Faster access than browser!
272 relations: Abkhazia, Achaemenid Empire, Adjara, Adygea, Aeëtes, Africa, Alania, Alans, Alunite, Amirani, Anatolia, Ancient Greek, Ancient Rome, Anthracite, Arabs, Armenia, Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian Highlands, Armenian language, Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, Ashurbanipal, Asia, Assyria, Atropatene, Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan Grand Prix, Azerbaijani language, Bagratid Armenia, Baku, Balkars, Biodiversity hotspot, Bison, Black Sea, Boundaries between the continents of Earth, Brown bear, Byzantine Empire, Caftan (Metropolitan Museum of Art), Cappadocia, Caspian red deer, Caspian Sea, Caucasian Albania, Caucasian grouse, Caucasian parsley frog, Caucasian salamander, Caucasian Shepherd Dog, Caucasian War, Caucasus Germans, Caucasus mixed forests, Caucasus Mountains, Chechens, ..., Chechnya, Chromium, Church of Caucasian Albania, Cilicia, Circassia, Circassian genocide, Circassians, Coal, Colchis, Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations, Copper, Culture of Armenia, Culture of Azerbaijan, Culture of Georgia (country), Dagestan, Darevskia, David IV of Georgia, Disjunct distribution, Dissolution of the Soviet Union, DjVu, Dog breed, East Prigorodny Conflict, Eastern Europe, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Partnership, Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Iranica, Endemism, Energy, Etchmiadzin Cathedral, Eurasian Economic Union, Euronest Parliamentary Assembly, Europe, European History Online, Federal districts of Russia, Ferdowsi, First Chechen War, Georgia (country), Georgian mythology, Gold, Golden eagle, Golden Fleece, Gothic language, Government in exile, Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Gray wolf, Greater Caucasus, Greek mythology, Grozny, Heidelberg, History of Iran, Hominini, Homo erectus, Hooded crow, Indiana University Press, Indigenous language, Indo-European languages, Ingush people, Ingushetia, Invertebrate, Iran, Iron ore, Islam, Islam in Russia, Jason, Jefferson, North Carolina, Judea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Kalmyks, Karachay-Balkar language, Karachay-Cherkessia, Karachays, Kartvelian languages, Khanates of the Caucasus, Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Kingdom of Georgia, Kingdom of Iberia, Kingdom of Syunik, Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget, Krasnaya Polyana, Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Krasnodar Krai, Kura–Araxes culture, Kurds, Languages of the Caucasus, Last glacial period, Latvian language, Lead, Leibniz Institute of European History, Lesser Caucasus, Lignite, Lingua franca, List of states with limited recognition, List of transcontinental countries, Lithuanian language, MailOnline, Manganese, McFarland & Company, Medea, Medes, Member states of the United Nations, Mercury (element), Meskhetian Turks, Mesopotamia, Middle Persian, Mineral, Minke whale, Molybdenum, Mongol invasions and conquests, Mongols, Mount Elbrus, Mount Qaf, Muslim conquest of Persia, Nabataean Kingdom, Nagorno-Karabakh War, Nakh languages, Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Nation state, Natural barrier, Natural gas, Natural History (Pliny), Near East, Nick Griffin, North Caucasian Federal District, North Caucasus, North Ossetia-Alania, Northeast Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian languages, Oil, Old East Slavic, Ossetian language, Ossetians, Otto Schrader (philologist), Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turks, Ovid, Oxford University Press, Paleolithic, Paris, Parthia, Parthian Empire, Paul Kretschmer, PDF, Pelasgians, Persian leopard, Persian mythology, Pliny the Elder, Population transfer in the Soviet Union, Post-Soviet states, Primary Chronicle, Princeton University Press, Principality of Khachen, Prometheism, Prometheus, Qajar dynasty, Regions of Europe, Relict, Republic of Artsakh, Robert's snow vole, Roman Empire, Roman–Persian Wars, Rosa Khutor Alpine Resort, Runivers, Russia, Russian Civil War, Russian Empire, Russian language, Russo-Georgian War, Russo-Persian Wars, Saint Petersburg, Saoshyant, Sasanian Empire, Scythia, Scythian languages, Second Chechen War, Shahdag Mountain Resort, Shahnameh, Shapi Kaziev, Simurgh, Sochi, South Ossetia, Southern Federal District, Southern Russia, Soviet Union, Spider, Stavropol Krai, Strasbourg, Sunni Islam, Svaneti, Svetitskhoveli Cathedral, Syria, Tamar of Georgia, Tbilisi, Tigranes the Great, Tower house, Transcaucasia, Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Treaty of Gulistan, Treaty of Turkmenchay, Tsaghkadzor ski resort, Tungsten, Turkey, Turkic languages, Twelver, UNESCO, Uranium, UTC+02:00, UTC+03:00, UTC+03:30, UTC+04:00, UTC+04:30, Vincent Evans, War in Abkhazia (1992–1993), Western Asia, World Heritage site, Yale University Press, Yerevan, Zeus, Zinc, Zoroastrianism, 2014 Winter Olympics, 2015 European Games. Expand index (222 more) »
Abkhazia
Abkhazia (Аҧсны́; აფხაზეთი; p) is a territory on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, south of the Greater Caucasus mountains, in northwestern Georgia.
New!!: Caucasus and Abkhazia · See more »
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.
New!!: Caucasus and Achaemenid Empire · See more »
Adjara
Adjara (აჭარა), officially known as the Autonomous Republic of Adjara (Georgian: აჭარის ავტონომიური რესპუბლიკა), is a historical, geographic and political-administrative region of Georgia.
New!!: Caucasus and Adjara · See more »
Adygea
The Republic of Adygea (r; Адыгэ Республик, Adygæ Respublik), also known as the Adyghe Republic, is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), with its territory enclaved within Krasnodar Krai.
New!!: Caucasus and Adygea · See more »
Aeëtes
Aeëtes (also spelled Æëtes, Αἰήτης Aiētēs) was a King of Colchis in Greek mythology.
New!!: Caucasus and Aeëtes · See more »
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).
New!!: Caucasus and Africa · See more »
Alania
Alania was a medieval kingdom of the Iranian Alans (proto-Ossetians) that flourished in the Northern Caucasus, roughly in the location of latter-day Circassia and modern North Ossetia–Alania, from its independence from the Khazars in the late 9th century until its destruction by the Mongol invasion in 1238-39.
New!!: Caucasus and Alania · See more »
Alans
The Alans (or Alani) were an Iranian nomadic pastoral people of antiquity.
New!!: Caucasus and Alans · See more »
Alunite
Alunite is a hydrated aluminium potassium sulfate mineral, formula KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6.
