lead to a false understanding of the body and of science.-->---> Alternative medicine is used by a significant number of people, though its popularity is often overstated.--> Large amounts of funding go to testing alternative medicine, with more than US$2.5 billion spent by the United States government alone.--> Almost none show any effect beyond that of false treatment,--> and most studies showing any effect have been statistical flukes. Alternative medicine is a highly profitable industry, with a strong lobby. This fact is often overlooked by media or intentionally kept hidden, with alternative practice being portrayed positively when compared to "big pharma". --> The lobby has successfully pushed for alternative therapies to be subject to far less regulation than conventional medicine.--> Alternative therapies may even be allowed to promote use when there is demonstrably no effect, only a tradition of use. Regulation and licensing of alternative medicine and health care providers varies between and within countries. Despite laws making it illegal to market or promote alternative therapies for use in cancer treatment, many practitioners promote them.--> Alternative medicine is criticized for taking advantage of the weakest members of society.--! Terminology has shifted over time, reflecting the preferred branding of practitioners.. Science Based Medicine--> For example, the United States National Institutes of Health department studying alternative medicine, currently named National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, was established as the Office of Alternative Medicine and was renamed the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine before obtaining its current name. Therapies are often framed as "natural" or "holistic", in apparent opposition to conventional medicine which is "artificial" and "narrow in scope", statements which are intentionally misleading. --> When used together with functional medical treatment, alternative therapies do not "complement" (improve the effect of, or mitigate the side effects of) treatment.--> Significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may instead negatively impact functional treatment, making it less effective, notably in cancer.--> Alternative diagnoses and treatments are not part of medicine, or of science-based curricula in medical schools, nor are they used in any practice based on scientific knowledge or experience.--> Alternative therapies are often based on religious belief, tradition, superstition, belief in supernatural energies, pseudoscience, errors in reasoning, propaganda, fraud, or lies.--> Alternative medicine is based on misleading statements, quackery, pseudoscience, antiscience, fraud, and poor scientific methodology. Promoting alternative medicine has been called dangerous and unethical.--> Testing alternative medicine that has no scientific basis has been called a waste of scarce research resources.--> Critics state that "there is really no such thing as alternative medicine, just medicine that works and medicine that doesn't",--> that the very idea of "alternative" treatments is paradoxical, as any treatment proven to work is by definition "medicine".-->.
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Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
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Ammonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.
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Anaerobic organism
An anaerobic organism or anaerobe is any organism that does not require oxygen for growth.
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Anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration is respiration using electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen (O2).
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Anatomical terms of location
Standard anatomical terms of location deal unambiguously with the anatomy of animals, including humans.
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Antifungal
An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others.
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Anxiety
Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behaviour such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination.
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Areca nut
The areca nut is the fruit of the areca palm (Areca catechu), which grows in much of the tropical Pacific (Melanesia and Micronesia), Southeast and South Asia, and parts of east Africa.
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Ayurveda
Ayurveda is a system of medicine with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent.
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BANA test
The BANA test (referring to the enzymatic breakdown of) is used to determine the proteolytic activity of certain oral anaerobes that contribute to oral malodor.
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Beta-galactosidase
β-galactosidase, also called lactase, beta-gal or β-gal, is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-galactosides into monosaccharides through the breaking of a glycosidic bond.
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Betel
The betel (Piper betle) is the leaf of a vine belonging to the Piperaceae family, which includes pepper and kava.
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Biofilm
A biofilm comprises any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface.
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Breathing
Breathing (or respiration, or ventilation) is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly by bringing in oxygen and flushing out carbon dioxide.
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Carcinoma
Carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops from epithelial cells.
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Cartilage
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue, a rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components.
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Cetylpyridinium chloride
Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound used in some types of mouthwashes, toothpastes, lozenges, throat sprays, breath sprays, and nasal sprays.
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Cheese
Cheese is a dairy product derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.
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Chewing gum
Chewing gum is a soft, cohesive substance designed to be chewed without being swallowed.
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Chlorhexidine
Chlorhexidine is a disinfectant and antiseptic that is used for skin disinfection before surgery and to sterilize surgical instruments.
