Boxer Rebellion

The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising or the Boxer Insurrection, was an anti-foreign, anti-imperialist, and anti-Christian uprising in North China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, known as the "Boxers" in English due to many of its members having practised Chinese martial arts, which at the time were referred to as "Chinese boxing". ^[1]

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Table of Contents

1. 322 relations: Abdul Hamid II, Adna Chaffee, Aigun, Aleksey Kuropatkin, Alfons Mumm von Schwarzenstein, Alfred Gaselee, Alfred von Waldersee, American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, Amur, Anachronism, Anchee Min, Anti-Christian sentiment, Anti-imperialism, Archimandrite, Arnold Henry Savage Landor, Arthur Henderson Smith, Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Arute Hala, Attila, Austria-Hungary, Ava Gardner, Baguadao, Battle of Beicang, Battle of Langfang, Battle of Peking (1900), Battle of Senluo Temple, Battle of the Taku Forts (1900), Battle of Tientsin, Battle of Yangcun, Bertram Lenox Simpson, Big Swords Society, Blagoveshchensk, BMS World Mission, Boxer Indemnity Scholarship, Boxer movement, Boxer Protocol, Brevet (military), Brill Publishers, British Indian Army, Caishikou Execution Grounds, Caliphate, Cao Futian, Cao Prefecture, Century of humiliation, Chang Cheh, Charlton Heston, Chen Duxiu, China Martyrs of 1900, China Relief Expedition, Chinese Eastern Railway, ... Expand index (272 more) » « Shrink index

2. 1899 in China
3. 1899 in Christianity
4. 1900 in China
5. 1900 in Christianity
6. 1901 in China
7. 1901 in Christianity
8. Anti-Christian sentiment in China
9. Anti-imperialism in Asia
10. Attacks on diplomatic missions in China
11. Battles involving the princely states of India
12. Chinese Taoists
13. Conflicts involving the German Empire
14. Eight Banners
15. History of the Royal Marines
16. Rebellions in the Qing dynasty
17. Shamanism
18. Wars involving Germany
19. Wars involving Italy
20. Wars involving Japan
21. Wars involving the Habsburg monarchy

Abdul Hamid II

Abdulhamid or Abdul Hamid II (Abd ul-Hamid-i s̱ānī; II.; 21 September 184210 February 1918) was the 34th sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1876 to 1909, and the last sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state.

See Boxer Rebellion and Abdul Hamid II

Adna Chaffee

Adna Romanza Chaffee (April 14, 1842 – November 1, 1914) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army.

See Boxer Rebellion and Adna Chaffee

Aigun

Aigun (Manchu: aihūn) was a historic Chinese town in northern Manchuria, situated on the right bank of the Amur River, some south (downstream) from the central urban area of Heihe (which is across the Amur from the mouth of the Zeya River and Blagoveschensk).

See Boxer Rebellion and Aigun

Aleksey Kuropatkin

Aleksey Nikolayevich Kuropatkin (Алексе́й Никола́евич Куропа́ткин; March 29, 1848January 16, 1925) served as the Russian Imperial Minister of War from January 1898 to February 1904 and as a field commander subsequently.

See Boxer Rebellion and Aleksey Kuropatkin

Alfons Mumm von Schwarzenstein

Philipp Alfons Freiherr Mumm von Schwarzenstein (19 March 1859 – 10 July 1924) (also known as Alfons von Mumm) was a diplomat of the German Empire.

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Alfred Gaselee

General Sir Alfred Gaselee,, (3 June 1844 – 29 March 1918) was a soldier who served in the British Indian Army.

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Alfred von Waldersee

Alfred Ludwig Heinrich Karl Graf von Waldersee (8 April 18325 March 1904) was a German field marshal (Generalfeldmarschall) who became Chief of the Imperial German General Staff.

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American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions

The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) was among the first American Christian missionary organizations.

See Boxer Rebellion and American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions

Amur

The Amur River (река Амур) or Heilong River is a perennial river in Northeast Asia, forming the natural border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China (historically the Outer and Inner Manchuria). The Amur proper is long, and has a drainage basin of., Great Soviet Encyclopedia If including its main stem tributary, the Argun, the Amur is long, making it the world's tenth longest river.

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Anachronism

An anachronism (from the Greek ἀνά ana, 'against' and χρόνος khronos, 'time') is a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement, especially a juxtaposition of people, events, objects, language terms and customs from different time periods.

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Anchee Min

Anchee Min (born January 14, 1957, in Shanghai, China) is a Chinese-American author who lives in San Francisco and Shanghai.

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Anti-Christian sentiment

Anti-Christian sentiment, also referred to as Christophobia or Christianophobia, constitutes the fear of, hatred of, discrimination, and/or prejudice against Christians, the Christian religion, and/or its practices.

See Boxer Rebellion and Anti-Christian sentiment

Anti-imperialism

Anti-imperialism in political science and international relations is opposition to imperialism or neocolonialism.

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Archimandrite

The title archimandrite (archimandritēs.), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a superior abbot (hegumenos, ἡγούμενος, present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") whom a bishop appointed to supervise several "ordinary" abbots and monasteries, or as the abbot of some especially great and important monastery.

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Arnold Henry Savage Landor

Arnold Henry Savage Landor (2 June 1865 – 26 December 1924) was an English painter, explorer, writer, and anthropologist.

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Arthur Henderson Smith

Arthur Henderson Smith (July18, 1845August31, 1932) (Chinese name: 明恩溥; pinyin: Ming Enpu) was a missionary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions noted for spending 54 years as a missionary in China and writing books which presented China to foreign readers.

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Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.

Arthur Meier Schlesinger Jr. (born Arthur Bancroft Schlesinger; October 15, 1917 – February 28, 2007) was an American historian, social critic, and public intellectual.

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Arute Hala

Alute (阿魯特/阿鲁特) was a clan of Manchu nobility.

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Attila

Attila, frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death, in early 453.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.

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Ava Gardner

Ava Lavinia Gardner (December 24, 1922 – January 25, 1990) was an American actress.

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Baguadao

Baguadao (八卦道 "Way of the Eight Trigrams") or Eight Trigram Teaching (八卦教) is a network of Chinese folk religious sects, one of the most extended in northern China.

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Battle of Beicang

The Battle of Beicang, also rendered as the Battle of Peitsang, was fought August 5, 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion, between the Eight Nation Alliance and the Chinese Qing dynasty army. Boxer Rebellion and Battle of Beicang are 1900 in China and United States Marine Corps in the 20th century.

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Battle of Langfang

The Battle of Langfang took place during the Seymour Expedition during the Boxer Rebellion, in June 1900, involving Chinese imperial troops, the Chinese Muslim Kansu Braves and Boxers ambushing and defeating the Eight-Nation Alliance expeditionary army on its way to Beijing, pushing the Alliance forces to retreat back to Tientsin (Tianjin). Boxer Rebellion and Battle of Langfang are 1900 in China, anti-imperialism in Asia and United States Marine Corps in the 20th century.

See Boxer Rebellion and Battle of Langfang

Battle of Peking (1900)

The Battle of Peking, or historically the Relief of Peking, was the battle fought on 14–15 August 1900 in Beijing, in which the Eight-Nation Alliance relieved the siege of the Peking Legation Quarter during the Boxer Rebellion. Boxer Rebellion and battle of Peking (1900) are 1900 in China and United States Marine Corps in the 18th and 19th centuries.

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Battle of Senluo Temple

The Battle of Senluo Temple was a clash between members of the "Militia United in Righteousness" (better known as the "Boxers") and Qing government troops that took place on October 18, 1899, near a temple located on the western edge of Pingyuan County in northwestern Shandong. Boxer Rebellion and Battle of Senluo Temple are 1899 in China.

See Boxer Rebellion and Battle of Senluo Temple

Battle of the Taku Forts (1900)

The Battle of the Taku or Battle of Dagu Forts was a short engagement during the Boxer Rebellion between the Chinese Qing dynasty military and forces belonging to the Eight Nation Alliance in June 1900. Boxer Rebellion and Battle of the Taku Forts (1900) are 1900 in China.

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Battle of Tientsin

The Battle of Tientsin, or the Relief of Tientsin, occurred on 13–14 July 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion in Northern China. Boxer Rebellion and Battle of Tientsin are 1900 in China and United States Marine Corps in the 20th century.

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Battle of Yangcun

The Battle of Yangcun was a battle during the march of Eight-Nation Alliance forces from Tianjin to Beijing during the Boxer Rebellion. Boxer Rebellion and battle of Yangcun are 1900 in China.

See Boxer Rebellion and Battle of Yangcun

Bertram Lenox Simpson

Bertram Lenox Simpson (1877–1930) was a British author who wrote about China under the pen name "B.

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Big Swords Society

The Big Swords Society or Great Knife Society was a traditional peasant group most noted for the killing of two German Catholic missionaries at the Juye Incident in 1897 at Zhang Jia Village where the missionaries were ambushed in their sleep by about 30 armed men.

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Blagoveshchensk

Blagoveshchensk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Amur Oblast, Russia.

