Table of Contents
226 relations: Afghanistan, Agra, Alauddin Khalji, Aligarh, Amir Khusrau, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andaman Creole Hindi, Anglo-Burmese people, Anglo-Indian people, Apabhraṃśa, Arabic, Arabic typography, Arabization, Awadhi language, Babur, Bangladesh, Bazaar, Bengal, Bengali–Assamese script, Bhakti, Bhojpuri language, Bihar, Bihari Hindi, Bihari languages, Bombay Hindi, Brahmic scripts, Braj Bhasha, Brill Publishers, British Raj, British rule in Burma, Cambridge University Press, Caribbean Hindustani, Central Asia, Central Hindi Directorate, Central Indo-Aryan languages, Chagatai language, Chhattisgarh, Chicago, Columbia University, Constitution of India, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Dari, Deccan Plateau, Deccan sultanates, Deccani language, Delhi, Delhi Sultanate, Demographics of Afghanistan, Devanagari, Devanagari Braille, ... Expand index (176 more) »
- Languages attested from the 13th century
- Lingua francas
Afghanistan
Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia.
See Hindustani language and Afghanistan
Agra
Agra is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow.
See Hindustani language and Agra
Alauddin Khalji
Alauddin Khalji (علاء الدین خلجی), born Ali Gurshasp, was a ruler from the Khalji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate in the Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and Alauddin Khalji
Aligarh
Aligarh (formerly known as Koil) is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.
See Hindustani language and Aligarh
Amir Khusrau
Abu'l Hasan Yamīn ud-Dīn Khusrau (1253 – 1325 AD), better known as Amīr Khusrau, was an Indo-Persian Sufi singer, musician, poet and scholar who lived during the period of the Delhi Sultanate.
See Hindustani language and Amir Khusrau
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a union territory of India.
See Hindustani language and Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Andaman Creole Hindi
Andaman Creole Hindi is a trade language of the Andaman Islands, spoken as a native language especially in Port Blair and villages to the south.
See Hindustani language and Andaman Creole Hindi
Anglo-Burmese people
The Anglo-Burmese people, also known as the Anglo-Burmans, are a community of Eurasians of Burmese and European descent, who emerged as a distinct community through mixed relationships (sometimes permanent, sometimes temporary) between the British and other Europeans and Burmese people from 1826 until 1948 when Myanmar gained its independence from the British Empire.
See Hindustani language and Anglo-Burmese people
Anglo-Indian people
Anglo-Indian people are a distinct minority community of mixed-race Eurasian ancestry with British paternal and Indian maternal heritage, whose first language is ordinarily English.
See Hindustani language and Anglo-Indian people
Apabhraṃśa
Apabhraṃśa (अपभ्रंश,, Prakrit) is a term used by vaiyākaraṇāḥ (native grammarians) since Patañjali to refer to languages spoken in North India before the rise of the modern languages. Hindustani language and Apabhraṃśa are indo-Aryan languages and languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Apabhraṃśa
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. Hindustani language and Arabic are lingua francas.
See Hindustani language and Arabic
Arabic typography
Arabic typography is the typography of letters, graphemes, characters or text in Arabic script, for example for writing Arabic, Persian, Shahmukhi or Urdu.
See Hindustani language and Arabic typography
Arabization
Arabization or Arabicization (translit) is a sociological process of cultural change in which a non-Arab society becomes Arab, meaning it either directly adopts or becomes strongly influenced by the Arabic language, culture, literature, art, music, and ethnic identity as well as other socio-cultural factors.
See Hindustani language and Arabization
Awadhi language
Awadhi, also known as Audhi, is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh in northern India and in Terai region of western Nepal. Hindustani language and Awadhi language are languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Awadhi language
Babur
Babur (14 February 148326 December 1530; born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and Babur
Bangladesh
Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia.
See Hindustani language and Bangladesh
Bazaar
A bazaar or souk is a marketplace consisting of multiple small stalls or shops, especially in the Middle East, the Balkans, North Africa and South Asia.
See Hindustani language and Bazaar
Bengal
Geographical distribution of the Bengali language Bengal (Bôṅgo) or endonym Bangla (Bāṅlā) is a historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.
See Hindustani language and Bengal
Bengali–Assamese script
The Bengali–Assamese script, sometimes also known as Eastern Nagari, is an eastern Brahmic script, primarily used today for the Bengali and Assamese language spoken in eastern South Asia.
See Hindustani language and Bengali–Assamese script
Bhakti
Bhakti (भक्ति; Pali: bhatti) is a term common in Indian religions which means attachment, fondness for, devotion to, trust, homage, worship, piety, faith, or love.
See Hindustani language and Bhakti
Bhojpuri language
Bhojpuri (IPA:; Devanagari:, Kaithi) is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Bhojpur-Purvanchal region of India and the Terai region of Nepal and. Hindustani language and Bhojpuri language are languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Bhojpuri language
Bihar
Bihar is a state in Eastern India.
See Hindustani language and Bihar
Bihari Hindi
Bihari Hindi is a variety of Hindustani, spoken in Bihar, particularly in the urban areas of Bihar.
See Hindustani language and Bihari Hindi
Bihari languages
Bihari languages are a group of the Indo-Aryan languages.
See Hindustani language and Bihari languages
Bombay Hindi
Bombay Hindi, also known as Bambaiya Hindi or Mumbaiya Hindi, is the Hindustani dialect spoken in Mumbai, in the Konkan region of India.