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Chlorine dioxide
Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2.
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Choristoma
Choristomas, forms of heterotopia, are closely related benign tumors, found in abnormal locations.
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Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus Cinnamomum.
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Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum.
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Consumerism
Consumerism is a social and economic order and ideology that encourages the acquisition of goods and services in ever-increasing amounts.
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Delusion
A delusion is a mistaken belief that is held with strong conviction even in the presence of superior evidence to the contrary.
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Dental floss
Dental floss is a cord of thin filaments used to remove food and dental plaque from between teeth in areas a toothbrush is unable to reach.
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Dental instruments
Dental instruments are tools that dental professionals use to provide dental treatment.
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Dental restoration
A dental restoration or dental filling is a treatment to restore the function, integrity, and morphology of missing tooth structure resulting from caries or external trauma as well as to the replacement of such structure supported by dental implants.
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Dentistry
Dentistry is a branch of medicine that consists of the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the oral cavity, commonly in the dentition but also the oral mucosa, and of adjacent and related structures and tissues, particularly in the maxillofacial (jaw and facial) area.
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Dentures
Dentures (also known as false teeth) are prosthetic devices constructed to replace missing teeth; they are supported by the surrounding soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity.
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Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
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Dimethyl sulfide
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) or methylthiomethane is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2S.
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Dimethylamine
Dimethylamine is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NH.
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Ebers Papyrus
The Ebers Papyrus, also known as Papyrus Ebers, is an Egyptian medical papyrus of herbal knowledge dating to circa 1550 BC.
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Eggshell
An eggshell is the outer covering of a hard-shelled egg and of some forms of eggs with soft outer coats.
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Egyptian pyramids
The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Epithelium
Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
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Esophagus
The esophagus (American English) or oesophagus (British English), commonly known as the food pipe or gullet (gut), is an organ in vertebrates through which food passes, aided by peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach.
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Essential oil
An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (defined as "the tendency of a substance to vaporize") aroma compounds from plants.
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Estimation
Estimation (or estimating) is the process of finding an estimate, or approximation, which is a value that is usable for some purpose even if input data may be incomplete, uncertain, or unstable.
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Fetor hepaticus
Fetor hepaticus or foetor hepaticus (see spelling differences), also known as breath of the dead or hepatic foetor, is a condition seen in portal hypertension where portosystemic shunting allows thiols to pass directly into the lungs.
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Fish
Fish are gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits.
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Fistula
A fistula is an abnormal connection between two hollow spaces (technically, two epithelialized surfaces), such as blood vessels, intestines, or other hollow organs.
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Food
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.
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Foreign body
In the field of medicine, a foreign body, sometimes known as FB (Latin: corpus alienum), is any object originating outside the body of an organism.
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Freakonomics
Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything is the debut non-fiction book by University of Chicago economist Steven Levitt and New York Times journalist Stephen J. Dubner.
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Fungating lesion
A fungating lesion is a skin lesion that fungates, that is, becomes like a fungus in its appearance or growth rate.
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Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, Allium.
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Gas
Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma).
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Gas chromatography
Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition.
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Gastroenterology
Gastroenterology (MeSH heading) is the branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders.
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), also known as acid reflux, is a long-term condition where stomach contents come back up into the esophagus resulting in either symptoms or complications.
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Gingival and periodontal pocket
Gingival and periodontal pockets are dental terms indicating the presence of an abnormal depth of the gingival sulcus near the point at which the gingival tissue contacts the tooth.
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Gingivitis
Gingivitis is a non-destructive disease that occurs around the teeth.
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Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea, also spelled gonorrhoea, is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
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Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the gram-staining method of bacterial differentiation.
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Guava
Guavas (singular guava) are common tropical fruits cultivated and enjoyed in many tropical and subtropical regions.
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Habitat
In ecology, a habitat is the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives.
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Halimeter
A Halimeter is an instrument for measurement of the level of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in the mouth.
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HarperCollins
HarperCollins Publishers L.L.C. is one of the world's largest publishing companies and is one of the Big Five English-language publishing companies, alongside Hachette, Macmillan, Penguin Random House, and Simon & Schuster.