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BMS World Mission

BMS World Mission, officially Baptist Missionary Society, is a Christian missionary society founded by Baptists from England in 1792.

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Boxer Indemnity Scholarship

The Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program was a scholarship program for Chinese students to be educated in the United States, funded by the Boxer Indemnities.

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Boxer movement

The Boxers, officially known as the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists among other names, were a Chinese secret society based in Northern China that carried out the Boxer Rebellion from 1899 to 1901. Boxer Rebellion and Boxer movement are anti-imperialism in Asia and Chinese nationalism.

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Boxer Protocol

The Boxer Protocol was a diplomatic protocol signed in China's capital Beijing on September 7, 1901, between the Qing Empire of China and the Eight-Nation Alliance that had provided military forces (including France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Japan, Russia, and the United States) as well as Belgium, Spain, and the Netherlands, after China's defeat in the intervention to put down the Boxer Rebellion. Boxer Rebellion and Boxer Protocol are 1901 in China.

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Brevet (military)

In the military, a brevet is a warrant that gives a commissioned officer a higher rank title as a reward, but which may not confer the authority and privileges of real rank.

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Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

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British Indian Army

The Indian Army during British rule, also referred to as the British Indian Army, was the main military force of the British Indian Empire until 1947.

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Caishikou Execution Grounds

Caishikou Execution Grounds, also known as Vegetable Market Execution Ground, was an important execution ground in Beijing during the Qing Dynasty.

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Caliphate

A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.

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Cao Futian

Cao Futian was a Chinese nationalist and leader of the Boxers during the Boxer Uprising.

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Cao Prefecture

Caozhou or Cao Prefecture (曹州) was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China centering on modern Heze or Cao County in Shandong, China.

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Century of humiliation

The century of humiliation (百年国耻) was a period in Chinese history beginning with the First Opium War (1839–1842), and ending in 1945 with China (then the Republic of China) emerging out of the Second World War as one of the Big Four and established as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, or alternately, ending in 1949 with the founding of the People's Republic of China. Boxer Rebellion and century of humiliation are Chinese nationalism.

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Chang Cheh

Chang Cheh (10 February 1923 – 22 June 2002) was a Chinese filmmaker, screenwriter, lyricist and producer active in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

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Charlton Heston

Charlton Heston (born John Charles Carter; October 4, 1923 – April 5, 2008) was an American actor and political activist.

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Chen Duxiu

Chen Duxiu (8 October 187927 May 1942) was a Chinese revolutionary socialist, educator, philosopher and author, who co-founded the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) with Li Dazhao in 1921.

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China Martyrs of 1900

The "China Martyrs of 1900" is a term used by some Protestant Christians to refer to American and European missionaries and converts who were murdered during the Boxer Rebellion, when Boxers carried out violent attacks targeting Christians and foreigners in northern China. Boxer Rebellion and China Martyrs of 1900 are 1900 in China.

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China Relief Expedition

The China Relief Expedition was an expedition in China undertaken by the United States Armed Forces to rescue United States citizens, European nationals, and other foreign nationals during the latter years of the Boxer Rebellion, which lasted from 1898 to 1901.

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Chinese Eastern Railway

The Chinese Eastern Railway or CER (Китайско-Восточная железная дорога, or КВЖД, Kitaysko-Vostochnaya Zheleznaya Doroga or KVZhD), is the historical name for a railway system in Northeast China (also known as Manchuria).

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Chinese martial arts

Chinese martial arts, commonly referred to with umbrella terms kung fu, kuoshu or wushu, are multiple fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in Greater China.

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Chinese Martyrs

Chinese Martyrs (p) is the name given to a number of members of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church who were killed in China during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Chinese spirit possession

Chinese spirit possession is a practice performed by specialists called jitong (a type of shaman) in Chinese folk religion involving the channeling of Chinese deities who are invited to take control of the specialist's body, resulting in noticeable changes in body functions and behaviour.

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Christian mission

A Christian mission is an organized effort to carry on evangelism or other activities, such as educational or hospital work, in the name of the Christian faith.

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Christianity in China

Christianity has been present in China since the early medieval period, and became a significant presence in the country during the early modern era.

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Christianity in Inner Mongolia

Christians are a minority in the Inner Mongolia region of the People's Republic of China.

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Church arson

Church arson is the burning of, or attempting to burn, religious property.

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Church of the Saviour, Beijing

The Church of the Saviour (s), also known as the Xishiku Church (s) or Beitang (labels), is a historic Catholic church in the Xicheng District, Beijing, China.

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Claude Maxwell MacDonald

Colonel Sir Claude Maxwell MacDonald, (12 June 1852 – 10 September 1915) was a British soldier and diplomat, best known for his service in China and Japan.

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Clemens von Ketteler

Clemens August Freiherr von Ketteler (22 November 1853 – 20 June 1900) was a German career diplomat.

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Columbia University Press

Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University.

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Convention of Lhasa

The Convention of Lhasa, officially the Convention Between Great Britain and Thibet, was a treaty signed in 1904 between Tibet and Great Britain, in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, then a protectorate of the Qing dynasty.

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Convention of Peking

The Convention of Peking or First Convention of Peking is an agreement comprising three distinct unequal treaties concluded between the Qing dynasty of China and Great Britain, France, and the Russian Empire in 1860.

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Coriolano Ponza di San Martino

Coriolano Ponza di San Martino (Turin, 9 October 1842 – Cuneo, 6 January 1926) was an Italian general and politician.

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Cossacks

The Cossacks are a predominantly East Slavic Orthodox Christian people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia.

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Cultural Revolution

The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Boxer Rebellion and Cultural Revolution are anti-Christian sentiment in China.

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Dalian

Dalian is a major sub-provincial port city in Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, and is Liaoning's second largest city (after the provincial capital Shenyang) and the third-most populous city of Northeast China (after Shenyang and Harbin).

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Daur people

The Daur people, Dagur, Daghur or Dahur (Dagur:Daure; Khalkha Mongolian: Дагуур,;; Russian: Дауры, Daury) are a Mongolic people originally native to Dauria and now predominantly located in Northeast China (and Siberia, Russia in the past).

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David Niven

James David Graham Niven (1 March 1910 – 29 July 1983) was a British actor, soldier, memoirist, and novelist.

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Dong Fuxiang

Dong Fuxiang (1839–1908), courtesy name Xingwu (星五), was a Chinese general who lived in the late Qing dynasty.

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Donghak Peasant Revolution

The Donghak Peasant Revolution was a peasant revolt that took place between 11 January 1894 and 25 December 1895 in Korea.

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Douglas Kerr

Douglas Kerr is a British writer and academic who is best known for his work on Arthur Conan Doyle and George Orwell.

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Draft History of Qing

The Draft History of Qing is a draft of the official history of the Qing dynasty compiled and written by a team of over 100 historians led by Zhao Erxun who were hired by the Beiyang government of the Republic of China.

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Duke University Press

Duke University Press is an academic publisher and university press affiliated with Duke University.

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E. J. Dillon

Emile Joseph Dillon (21 March 1854 – 9 June 1933) was an Irish author, journalist and linguist.

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East Asia Squadron

The German East Asia Squadron (Kreuzergeschwader / Ostasiengeschwader) was an Imperial German Navy cruiser squadron which operated mainly in the Pacific Ocean between the mid-1890s until 1914, when it was destroyed at the Battle of the Falkland Islands.

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Edward Seymour (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral of the Fleet Sir Edward Hobart Seymour, (30 April 1840 – 2 March 1929) was a Royal Navy officer.

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Edwin H. Conger

Edwin Hurd Conger (March 7, 1843 – May 18, 1907) was an American Civil War soldier, lawyer, banker, Iowa congressman, and United States diplomat.

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Eight Banners

The Eight Banners (in Manchu: jakūn gūsa,, ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ) were administrative and military divisions under the Later Jin and Qing dynasties of China into which all Manchu households were placed.

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Eight-Nation Alliance

The Eight-Nation Alliance was a multinational military coalition that invaded northern China in 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion, with the stated aim of relieving the foreign legations in Beijing, which was being besieged by the popular Boxer militiamen, who were determined to remove foreign imperialism in China.

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Empire of Japan

The Empire of Japan, also referred to as the Japanese Empire, Imperial Japan, or simply Japan, was the Japanese nation-state that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the reformed Constitution of Japan in 1947.

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Empress Dowager Cixi

Empress Dowager Cixi (29 November 1835 – 15 November 1908) was a Manchu noblewoman of the Yehe Nara clan who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty as empress dowager and regent for almost 50 years, from 1861 until her death in 1908.

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Enver Pasha

İsmail Enver (اسماعیل انور پاشا; İsmail Enver Paşa; 23 November 1881 – 4 August 1922), better known as Enver Pasha, was an Ottoman military officer, revolutionary, and convicted war criminal who was a part of the dictatorial triumvirate known as the "Three Pashas" (along with Talaat Pasha and Cemal Pasha) in the Ottoman Empire.

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Ernest Mason Satow

Sir Ernest Mason Satow, (30 June 1843 – 26 August 1929), was a British diplomat, scholar and Japanologist.