See Hindustani language and Bombay Hindi
Brahmic scripts
The Brahmic scripts, also known as Indic scripts, are a family of abugida writing systems.
See Hindustani language and Brahmic scripts
Braj Bhasha
Braj is a language within the Indo-Aryan language family spoken in the Braj region centered on Mathura.
See Hindustani language and Braj Bhasha
Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.
See Hindustani language and Brill Publishers
British Raj
The British Raj (from Hindustani, 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent,.
See Hindustani language and British Raj
British rule in Burma
The British colonial rule in Burma lasted from 1824 to 1948, from the successive three Anglo-Burmese wars through the creation of Burma as a province of British India to the establishment of an independently administered colony, and finally independence.
See Hindustani language and British rule in Burma
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Hindustani language and Cambridge University Press
Caribbean Hindustani
Caribbean Hindustani (कैरेबियाई हिंदुस्तानी; Kaithi: 𑂍𑂶𑂩𑂵𑂥𑂱𑂨𑂰𑂆⸱𑂯𑂱𑂁𑂠𑂳𑂮𑂹𑂞𑂰𑂢𑂲; Perso-Arabic) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by Indo-Caribbeans and the Indo-Caribbean diaspora. Hindustani language and Caribbean Hindustani are languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Caribbean Hindustani
Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
See Hindustani language and Central Asia
Central Hindi Directorate
The Central Hindi Directorate (translit-std), New Delhi is the directorate, under the Ministry of Education (India), responsible for promotion of Standard Hindi.
See Hindustani language and Central Hindi Directorate
Central Indo-Aryan languages
The Central Indo-Aryan languages or Hindi languages are a group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken across Northern and Central India. Hindustani language and Central Indo-Aryan languages are indo-Aryan languages.
See Hindustani language and Central Indo-Aryan languages
Chagatai language
Chagatai (چغتای, Čaġatāy), also known as Turki, Eastern Turkic, or Chagatai Turkic (Čaġatāy türkīsi), is an extinct Turkic language that was once widely spoken across Central Asia. Hindustani language and Chagatai language are lingua francas.
See Hindustani language and Chagatai language
Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh is a landlocked state in Central India.
See Hindustani language and Chhattisgarh
Chicago
Chicago is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States.
See Hindustani language and Chicago
Columbia University
Columbia University, officially Columbia University in the City of New York, is a private Ivy League research university in New York City.
See Hindustani language and Columbia University
Constitution of India
The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India.
See Hindustani language and Constitution of India
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Dadra and Nagar Haveli is a district of the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu in western India.
See Hindustani language and Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Dari
Dari (endonym: دری), Dari Persian (فارسی دری,, or), or Eastern Persian is the variety of the Persian language spoken in Afghanistan.
See Hindustani language and Dari
Deccan Plateau
The Deccan is a large plateau and region of the Indian subcontinent located between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats, and is loosely defined as the peninsular region between these ranges that is south of the Narmada River.
See Hindustani language and Deccan Plateau
Deccan sultanates
The Deccan sultanates is a historiographical term referring to five late medieval to early modern Indian kingdoms on the Deccan Plateau between the Krishna River and the Vindhya Range that were created from the disintegration of the Bahmani Sultanate and ruled by Muslim dynasties: namely Ahmadnagar, Berar, Bidar, Bijapur, and Golconda.
See Hindustani language and Deccan sultanates
Deccani language
Deccani (dakanī or, dakhanī; also known as Deccani Urdu or Deccani Hindi) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Deccan region of south-central India and the native language of the Deccani people. The historical form of Deccani sparked the development of Urdu literature during the late-Mughal period.
See Hindustani language and Deccani language
Delhi
Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi (ISO: Rāṣṭrīya Rājadhānī Kṣētra Dillī), is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India.
See Hindustani language and Delhi
Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate or the Sultanate of Delhi was a late medieval empire primarily based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, for 320 years (1206–1526).
See Hindustani language and Delhi Sultanate
Demographics of Afghanistan
The population of Afghanistan is around 41 million as of 2023.
See Hindustani language and Demographics of Afghanistan
Devanagari
Devanagari (देवनागरी) is an Indic script used in the northern Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and Devanagari
Devanagari Braille
Similar braille conventions are used for three languages of India and Nepal that in print are written in Devanagari script: Hindi, Marathi, and Nepali.
See Hindustani language and Devanagari Braille
Dhakaiya Urdu
Dhakaiya Urdu, sometimes unofficially and mythically concocted referred to as Sobbasi Language or Khosbasi Language, is a distinct Bengalinized dialect of Urdu that is native to Old Dhaka beside Dhakaiya Kutti a dialect of Bangla, in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
See Hindustani language and Dhakaiya Urdu
Dutch language
Dutch (Nederlands.) is a West Germanic language, spoken by about 25 million people as a first language and 5 million as a second language and is the third most spoken Germanic language.
See Hindustani language and Dutch language
Eastern Indo-Aryan languages
The Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, also known as Māgadhan languages, are spoken throughout the eastern region of the subcontinent (East India, Bangladesh, Assam), which includes Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Bengal region, Tripura, Assam, and Odisha; alongside other regions surrounding the northeastern Himalayan corridor. Hindustani language and eastern Indo-Aryan languages are indo-Aryan languages.
See Hindustani language and Eastern Indo-Aryan languages
Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India
The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India lists the languages officially recognized by the Government of India.
See Hindustani language and Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India
Encyclopaedia of Islam
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (EI) is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam.
See Hindustani language and Encyclopaedia of Islam
Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
See Hindustani language and Encyclopædia Britannica
English language
English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain. Hindustani language and English language are lingua francas.