New!!: Caucasus and Alunite · See more »
Amirani
Amirani or Amiran (ამირანი) is the name of a culture hero of a Georgian epic who resembles the Classical Prometheus.
New!!: Caucasus and Amirani · See more »
Anatolia
Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.
New!!: Caucasus and Anatolia · See more »
Ancient Greek
The Ancient Greek language includes the forms of Greek used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD.
New!!: Caucasus and Ancient Greek · See more »
Ancient Rome
In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.
New!!: Caucasus and Ancient Rome · See more »
Anthracite
Anthracite, often referred to as hard coal, is a hard, compact variety of coal that has a submetallic luster.
New!!: Caucasus and Anthracite · See more »
Arabs
Arabs (عَرَب ISO 233, Arabic pronunciation) are a population inhabiting the Arab world.
New!!: Caucasus and Arabs · See more »
Armenia
Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.
New!!: Caucasus and Armenia · See more »
Armenian Apostolic Church
The Armenian Apostolic Church (translit) is the national church of the Armenian people.
New!!: Caucasus and Armenian Apostolic Church · See more »
Armenian Highlands
The Armenian Highlands (Haykakan leṙnašxarh; also known as the Armenian Upland, Armenian plateau, Armenian tableland,Hewsen, Robert H. "The Geography of Armenia" in The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century. Richard G. Hovannisian (ed.) New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997, pp. 1-17 or simply Armenia) is the central-most and highest of three land-locked plateaus that together form the northern sector of the Middle East.
New!!: Caucasus and Armenian Highlands · See more »
Armenian language
The Armenian language (reformed: հայերեն) is an Indo-European language spoken primarily by the Armenians.
New!!: Caucasus and Armenian language · See more »
Arsacid dynasty of Armenia
The Arsacid dynasty, known natively as the Arshakuni dynasty (Արշակունի Aršakuni), ruled the Kingdom of Armenia from 54 to 428.
New!!: Caucasus and Arsacid dynasty of Armenia · See more »
Ashurbanipal
Ashurbanipal (Aššur-bāni-apli; ܐܫܘܪ ܒܢܐ ܐܦܠܐ; 'Ashur is the creator of an heir'), also spelled Assurbanipal or Ashshurbanipal, was King of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 668 BC to c. 627 BC, the son of Esarhaddon and the last strong ruler of the empire, which is usually dated between 934 and 609 BC.
New!!: Caucasus and Ashurbanipal · See more »
Asia
Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.
New!!: Caucasus and Asia · See more »
Assyria
Assyria, also called the Assyrian Empire, was a major Semitic speaking Mesopotamian kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East and the Levant.
New!!: Caucasus and Assyria · See more »
Atropatene
Atropatene (in Ἀτροπατηνή; in Middle Iranian: Atropatkan and Atorpatkan) was an ancient kingdom established and ruled under local ethnic Iranian dynasties, first with Darius III of Persia and later Alexander the Great of Macedonia starting in the 4th century BC and includes the territory of modern-day Iranian Azerbaijan, Iranian Kurdistan, and a small part of the contemporary Azerbaijan Republic.
New!!: Caucasus and Atropatene · See more »
Azerbaijan
No description.
New!!: Caucasus and Azerbaijan · See more »
Azerbaijan Grand Prix
The Azerbaijan Grand Prix (Azərbaycan Qran Prisi) is a Formula One motor race that was held for the first time in.
New!!: Caucasus and Azerbaijan Grand Prix · See more »
Azerbaijani language
Azerbaijani or Azeri, also referred to as Azeri Turkic or Azeri Turkish, is a Turkic language spoken primarily by the Azerbaijanis, who are concentrated mainly in Transcaucasia and Iranian Azerbaijan (historic Azerbaijan).
New!!: Caucasus and Azerbaijani language · See more »
Bagratid Armenia
The Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia, also known as Bagratid Armenia (Բագրատունյաց Հայաստան Bagratunyats Hayastan or Բագրատունիների թագավորություն, Bagratunineri t’agavorut’yun, "kingdom of the Bagratunis"), was an independent state established by Ashot I Bagratuni in the early 880s following nearly two centuries of foreign domination of Greater Armenia under Arab Umayyad and Abbasid rule.
New!!: Caucasus and Bagratid Armenia · See more »
Baku
Baku (Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region, with a population of 2,374,000.
New!!: Caucasus and Baku · See more »
Balkars
The Balkars (Малкъарлыла, таулула Malqarlıla, tawlula) are a Turkic people of the Caucasus region, one of the titular populations of Kabardino-Balkaria.
New!!: Caucasus and Balkars · See more »
Biodiversity hotspot
A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened with destruction.
New!!: Caucasus and Biodiversity hotspot · See more »
Bison
Bison are large, even-toed ungulates in the genus Bison within the subfamily Bovinae.
New!!: Caucasus and Bison · See more »
Black Sea
The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia.
New!!: Caucasus and Black Sea · See more »
Boundaries between the continents of Earth
The boundaries between the continents of Earth are generally a matter of geographical convention.
New!!: Caucasus and Boundaries between the continents of Earth · See more »
Brown bear
The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a bear that is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.
New!!: Caucasus and Brown bear · See more »
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).
New!!: Caucasus and Byzantine Empire · See more »
Caftan (Metropolitan Museum of Art)
A caftan or coat of linen with silk borders in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art represents the typical clothing worn by horsemen along the Silk Road in the North Caucasus during the 8th–10th centuries.
New!!: Caucasus and Caftan (Metropolitan Museum of Art) · See more »
Cappadocia
Cappadocia (also Capadocia; Καππαδοκία, Kappadokía, from Katpatuka, Kapadokya) is a historical region in Central Anatolia, largely in the Nevşehir, Kayseri, Kırşehir, Aksaray, and Niğde Provinces in Turkey.
New!!: Caucasus and Cappadocia · See more »
Caspian red deer
The Caspian red deer (Cervus elaphus maral), is one of the easternmost subspecies of red deer that is native to areas between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea such as Crimea, Asia Minor, the Caucasus Mountains region bordering Europe and Asia, and along the Caspian Sea region in Iran.
New!!: Caucasus and Caspian red deer · See more »
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.