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Face (sociological concept)

Face is a class of behaviors and customs, associated with the morality, honor, and authority of an individual (or group of individuals), and its image in social groups.

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Feng shui

Feng shui, sometimes called Chinese geomancy, is a traditional practice that originated in Ancient China and claims to use energy forces to harmonize individuals with their surrounding environment.

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First Sino-Japanese War

The First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 1894 – 17 April 1895) or the First China–Japan War was a conflict between the Qing dynasty and the Empire of Japan primarily over influence in Korea. Boxer Rebellion and First Sino-Japanese War are wars involving Japan.

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Forbidden City

The Forbidden City is the imperial palace complex in the center of the Imperial City in Beijing, China.

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Foreign concessions in China

Foreign concessions in China were a group of concessions that existed during the late Imperial China and the Republic of China, which were governed and occupied by foreign powers, and are frequently associated with colonialism and imperialism.

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Francis Dunlap Gamewell

Francis Dunlap Gamewell (August 31, 1857, Camden, South Carolina – August 14, 1950, Clifton Springs, New York) was a Methodist missionary in China.

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French Indochina

French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China), officially known as the Indochinese Union and after 1946 as the French Union, was a grouping of French colonial territories in Mainland Southeast Asia until its end in 1954. It comprised Cambodia, Laos (from 1899), the Chinese territory of Guangzhouwan (from 1898 until 1945), and the Vietnamese regions of Tonkin in the north, Annam in the centre, and Cochinchina in the south.

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French Third Republic

The French Third Republic (Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government.

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Fujian

Fujian is a province on the southeastern coast of China.

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Fukushima Yasumasa

Baron was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army.

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Gaselee Expedition

The Gaselee Expedition was a successful relief by a multi-national military force to march to Beijing and protect the diplomatic legations and foreign nationals in the city from attacks in 1900. Boxer Rebellion and Gaselee Expedition are 1900 in China and United States Marine Corps in the 20th century.

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Gengzi Guobian Tanci

Gengzi Guobian Tanci ("Tanci, on the Boxer Rebellion of 1900" or "The tanci of the national calamity of 1900" or "The National Disturbances of the Year Gengzi")PL, p..

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Georg Maria Stenz

Georg Maria Stenz (22 November 1869Klaus Mühlhahn, Herrschaft und Widerstand in der "Musterkolonie" Kiautschou: Interaktionen zwischen China und Deutschland, 1897–1914, Oldenbourg Verlag, Jan 26, 2000 – 23 April 1928Stephan Puhl, Roman Malek (editor), "Georg M. Stenz, SVD (1869–1928): Chinamissionar im Kaiserreich und in der Republik", Steyler Verlag, Nettetal, 1994) was a Catholic missionary of the Society of the Divine Word in Shandong during the period from 1893 to 1927.

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George Ernest Morrison

George Ernest Morrison (4 February 1862 – 30 May 1920) was an Australian journalist, political adviser to and representative of the government of the Republic of China during the First World War and owner of the then largest Asiatic library ever assembled.

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George Frederick Pentecost

George Frederick Pentecost (1842–1920) was a prominent American evangelist and co-worker with Revivalist D.L. Moody.

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German Empire

The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.

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Giuseppe Salvago Raggi

Giuseppe Salvago Raggi (17 May 1866 – 28 February 1946) was an Italian diplomat, born in Genoa.

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Government of the United Kingdom

The Government of the United Kingdom (formally His Majesty's Government, abbreviated to HM Government) is the central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

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Grand Canal (China)

The Grand Canal is a system of interconnected canals linking various major rivers in North and East China, serving as an important waterborne transport infrastructure between the north and the south during Medieval and premodern China.

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Grand Council (Qing dynasty)

The Grand Council or Junji Chu (Manchu: coohai nashūn i ba; literally, "Office of Military Secrets"), officially the Banli Junji Shiwu Chu ("Office for the Handling of Confidential Military Affairs"), was an important policy-making body of China during the Qing dynasty.

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Great Hsi-Ku Arsenal

The Great Hsi-Ku Arsenal was a Qing dynasty imperial arsenal that stored munitions, rifles, and millions of rounds of ammunition.

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Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China (literally "ten thousand ''li'' long wall") is a series of fortifications that were built across the historical northern borders of ancient Chinese states and Imperial China as protection against various nomadic groups from the Eurasian Steppe.

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Grote Hutcheson

Grote Hutcheson (April 1, 1862 – December 14, 1948) was an officer of the U.S Army from 1884 to 1924.

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Guangxi

Guangxi, officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in South China and bordering Vietnam (Hà Giang, Cao Bằng, Lạng Sơn, and Quảng Ninh Provinces) and the Gulf of Tonkin.

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Guangxu Emperor

The Guangxu Emperor (14 August 1871 – 14 November 1908), also known by his temple name Emperor Dezong of Qing, personal name Zaitian, was the tenth emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China proper.

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Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907

The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 are a series of international treaties and declarations negotiated at two international peace conferences at The Hague in the Netherlands.

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Hai River

The Hai River (海河, lit. "Sea River"), also known as the Peiho, ("White River"), or Hai Ho, is a Chinese river connecting Beijing to Tianjin and the Bohai Sea.

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Hanjian

In China, the word hanjian is a pejorative term for those seen as traitors to the Chinese state and, to a lesser extent, Han Chinese ethnicity.

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Hanlin Academy

The Hanlin Academy was an academic and administrative institution of higher learning founded in the 8th century Tang China by Emperor Xuanzong in Chang'an.

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Heilongjiang

Heilongjiang is a province in northeast China.

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Henan

Henan is an inland province of China.

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Henri-Nicolas Frey

Henri-Nicolas Frey was a French major general of the Troupes coloniales.

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Henrietta Harrison

Henrietta Katherine Harrison, (born 1967) is a British historian, sinologist, and academic.

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Herbert G. Squiers

Herbert Goldsmith Squiers (April 20, 1859 – October 19, 1911) was an American diplomat and soldier, who served as the U.S. minister to Cuba (1902–1905), and Panama (1906–1909) and a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army.

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Herbert Hoover

Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician and humanitarian who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933.

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Hetao

Hetao is a C-shaped region in northwestern China consisting of a collection of flood plains stretching from the banks of the northern half of the Ordos Loop, a large northerly rectangular bend of the Yellow River, that forms the river's entire middle section.

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Hitara

Hitara (喜塔臘/喜塔腊, pinyin: Xitala), earlier known as Hitan (溪滩氏, pinyin: xitanshi), was a clan of Manchu nobility belonging to the Manchu Plain White Banner.

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HMS Fame (1896)

HMS Fame was a two funnel, 30 knot destroyer of the Royal Navy, ordered under the 1894–1895 Naval Estimates.

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Honghuzi

Honghuzi were armed Chinese robbers and bandits who operated in the areas of the eastern Russia-China borderland during the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century.

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House of Aisin-Gioro

The House of Aisin-Gioro is a Manchu clan that ruled the Later Jin dynasty (1616–1636), the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), and Manchukuo (1932–1945) in the history of China.

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Hu Shih

Hu Shih (17 December 189124 February 1962) was a Chinese diplomat, essayist and fiction writer, literary scholar, philosopher, and politician.

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Hudson Taylor

James Hudson Taylor (21 May 1832 – 3 June 1905) was a British Baptist Christian missionary to China and founder of the China Inland Mission (CIM, now OMF International).

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Hun speech

The Hun speech was delivered by German emperor Wilhelm II on 27 July 1900 in Bremerhaven, on the occasion of the farewell of parts of the German East Asian Expeditionary Corps.

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Hundred Days' Reform

The Hundred Days' Reform or Wuxu Reform was a failed 103-day national, cultural, political, and educational reform movement that occurred from 11 June to 22 September 1898 during the late Qing dynasty.

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Huns

The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries AD.

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Hushenying

The Hushenying were a unit of 10,000 Manchu Bannermen under the command of Zaiyi during the Boxer Rebellion. Boxer Rebellion and Hushenying are Eight Banners.

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Imperial decree of declaration of war against foreign powers

The Imperial Decree of declaration of war against foreign powers was a simultaneous declaration of war by the Qing dynasty in 1900 against eleven foreign powers which held varying degrees of influence in China: Russia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Boxer Rebellion and Imperial decree of declaration of war against foreign powers are 1900 in China.

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Imperial decree on events leading to the signing of Boxer Protocol

The Imperial Decree on events leading to the signing of Boxer Protocol is an imperial decree issued by the government of the Qing dynasty in the name of the Guangxu Emperor, as an official imperial statement on historical events such as Boxer Rebellion, Eight-Nation Alliance and Battle of Peking and Siege of the International Legations, detailing instructions given to Prince Qing and Li Hongzhang as the full representatives of the imperial court in negotiating a peace treaty with the foreign powers, prior to the official signing of the Boxer Protocol on 7 September 1901.

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Imperial examination

The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.

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Indemnity

In contract law, an indemnity is a contractual obligation of one party (the indemnitor) to compensate the loss incurred by another party (the indemnitee) due to the relevant acts of the indemnitor or any other party.

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Indian Armed Forces

The Indian Armed Forces are the military forces of the Republic of India.