See Hindustani language and English language
Englishisation
Englishisation refers to the introduction of English-language influences into other languages.
See Hindustani language and Englishisation
Ethnologue
Ethnologue: Languages of the World is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world.
See Hindustani language and Ethnologue
Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
See Hindustani language and Europe
Fiji Hindi
Fiji Hindi (Devanagari: फ़िजी हिंदी; Kaithi: 𑂣𑂺𑂱𑂔𑂲⸱𑂯𑂱𑂁𑂠𑂲; Perso-Arabic) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by Indo-Fijians. Hindustani language and Fiji Hindi are languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Fiji Hindi
First language
A first language (L1), native language, native tongue, or mother tongue is the first language a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.
See Hindustani language and First language
Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb
Ganga–Jamuni Tehzeeb (Hindustani for Ganges–Yamuna Culture), also spelled as Ganga-Jamni Tehzeeb or just Hindustani Tehzeeb, is the composite high culture of the central plains of northern India, especially the doab region of Ganges and Yamuna rivers, that is a syncretic fusion of Hindu cultural elements with Muslim cultural elements.
See Hindustani language and Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire.
See Hindustani language and Genghis Khan
George Abraham Grierson
Sir George Abraham Grierson (7 January 1851 – 9 March 1941) was an Irish administrator and linguist in British India.
See Hindustani language and George Abraham Grierson
Ghaznavids
The Ghaznavid dynasty (غزنویان Ġaznaviyān) or the Ghaznavid Empire was a Persianate Muslim dynasty and empire of Turkic mamluk origin, ruling at its greatest extent from the Oxus to the Indus Valley from 977 to 1186.
See Hindustani language and Ghaznavids
Ghulam Hamdani Mas'hafi
Ghulam Hamdani (1751–1844), known by the takhallus (nom de plume) of Mas'hafi (مصحفی maṣḥafi), was an Urdu ghazal poet.
See Hindustani language and Ghulam Hamdani Mas'hafi
Ghurid dynasty
The Ghurid dynasty (also spelled Ghorids; translit; self-designation: شنسبانی, Šansabānī) was a Persianate dynasty of presumably eastern Iranian Tajik origin, which ruled from the 8th-century in the region of Ghor, and became an Empire from 1175 to 1215.
See Hindustani language and Ghurid dynasty
Google Arts & Culture
Google Arts & Culture (formerly Google Art Project) is an online platform of high-resolution images and videos of artworks and cultural artifacts from partner cultural organizations throughout the world.
See Hindustani language and Google Arts & Culture
Gulf Cooperation Council
The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (مجلس التعاون لدول الخلیج العربية.), also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC; مجلس التعاون الخليجي), is a regional, intergovernmental, political, and economic union comprising Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.
See Hindustani language and Gulf Cooperation Council
Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ,, Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی|rtl.
See Hindustani language and Gurmukhi
Haflong Hindi
Haflong Hindi (हफ़लौंग हिन्दी) is the lingua franca of Dima Hasao district of Assam state of India.
See Hindustani language and Haflong Hindi
Haryana
Haryana (ISO: Hariyāṇā) is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country.
See Hindustani language and Haryana
HathiTrust
HathiTrust Digital Library is a large-scale collaborative repository of digital content from research libraries including content digitized via Google Books and the Internet Archive digitization initiatives, as well as content digitized locally by libraries.
See Hindustani language and HathiTrust
Hebrew alphabet
The Hebrew alphabet (אָלֶף־בֵּית עִבְרִי), known variously by scholars as the Ktav Ashuri, Jewish script, square script and block script, is traditionally an abjad script used in the writing of the Hebrew language and other Jewish languages, most notably Yiddish, Ladino, Judeo-Arabic, and Judeo-Persian.
See Hindustani language and Hebrew alphabet
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh ("Snow-laden Mountain Province") is a state in the northern part of India.
See Hindustani language and Himachal Pradesh
Hindi
Modern Standard Hindi (आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी, Ādhunik Mānak Hindī), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in Devanagari script. Hindustani language and Hindi are indo-Aryan languages, languages written in Devanagari and lingua francas.
See Hindustani language and Hindi
Hindi Belt
The Hindi Belt, also known as the Hindi Heartland, is a linguistic region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India where various Northern, Central, Eastern and Western Indo-Aryan languages are spoken, which in a broader sense is termed as Hindi languages, with Standard Hindi (based on Dehlavi) serving as the lingua franca of the region.
See Hindustani language and Hindi Belt
Hindi cinema
Hindi cinema, popularly known as Bollywood and formerly as Bombay cinema, refers to the film industry based in Mumbai, engaged in production of motion pictures in Hindi language.
See Hindustani language and Hindi cinema
Hindi–Urdu transliteration
Hindi–Urdu (Devanagari: हिन्दी-उर्दू, Nastaliq: ہندی-اردو) (also known as Hindustani) is the lingua franca of modern-day Northern India and Pakistan (together classically known as Hindustan).
See Hindustani language and Hindi–Urdu transliteration
Hindu mythology
Hindu mythology is the body of myths attributed to, and espoused by, the adherents of the Hindu religion, found in Hindu texts such as the Vedas, the itihasa (the epics of the Mahabharata and Ramayana) the Puranas, and mythological stories specific to a particular ethnolinguistic group like the Tamil Periya Puranam and ''Divya Prabandham'', and the Mangal Kavya of Bengal.