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Henry III of France
Henry III (19 September 1551 – 2 August 1589; born Alexandre Édouard de France, Henryk Walezy, Henrikas Valua) was King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1573 to 1575 and King of France from 1574 until his death.
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Herpes simplex
Herpes simplex is a viral disease caused by the herpes simplex virus.
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Hiatal hernia
A hiatal hernia is a type of hernia in which abdominal organs (typically the stomach) slip through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest.
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Hippocratic Corpus
The Hippocratic Corpus (Latin: Corpus Hippocraticum), or Hippocratic Collection, is a collection of around 60 early Ancient Greek medical works strongly associated with the physician Hippocrates and his teachings.
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Honey
Honey is a sweet, viscous food substance produced by bees and some related insects.
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Human papillomavirus infection
Human papillomavirus infection is an infection by human papillomavirus (HPV).
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Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula.
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Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is the chemical compound with the chemical formula H2S.
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Incense
Incense is aromatic biotic material which releases fragrant smoke when burned.
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Indole
Indole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with formula C8H7N.
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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour is a lesional pattern of inflammatory pseudotumour, as plasma cell granuloma.
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Inhalation
Inhalation (also known as inspiration) happens when oxygen from the air enters the lungs.
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Ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis is a metabolic state associated with high concentrations of ketone bodies, formed by the breakdown of fatty acids and the deamination of amino acids.
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Kidney failure
Kidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys no longer work.
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Laurent Joubert
Laurent Joubert (16 December 1529, Dauphiné, France - 21 October 1582, near Montpellier, France) was a French physician.
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Leukoplakia
Leukoplakia generally refers to a firmly attached white patch on a mucous membrane which is associated with an increased risk of cancer.
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Licking
Licking is the action of passing the tongue over a surface, typically either to deposit saliva onto the surface, or to collect liquid, food or minerals onto the tongue for ingestion, or to communicate with other animals.
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List of counseling topics
Counseling is the activity of the counselor, or a professional who counsels people, especially on personal problems and difficulties.
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Listerine
Listerine is a brand of antiseptic mouthwash product.
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Liver failure
Liver failure or hepatic insufficiency is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic function as part of normal physiology.
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Long-term effects of alcohol consumption
The long-term effects of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular diseaseAssociation of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Lower respiratory tract infection
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), while often used as a synonym for pneumonia, can also be applied to other types of infection including lung abscess and acute bronchitis.
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Lung
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.
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Malignancy
Malignancy is the tendency of a medical condition to become progressively worse.
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Meat
Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.
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Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of organisms.
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Methanethiol
Methanethiol (also known as methyl mercaptan) is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula.
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Miasma theory
The miasma theory (also called the miasmatic theory) is an obsolete medical theory that held that diseases—such as cholera, chlamydia, or the Black Death—were caused by a miasma (μίασμα, ancient Greek: "pollution"), a noxious form of "bad air", also known as night air.
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Miswak
The miswak (miswaak, siwak, sewak, سواك or مسواك) is a teeth cleaning twig made from the Salvadora persica tree (known as arāk, أراك, in Arabic).
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Mood disorder
Mood disorder, also known as mood (affective) disorders, is a group of conditions where a disturbance in the person's mood is the main underlying feature.
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Mouth ulcer
A mouth ulcer is an ulcer that occurs on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.
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Mouthwash
Mouthwash, mouth rinse, oral rinse, or mouth bath is a liquid which is held in the mouth passively or swilled around the mouth by contraction of the perioral muscles and/or movement of the head, and may be gargled, where the head is tilted back and the liquid bubbled at the back of the mouth.
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Myrrh
Myrrh (from Aramaic, but see § Etymology) is a natural gum or resin extracted from a number of small, thorny tree species of the genus Commiphora.
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Nasal cavity
The nasal cavity (nasal fossa, or nasal passage) is a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.
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Nephritis
Nephritis is inflammation of the kidneys and may involve the glomeruli, tubules, or interstitial tissue surrounding the glomeruli and tubules.
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New York City
The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.
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Nostril
A nostril (or naris, plural nares) is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening.