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Indian Rebellion of 1857

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. Boxer Rebellion and Indian Rebellion of 1857 are wars involving the United Kingdom.

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International zone

An international zone is any area not fully subject to the border control policies of the state in which it is located.

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Internet Archive

The Internet Archive is an American nonprofit digital library founded in 1996 by Brewster Kahle.

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Jade Emperor

In the myths and folk religion of Chinese culture, the Jade Emperor or Yudi is one of the representations of the primordial god.

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Jiang Guiti

Jiang Guiti (1844 – January 16, 1922) was a Chinese general who served under Song Qing in the suppression of the Taiping and Nian rebels and later against the Empire of Japan.

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Jiaozhou Bay

Jiaozhou Bay (Kiautschou Bucht) is a bay located in the prefecture-level city of Qingdao (Tsingtau), Shandong Province, China.

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Jilin

Jilin is one of the three provinces of Northeast China.

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John King Fairbank

John King Fairbank (May 24, 1907September 14, 1991) was an American historian of China and United States–China relations.

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John Twiggs Myers

John Twiggs Myers (January 29, 1871 – April 17, 1952) was a United States Marine Corps general who was most famous for his service as the American Legation Guard in Beijing during the Boxer Rebellion.

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Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, Johns, or JHU) is a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.

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Joseph W. Esherick

Joseph W. Esherick (Chinese name:, born 1942) is an emeritus professor of modern Chinese history at the University of California, San Diego.

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Juye Incident

The Juye Incident (Juye Vorfall) refers to the killing of two German Catholic missionaries, Richard Henle and Franz Xaver Nies, of the Society of the Divine Word, in Juye County Shandong Province, China in the night of 1–2 November 1897 (All Saints' Day to All Souls' Day). Boxer Rebellion and Juye Incident are anti-Christian sentiment in China.

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Kansu Braves

The Gansu Braves or Gansu Army was a unit of 10,000 Chinese Muslim troops from the northwestern province of Kansu (Gansu) in the last decades of the Qing dynasty (1644–1912).

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Kingdom of Italy

The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 10 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished, following civil discontent that led to an institutional referendum on 2 June 1946.

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Kommersant

(Коммерсантъ,, The Businessman or Commerce Man, often shortened to Ъ) is a nationally distributed daily newspaper published in Russia mostly devoted to politics and business.

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Komura Jutarō

was a Japanese statesman and diplomat.

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Korea

Korea (translit in South Korea, or label in North Korea) is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula (label in South Korea, or label in North Korea), Jeju Island, and smaller islands.

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Krupp

Friedrich Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp (formerly Friedrich Krupp GmbH), trading as Krupp, was the largest company in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century as well as Germany's premier weapons manufacturer during both world wars.

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Kuomintang

The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially based on the Chinese mainland and then in Taiwan since 1949.

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Langfang

Langfang is a prefecture-level city of Hebei Province, and was known as Tianjin Prefecture until 1973.

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Lao She

Shu Qingchun (3 February 189924 August 1966), known by his pen name Lao She, was a Chinese novelist and dramatist.

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Late Qing reforms

Late Qing reforms, commonly known as New Policies of the late Qing dynasty, or New Deal of the late Qing dynasty, simply referred to as New Policies, were a series of cultural, economic, educational, military, diplomatic, and political reforms implemented in the last decade of the Qing dynasty to keep the dynasty in power after the invasions of the great powers of the Eight Nation Alliance in league with the ten provinces of the Southeast Mutual Protection during the Boxer Rebellion.

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Law of war

The law of war is a component of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war (jus ad bellum) and the conduct of hostilities (jus in bello).

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Lüshun Port

Lüshun Port in Lüshunkou District, Dalian, Liaoning province, China, refers to the original Lüshun Naval Port for military use or the New Lüshun Port for commercial use.

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Lüshunkou, Dalian

Lüshunkou District (also Lyushunkou District) is a district of Dalian, Liaoning province, China.

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Lebel Model 1886 rifle

The Lebel Model 1886 rifle (French: Fusil Modèle 1886 dit "Fusil Lebel") also known as the "Fusil Mle 1886 M93", after a bolt modification was added in 1893, is an 8 mm bolt-action infantry rifle that entered service in the French Army in 1887.

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Legation

A legation was a diplomatic representative office of lower rank than an embassy.

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Leo Tolstoy

Count Lev Nikolayevich TolstoyTolstoy pronounced his first name as, which corresponds to the romanization Lyov.

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Lew Rockwell

Llewellyn Harrison Rockwell Jr. (born July 1, 1944) is an American author, editor, and political consultant.

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Li Bingheng

Li Bingheng, courtesy name Jiantang was a Chinese military figure and statesman who served as the Governor of Anhui and the Governor of Shandong and a veteran of the Sino-French War, the First Sino-Japanese War and served in the Boxer Rebellion before committing suicide at the Battle of Peking.

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Li Hongzhang

Li Hongzhang, Marquess Suyi (t; also Li Hung-chang; 15 February 1823 – 7 November 1901) was a Chinese statesman, general and diplomat of the late Qing dynasty.

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Liaodong Peninsula

The Liaodong or Liaotung Peninsula is a peninsula in southern Liaoning province in Northeast China, and makes up the southwestern coastal half of the Liaodong region.

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Liaoning

Liaoning is a coastal province in Northeast China that is the smallest, southernmost, and most populous province in the region.

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List of 1900–1930 publications on the Boxer Rebellion

List of 1900-1930 publications on Boxer Rebellion is a list of Chinese language publications on the nature of Boxer Rebellion during the early 20th century. Boxer Rebellion and list of 1900–1930 publications on the Boxer Rebellion are 1900 in China.

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Liu E (writer)

Liu E (also spelled Liu O; 18 October 1857 – 23 August 1909), courtesy name Tieyun, was a Chinese writer, archaeologist and politician of the late Qing Dynasty.

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Liu Kunyi

Liu Kunyi (January21, 1830October6, 1902) was a Chinese official who came to prominence during the government suppression of the Taiping Rebellion and was active in the following Self-Strengthening Movement in the second half of the nineteenth century, the late Qing dynasty.

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Ma Fulu

Ma Fulu (Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ فُ‌لُ; 1854 – 1900), a Chinese Muslim, was the son of General Ma Qianling and the brother of Ma Fucai, Ma Fushou and Ma Fuxiang.

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Ma Fuxiang

Ma Fuxiang (Xiao'erjing: مَا فُ‌ثِیَانْ, French romanization: Ma-Fou-hiang or Ma Fou-siang; 4 February 1876 – 19 August 1932) was a Chinese Muslim scholar and military and political figure, spanning from the Qing Dynasty through the early Republic of China.

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Ma Fuxing

Ma Fuxing (t; Ma Fu-hsing in Wade Giles; 1864–1924) was a Hui born in Yunnan, in Qing dynasty China.

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Ma Yukun

Ma Yukun, courtesy name Jingshan was a Chinese army general who primarily served the Huai Army and the Resolute Army; he served during the First Sino-Japanese War and the Boxer Rebellion.

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Mainland China

Mainland China is the territory under direct administration of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War.

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Manchester University Press

Manchester University Press is the university press of the University of Manchester, England and a publisher of academic books and journals.

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Manila

Manila (Maynila), officially the City of Manila (Lungsod ng Maynila), is the capital and second-most-populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City.

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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese politician, Marxist theorist, military strategist, poet, and revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Mark Twain

Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, and essayist.

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Mauser

Mauser, originally the Königlich Württembergische Gewehrfabrik, was a German arms manufacturer.

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May Fourth Movement

The May Fourth Movement was a Chinese cultural and anti-imperialist political movement which grew out of student protests in Beijing on May 4, 1919.

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Metrophanes, Chi Sung

Metrophanes, Chi Sung (Cháng Yángjí,常楊吉, his Chinese name is also sometimes translated as Tsi Chung) or Mitrophan (December 10, 1855 – June 10, 1900) was the first Chinese Eastern Orthodox priest to be martyred.

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Military of the Qing dynasty

The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) was established by conquest and maintained by armed force. Boxer Rebellion and Military of the Qing dynasty are Eight Banners.

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Ming dynasty

The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.

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Mo Yan

Guan Moye (born 5 March 1955), better known by the pen name Mo Yan, is a Chinese novelist and short story writer.

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Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south.

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Mongols

The Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China (majority in Inner Mongolia), as well as Buryatia and Kalmykia of Russia.

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Most Holy Synod

The Most Holy Governing Synod (Svyateyshiy Pravitel'stvuyushchiy Sinod, pre-reform orthography: Svyatěyshìy Pravitel'stvuyushchìy Sÿnod) was the highest governing body of the Russian Orthodox Church between 1721 and 1917.

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Mutual Defense Pact of the Southeastern Provinces

The Mutual Defense Pact of the Southeastern Provinces was an agreement reached in the summer of 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion by Qing dynasty governors of the provinces in southern, eastern and central China when the Eight-Nation Alliance invaded northern China. Boxer Rebellion and Mutual Defense Pact of the Southeastern Provinces are 1899 in China, 1900 in China and 1901 in China.

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Nationalism

Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state.