See Hindustani language and Hindu mythology
Hindu–Muslim unity
Hindu–Muslim unity is a religiopolitical concept in the Indian subcontinent which stresses members of the two largest faith groups there, Hindus and Muslims, working together for the common good.
See Hindustani language and Hindu–Muslim unity
Hindus
Hindus (also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma.
See Hindustani language and Hindus
Hindustan
Hindūstān is a name for India, broadly referring to the entirety or northern half of the Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and Hindustan
Hindustani etymology
Hindustani, also known as Hindi-Urdu, is the vernacular form of two standardized registers used as official languages in India and Pakistan, namely Hindi and Urdu.
See Hindustani language and Hindustani etymology
Hindustani grammar
Hindustani, the lingua franca of Northern India and Pakistan, has two standardised registers: Hindi and Urdu.
See Hindustani language and Hindustani grammar
Hindustani vocabulary
Hindustani, also known as Hindi-Urdu, like all Indo-Aryan languages, has a core base of Sanskrit-derived vocabulary, which it gained through Prakrit.
See Hindustani language and Hindustani vocabulary
Hindutva
Hindutva is a political ideology encompassing the cultural justification of Hindu nationalism and the belief in establishing Hindu hegemony within India.
See Hindustani language and Hindutva
Hindutva boycott of Hindi films
Several boycotts have been started against Hindi films by Hindu nationalists in recent years, with the term Urduwood being used to characterise the Hindi-language Bollywood film industry as a Muslim-dominated, anti-Hindu industry which favours the use of Urdu over Hindi.
See Hindustani language and Hindutva boycott of Hindi films
Hinglish
Hinglish is the macaronic hybrid use of South Asian English and the Hindustani language.
See Hindustani language and Hinglish
Hyderabad
Hyderabad (ISO) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana.
See Hindustani language and Hyderabad
Hyderabadi Urdu
Hyderabadi (حیدرآبادی اردو) is a variety of Dakhini Urdu, spoken in areas of the former Hyderabad State, corresponding to the Indian state of Telangana, the Marathwada region of Maharashtra and the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka.
See Hindustani language and Hyderabadi Urdu
India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.
See Hindustani language and India
Indian English
Indian English (IE) is a group of English dialects spoken in the Republic of India and among the Indian diaspora.
See Hindustani language and Indian English
Indian independence movement
The Indian Independence Movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British colonial rule.
See Hindustani language and Indian independence movement
Indian Signing System
The Indian Signing System or Indian Sign System (ISS) is a convention for manually coded language used in India.
See Hindustani language and Indian Signing System
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.
See Hindustani language and Indian subcontinent
Indo-Aryan languages
The Indo-Aryan languages (or sometimes Indic languages) are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family.
See Hindustani language and Indo-Aryan languages
Indo-Iranian languages
The Indo-Iranian languages (also known as Indo-Iranic languages or collectively the Aryan languages) constitute the largest and southeasternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family.
See Hindustani language and Indo-Iranian languages
Insha Allah Khan
Insha Allah Khan (اِنشا اللہ خاں; c. 1752 Murshidabad –1817), known as Insha, was an Urdu poet in the courts of Lucknow and Delhi in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century.
See Hindustani language and Insha Allah Khan
International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script.
See Hindustani language and International Phonetic Alphabet
Jaipur
Jaipur is the capital and the largest city of the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan.
See Hindustani language and Jaipur
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asian mainland.
See Hindustani language and Japan
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India.
See Hindustani language and Jharkhand
John Fletcher Hurst
John Fletcher Hurst (August 17, 1834 – May 4, 1903) was an American bishop in the Methodist Episcopal Church and the first Chancellor of the American University in Washington, D.C.
See Hindustani language and John Fletcher Hurst
John Gilchrist (linguist)
John Borthwick Gilchrist (19 June 1759 – 9 January 1841) was a Scottish surgeon, linguist, philologist and Indologist.
See Hindustani language and John Gilchrist (linguist)
Judeo-Urdu
Judeo-Urdu (یہود اردو|translit.
See Hindustani language and Judeo-Urdu
Kabul
Kabul is the capital city of Afghanistan.
See Hindustani language and Kabul
Kaithi
Kaithi, also called Kayathi or Kayasthi, is a historical Brahmic script that was used widely in parts of Northern and Eastern India, primarily in the present-day states of Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Bihar.
See Hindustani language and Kaithi
Karnataka
Karnataka (ISO), also known colloquially as Karunāḍu, is a state in the southwestern region of India.
See Hindustani language and Karnataka
Kauravi dialect
Kauravi (कौरवी, کَوروی), also known as Khaṛībolī, is a dialect of Hindustani descended from Shauraseni Prakrit that is mainly spoken in northwestern Uttar Pradesh, outside of Delhi. Hindustani language and Kauravi dialect are languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Kauravi dialect
Kingdom of Amber
The Kingdom of Amber, also known as Kingdom of Dhundhar, and Jaipur State, was located in the north-eastern historic Dhundhar region of Rajputana and was ruled by the Kachwaha Rajput clan.
See Hindustani language and Kingdom of Amber
Laṇḍā scripts
The Laṇḍā scripts, from the term laṇḍā meaning "without a tail", is a Punjabi word used to refer to writing systems used in Punjab and adjoining areas.
See Hindustani language and Laṇḍā scripts
Lahore
Lahore (لہور; لاہور) is the capital and largest city of the Pakistani province of Punjab.
See Hindustani language and Lahore
Lallu Lal
Lallu Lal (1763–1835) was an academic, author and translator from India.