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Obsessive–compulsive disorder
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder where people feel the need to check things repeatedly, perform certain routines repeatedly (called "rituals"), or have certain thoughts repeatedly (called "obsessions").
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Odor
An odor, odour or fragrance is always caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds.
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Olfactory reference syndrome
Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is a psychiatric condition in which there is a persistent false belief and preoccupation with the idea of emitting abnormal body odors which the patient thinks that are foul and offensive to other individuals.
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Onion
The onion (Allium cepa L., from Latin cepa "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium.
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Oral cancer
Oral cancer, also known as mouth cancer, is a type of head and neck cancer and is any cancerous tissue growth located in the oral cavity.
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Oral medicine
Oral medicine (sometimes termed dental medicine, oral and maxillofacial medicine or stomatology) is a specialty focused on the mouth and nearby structures.
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Oral submucous fibrosis
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF or OSF) is a chronic, complex, premalignant (1% transformation risk) condition of the oral cavity, characterized by juxta-epithelial inflammatory reaction and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues (the lamina propria and deeper connective tissues).
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Organosulfur compounds
Organosulfur compounds are organic compounds that contain sulfur.
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Otorhinolaryngology
Otorhinolaryngology (also called otolaryngology and otolaryngology–head and neck surgery) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with conditions of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) and related structures of the head and neck.
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Paranasal sinuses
Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity.
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Parsley
Parsley or garden parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to the central Mediterranean region (southern Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Malta, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia), naturalized elsewhere in Europe, and widely cultivated as an herb, a spice, and a vegetable.
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Periodontal disease
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth.
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Peritonsillar abscess
Peritonsillar abscess (PTA), also known as a quinsy, is pus due to an infection behind the tonsil.
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Pharynx
The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the throat that is behind the mouth and nasal cavity and above the esophagus and the larynx, or the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs.
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Pliny the Elder
Pliny the Elder (born Gaius Plinius Secundus, AD 23–79) was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, a naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and friend of emperor Vespasian.
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Polyamine
A polyamine is an organic compound having more than two amino groups.
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Post-nasal drip
Post-nasal drip (PND, also termed upper airway cough syndrome, UACS, or post nasal drip syndrome, PNDS) occurs when excessive mucus is produced by the nasal mucosa.
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Precancerous condition
A precancerous condition or premalignant condition, sometimes called a potentially precancerous condition or potentially premalignant condition, is a term used to describe certain conditions or lesions involving abnormal cells which are associated with an increased risk of developing into cancer.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Putrefaction
Putrefaction is the fifth stage of death, following pallor mortis, algor mortis, rigor mortis, and livor mortis.
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Renaissance
The Renaissance is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries.
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Saliva
Saliva is a watery substance formed in the mouths of animals, secreted by the salivary glands.
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Salvadora persica
Salvadora persica (arak, Galenia asiatica, meswak, peelu, pīlu, Salvadora indica, or toothbrush tree, mustard tree, mustard bush), is a species of Salvadora.
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Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula.
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Sinusitis
Sinusitis, also known as a sinus infection or rhinosinusitis, is inflammation of the sinuses resulting in symptoms.
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Skatole
Skatole or 3-methylindole is a mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound belonging to the indole family.
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Skin cancer
Skin cancers are cancers that arise from the skin.
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Social stigma
Social stigma is disapproval of (or discontent with) a person based on socially characteristic grounds that are perceived.
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Squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinomas, also known as epidermoid carcinoma are a number of different types of cancer that result from squamous cells.
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Stomach
The stomach (from ancient Greek στόμαχος, stomachos, stoma means mouth) is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates.
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Symptom
A symptom (from Greek σύμπτωμα, "accident, misfortune, that which befalls", from συμπίπτω, "I befall", from συν- "together, with" and πίπτω, "I fall") is a departure from normal function or feeling which is noticed by a patient, reflecting the presence of an unusual state, or of a disease.
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Taboo
In any given society, a taboo is an implicit prohibition or strong discouragement against something (usually against an utterance or behavior) based on a cultural feeling that it is either too repulsive or dangerous, or, perhaps, too sacred for ordinary people.
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Talmud
The Talmud (Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root LMD "teach, study") is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law and theology.