New!!: Caucasus and Caspian Sea · See more »
Caucasian Albania
Albania, usually referred to as Caucasian Albania for disambiguation with the modern state of Albania (the endonym is unknownRobert H. Hewsen. "Ethno-History and the Armenian Influence upon the Caucasian Albanians", in: Samuelian, Thomas J. (Ed.), Classical Armenian Culture. Influences and Creativity. Chicago: 1982, pp. 27-40.Bosworth, Clifford E.. Encyclopædia Iranica.), is a name for the historical region of the eastern Caucasus, that existed on the territory of present-day republic of Azerbaijan (where both of its capitals were located) and partially southern Dagestan.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasian Albania · See more »
Caucasian grouse
The Caucasian grouse (Tetrao mlokosiewiczi) is a large bird in the grouse family.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasian grouse · See more »
Caucasian parsley frog
The Caucasian parsley frog (Pelodytes caucasicus) is a species of frog in the Pelodytidae family.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasian parsley frog · See more »
Caucasian salamander
The Caucasian salamander (Mertensiella caucasica) is a species of stream-dwelling salamander in the Salamandridae family.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasian salamander · See more »
Caucasian Shepherd Dog
The Caucasian Shepherd (translit, translit, translit, translit, Qafqaz çoban iti; translit, Kafkas Çoban Köpeği, translit, translit) is a large breed of dog that is popular in Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasian Shepherd Dog · See more »
Caucasian War
The Caucasian War (Кавказская война; Kavkazskaya vojna) of 1817–1864 was an invasion of the Caucasus by the Russian Empire which resulted in Russia's annexation of the areas of the North Caucasus, and the ethnic cleansing of Circassians.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasian War · See more »
Caucasus Germans
Caucasus Germans (Kaukasiendeutsche) are part of the German minority in Russia and the Soviet Union.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasus Germans · See more »
Caucasus mixed forests
The Caucasus mixed forests ecoregion, in the Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Biome, of Eurasia in Western Asia and Eastern Europe.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasus mixed forests · See more »
Caucasus Mountains
The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system in West Asia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.
New!!: Caucasus and Caucasus Mountains · See more »
Chechens
Chechens (Нохчий; Old Chechen: Нахчой Naxçoy) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples originating in the North Caucasus region of Eastern Europe.
New!!: Caucasus and Chechens · See more »
Chechnya
The Chechen Republic (tɕɪˈtɕɛnskəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə; Нохчийн Республика, Noxçiyn Respublika), commonly referred to as Chechnya (p; Нохчийчоь, Noxçiyçö), is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Chechnya · See more »
Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
New!!: Caucasus and Chromium · See more »
Church of Caucasian Albania
The Albanian Apostolic Church or the Church of Caucasian Albania was an ancient briefly independent autocephalous Igor Kuznetsov.
New!!: Caucasus and Church of Caucasian Albania · See more »
Cilicia
In antiquity, Cilicia(Armenian: Կիլիկիա) was the south coastal region of Asia Minor and existed as a political entity from Hittite times into the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia during the late Byzantine Empire.
New!!: Caucasus and Cilicia · See more »
Circassia
Circassia (Адыгэ Хэку, Черке́сия, ჩერქეზეთი, شيركاسيا, Çerkesya) is a region in the and along the northeast shore of the Black Sea.
New!!: Caucasus and Circassia · See more »
Circassian genocide
The Circassian genocide was the Russian Empire's ethnic cleansing, killing, forced migration, and expulsion of the majority of the Circassians from their historical homeland Circassia, which roughly encompassed the major part of the North Caucasus and the northeast shore of the Black Sea.
New!!: Caucasus and Circassian genocide · See more »
Circassians
The Circassians (Черкесы Čerkesy), also known by their endonym Adyghe (Circassian: Адыгэхэр Adygekher, Ады́ги Adýgi), are a Northwest Caucasian nation native to Circassia, many of whom were displaced in the course of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century, especially after the Russian–Circassian War in 1864.
New!!: Caucasus and Circassians · See more »
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
New!!: Caucasus and Coal · See more »
Colchis
Colchis (კოლხეთი K'olkheti; Greek Κολχίς Kolkhís) was an ancient Georgian kingdom and region on the coast of the Black Sea, centred in present-day western Georgia.
New!!: Caucasus and Colchis · See more »
Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
The Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations (Сообщество за демократию и права народов), also commonly known as Commonwealth of Unrecognized States, rarely as CIS-2 (Содружество непризнанных государств, СНГ-2), is an international organisation uniting several states in the former Soviet Union, all of which have limited recognition from the international community.
New!!: Caucasus and Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations · See more »
Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
New!!: Caucasus and Copper · See more »
Culture of Armenia
The culture of Armenia encompasses many elements that are based on the geography, literature, architecture, dance, and music of the people.
New!!: Caucasus and Culture of Armenia · See more »
Culture of Azerbaijan
The Culture of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani:Azərbaycan mədəniyyəti) developed under the influence of Iranian, Turkic and Caucasian heritage as well as Russian influences due to its former status as a Soviet republic.
New!!: Caucasus and Culture of Azerbaijan · See more »
Culture of Georgia (country)
The culture of Georgia has evolved over the country's long history, providing it with a unique national culture and a strong literary tradition based on the Georgian language and alphabet.
New!!: Caucasus and Culture of Georgia (country) · See more »
Dagestan
The Republic of Dagestan (Респу́блика Дагеста́н), or simply Dagestan (or; Дагеста́н), is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia, located in the North Caucasus region.
New!!: Caucasus and Dagestan · See more »
Darevskia
Darevskia is a genus of wall lizards of the family Lacertidae.
New!!: Caucasus and Darevskia · See more »
David IV of Georgia
David IV, also known as David the Builder (დავით აღმაშენებელი) (1073– 24 January 1125), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a king of Georgia from 1089 until his death in 1125.
New!!: Caucasus and David IV of Georgia · See more »
Disjunct distribution
In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but considerably separated from each other geographically.
New!!: Caucasus and Disjunct distribution · See more »
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union.
New!!: Caucasus and Dissolution of the Soviet Union · See more »
DjVu
DjVu (like English "déjà vu") is a computer file format designed primarily to store scanned documents, especially those containing a combination of text, line drawings, indexed color images, and photographs.
New!!: Caucasus and DjVu · See more »
Dog breed
Dog breeds are dogs that have relatively uniform physical characteristics developed under controlled conditions by humans, with breeding animals selected for phenotypic traits such as size, coat color, structure, and behavior.
New!!: Caucasus and Dog breed · See more »
East Prigorodny Conflict
The East Prigorodny Conflict, also referred to as the Ossetian-Ingush Conflict, was an inter-ethnic conflict in the eastern part of the Prigorodny district in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, which started in 1989 and developed, in 1992, into a brief ethnic war between local Ingush and Ossetian paramilitary forces.
New!!: Caucasus and East Prigorodny Conflict · See more »
Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.
New!!: Caucasus and Eastern Europe · See more »
Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.