See Hindustani language and Lallu Lal
Languages of India
Languages spoken in the Republic of India belong to several language families, the major ones being the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 78.05% of Indians and the Dravidian languages spoken by 19.64% of Indians; both families together are sometimes known as Indic languages.
See Hindustani language and Languages of India
Languages of Pakistan
Pakistan is a multilingual country with over 70 languages spoken as first languages.
See Hindustani language and Languages of Pakistan
Languages with legal status in India
, 22 languages have been classified as recognised languages under the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India.
See Hindustani language and Languages with legal status in India
Latin script
The Latin script, also known as the Roman script, is a writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the Greek alphabet which was in use in the ancient Greek city of Cumae in Magna Graecia.
See Hindustani language and Latin script
Lingua franca
A lingua franca (for plurals see), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups of people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both of the speakers' native languages. Hindustani language and lingua franca are lingua francas.
See Hindustani language and Lingua franca
Linguistic Survey of India
The Linguistic Survey of India (LSI) is a comprehensive survey of the languages of British India, describing 364 languages and dialects.
See Hindustani language and Linguistic Survey of India
List of Hindi authors
This is a list of authors of Hindi literature, i.e. people who write in Hindi language, its dialects and Hindustani language.
See Hindustani language and List of Hindi authors
List of languages by total number of speakers
This is a list of languages by total number of speakers.
See Hindustani language and List of languages by total number of speakers
List of Urdu authors
This is a list of notable Urdu-language writers.
See Hindustani language and List of Urdu authors
Lucknow
Lucknow is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division.
See Hindustani language and Lucknow
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh (meaning 'central province') is a state in central India.
See Hindustani language and Madhya Pradesh
Mahajani
Mahajani is a Laṇḍā mercantile script that was historically used in northern India for writing accounts and financial records in Marwari, Hindi and Punjabi.
See Hindustani language and Mahajani
Maharashtra
Maharashtra (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra) is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau.
See Hindustani language and Maharashtra
Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (ISO: Mōhanadāsa Karamacaṁda Gāṁdhī; 2 October 186930 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule.
See Hindustani language and Mahatma Gandhi
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.
See Hindustani language and Mandarin Chinese
Middle East
The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
See Hindustani language and Middle East
Middle Indo-Aryan languages
The Middle Indo-Aryan languages (or Middle Indic languages, sometimes conflated with the Prakrits, which are a stage of Middle Indic) are a historical group of languages of the Indo-Aryan family. Hindustani language and Middle Indo-Aryan languages are indo-Aryan languages.
See Hindustani language and Middle Indo-Aryan languages
Middle kingdoms of India
The middle kingdoms of India were the political entities in the Indian subcontinent from 230 BCE to 1206 CE.
See Hindustani language and Middle kingdoms of India
Migrant worker
A migrant worker is a person who migrates within a home country or outside it to pursue work.
See Hindustani language and Migrant worker
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia.
See Hindustani language and Mughal Empire
Mumbai
Mumbai (ISO:; formerly known as Bombay) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra.
See Hindustani language and Mumbai
Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent
Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent is conventionally said to have started in 712, after the conquest of Sindh and Multan by the Umayyad Caliphate under the military command of Muhammad ibn al-Qasim.
See Hindustani language and Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent
Muslims
Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.
See Hindustani language and Muslims
Mutual intelligibility
In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort.
See Hindustani language and Mutual intelligibility
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma (the official name until 1989), is a country in Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest.
See Hindustani language and Myanmar
Nagari Pracharini Sabha
The Nagari Pracharini Sabha (Devanagari: नागरीप्रचारिणी सभा, Society for Promotion of Nagari), also known as Kashi Nagari Pracharini Sabha, was an organization founded in 1893 at the Queen's College, Varanasi for the promotion of the Devanagari script over the more common Kaithi script used for Hindi languages.
See Hindustani language and Nagari Pracharini Sabha
Naskh (script)
Naskh is a smaller, round script of Islamic calligraphy.
See Hindustani language and Naskh (script)
Nastaliq
Nastaliq, also romanized as Nastaʿlīq or Nastaleeq, is one of the main calligraphic hands used to write the Perso-Arabic script and it is used for some Indo-Iranian languages, predominantly Classical Persian, Kashmiri, Punjabi (Shahmukhi) and Urdu.
See Hindustani language and Nastaliq
National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language
The National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language (قومی کونسل برائے فروغ اردو زبان, NCPUL) is an autonomous regulatory body in the Government of India.
See Hindustani language and National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language
National Geographic
National Geographic (formerly The National Geographic Magazine, sometimes branded as NAT GEO) is an American monthly magazine published by National Geographic Partners.
See Hindustani language and National Geographic
National language
A national language is a language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) that has some connection—de facto or de jure—with a nation.
See Hindustani language and National language
National Language Promotion Department
The National Language Promotion Department (اِدارۀ فروغِ قومی زُبان), formerly known as the National Language Authority (or Urdu Language Authority), is an autonomous regulatory institution established in 1979 to support the advancement and promotion of Urdu, which is the national language of Pakistan.
See Hindustani language and National Language Promotion Department
National Science and Media Museum
The National Science and Media Museum (formerly The National Museum of Photography, Film & Television, 1983–2006 and then the National Media Museum, 2006–2017), located in Bradford, West Yorkshire, is part of the national Science Museum Group in the UK.
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New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven is a city in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States.