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Naval mine

A naval mine is a self-contained explosive device placed in water to damage or destroy surface ships or submarines.

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New Army

The New Army (Traditional Chinese: 新軍, Simplified Chinese: 新军; Pinyin: Xīnjūn, Manchu: Ice cooha), more fully called the Newly Created Army (Xinjian LujunAlso translated as "Newly Established Army"), was the modernised army corps formed under the Qing dynasty in December 1895, following its defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War.

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New Culture Movement

The New Culture Movement was a progressive sociopolitical movement in China during the 1910s and 1920s.

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New Martyr

The title of New Martyr or Neomartyr (νεο-, neo-, the prefix for "new"; and μάρτυς, martys, "witness") is conferred in some denominations of Christianity to distinguish more recent martyrs and confessors from the old martyrs of the persecution in the Roman Empire.

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Nicholas Ray

Nicholas Ray (born Raymond Nicholas Kienzle Jr., August 7, 1911 – June 16, 1979) was an American film director, screenwriter, and actor.

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Nie Shicheng

Nie Shicheng (1836 – July 1900) was a Chinese general of the Qing dynasty who served the imperial government during the Boxer Rebellion.

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Nikolai Linevich

Nikolai Petrovich Linevich, also Lenevich and Linevitch (Николай Петрович Линевич, Ліневич Микола Петрович; –) was a career military officer, General of Infantry (1903) and Adjutant general in the Imperial Russian Army in the Far East during the latter part of the Russo-Japanese War.

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North China

North China is a geographical region of China, consisting of two direct-administered municipalities (Beijing and Tianjin), two provinces (Hebei and Shanxi), and one autonomous region (Inner Mongolia).

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North China Plain

The North China Plain is a large-scale downfaulted rift basin formed in the late Paleogene and Neogene and then modified by the deposits of the Yellow River.

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Northern Expedition

The Northern Expedition was a military campaign launched by the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Kuomintang (KMT) against the Beiyang government and other regional warlords in 1926.

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OMF International

OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before 1964 the China Inland Mission) is an international and interdenominational Evangelical Christian missionary society with an international centre in Singapore.

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Open Door Policy

The Open Door Policy is the United States diplomatic policy established in the late 19th and early 20th century that called for a system of equal trade and investment and to guarantee the territorial integrity of Qing China.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Pamela Kyle Crossley

Pamela Kyle Crossley (born 18 November 1955) is a historian of modern China, northern Asia, and global history and is the Charles and Elfriede Collis Professor of History, Dartmouth College.

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Paul Cohen (historian)

Paul A. Cohen (Chinese name:, born June 2, 1934 Great Neck, New York) is Edith Stix Wasserman Professor of Asian Studies and History Emeritus at Wellesley College and Associate of the Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard University.

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Paul von Rennenkampf

Paul Georg Edler von Rennenkampf (p; – 1 April 1918) was a Baltic German nobleman, statesman and general of the Imperial Russian Army who commanded the 1st Army in the invasion of East Prussia during the initial stage of the Eastern front of World War I. He also served as the last commander of the Vilna Military District.

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Pavel Mishchenko

Pavel Ivanovich Mishchenko (Па́вел Ива́нович Ми́щенко; Pavlo Ivanovych Mishchenko; 22 January 1853 - 1918) was an Imperial Russian career military officer and statesman of the Imperial Russian Army.

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Peking Field Force

The Peking Field Force was a modern-armed military unit that defended the Chinese imperial capital Beijing in the last decades of the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). Boxer Rebellion and Peking Field Force are Eight Banners.

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Peking Legation Quarter

The Peking Legation Quarter was the area in Beijing (Peking), China where a number of foreign legations were located between 1861 and 1959.

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Philippine–American War

The Philippine–American War, known alternatively as the Philippine Insurrection, Filipino–American War, or Tagalog Insurgency, emerged following the conclusion of the Spanish–American War in December 1898 when the United States annexed the Philippine Islands under the Treaty of Paris. Boxer Rebellion and Philippine–American War are wars involving the United States.

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Pierre Loti

Pierre Loti (pseudonym of Louis Marie-Julien Viaud; 14 January 1850 – 10 June 1923) was a French naval officer and novelist, known for his exotic novels and short stories.

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Pincer movement

The pincer movement, or double envelopment, is a military maneuver in which forces simultaneously attack both flanks (sides) of an enemy formation.

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Population history of China

The population history of China covers the long-term pattern of population growth in China and its impact on the history of China.

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Primorsky Krai

Primorsky Krai (lit), informally known as Primorye (Приморье), is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia, part of the Far Eastern Federal District in the Russian Far East.

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Prince Su

Prince Su of the First Rank (Manchu:; hošoi fafungga cin wang), or simply Prince Su, was the title of a princely peerage of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty of China (1644–1912).

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Princess Der Ling

Lizzie Yu Der Ling (p; 8 June 188122 November 1944), better known as "Princess" Der Ling, and also known as Elisabeth Antoinette White after her marriage to Thaddeus C. White, was a Han bannerwoman, the daughter of and Louisa Pierson, the half-Chinese daughter of a Boston merchant working in Shanghai.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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PublicAffairs

PublicAffairs (or PublicAffairs Books) is a book publishing company located in New York City and has been a part of the Hachette Book Group since 2016.

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Qing dynasty

The Qing dynasty, officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last imperial dynasty in Chinese history.

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Qingdao

Qingdao is a prefecture-level city in eastern Shandong Province of China.

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R. G. Tiedemann

Rolf Gerhard Tiedemann (8 February 1941 – 1 August 2019), better known as R. G. Tiedemann or Gary Tiedemann (t), was a German historian of Christianity in China.

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Rabindranath Tagore

Rabindranath Tagore (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was an Indian poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer, and painter of the Bengal Renaissance.

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Red Guards

The Red Guards were a mass, student-led, paramilitary social movement mobilized by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1966 until their abolishment in 1968, during the first phase of the Cultural Revolution, which he had instituted.

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Republic of China (1912–1949)

The Republic of China (ROC), or simply China, as a sovereign state was based on mainland China from 1912 to 1949, when the government retreated to Taiwan, where it continues to be based.

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Robert Bickers

Robert A. Bickers (born 1964) is a British historian of modern China and colonialism.

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Roger Keyes, 1st Baron Keyes

Admiral of the Fleet Roger John Brownlow Keyes, 1st Baron Keyes, (4 October 1872 – 26 December 1945) was a British naval officer. As a junior officer he served in a corvette operating from Zanzibar on slavery suppression missions. Early in the Boxer Rebellion, he led a mission to capture a flotilla of four Chinese destroyers moored to a wharf on the Peiho River.

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Ronglu

Ronglu (6 April 1836 – 11 April 1903), courtesy name Zhonghua, was a Manchu political and military leader of the late Qing dynasty.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Russian invasion of Manchuria

The Russian invasion of Manchuria occurred in the aftermath of the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895) when concerns regarding Qing China's defeat by the Empire of Japan, and Japan's brief occupation of Liaodong, caused the Russian Empire to speed up their long held designs for imperial expansion across Eurasia. Boxer Rebellion and Russian invasion of Manchuria are 1900 in China and wars involving the Russian Empire.

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Russo-Japanese War

The Russo-Japanese War was fought between the Japanese Empire and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. Boxer Rebellion and Russo-Japanese War are wars involving Japan and wars involving the Russian Empire.

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Scramble for China

The Scramble for China, also known as the Partition of China or the Scramble for Concessions, was a concept that existed during the late 1890s in Europe and the United States for the partitioning of China under the Qing dynasty as their own spheres of influence, during the era of "New Imperialism".

See Boxer Rebellion and Scramble for China

Second Opium War

The Second Opium War, also known as the Second Anglo-Chinese War, the Second China War, the Arrow War, or the Anglo-French expedition to China, was a colonial war lasting from 1856 to 1860, which pitted United Kingdom, France, and the United States against the Qing dynasty of China. Boxer Rebellion and Second Opium War are Eight Banners, wars involving France, wars involving the United Kingdom and wars involving the United States.

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Seymour Expedition

The Seymour Expedition was an attempt by a multinational military force to march to Beijing and relieve the Siege of the Legations and foreign nationals from attacks by Qing China's government troops and the Boxers in 1900. Boxer Rebellion and Seymour Expedition are 1900 in China, anti-imperialism in Asia and United States Marine Corps in the 20th century.

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Shaanxi

Shaanxi is an inland province in Northwestern China.

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Shandong

Shandong is a coastal province in East China.

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Shanxi

Shanxi is an inland province of China and is part of the North China region.

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Shaw Brothers Studio

Shaw Brothers (HK) Limited was the largest film production company in Hong Kong, operating from 1925 to 2011.

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Siege of the International Legations

The siege of the International Legations was a pivotal event during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, in which foreign diplomatic compounds in Peking (now Beijing) were besieged by Chinese Boxers and Qing Dynasty troops. Boxer Rebellion and siege of the International Legations are attacks on diplomatic missions in China and United States Marine Corps in the 20th century.