New!!: Caucasus and Eastern Orthodox Church · See more »
Eastern Partnership
The Eastern Partnership (EaP) is an initiative of the European External Action Service of the European Union (EU) governing its relationship with the post-Soviet states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine, intended to provide an avenue for discussions of trade, economic strategy, travel agreements, and other issues between the EU and its Eastern European neighbours.
New!!: Caucasus and Eastern Partnership · See more »
Encyclopædia Britannica
The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
New!!: Caucasus and Encyclopædia Britannica · See more »
Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
New!!: Caucasus and Encyclopædia Iranica · See more »
Endemism
Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
New!!: Caucasus and Endemism · See more »
Energy
In physics, energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object.
New!!: Caucasus and Energy · See more »
Etchmiadzin Cathedral
Etchmiadzin Cathedral (Էջմիածնի մայր տաճար, Ēǰmiatsni mayr tačar) is the mother church of the Armenian Apostolic Church, located in the city of Vagharshapat (Etchmiadzin), Armenia.
New!!: Caucasus and Etchmiadzin Cathedral · See more »
Eurasian Economic Union
The Eurasian Economic Union (officially EAEU, but sometimes called EEU or EAU)The acronym is used in the.
New!!: Caucasus and Eurasian Economic Union · See more »
Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
The Euronest Parliamentary Assembly is the inter-parliamentary forum in which members of the European Parliament and the national parliaments of Ukraine, Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia participate and forge closer political and economic ties with the European Union.
New!!: Caucasus and Euronest Parliamentary Assembly · See more »
Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
New!!: Caucasus and Europe · See more »
European History Online
European History Online (Europäische Geschichte Online, EGO) is an academic website that publishes articles on the history of Europe between the period of 1450 and 1950 according to the principle of open access.
New!!: Caucasus and European History Online · See more »
Federal districts of Russia
The federal districts (федера́льные округа́, federalnyye okruga) are groupings of the federal subjects of Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Federal districts of Russia · See more »
Ferdowsi
Abu ʾl-Qasim Firdowsi Tusi (c. 940–1020), or Ferdowsi (also transliterated as Firdawsi, Firdusi, Firdosi, Firdausi) was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is the world's longest epic poem created by a single poet, and the national epic of Greater Iran.
New!!: Caucasus and Ferdowsi · See more »
First Chechen War
The First Chechen War (Пе́рвая чече́нская война́), also known as the First Chechen Сampaign (Пе́рвая чече́нская кампа́ния) or First Russian-Chechen war, was a rebellion by the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria against the Russian Federation, fought from December 1994 to August 1996.
New!!: Caucasus and First Chechen War · See more »
Georgia (country)
Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.
New!!: Caucasus and Georgia (country) · See more »
Georgian mythology
Georgian mythology refers to the mythology of pre-Christian Georgians.
New!!: Caucasus and Georgian mythology · See more »
Gold
Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.
New!!: Caucasus and Gold · See more »
Golden eagle
The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is one of the best-known birds of prey in the Northern Hemisphere.
New!!: Caucasus and Golden eagle · See more »
Golden Fleece
In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece (χρυσόμαλλον δέρας chrysómallon déras) is the fleece of the gold-haired winged ram, which was held in Colchis.
New!!: Caucasus and Golden Fleece · See more »
Gothic language
Gothic is an extinct East Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths.
New!!: Caucasus and Gothic language · See more »
Government in exile
A government in exile is a political group which claims to be a country or semi-sovereign state's legitimate government, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in another state or foreign country.
New!!: Caucasus and Government in exile · See more »
Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia
The Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia (tr) is an administration recognized by Georgia as the legal and only government of Abkhazia.
New!!: Caucasus and Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia · See more »
Gray wolf
The gray wolf (Canis lupus), also known as the timber wolf,Paquet, P. & Carbyn, L. W. (2003).
New!!: Caucasus and Gray wolf · See more »
Greater Caucasus
Greater Caucasus (Böyük Qafqaz, Бөјүк Гафгаз, بيوک قافقاز; დიდი კავკასიონი, Didi K’avk’asioni; Большой Кавказ, Bolshoy Kavkaz, sometimes translated as "Caucasus Major", "Big Caucasus" or "Large Caucasus") is the major mountain range of the Caucasus Mountains.
New!!: Caucasus and Greater Caucasus · See more »
Greek mythology
Greek mythology is the body of myths and teachings that belong to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices.
New!!: Caucasus and Greek mythology · See more »
Grozny
Grozny (p; Соьлжа-ГӀала) is the capital city of the Chechen Republic, Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Grozny · See more »
Heidelberg
Heidelberg is a college town in Baden-Württemberg situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany.
New!!: Caucasus and Heidelberg · See more »
History of Iran
The history of Iran, commonly also known as Persia in the Western world, is intertwined with the history of a larger region, also to an extent known as Greater Iran, comprising the area from Anatolia, the Bosphorus, and Egypt in the west to the borders of Ancient India and the Syr Darya in the east, and from the Caucasus and the Eurasian Steppe in the north to the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.
New!!: Caucasus and History of Iran · See more »
Hominini
The Hominini, or hominins, form a taxonomic tribe of the subfamily Homininae ("hominines").
New!!: Caucasus and Hominini · See more »
Homo erectus
Homo erectus (meaning "upright man") is an extinct species of archaic humans that lived throughout most of the Pleistocene geological epoch.
New!!: Caucasus and Homo erectus · See more »
Hooded crow
The hooded crow (Corvus cornix) (also called hoodie) is a Eurasian bird species in the ''Corvus'' genus.
New!!: Caucasus and Hooded crow · See more »
Indiana University Press
Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences.
New!!: Caucasus and Indiana University Press · See more »
Indigenous language
An indigenous language or autochthonous language is a language that is native to a region and spoken by indigenous people, often reduced to the status of a minority language.
New!!: Caucasus and Indigenous language · See more »
Indo-European languages
The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects.
New!!: Caucasus and Indo-European languages · See more »
Ingush people
The Ingush (ГIалгIай,, pronounced) are a Caucasian native ethnic group of the North Caucasus, mostly inhabiting their native Ingushetia, a federal republic of Russian Federation.
New!!: Caucasus and Ingush people · See more »
Ingushetia
The Republic of Ingushetia (rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə ɪnɡʊˈʂetʲɪjə; Гӏалгӏай Мохк), also referred to as simply Ingushetia, is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in the North Caucasus region.
New!!: Caucasus and Ingushetia · See more »
Invertebrate
Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord.
New!!: Caucasus and Invertebrate · See more »
Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
New!!: Caucasus and Iran · See more »
Iron ore
Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted.
New!!: Caucasus and Iron ore · See more »
Islam
IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).