See Hindustani language and New Haven, Connecticut
Nizam of Hyderabad
Nizam of Hyderabad was the title of the ruler of Hyderabad State (part of the Indian state of Telangana, the Marathwada region of Maharashtra and the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka).
See Hindustani language and Nizam of Hyderabad
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern and Western Hemispheres.
See Hindustani language and North America
North Carolina State University
North Carolina State University (NC State, North Carolina State, NC State University, or NCSU) is a public land-grant research university in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States.
See Hindustani language and North Carolina State University
North India
North India, also called Northern India, is a geographical and broad cultural region comprising the northern part of India (or historically, the Indian subcontinent) wherein Indo-Aryans form the prominent majority population.
See Hindustani language and North India
Northern South Asia
Northern South Asia is a geographical area in South Asia, and includes the northern region of the Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and Northern South Asia
Official language
An official language is a language having certain rights to be used in defined situations.
See Hindustani language and Official language
Old Hindi
Old Hindi or Khariboli was the earliest stage of the Hindustani language, and so the ancestor of today's Hindi and Urdu. Hindustani language and Old Hindi are indo-Aryan languages.
See Hindustani language and Old Hindi
Pakistan
Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia.
See Hindustani language and Pakistan
Pakistani English
Pakistani English (also known as Paklish or Pinglish) is the group of English language varieties spoken and written in Pakistan.
See Hindustani language and Pakistani English
Part XVII of the Constitution of India
Part XVII is a compilation of laws pertaining to the constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of.
See Hindustani language and Part XVII of the Constitution of India
Partition of India
The Partition of India in 1947 was the change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent and the creation of two independent dominions in South Asia: India and Pakistan.
See Hindustani language and Partition of India
Persian alphabet
The Persian alphabet (translit), also known as the Perso-Arabic script, is the right-to-left alphabet used for the Persian language.
See Hindustani language and Persian alphabet
Persian language
Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
See Hindustani language and Persian language
Persianization
Persianization or Persification (پارسیسازی), is a sociological process of cultural change in which a non-Persian society becomes "Persianate", meaning it either directly adopts or becomes strongly influenced by the Persian language, culture, literature, art, music, and identity as well as other socio-cultural factors.
See Hindustani language and Persianization
Pluricentric language
A pluricentric language or polycentric language is a language with several codified standard forms, often corresponding to different countries.
See Hindustani language and Pluricentric language
Portuguese language
Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family originating from the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. Hindustani language and portuguese language are lingua francas.
See Hindustani language and Portuguese language
Prakrit
Prakrit is a group of vernacular Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were used in the Indian subcontinent from around the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE. Hindustani language and Prakrit are indo-Aryan languages and languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Prakrit
Presidencies and provinces of British India
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and Presidencies and provinces of British India
PublicAffairs
PublicAffairs (or PublicAffairs Books) is a book publishing company located in New York City and has been a part of the Hachette Book Group since 2016.
See Hindustani language and PublicAffairs
Punjabi language
Punjabi, sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Punjab region of Pakistan and India. Hindustani language and Punjabi language are languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Punjabi language
Purushottam Das Tandon
Purushottam Das Tandon (1 August 1882 – 1 July 1962) was a freedom fighter from Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
See Hindustani language and Purushottam Das Tandon
Rajasthan
Rajasthan (lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northwestern India.
See Hindustani language and Rajasthan
Rajasthani languages
Rajasthani languages are a branch of Western Indo-Aryan languages. Hindustani language and Rajasthani languages are languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Rajasthani languages
Rajput
Rajput (from Sanskrit rājaputra meaning "son of a king"), also called Thakur, is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and Rajput
Register (sociolinguistics)
In sociolinguistics, a register is a variety of language used for a particular purpose or particular communicative situation.
See Hindustani language and Register (sociolinguistics)
Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India
Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, founded in 1961 by the Government of India Ministry of Home Affairs, for arranging, conducting and analysing the results of the demographic surveys of India including Census of India and Linguistic Survey of India.
See Hindustani language and Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India
Rekhta
Rekhta (ریختہ; रेख़्ता) was an early form of the Hindustani language. Hindustani language and Rekhta are languages attested from the 13th century.
See Hindustani language and Rekhta
Roman Urdu
Roman Urdu is the name used for the Urdu language written with the Latin script, also known as Roman script.
See Hindustani language and Roman Urdu
Rosen Publishing
The Rosen Publishing Group is an American publisher specializing in educational books catering to readers from pre-Kindergarten through grade 12.
See Hindustani language and Rosen Publishing
Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
See Hindustani language and Routledge
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. Hindustani language and Sanskrit are indo-Aryan languages and languages written in Devanagari.
See Hindustani language and Sanskrit
Sanskritisation (linguistics)
Sanskritisation is the process of introducing features from Sanskrit, such as vocabulary and grammar, into other languages.
See Hindustani language and Sanskritisation (linguistics)
Sant (religion)
A sant (सन्त्; IAST) is a human being revered as a "truth-exemplar" for their abnormal level of "self, truth, reality" in Indic religions, particularly Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, and Buddhism.
See Hindustani language and Sant (religion)
Second language
A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1).
See Hindustani language and Second language
Shauraseni Prakrit
Shauraseni Prakrit (Śaurasenī Prākṛta) was a Middle Indo-Aryan language and a Dramatic Prakrit. Hindustani language and Shauraseni Prakrit are indo-Aryan languages.
See Hindustani language and Shauraseni Prakrit
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms.
See Hindustani language and South Asia
South Asia Research
The South Asia Research is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering the history, politics, law, economics, sociology, visual culture, languages, and literature of the countries in South Asia, shaped by the history of the Indian subcontinent.