See Boxer Rebellion and Siege of the International Legations

Sixty-Four Villages East of the River

The Sixty-Four Villages East of the River were a group of Manchu, Daur and Han-inhabited villages located on the left (north) bank of the Amur River (Heilong Jiang) opposite of Heihe, and on the east bank of Zeya River opposite of Blagoveshchensk.

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Smedley Butler

Major General Smedley Darlington Butler (July 30, 1881June 21, 1940), nicknamed the Maverick Marine, was a senior United States Marine Corps officer.

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Society of the Divine Word

The Society of the Divine Word (Societas Verbi Divini), abbreviated SVD and popularly called the Verbites or the Divine Word Missionaries, and sometimes the Steyler Missionaries, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men.

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Song Qing (Qing dynasty)

Song Qing (1820–1902), courtesy name Zhusan, was a Chinese general who served the Imperial government during the First Sino-Japanese War and in the Boxer Rebellion.

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Spanish–American War

The Spanish–American War (April 21 – December 10, 1898) began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. Boxer Rebellion and Spanish–American War are United States Marine Corps in the 18th and 19th centuries and wars involving the United States.

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Sphere of influence

In the field of international relations, a sphere of influence is a spatial region or concept division over which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military, or political exclusivity.

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St. Martin's Press

St.

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Stanisław Wyspiański

Stanisław Mateusz Ignacy Wyspiański (15 January 1869 – 28 November 1907) was a Polish playwright, painter and poet, as well as interior and furniture designer.

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Summary execution

In civil and military jurisprudence, summary execution is the putting to death of a person accused of a crime without the benefit of a free and fair trial.

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Sun Yat-sen

Sun Yat-sen (12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925),Singtao daily.

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Sun Yat-sen University

Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) is a public research university in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

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Syracuse University Press

Syracuse University Press, founded in 1943, is a university press that is part of Syracuse University.

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Tael

Tael, at the OED Online.

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Taiping Rebellion

The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a civil war in China between the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Hakka-led Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Boxer Rebellion and Taiping Rebellion are Eight Banners, Rebellions in the Qing dynasty, wars involving France and wars involving the United Kingdom.

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Taiyuan

Taiyuan is the capital and largest city of Shanxi Province, China.

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Taiyuan massacre

The Taiyuan massacre took place during the Boxer Rebellion, July 9, 1900, in Taiyuan, Shanxi province, North China. Boxer Rebellion and Taiyuan massacre are 1900 in China.

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Taku Forts

The Taku Forts or Dagu Forts, also called the Peiho Forts are forts located by the Hai River (Peiho River) estuary in the Binhai New Area, Tianjin, in northeastern China.

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Tax revenue

Tax revenue is the income that is collected by governments through taxation.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Imperial Presidency

The Imperial Presidency is a nonfiction book by historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. It was published in 1973 by Houghton Mifflin and reissued in 2004.

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The Last Empress (novel)

The Last Empress is a historical novel by Anchee Min that provides a sympathetic account of the life of Empress Dowager Cixi (referred to as Empress Orchid), from her rise to power as Empress Tzu-Hsi, until her death at 72 years of age.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London.

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The Travels of Lao Can

The Travels of Lao Can is a novel by Liu E (1857-1909), written between 1903 and 1904 and published in 1907 to wide acclaim.

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The Wedding (1901 play)

The Wedding (Wesele) is a leading Polish drama written in 1901 by the modernist Young Poland playwright, painter, and poet Stanisław Wyspiański.

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Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or T.R., was an American politician, soldier, conservationist, historian, naturalist, explorer and writer who served as the 26th president of the United States from 1901 to 1909.

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Tian

Tian (天) is one of the oldest Chinese terms for heaven and a key concept in Chinese mythology, philosophy, and religion.

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Tianjin

Tianjin is a municipality and metropolis in Northern China on the shore of the Bohai Sea.

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Tom Woods

Thomas Ernest Woods Jr. (born August 1, 1972) is an American author, podcast host, and libertarian commentator who is currently a senior fellow at the Mises Institute.

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Tongmenghui

The Tongmenghui of China was a secret society and underground resistance movement founded by Sun Yat-sen, Song Jiaoren, and others in Tokyo, Empire of Japan, on 20 August 1905, with the goal of overthrowing China's Qing dynasty.

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Tongzhou, Beijing

Tongzhou is a district of Beijing.

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Touch hole

A touch hole, also known as a cannon vent, is a small hole at the rear (breech) portion of the barrel of a muzzleloading gun or cannon.

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Treaty of Aigun

The Treaty of Aigun was an 1858 treaty between the Russian Empire and Yishan, official of the Qing dynasty of China.

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Treaty of Nerchinsk

The Treaty of Nerchinsk of 1689 was the first treaty between the Tsardom of Russia and the Qing dynasty of China.

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Treaty of Tientsin

The Treaty of Tientsin, also known as the Treaty of Tianjin, is a collective name for several unequal treaties signed at Tianjin (then romanized as Tientsin) in June 1858.

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Treaty ports

Treaty ports (条約港) were the port cities in China and Japan that were opened to foreign trade mainly by the unequal treaties forced upon them by Western powers, as well as cities in Korea opened up similarly by the Qing dynasty of China (before the First Sino-Japanese War) and the Empire of Japan.

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Triple Intervention

The Tripartite Intervention or was a diplomatic intervention by Russia, Germany, and France on 23 April 1895 over the harsh terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki imposed by Japan on China that ended the First Sino-Japanese War.

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Tsinghua University

Tsinghua University is a public university in Haidian, Beijing.

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United Kingdom–United States relations

Relations between the United Kingdom and the United States have ranged from military opponents to close allies since 1776.

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United States Marine Corps

The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combined arms, implementing its own infantry, artillery, aerial, and special operations forces.

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University of Oklahoma Press

The University of Oklahoma Press (OU Press) is the publishing arm of the University of Oklahoma.

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Victor Purcell

Victor William Williams Saunders Purcell CMG (26 January 1896 – 2 January 1965) was a British colonial public servant, historian, poet, and Sinologist in Malaya (now Malaysia).

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Vincenzo Garioni

Vincenzo Garioni (19 November 1856 – 24 April 1929) was an Italian general who saw combat in the Boxer Rebellion, Italo-Turkish War, and World War I. He was the governor of Tripolitania from 1913 to 1914 and later served as the governor of both Tripolitania and Cyrenaica from 1918 to 1919.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Walter LaFeber

Walter Fredrick LaFeber (August 30, 1933March 9, 2021) was an American academic who served as the Andrew H. and James S. Tisch Distinguished University Professor in the Department of History at Cornell University.

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Wang Yi (politician)

Wang Yi (Chinese: 王毅; born 19 October 1953) is a Chinese diplomat and politician who has been serving as Director of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee Foreign Affairs Commission Office since January 2023, and as Minister of Foreign Affairs of China since July 2023 (previously from 2013 to 2022).

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War Powers Clause

Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 of the U.S. Constitution, sometimes referred to as the War Powers Clause, vests in the Congress the power to declare war, in the following wording: To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water...

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War reparations

War reparations are compensation payments made after a war by one side to the other.

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Weihaiwei Regiment

The 1st Chinese Regiment (also known as the Weihaiwei Regiment) was a British Colonial Auxiliary Forces regiment raised in British Weihaiwei.

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Western culture

Western culture, also known as Western civilization, European civilization, Occidental culture, or Western society, includes the diverse heritages of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems, artifacts and technologies of the Western world.

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William Alexander Parsons Martin

William Alexander Parsons Martin (April 10, 1827 – December 18, 1916), also known as Dīng WěiliángLydia H. Liu, The Clash of Empires: The invention of China in modern world making, Harvard University Press, 2004, pp.

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William McKinley

William McKinley (January 29, 1843September 14, 1901) was an American politician who served as the 25th president of the United States from 1897 until his assassination in 1901.

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William Scott Ament

William Scott Ament (Chinese Names: 梅子明 and 梅威良 Mei Wei Liang; 14 September 1851 – 6 January 1909 in San Francisco) was a missionary to China for the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) from 1877, and was known as the "Father of Christian Endeavor in China."Porter, 353.

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Witness

In law, a witness is someone who, either voluntarily or under compulsion, provides testimonial evidence, either oral or written, of what they know or claim to know.

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World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Boxer Rebellion and World War I are wars involving France, wars involving Germany, wars involving Italy, wars involving Japan, wars involving the Habsburg monarchy, wars involving the Russian Empire, wars involving the United Kingdom and wars involving the United States.

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World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. Boxer Rebellion and World War II are wars involving France, wars involving Germany, wars involving Italy, wars involving Japan, wars involving the United Kingdom and wars involving the United States.

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Xinjiang

Xinjiang, officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest of the country at the crossroads of Central Asia and East Asia.

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Xu Jingcheng

Xu Jingcheng (1845 – 28 July 1900) was a Chinese diplomat and Qing politician supportive of the Hundred Days' Reform.

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Xu Yingkui

First-rank court official Xu Yingkui (1830–1903), courtesy names Jun'an (筠庵) and Changde (昌德), was a 19th-century Qing dynasty politician who served as Viceroy of Min-Zhe, Governor of Fuzhou and General of Fujian from 1898 to 1903.