New!!: Caucasus and Islam · See more »
Islam in Russia
Islam is the second most widely professed religion in Russia, encompassing somewhere between 7% and 15% of all Russians.
New!!: Caucasus and Islam in Russia · See more »
Jason
Jason (Ἰάσων Iásōn) was an ancient Greek mythological hero who was the leader of the Argonauts whose quest for the Golden Fleece featured in Greek literature.
New!!: Caucasus and Jason · See more »
Jefferson, North Carolina
Jefferson is a town in Ashe County, North Carolina, United States.
New!!: Caucasus and Jefferson, North Carolina · See more »
Judea
Judea or Judæa (from יהודה, Standard Yəhuda, Tiberian Yəhûḏāh, Ἰουδαία,; Iūdaea, يهودا, Yahudia) is the ancient Hebrew and Israelite biblical, the exonymic Roman/English, and the modern-day name of the mountainous southern part of Canaan-Israel.
New!!: Caucasus and Judea · See more »
Kabardino-Balkaria
The Kabardino-Balkar Republic (Кабарди́но-Балка́рская Респу́блика, Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika; Kabardian: Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ, Ķêbêrdej-Baĺķêr Respublikê; Karachay-Balkar: Къабарты-Малкъар Республика, Qabartı-Malqar Respublika), or Kabardino-Balkaria (Кабарди́но-Балка́рия, Kabardino-Balkariya), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in the North Caucasus.
New!!: Caucasus and Kabardino-Balkaria · See more »
Kalmyks
The Kalmyks (Kalmyk: Хальмгуд, Xaľmgud, Mongolian: Халимаг, Halimag) are the Oirats in Russia, whose ancestors migrated from Dzungaria in 1607.
New!!: Caucasus and Kalmyks · See more »
Karachay-Balkar language
The Karachay-Balkar language (Къарачай-Малкъар тил, Qaraçay-Malqar til or Таулу тил, Tawlu til) is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay–Cherkessia, European Russia, as well as by an immigrant population in Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey.
New!!: Caucasus and Karachay-Balkar language · See more »
Karachay-Cherkessia
The Karachay-Cherkess Republic (Карача́ево-Черке́сская Респу́блика, Karachayevo-Cherkesskaya Respublika; Karachay-Balkar: Къарачай-Черкес Республика, Qaraçay-Çerkes Respublika; Kabardian: Къэрэшей-Шэрджэс Республикэ, Ķêrêšei-Šêrdžês Respublikê, Nogai: Карашай-Шеркеш Республикасы, Qaraşay-Şerkeş Respublikası) or Karachay-Cherkessia (Карача́ево-Черке́сия) is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Karachay-Cherkessia · See more »
Karachays
The Karachays (Къарачайлыла, таулула Qaraçaylıla, tawlula) are a Turkic people of the North Caucasus, mostly situated in the Russian Karachay–Cherkess Republic.
New!!: Caucasus and Karachays · See more »
Kartvelian languages
The Kartvelian languages (ქართველური ენები, Kartveluri enebi, also known as Iberian and formerly South CaucasianBoeder (2002), p. 3) are a language family indigenous to the Caucasus and spoken primarily in Georgia, with large groups of native speakers in Russia, Iran, the United States, the European Union, Israel, and northeastern parts of Turkey.
New!!: Caucasus and Kartvelian languages · See more »
Khanates of the Caucasus
The Khanates of the Caucasus, or Azerbaijani khanates or Persian khanates, or Iranian khanates, were various provinces and principalities established by Persia (Iran) on their territories in the Caucasus (modern-day Azerbaijan Republic, Armenia, Georgia and Dagestan) from the late Safavid to the Qajar dynasty.
New!!: Caucasus and Khanates of the Caucasus · See more »
Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)
The Kingdom of Armenia, also the Kingdom of Greater Armenia, or simply Greater Armenia (Մեծ Հայք; Armenia Maior), was a monarchy in the Ancient Near East which existed from 321 BC to 428 AD.
New!!: Caucasus and Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity) · See more »
Kingdom of Georgia
The Kingdom of Georgia (საქართველოს სამეფო), also known as the Georgian Empire, was a medieval Eurasian monarchy which emerged circa 1008 AD.
New!!: Caucasus and Kingdom of Georgia · See more »
Kingdom of Iberia
In Greco-Roman geography, Iberia (Ancient Greek: Ἰβηρία; Hiberia) was an exonym (foreign name) for the Georgian kingdom of Kartli (ქართლი), known after its core province, which during Classical Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages was a significant monarchy in the Caucasus, either as an independent state or as a dependent of larger empires, notably the Sassanid and Roman empires.
New!!: Caucasus and Kingdom of Iberia · See more »
Kingdom of Syunik
Kingdom of Syunik (Սյունիքի թագավորություն), also known as the Kingdom of Baghk and sometimes as the Kingdom of Kapan, was a medieval dependent Armenian kingdom // Encyclopædia Iranica "In 1162, eastern Armenia was attacked by the atabeg Īldegoz of Azerbaijan.
New!!: Caucasus and Kingdom of Syunik · See more »
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget (Տաշիր-Ձորագետի Թագավորություն Tashir-Dzorageti t'agavorut'yun), alternatively known as the Kingdom of Lori or Kiurikian Kingdom, was a medieval Armenian kingdom formed in the year 979 by the Kiurikian dynasty under the protectorate of the Bagratid kings of Armenia.
New!!: Caucasus and Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget · See more »
Krasnaya Polyana, Sochi, Krasnodar Krai
Krasnaya Polyana (p; Гәбаадәы, Gwbaadwy; Ӏаткъуадж, ‘atquaj) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Krasnopolyansky Settlement Okrug, which is under the administrative jurisdiction of Adlersky City District of the City of Sochi in Krasnodar Krai, Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Krasnaya Polyana, Sochi, Krasnodar Krai · See more »
Krasnodar Krai
Krasnodar Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia and administratively a part of the Southern Federal District.
New!!: Caucasus and Krasnodar Krai · See more »
Kura–Araxes culture
The Kura–Araxes culture or the early trans-Caucasian culture was a civilization that existed from about 4000 BC until about 2000 BC, which has traditionally been regarded as the date of its end; in some locations it may have disappeared as early as 2600 or 2700 BC.
New!!: Caucasus and Kura–Araxes culture · See more »
Kurds
The Kurds (rtl, Kurd) or the Kurdish people (rtl, Gelî kurd), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).
New!!: Caucasus and Kurds · See more »
Languages of the Caucasus
The Caucasian languages are a large and extremely varied array of languages spoken by more than ten million people in and around the Caucasus Mountains, which lie between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.