See Hindustani language and South Asia Research
South India
South India, also known as Southern India or Peninsular India, is the southern part of the Deccan Peninsula in India encompassing the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area and 20% of India's population.
See Hindustani language and South India
Springer Publishing
Springer Publishing Company is an American publishing company of academic journals and books, focusing on the fields of nursing, gerontology, psychology, social work, counseling, public health, and rehabilitation (neuropsychology).
See Hindustani language and Springer Publishing
Standard language
A standard language (or standard variety, standard dialect, standardized dialect or simply standard) is a language variety that has undergone substantial codification of its grammar, lexicon, writing system, or other features and stands out among other varieties in a community as the one with the highest status or prestige.
See Hindustani language and Standard language
Studies (journal)
Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review is an Irish scholarly journal established in 1912, with its first issue published in March 1912.
See Hindustani language and Studies (journal)
Sufism
Sufism is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism and asceticism.
See Hindustani language and Sufism
SUNY Press
The State University of New York Press (more commonly referred to as the SUNY Press) is a university press affiliated with the State University of New York system.
See Hindustani language and SUNY Press
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu (TN) is the southernmost state of India.
See Hindustani language and Tamil Nadu
Tata Institute of Social Sciences
Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS) is a multi-campus public university in Mumbai, India.
See Hindustani language and Tata Institute of Social Sciences
Telangana
Telangana (ISO) is a state in India situated in the southern-central part of the Indian peninsula on the high Deccan Plateau.
See Hindustani language and Telangana
Telugu language
Telugu (తెలుగు|) is a Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language.
See Hindustani language and Telugu language
The Times of India
The Times of India, also known by its abbreviation TOI, is an Indian English-language daily newspaper and digital news media owned and managed by The Times Group.
See Hindustani language and The Times of India
Timurid dynasty
The Timurid dynasty, self-designated as Gurkani (گورکانیان|translit.
See Hindustani language and Timurid dynasty
Transliteration
Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus trans- + liter-) in predictable ways, such as Greek →, Cyrillic →, Greek → the digraph, Armenian → or Latin →.
See Hindustani language and Transliteration
Turco–Mongol tradition
The Turco-Mongol or Turko-Mongol tradition was an ethnocultural synthesis that arose in Asia during the 14th century among the ruling elites of the Golden Horde and the Chagatai Khanate.
See Hindustani language and Turco–Mongol tradition
Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.
See Hindustani language and Turkic peoples
Uddin and Begum Hindustani romanisation
The Uddin and Begum Hindustani Romanization scheme is an international standard for romanising (transliterating into the Latin alphabet) Urdu and Hindi (sometimes jointly referred to as the Hindustani language, particularly in the era of British India).
See Hindustani language and Uddin and Begum Hindustani romanisation
Unicode
Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard, is a text encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text in all of the world's writing systems that can be digitized.
See Hindustani language and Unicode
Union territory
A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India.
See Hindustani language and Union territory
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.
See Hindustani language and Universal Declaration of Human Rights
University of Chicago Press
The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.
See Hindustani language and University of Chicago Press
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC, UNC-Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Chapel Hill, or simply Carolina) is a public research university in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
See Hindustani language and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
University of Pennsylvania Press
The University of Pennsylvania Press, also known as Penn Press, is a university press affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
The University of Wisconsin–Madison (University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, UW, UW–Madison, or simply Madison) is a public land-grant research university in Madison, Wisconsin, United States.
See Hindustani language and University of Wisconsin–Madison
Upper class
Upper class in modern societies is the social class composed of people who hold the highest social status, usually are the wealthiest members of class society, and wield the greatest political power.
See Hindustani language and Upper class
Urdish
Urdish, Urglish or Urdunglish, a portmanteau of the words Urdu and English, is the macaronic hybrid use of South Asian English and Standard Urdu.
See Hindustani language and Urdish
Urdu
Urdu (اُردُو) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. Hindustani language and Urdu are indo-Aryan languages and lingua francas.
See Hindustani language and Urdu
Urdu alphabet
The Urdu alphabet is the right-to-left alphabet used for writing Urdu.
See Hindustani language and Urdu alphabet
Urdu Braille
Urdu Braille is the braille alphabet used for Urdu.
See Hindustani language and Urdu Braille
Urdu literature
Urdu literature (ادبیاتِ اُردُو) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language.
See Hindustani language and Urdu literature
Urdu poetry
Urdu poetry (اُردُو شاعرى) is a tradition of poetry and has many different forms.
See Hindustani language and Urdu poetry
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh ('North Province') is a state in northern India.
See Hindustani language and Uttar Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand, formerly known as Uttaranchal (the official name until 2007), is a state in northern India.
See Hindustani language and Uttarakhand
Varanasi
Varanasi (ISO:,; also Benares, Banaras or Kashi) is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world.
See Hindustani language and Varanasi
Vernacular
Vernacular is the ordinary, informal, spoken form of language, particularly when perceived as being of lower social status in contrast to standard language, which is more codified, institutional, literary, or formal.
See Hindustani language and Vernacular
Wali Mohammed Wali
Wali Muhammad Wali (1667–1707), also known as Wali Dakhani, Wali Gujarati, and Wali Aurangabadi, was a classical Urdu poet from India.
See Hindustani language and Wali Mohammed Wali
West Bengal
West Bengal (Bengali: Poshchim Bongo,, abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India.