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Yamaguchi Motomi

was a Japanese Samurai and an Imperial Japanese Army general who participated in the First Sino-Japanese War and the Boxer Rebellion.

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Yangtze

Yangtze or Yangzi is the longest river in Eurasia, the third-longest in the world.

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Yellow Peril

The Yellow Peril (also the Yellow Terror, the Yellow Menace, and the Yellow Specter) is a racist color metaphor that depicts the peoples of East and Southeast Asia as an existential danger to the Western world.

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Yellow River

The Yellow River is the second-longest river in China, after the Yangtze; with an estimated length of it is the sixth-longest river system on Earth.

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Yellow Sea

The Yellow Sea, also known as North Sea, is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.

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Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev

Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev or Alexeyev (Евге́ний Ива́нович Алексе́ев; b. – d. May 27, 1917) was a Russian admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, viceroy of the Russian Far East, and commander-in-chief of Imperial Russian forces at Port Arthur and in Manchuria during the first year of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05.

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Yikuang

Yikuang (Manchu: I-kuwang; 16 November 1838 – 28 January 1917), formally known as Prince Qing (or Prince Ch'ing), was a Manchu noble and politician of the Qing dynasty.

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Yongdingmen

Yongdingmen, was the former front gate of the outer city of Beijing's old city wall.

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Yuan Shikai

Yuan Shikai (16 September 18596 June 1916) was a Chinese general and statesman who served as Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet, the second provisional president of the Republic of China, head of the Beiyang government from 1912 to 1916 and Emperor of China from 1915 to 1916.

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Yuan Weishi

Yuan Weishi (born December 15, 1931) is a Chinese historian and philosopher.

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Yulu (viceroy)

Yulu (ᡞᠣᡞᠯᡠ, 1844-1900), of the Hitara clan with the courtesy names Shoushan (壽山) and Zifu (子茀), was a native of the Manchu Plain Blue Banner and son of Chonglun, the governor of Hubei.

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Yunnan

Yunnan is an inland province in Southwestern China.

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Yuxian (Qing dynasty)

Yuxian (1842–1901) was a Manchu high official of the Qing dynasty who played an important role in the violent anti-foreign and anti-Christian Boxer Rebellion, which unfolded in northern China from the fall of 1899 to 1901.

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Zaixun, Prince Zhuang

Zaixun (24 January 1853 – 21 February 1901), formally known as Prince Zhuang, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty.

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Zaiyi

Zaiyi (Manchu:; dzai-i; 26 August 1856 – 10 January 1923),Edward J.M. Rhoads, Manchus & Han: Ethnic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861–1928, University of Washington Press, 2001 better known by his title Prince Duan (or Prince Tuan), was a Manchu prince and statesman of the late Qing dynasty.

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Zhang Decheng

Zhang Decheng or Chang De-Cheng (1846 – late-July 1900) was a Chinese nationalist and leader of the Fists of Harmony and Justice during the Boxer Uprising.

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Zhang Zhidong

Zhang Zhidong (2 September 18374 October 1909) was a Chinese politician who lived during the late Qing dynasty.

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Zhejiang

Zhejiang is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China.

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Zhili

Zhili, alternately romanized as Chihli, was a northern administrative region of China since the 14th-century that lasted through the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty until 1911, when the region was dissolved, converted to a province, and renamed Hebei in 1928.

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14th Infantry Regiment (United States)

The 14th Infantry Regiment ("Golden Dragons") is a United States Army light infantry regiment.

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1900 Amur anti-Chinese pogroms

The 1900 Amur anti-Chinese pogroms (t) were a series of ethnic killings (pogroms) and reprisals undertaken by the Russian Empire against subjects of the Qing dynasty of various ethnicities, including Manchu, Daur, and Han peoples.

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1911 Revolution

The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China. Boxer Rebellion and 1911 Revolution are Chinese nationalism and Eight Banners.

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55 Days at Peking

55 Days at Peking is a 1963 American epic historical war film dramatizing the siege of the foreign legations' compounds in Beijing (then still Peking, in English) during the Boxer Uprising, which took place in China in the summer of 1900.

See Boxer Rebellion and 55 Days at Peking

See also

1899 in China

• 1899 in China
• Battle of Senluo Temple
• Boxer Rebellion
• Mutual Defense Pact of the Southeastern Provinces

1899 in Christianity

• Annum sacrum
• Articles of Faith (Talmage book)
• Boxer Rebellion
• General Handbook
• Testem benevolentiae nostrae
• The Parson's Handbook
• Yattendon Hymnal

1900 in China

• 1900 in China
• Battle of Beicang
• Battle of Beitang
• Battle of Langfang
• Battle of Peking (1900)
• Battle of Tientsin
• Battle of Yangcun
• Battle of the Taku Forts (1900)
• Boxer Rebellion
• China Martyrs of 1900
• Gaselee Expedition
• Imperial decree of declaration of war against foreign powers
• List of 1900–1930 publications on the Boxer Rebellion
• Military Order of the Dragon
• Mutual Defense Pact of the Southeastern Provinces
• Russian invasion of Manchuria
• Seymour Expedition
• Taiyuan massacre

1900 in Christianity

• Boxer Rebellion
• Hiram Bingham High School
• Our Lady of China
• Stephen Whitmee High School

1901 in China

• 1901 in China
• Boxer Indemnities
• Boxer Protocol
• Boxer Rebellion
• Mutual Defense Pact of the Southeastern Provinces
• Twain–Ament indemnities controversy

1901 in Christianity

• American Standard Version
• Basis of Union (Presbyterian Church of Australia)
• Boxer Rebellion
• Church of the Assumption, Slavsko
• Graves de communi re
• The Cowley Carol Book

Anti-Christian sentiment in China

• Ad Apostolorum principis
• Anti-Christian Movement
• Anti-missionary riots in China
• Antireligious campaigns in China
• Batang uprising
• Boxer Rebellion
• Chinese cults
• Cultural Revolution
• Gelaohui
• Heterodox teachings (Chinese law)
• Jiaqing Emperor
• Juye Incident
• Persecution of Falun Gong
• Pope Pius XII and China
• Qianlong Emperor
• Robert Morrison (missionary)
• Thaddeus Ma Daqin
• Xiagang Church

Anti-imperialism in Asia

• Abinash Chandra Bhattacharya
• Alawite revolt of 1919
• Anti-imperialism solidarity day
• Asian values
• Battle of Langfang
• Boxer Rebellion
• Boxer movement
• Communist League (Japan)
• De-Sinicization
• European Radicals in Sri Lanka
• Gandhism
• Great Syrian Revolt
• Guominjun
• Hamas
• Hananu Revolt
• Hantenren
• Hare Krishna Konar
• Japan Socialist Youth League, Liberation Faction
• Japanese Communist Party
• Kuva-yi Seyyare
• Leody de Guzman
• Osama bin Laden
• Pan-Green Coalition
• Reorganization Group
• Revolutionary Communist League, National Committee
• Seymour Expedition
• Socialist Struggle Movement
• Solidarity Party of Afghanistan
• Su Beng
• Taiwan independence Left
• Taiwan independence movement
• Taiwanese nationalism
• The Christian Manifesto
• Virendranath Chattopadhyaya

Attacks on diplomatic missions in China

• Boxer Rebellion
• Nanking incident of 1927
• Siege of the International Legations

Battles involving the princely states of India

• Boxer Rebellion
• Chitral Expedition
• Hunza–Nagar Campaign
• Somaliland campaign

Chinese Taoists

• Bao Jingyan
• Boxer Rebellion
• Chan Kam Lee
• Cheng Xuanying
• Chow Lien-hwa
• Deng Ming-Dao
• Derek Lin
• Empress Dowager Fu (Later Zhou)
• Fu Zhensong
• Heshang Gong
• Jack Ma
• Li Ching-Yuen
• Li Quan (Taoist)
• Li Ziming
• Liang Zhenpu
• List of Celestial Masters
• Lu Shizhong
• Moy Lin-shin
• Quincy Tan
• Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
• Taoist immortals
• Wang Yuanlu
• Yang Sen
• Yang Xi (mystic)

Conflicts involving the German Empire

• Abushiri revolt
• Adamawa Wars
• Bafut Wars
• Battle of Waterberg
• Boxer Rebellion
• Carolines Question
• Central Powers intervention in the Russian Civil War
• German Revolution of 1918–1919
• Herero Wars
• Maji Maji Rebellion
• Samoan Civil War
• Samoan crisis
• Second Samoan Civil War
• Sokehs rebellion
• Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903