New!!: Caucasus and Languages of the Caucasus · See more »
Last glacial period
The last glacial period occurred from the end of the Eemian interglacial to the end of the Younger Dryas, encompassing the period years ago.
New!!: Caucasus and Last glacial period · See more »
Latvian language
Latvian (latviešu valoda) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region.
New!!: Caucasus and Latvian language · See more »
Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
New!!: Caucasus and Lead · See more »
Leibniz Institute of European History
The Leibniz Institute of European History (IEG) in Mainz, Germany, is an independent, public research institute that carries out and promotes historical research on the foundations of Europe in the early and late Modern period.
New!!: Caucasus and Leibniz Institute of European History · See more »
Lesser Caucasus
Lesser Caucasus (Փոքր Կովկաս Pʿokʿr Kovkas, Azerbaijani: Kiçik Qafqaz Dağları, მცირე კავკასიონი, Малый Кавказ, Persian: Arankuh, Küçük Kafkasya, sometimes translated as "Caucasus Minor") is second of the two main mountain ranges of Caucasus mountains, of length about.
New!!: Caucasus and Lesser Caucasus · See more »
Lignite
Lignite, often referred to as brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible, sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat.
New!!: Caucasus and Lignite · See more »
Lingua franca
A lingua franca, also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vernacular language, or link language is a language or dialect systematically used to make communication possible between people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both native languages.
New!!: Caucasus and Lingua franca · See more »
List of states with limited recognition
A number of polities have declared independence and sought diplomatic recognition from the international community as de jure sovereign states, but have not been universally recognised as such.
New!!: Caucasus and List of states with limited recognition · See more »
List of transcontinental countries
This is a list of countries located on more than one continent, known as transcontinental states or intercontinental states.
New!!: Caucasus and List of transcontinental countries · See more »
Lithuanian language
Lithuanian (lietuvių kalba) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region.
New!!: Caucasus and Lithuanian language · See more »
MailOnline
MailOnline (also known as dailymail.co.uk) is the website of the Daily Mail, a newspaper in the United Kingdom, and of its sister paper The Mail on Sunday.
New!!: Caucasus and MailOnline · See more »
Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
New!!: Caucasus and Manganese · See more »
McFarland & Company
McFarland & Company, Inc. is an independent book publisher based in Jefferson, North Carolina that specializes in academic and reference works, as well as general interest adult nonfiction.
New!!: Caucasus and McFarland & Company · See more »
Medea
In Greek mythology, Medea (Μήδεια, Mēdeia, მედეა) was the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis, niece of Circe, granddaughter of the sun god Helios.
New!!: Caucasus and Medea · See more »
Medes
The Medes (Old Persian Māda-, Μῆδοι, מָדַי) were an ancient Iranian people who lived in an area known as Media (northwestern Iran) and who spoke the Median language. At around 1100 to 1000 BC, they inhabited the mountainous area of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia and located in the Hamadan (Ecbatana) region. Their emergence in Iran is thought to have occurred between 800 BC and 700 BC, and in the 7th century the whole of western Iran and some other territories were under Median rule. Its precise geographical extent remains unknown. A few archaeological sites (discovered in the "Median triangle" in western Iran) and textual sources (from contemporary Assyrians and also ancient Greeks in later centuries) provide a brief documentation of the history and culture of the Median state. Apart from a few personal names, the language of the Medes is unknown. The Medes had an ancient Iranian religion (a form of pre-Zoroastrian Mazdaism or Mithra worshipping) with a priesthood named as "Magi". Later during the reigns of the last Median kings, the reforms of Zoroaster spread into western Iran.
New!!: Caucasus and Medes · See more »
Member states of the United Nations
The United Nations member states are the sovereign states that are members of the United Nations (UN) and have equal representation in the UN General Assembly.
New!!: Caucasus and Member states of the United Nations · See more »
Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
New!!: Caucasus and Mercury (element) · See more »
Meskhetian Turks
Meskhetian Turks also known as Ahiska Turks (მესხეთის თურქები Meskhetis t'urk'ebi) are an ethnic subgroup of Turks formerly inhabiting the Meskheti region of Georgia, along the border with Turkey.
New!!: Caucasus and Meskhetian Turks · See more »
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, parts of Northern Saudi Arabia, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.
New!!: Caucasus and Mesopotamia · See more »
Middle Persian
Middle Persian is the Middle Iranian language or ethnolect of southwestern Iran that during the Sasanian Empire (224–654) became a prestige dialect and so came to be spoken in other regions of the empire as well.
New!!: Caucasus and Middle Persian · See more »
Mineral
A mineral is a naturally occurring chemical compound, usually of crystalline form and not produced by life processes.
New!!: Caucasus and Mineral · See more »
Minke whale
The minke whale, or lesser rorqual, is a type of baleen whale.
New!!: Caucasus and Minke whale · See more »
Molybdenum
Molybdenum is a chemical element with symbol Mo and atomic number 42.
New!!: Caucasus and Molybdenum · See more »
Mongol invasions and conquests
Mongol invasions and conquests took place throughout the 13th century, resulting in the vast Mongol Empire, which by 1300 covered much of Asia and Eastern Europe.
New!!: Caucasus and Mongol invasions and conquests · See more »
Mongols
The Mongols (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ, Mongolchuud) are an East-Central Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
New!!: Caucasus and Mongols · See more »
Mount Elbrus
Mount Elbrus (ɪlʲˈbrus; Минги тау, Miñi taw,; Ӏуащхьэмахуэ, ’Wāśhamāxwa) is the highest mountain in Europe, and the tenth most prominent peak in the world.
New!!: Caucasus and Mount Elbrus · See more »
Mount Qaf
Mount Qaf, also known as Qaf-Kuh, Cafcuh or Kafkuh, (قافکوه Qâf-Kūh or کوهٔ قاف Kuh-e Qaaf; جبل قاف Jabal Qāf or Djebel Qaf) is a mountain in Middle Eastern mythology.
New!!: Caucasus and Mount Qaf · See more »
Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia, also known as the Arab conquest of Iran, led to the end of the Sasanian Empire of Persia in 651 and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Iran (Persia).
New!!: Caucasus and Muslim conquest of Persia · See more »
Nabataean Kingdom
The Nabataean Kingdom (المملكة النبطية), also named Nabatea, was a political state of the Arab Nabataeans during classical antiquity.
New!!: Caucasus and Nabataean Kingdom · See more »
Nagorno-Karabakh War
The Nagorno-Karabakh War was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place in the late 1980s to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by the Republic of Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan.