See Hindustani language and West Bengal
Western Hindi languages
The Western Hindi languages, also known as Midland languages, are a branch of the Indo-Aryan language family spoken chiefly in Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh and Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh, in Northwest and Central India.
See Hindustani language and Western Hindi languages
Western Uttar Pradesh
Western Uttar Pradesh is a region in India that comprises the western districts of Uttar Pradesh state, including the areas of Rohilkhand and those where Hindi and Braj are spoken.
See Hindustani language and Western Uttar Pradesh
Yale University Press
Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University.
See Hindustani language and Yale University Press
Yangon
Yangon (ရန်ကုန်), formerly romanized as Rangoon, is the capital of the Yangon Region and the largest city of Myanmar (also known as Burma).
See Hindustani language and Yangon
See also
Languages attested from the 13th century
- Franco-Italian
- Hindustani language
- Kashmiri language
- Mongolian language
- Old Swedish
- Rekhta
- Thai language
Lingua francas
- Ajem-Turkic
- Arabic
- Chagatai language
- Chinese language
- English language
- French language
- Hindi
- Hindustani language
- Kumyk language
- Lingua franca
- List of lingua francas
- Mediterranean Lingua Franca
- Meitei language
- Nepali language
- Portuguese language
- Russian language
- Sogdian language
- Spanish language
- Urdu
References
Also known as Bazaar hindi, Colloquial Hindi, Colloquial Urdu, Comparison of Hindi and Urdu, Comparison of Urdu and Hindi, Differences between Hindi and Urdu, Hindawi (language), Hindawi language, Hindi Urdu, Hindi and Hindustani, Hindi and Urdu, Hindi-Urdu, Hindi-Urdu language, Hindi/Urdu, Hindi–Urdu difference, Hindoostanee language, Hindostanee, Hindostani language, Hindustani languages, Hindustani literature, Hindustānī, Hindustānī language, Informal Hindi, Informal Urdu, Language of Hindostan, Language of Hindustan, Oordoo, Spoken Hindi, Spoken Urdu, Standard Hindustani, Urdu Hindi, Urdu and Hindi, Urdu and Hindustani, Urdu-Hindi, Urdu/Hindi, Zaban-i-Ordu, , ہندوستانی.
, Dhakaiya Urdu, Dutch language, Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India, Encyclopaedia of Islam, Encyclopædia Britannica, English language, Englishisation, Ethnologue, Europe, Fiji Hindi, First language, Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb, Genghis Khan, George Abraham Grierson, Ghaznavids, Ghulam Hamdani Mas'hafi, Ghurid dynasty, Google Arts & Culture, Gulf Cooperation Council, Gurmukhi, Haflong Hindi, Haryana, HathiTrust, Hebrew alphabet, Himachal Pradesh, Hindi, Hindi Belt, Hindi cinema, Hindi–Urdu transliteration, Hindu mythology, Hindu–Muslim unity, Hindus, Hindustan, Hindustani etymology, Hindustani grammar, Hindustani vocabulary, Hindutva, Hindutva boycott of Hindi films, Hinglish, Hyderabad, Hyderabadi Urdu, India, Indian English, Indian independence movement, Indian Signing System, Indian subcontinent, Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Iranian languages, Insha Allah Khan, International Phonetic Alphabet, Jaipur, Japan, Jharkhand, John Fletcher Hurst, John Gilchrist (linguist), Judeo-Urdu, Kabul, Kaithi, Karnataka, Kauravi dialect, Kingdom of Amber, Laṇḍā scripts, Lahore, Lallu Lal, Languages of India, Languages of Pakistan, Languages with legal status in India, Latin script, Lingua franca, Linguistic Survey of India, List of Hindi authors, List of languages by total number of speakers, List of Urdu authors, Lucknow, Madhya Pradesh, Mahajani, Maharashtra, Mahatma Gandhi, Mandarin Chinese, Middle East, Middle Indo-Aryan languages, Middle kingdoms of India, Migrant worker, Mughal Empire, Mumbai, Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent, Muslims, Mutual intelligibility, Myanmar, Nagari Pracharini Sabha, Naskh (script), Nastaliq, National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, National Geographic, National language, National Language Promotion Department, National Science and Media Museum, New Haven, Connecticut, Nizam of Hyderabad, North America, North Carolina State University, North India, Northern South Asia, Official language, Old Hindi, Pakistan, Pakistani English, Part XVII of the Constitution of India, Partition of India, Persian alphabet, Persian language, Persianization, Pluricentric language, Portuguese language, Prakrit, Presidencies and provinces of British India, PublicAffairs, Punjabi language, Purushottam Das Tandon, Rajasthan, Rajasthani languages, Rajput, Register (sociolinguistics), Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Rekhta, Roman Urdu, Rosen Publishing, Routledge, Sanskrit, Sanskritisation (linguistics), Sant (religion), Second language, Shauraseni Prakrit, South Asia, South Asia Research, South India, Springer Publishing, Standard language, Studies (journal), Sufism, SUNY Press, Tamil Nadu, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Telangana, Telugu language, The Times of India, Timurid dynasty, Transliteration, Turco–Mongol tradition, Turkic peoples, Uddin and Begum Hindustani romanisation, Unicode, Union territory, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, University of Chicago Press, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Pennsylvania Press, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Upper class, Urdish, Urdu, Urdu alphabet, Urdu Braille, Urdu literature, Urdu poetry, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Varanasi, Vernacular, Wali Mohammed Wali, West Bengal, Western Hindi languages, Western Uttar Pradesh, Yale University Press, Yangon.