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Taste
Taste, gustatory perception, or gustation is one of the five traditional senses that belongs to the gustatory system.
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Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a unitary state at the center of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces.
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Thiol
Thiol is an organosulfur compound that contains a carbon-bonded sulfhydryl (R–SH) group (where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent).
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Throat
In vertebrate anatomy, the throat is the front part of the neck, positioned in front of the vertebra.
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Tobacco products
Tobacco is the agricultural product of the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana.
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Tobacco smoking
Tobacco smoking is the practice of smoking tobacco and inhaling tobacco smoke (consisting of particle and gaseous phases).
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Tongue
The tongue is a muscular organ in the mouth of most vertebrates that manipulates food for mastication, and is used in the act of swallowing.
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Tongue cleaner
A tongue cleaner (also called a tongue scraper or tongue brush) is an oral hygiene device designed to clean the coating on the upper surface of the tongue.
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Tongue disease
Tongue diseases can be congenital or acquired, and are multiple in number.
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Tonsillar crypts
The human palatine tonsils (PT) are covered by stratified squamous epithelium that extends into deep and partly branched tonsillar crypts, of which there are about 10 to 30.
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Tonsillitis
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, typically of rapid onset.
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Tonsillolith
Tonsilloliths, also known as tonsil stones, are soft aggregates of bacterial and cellular debris that form in the tonsillar crypts, the crevices of the tonsils.
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Tooth brushing
Tooth brushing is the act of scrubbing teeth with a toothbrush equipped with toothpaste.
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Tooth decay
Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities, is a breakdown of teeth due to acids made by bacteria.
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Trimethylamine
Trimethylamine (TMA) is an organic compound with the formula N(CH3)3.
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Trimethylaminuria
Trimethylaminuria (TMAU; primary trimethylaminuria), also known as fish odor syndrome or fish malodor syndrome, is a rare metabolic disorder that causes a defect in the normal production of an enzyme named flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3).
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Uremia
Uremia is the condition of having "urea in the blood".
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Urine
Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many animals.
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Wrist
In human anatomy, the wrist is variously defined as 1) the carpus or carpal bones, the complex of eight bones forming the proximal skeletal segment of the hand;Behnke 2006, p. 76. "The wrist contains eight bones, roughly aligned in two rows, known as the carpal bones."Moore 2006, p. 485. "The wrist (carpus), the proximal segment of the hand, is a complex of eight carpal bones. The carpus articulates proximally with the forearm at the wrist joint and distally with the five metacarpals. The joints formed by the carpus include the wrist (radiocarpal joint), intercarpal, carpometacarpal and intermetacarpal joints. Augmenting movement at the wrist joint, the rows of carpals glide on each other " (2) the wrist joint or radiocarpal joint, the joint between the radius and the carpus and (3) the anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints.Behnke 2006, p. 77. "With the large number of bones composing the wrist (ulna, radius, eight carpas, and five metacarpals), it makes sense that there are many, many joints that make up the structure known as the wrist."Baratz 1999, p. 391. "The wrist joint is composed of not only the radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joints but also the intercarpal articulations." This region also includes the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, bracelet lines, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum. As a consequence of these various definitions, fractures to the carpal bones are referred to as carpal fractures, while fractures such as distal radius fracture are often considered fractures to the wrist.
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Xerostomia
Xerostomia, also known as dry mouth and dry mouth syndrome, is dryness in the mouth, which may be associated with a change in the composition of saliva, or reduced salivary flow, or have no identifiable cause.
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Zenker's diverticulum
A Zenker's diverticulum, also pharyngoesophageal diverticulum, also pharyngeal pouch, also hypopharyngeal diverticulum, is a diverticulum of the mucosa of the esophagus, just above the cricopharyngeal muscle (i.e. above the upper sphincter of the esophagus).
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Zinc gluconate
Zinc gluconate is the zinc salt of gluconic acid.
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Bad Breath, Breath Odor, Breath odor, Bromopnea, Chronic halitosis, Fear of bad breath, Fetor oris, Haletosis, Halithosis, Halitophobia, Halitoses, Halitosis, Morning breath, Ozostomia, Unpleasant breath.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_breath