New!!: Caucasus and Nagorno-Karabakh War · See more »
Nakh languages
The Nakh languages are a group of languages within Northeast Caucasian, spoken chiefly by the Chechens and Ingush in the North Caucasus within Southern Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Nakh languages · See more »
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası) is a landlocked exclave of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
New!!: Caucasus and Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic · See more »
Nation state
A nation state (or nation-state), in the most specific sense, is a country where a distinct cultural or ethnic group (a "nation" or "people") inhabits a territory and have formed a state (often a sovereign state) that they predominantly govern.
New!!: Caucasus and Nation state · See more »
Natural barrier
A natural barrier refers to a physical feature that protects or hinders travel through or over.
New!!: Caucasus and Natural barrier · See more »
Natural gas
Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.
New!!: Caucasus and Natural gas · See more »
Natural History (Pliny)
The Natural History (Naturalis Historia) is a book about the whole of the natural world in Latin by Pliny the Elder, a Roman author and naval commander who died in 79 AD.
New!!: Caucasus and Natural History (Pliny) · See more »
Near East
The Near East is a geographical term that roughly encompasses Western Asia.
New!!: Caucasus and Near East · See more »
Nick Griffin
Nicholas John Griffin (born 1 March 1959) is a British politician who represented North West England as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 to 2014.
New!!: Caucasus and Nick Griffin · See more »
North Caucasian Federal District
North Caucasian Federal District (Се́веро-Кавка́зский федера́льный о́круг, Severo-Kavkazsky federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and North Caucasian Federal District · See more »
North Caucasus
The North Caucasus (p) or Ciscaucasia is the northern part of the Caucasus region between the Sea of Azov and Black Sea on the west and the Caspian Sea on the east, within European Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and North Caucasus · See more »
North Ossetia-Alania
The Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (p; Республикӕ Цӕгат Ирыстон-Алани, Respublikæ Cægat Iryston-Alani) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).
New!!: Caucasus and North Ossetia-Alania · See more »
Northeast Caucasian languages
The Northeast Caucasian languages, or Nakh-Daghestanian languages, are a language family spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya and Ingushetia and in northern Azerbaijan as well as in diaspora populations in Western Europe, Turkey and the Middle East.
New!!: Caucasus and Northeast Caucasian languages · See more »
Northwest Caucasian languages
The Northwest Caucasian languages, also called West Caucasian, Abkhazo-Adyghean, Circassic, or sometimes Pontic (as opposed to Caspian for the Northeast Caucasian languages), are a group of languages spoken in the northwestern Caucasus region,Hoiberg, Dale H. (2010) chiefly in three Russian republics (Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay–Cherkessia), the disputed territory of Abkhazia (whose sovereignty is claimed by Georgia), and Turkey, with smaller communities scattered throughout the Middle East.
New!!: Caucasus and Northwest Caucasian languages · See more »
Oil
An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic (does not mix with water, literally "water fearing") and lipophilic (mixes with other oils, literally "fat loving").
New!!: Caucasus and Oil · See more »
Old East Slavic
Old East Slavic or Old Russian was a language used during the 10th–15th centuries by East Slavs in Kievan Rus' and states which evolved after the collapse of Kievan Rus'.
New!!: Caucasus and Old East Slavic · See more »
Ossetian language
Ossetian, also known as Ossete and Ossetic, is an Eastern Iranian language spoken in Ossetia, a region on the northern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains.
New!!: Caucasus and Ossetian language · See more »
Ossetians
The Ossetians or Ossetes (ир, ирæттæ,; дигорæ, дигорæнттæ) are an Iranian ethnic group of the Caucasus Mountains, indigenous to the region known as Ossetia.
New!!: Caucasus and Ossetians · See more »
Otto Schrader (philologist)
Otto Schrader (* March 28, 1855 in Weimar; † March 21, 1919 in Breslau) was a German philologist best known for his work on the history of German and Proto-Indo-European vocabulary dealing with various aspects of material culture, such as the names of domesticated plants and animals, the names of the metals, etc.
New!!: Caucasus and Otto Schrader (philologist) · See more »
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
New!!: Caucasus and Ottoman Empire · See more »
Ottoman Turks
The Ottoman Turks (or Osmanlı Turks, Osmanlı Türkleri) were the Turkish-speaking population of the Ottoman Empire who formed the base of the state's military and ruling classes.
New!!: Caucasus and Ottoman Turks · See more »
Ovid
Publius Ovidius Naso (20 March 43 BC – 17/18 AD), known as Ovid in the English-speaking world, was a Roman poet who lived during the reign of Augustus.
New!!: Caucasus and Ovid · See more »
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
New!!: Caucasus and Oxford University Press · See more »
Paleolithic
The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic is a period in human prehistory distinguished by the original development of stone tools that covers c. 95% of human technological prehistory.
New!!: Caucasus and Paleolithic · See more »
Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
New!!: Caucasus and Paris · See more »
Parthia
Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅 Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in north-eastern Iran.
New!!: Caucasus and Parthia · See more »
Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran and Iraq.
New!!: Caucasus and Parthian Empire · See more »
Paul Kretschmer
Paul Kretschmer (2 May 1866 – 9 March 1956) was a German linguist who studied the earliest history and interrelations of the Indo-European languages and showed how they were influenced by non-Indo-European languages, such as Etruscan.
New!!: Caucasus and Paul Kretschmer · See more »
The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
New!!: Caucasus and PDF · See more »
Pelasgians
The name Pelasgians (Πελασγοί, Pelasgoí, singular: Πελασγός, Pelasgós) was used by classical Greek writers to either refer to populations that were the ancestors or forerunners of the Greeks, or to signify all pre-classical indigenes of Greece.
New!!: Caucasus and Pelasgians · See more »
Persian leopard
The Persian leopard (Panthera pardus tulliana syn. P. p. ciscaucasica and P. p. saxicolor) is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List; the population is estimated at fewer than 871–1,290 mature individuals and considered declining.
New!!: Caucasus and Persian leopard · See more »
Persian mythology
Persian mythology are traditional tales and stories of ancient origin, all involving extraordinary or supernatural beings.
New!!: Caucasus and Persian mythology · See more »
Pliny the Elder
Pliny the Elder (born Gaius Plinius Secundus, AD 23–79) was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, a naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and friend of emperor Vespasian.
New!!: Caucasus and Pliny the Elder · See more »
Population transfer in the Soviet Union
Population transfer in the Soviet Union refers to forced transfer of various groups from the 1930s up to the 1950s ordered by Joseph Stalin and may be classified into the following broad categories: deportations of "anti-Soviet" categories of population (often classified as "enemies of workers"), deportations of entire nationalities, labor force transfer, and organized migrations in opposite directions to fill the ethnically cleansed territories.