Eight Banners

• 1911 Revolution
• Anti-Qing sentiment
• Bannermen
• Battle of Hutong (1654)
• Battle of Hutong (1658)
• Battle of Jao Modo
• Battle of Maymyo
• Battle of Nanjing (1853)
• Biru clan
• Bordered Blue Banner
• Bordered Red Banner
• Bordered White Banner
• Bordered Yellow Banner
• Boxer Rebellion
• Dibao
• Eight Banners
• Ejen
• Firearm Battalion
• First Opium War
• Flag of the Qing dynasty
• Han Chinese Eight Banners
• Hushenying
• Imperial Guards (Qing dynasty)
• Imperial Household Department
• Imperial hunt of the Qing dynasty
• Manchuria under Qing rule
• Military of the Qing dynasty
• Oros Niru
• Peking Field Force
• Plain Blue Banner
• Plain Red Banner
• Plain White Banner
• Plain Yellow Banner
• Qing invasion of Joseon
• Residence of the General
• Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
• Revolt of the Three Feudatories
• Second Opium War
• Sino-Burmese War
• Sino-Russian border conflicts
• Taiping Rebellion
• Ten Great Campaigns
• Transition from Ming to Qing
• White Lotus Rebellion
• Xinjiang under Qing rule

History of the Royal Marines

• 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands
• 2011 Helmand Province killing
• 63rd (Royal Naval) Division
• Aden Emergency
• Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
• Allied occupation of Iceland
• Battle of Bunker Hill
• Battle of Two Sisters
• Boxer Rebellion
• Brunei revolt
• Deal barracks bombing
• Deception Island incident
• Fergal Caraher
• First Opium War
• Gallipoli campaign
• History of the Royal Marines
• Honourable Artillery Company
• Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
• International Squadron (Cretan intervention, 1897–1898)
• Invasion of Iceland
• Invasion of South Georgia
• Malayan Emergency
• North Russia intervention
• Operation Claret
• Operation Frankton
• Operation Infatuate
• Outline of the British Royal Navy at the end of the Cold War
• Raid on Limbang
• Selborne-Fisher scheme
• Siege of Antwerp (1914)
• Skirmish at Top Malo House
• War of the Spanish Succession
• William Loftus (British Army officer)
• Zeebrugge Raid

Rebellions in the Qing dynasty

• Batang uprising
• Boxer Rebellion
• Dungan Revolt (1862–1877)
• Dungan Revolt (1895–1896)
• Eight Trigrams uprising of 1813
• Heavenly Kingdom of the Great Mingshun
• Jahriyya revolt
• Jindandao incident
• Jintian Uprising
• Lhasa riot of 1750
• Lin Shuangwen rebellion
• Miao Rebellion (1735–1736)
• Miao Rebellion (1795–1806)
• Miao Rebellion (1854–1873)
• Miao rebellions
• Mongolian Revolution of 1911
• Nian Rebellion
• Panthay Rebellion
• Red Boat Opera Company
• Red Turban Rebellion (1854–1856)
• Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
• Revolt of the Three Feudatories
• Small Swords Society
• Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
• Taiping Rebellion
• Ten Great Campaigns
• Third Battle of Nanjing
• Timeline of late anti-Qing rebellions
• White Lotus Rebellion
• Xinhai Lhasa turmoil

Shamanism

• Astral projection
• Astral spirit
• Axis mundi
• Black shamanism
• Boxer Rebellion
• Breaking Open the Head
• Buta Kola
• Entheogen
• Entheogens
• Eurasian shamanism
• Fugara
• Ghost Dance
• Guañameñe
• History of entheogenic drugs
• Imitation of sounds in shamanism
• Josang
• Juha Pentikäinen
• Keśin
• Kurdaitcha
• Maibi Jagoi
• Mircea Eliade
• Music of Northeast China
• Native American Church
• Neoshamanism
• Regional forms of shamanism
• Sanamahism
• Sanni Yakuma
• Shaman's Drum
• Shamanic music
• Shamanism
• Shamanism among Alaska Natives
• Shamanism in Pakistan
• Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy
• Shamans
• Slavic shamanism
• Soul dualism
• Soul flight
• Soul loss
• Spirit spouse
• The Archaeology of Shamanism
• Witch doctor
• Yellow shamanism
• Zenran

Wars involving Germany

• Abushiri revolt
• Adamawa Wars
• Anglo-Iraqi War
• Bafut Wars
• Boxer Rebellion
• Cod Wars
• Continuation War
• Cretan Revolt (1897–1898)
• Estonian War of Independence
• Ethiopian Civil War
• Finnish Civil War
• First Samoan Civil War
• Franco-Prussian War
• German Revolution of 1918–1919
• German revolution of 1918–1919
• German revolutions of 1848–1849
• Germany in World War II
• Gulf War
• Herero Wars
• Herero and Nama genocide
• History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
• Kosovo War
• Lapland War
• Latvian War of Independence
• List of German–Swedish wars
• List of armed conflicts involving Poland against Germany
• List of wars involving Germany
• Lithuanian–Soviet War
• Maji Maji Rebellion
• Mali War
• Napoleonic Wars
• Nauruan Civil War
• Samoan Civil War
• Second Samoan Civil War
• Sokehs rebellion
• Spanish Civil War
• Sudeten German uprising
• Ukrainian War of Independence
• War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
• War on terror
• World War I
• World War II
• Yugoslav Wars

Wars involving Italy

• Anglo-Iraqi War
• Austro-Prussian War
• Bloody Christmas (1920)
• Boxer Rebellion
• Crimean War
• French Revolutionary Wars
• Greco-Italian War
• Gulf War
• Iraq War
• Italian Wars
• Italian guerrilla war in Ethiopia
• Italian invasion of Albania
• Italian invasion of Kosovo
• Italo-Turkish War
• Italy in World War I
• Italy in World War II
• Kosovo War
• List of wars involving Italy
• Mahdist War
• Napoleonic Wars
• Province of Fiume
• Russian Civil War
• Second Italo-Senussi War
• Spanish Civil War
• Turkish War of Independence
• Vlora War
• War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
• War of the Austrian Succession
• War of the First Coalition
• War of the Mantuan Succession
• War on terror
• Wars of Castro
• Wars of Italian unification
• World War I
• World War II
• Yugoslav Wars

Wars involving Japan

• Battle of Ōshū
• Bibliography of the Russo-Japanese War
• Boshin War
• Boxer Rebellion
• First Chōshū expedition
• First Sino-Japanese War
• Former Nine Years' War
• Genkō War
• Genpei War
• Goguryeo–Wa War
• Gosannen War
• Indonesian National Revolution
• Invasion of Ryukyu
• Iraq War
• Japan during World War I
• Japan during World War II
• Japan in World War I
• Japan in World War II
• Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1616)
• Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)
• Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895)
• Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)
• Jinshin War
• Jōkyū War
• Kannō disturbance
• Kublai Khan's campaigns
• Kyōtoku incident
• List of high-ranking commanders of the Indonesian National Revolution
• List of wars involving Japan
• Mongol invasions of Japan
• Mongolia in World War II
• Mudan incident
• Russo-Japanese War
• Second Chōshū expedition
• Second Sino-Japanese War
• Sekigahara Campaign
• Sino-Japanese Wars
• Soviet–Japanese War
• Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
• Toi invasion
• War in Vietnam (1945–1946)
• World War I
• World War II
• Yūki War
• Ōei Invasion
• Ōnin War

Wars involving the Habsburg monarchy

• Austro-Polish War
• Austro-Prussian War
• Boxer Rebellion
• Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841)
• Eighty Years' War
• Eighty Years' War, 1576–1579
• Eighty Years' War, 1579–1588
• Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609
• Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648
• First Italian War of Independence
• French Revolutionary Wars
• Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568)
• Kettle War
• Long Turkish War
• Napoleonic Wars
• Neapolitan War
• Ottoman–Habsburg War (1551–1562)
• Ottoman–Habsburg wars
• Ottoman-Habsburg War (1529–1533)
• Ottoman-Habsburg War (1540–1547)
• Rákóczi's War of Independence
• Second Northern War
• Seven Years' War
• Silesian Wars
• Thirty Years' War
• Tyrolean Rebellion
• Wallachian uprising of 1821
• War of the Austrian Succession
• War of the Bavarian Succession
• War of the First Coalition
• War of the Mantuan Succession
• War of the Polish Succession
• War of the Quadruple Alliance
• War of the Spanish Succession
• Wars of Italian unification
• World War I

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion

Also known as Beiqing Incident, Beiqing Insident, Boxer Insurrection, Boxer Movement, Boxer Rebellion of 1900, Boxer Rebels, Boxer Rising, Boxer Uprising, Boxer War, Boxer revolt, Boxer revolution, Boxer troubles, Causes of the Boxer Rebellion, Eight-Nation Alliance occupation of northern China, Fist of Righteous Harmony, Fists Of Righteous Harmony, Fists of Patriotic Union, Fists of Righteous Harmony Test, I Ho Ch'Uan, I Ho Chuan, I ho t'uan yun tung, I ho t`uan yun tung, I-Ho Ch'Uan, I-ho-ch'uan, I-ho-chuan, I-ho-tuan, Righteous & Harmonious Fists, Righteous Fists, Righteous Fists of Harmony, Righteous Harmonious Fists, Righteous Harmony Fists, Righteous Harmony Society Movement, Russo-Chinese War, The Boxer Rebellion, The Boxer Uprising, The Righteous Harmony Society, The Righteous Harmony Society Movement, The Society of Right and Harmonious Fists, The Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, Ther Boxer War, War of righteous and harmonious fists, Yi Ho Tuan movement, Yihetuan Movement, Yìhétuán, .

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