New!!: Caucasus and Population transfer in the Soviet Union · See more »
Post-Soviet states
The post-Soviet states, also collectively known as the former Soviet Union (FSU) or former Soviet Republics, are the states that emerged and re-emerged from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in its breakup in 1991, with Russia internationally recognised as the successor state to the Soviet Union after the Cold War.
New!!: Caucasus and Post-Soviet states · See more »
Primary Chronicle
The Tale of Past Years (Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ, Pověstĭ Vremęnĭnyhŭ Lětŭ) or Primary Chronicle is a history of Kievan Rus' from about 850 to 1110, originally compiled in Kiev about 1113.
New!!: Caucasus and Primary Chronicle · See more »
Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
New!!: Caucasus and Princeton University Press · See more »
Principality of Khachen
The Principality of Khachen (Խաչենի իշխանություն) was a medieval Armenian principality on the territory of historical Artsakh (present-day Nagorno-Karabakh).
New!!: Caucasus and Principality of Khachen · See more »
Prometheism
Prometheism or Prometheanism (Polish: Prometeizm) was a political project initiated by Poland's Józef Piłsudski.
New!!: Caucasus and Prometheism · See more »
Prometheus
In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Προμηθεύς,, meaning "forethought") is a Titan, culture hero, and trickster figure who is credited with the creation of man from clay, and who defies the gods by stealing fire and giving it to humanity, an act that enabled progress and civilization.
New!!: Caucasus and Prometheus · See more »
Qajar dynasty
The Qajar dynasty (سلسله قاجار; also Romanised as Ghajar, Kadjar, Qachar etc.; script Qacarlar) was an IranianAbbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3 royal dynasty of Turkic origin,Cyrus Ghani.
New!!: Caucasus and Qajar dynasty · See more »
Regions of Europe
Europe is often divided into regions based on geographical, cultural or historical criteria.
New!!: Caucasus and Regions of Europe · See more »
Relict
A relict is a surviving remnant of a natural phenomenon.
New!!: Caucasus and Relict · See more »
Republic of Artsakh
The Republic of Artsakh (Արցախի Հանրապետություն Arts'akhi Hanrapetut'yun), or simply Artsakh, commonly known by its former name of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic between 1991 and 2017, is a state with limited recognition in the South Caucasus internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan.
New!!: Caucasus and Republic of Artsakh · See more »
Robert's snow vole
Robert's snow vole (Chionomys roberti) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
New!!: Caucasus and Robert's snow vole · See more »
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.
New!!: Caucasus and Roman Empire · See more »
Roman–Persian Wars
The Roman–Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between states of the Greco-Roman world and two successive Iranian empires: the Parthian and the Sasanian.
New!!: Caucasus and Roman–Persian Wars · See more »
Rosa Khutor Alpine Resort
Rosa Khutor |position.
New!!: Caucasus and Rosa Khutor Alpine Resort · See more »
Runivers
Runivers (Руниверс) is a site devoted to Russian culture and history.
New!!: Caucasus and Runivers · See more »
Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
New!!: Caucasus and Russia · See more »
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War (Grazhdanskaya voyna v Rossiyi; November 1917 – October 1922) was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.
New!!: Caucasus and Russian Civil War · See more »
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.
New!!: Caucasus and Russian Empire · See more »
Russian language
Russian (rússkiy yazýk) is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
New!!: Caucasus and Russian language · See more »
Russo-Georgian War
The Russo-Georgian War was a war between Georgia, Russia and the Russian-backed self-proclaimed republics of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.
New!!: Caucasus and Russo-Georgian War · See more »
Russo-Persian Wars
The Russo-Persian Wars or Russo-Iranian Wars were a series of wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Persian Empire between the 17th and 19th centuries.
New!!: Caucasus and Russo-Persian Wars · See more »
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).
New!!: Caucasus and Saint Petersburg · See more »
Saoshyant
Saoshyant (Saoš́iiaṇt̰) is the Avestan language expression that literally means "one who brings benefit", and which is used in several different ways in Zoroastrian scripture and tradition.
New!!: Caucasus and Saoshyant · See more »
Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire, also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire (known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian), was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise of Islam, named after the House of Sasan, which ruled from 224 to 651 AD. The Sasanian Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.Norman A. Stillman The Jews of Arab Lands pp 22 Jewish Publication Society, 1979 International Congress of Byzantine Studies Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies, London, 21–26 August 2006, Volumes 1-3 pp 29. Ashgate Pub Co, 30 sep. 2006 The Sasanian Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Parthian Empire and the defeat of the last Arsacid king, Artabanus V. At its greatest extent, the Sasanian Empire encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Eastern Arabia (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatif, Qatar, UAE), the Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan), the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan), Egypt, large parts of Turkey, much of Central Asia (Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), Yemen and Pakistan. According to a legend, the vexilloid of the Sasanian Empire was the Derafsh Kaviani.Khaleghi-Motlagh, The Sasanian Empire during Late Antiquity is considered to have been one of Iran's most important and influential historical periods and constituted the last great Iranian empire before the Muslim conquest and the adoption of Islam. In many ways, the Sasanian period witnessed the peak of ancient Iranian civilisation. The Sasanians' cultural influence extended far beyond the empire's territorial borders, reaching as far as Western Europe, Africa, China and India. It played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asian medieval art. Much of what later became known as Islamic culture in art, architecture, music and other subject matter was transferred from the Sasanians throughout the Muslim world.
New!!: Caucasus and Sasanian Empire · See more »
Scythia
Scythia (Ancient Greek: Σκυθική, Skythikē) was a region of Central Eurasia in classical antiquity, occupied by the Eastern Iranian Scythians, encompassing Central Asia and parts of Eastern Europe east of the Vistula River, with the eastern edges of the region vaguely defined by the Greeks.
New!!: Caucasus and Scythia · See more »
Scythian languages
The Scythian languages are a group of Eastern Iranian languages of the classical and late antiquity (Middle Iranian) period, spoken in a vast region of Eurasia named Scythia.
New!!: Caucasus and Scythian languages · See more »
Second Chechen War
Second Chechen War (Втора́я чече́нская война́), also known as the Second Chechen Сampaign (Втора́я чече́нская кампа́ния), was an armed conflict on the territory of Chechnya and the border regions of the North Caucasus between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, also with militants of various Islamist groups, fought from August 1999 to April 2009.
New!!: Caucasus and Second Chechen War · See more »
Shahdag Mountain Resort
Shahdag Mountain Resort is Azerbaijan's first and largest winter resort.
New!!: Caucasus and Shahdag Mountain Resort · See more »
Shahnameh
The Shahnameh, also transliterated as Shahnama (شاهنامه, "The Book of Kings"), is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran.
New!!: Caucasus and Shahnameh · See more »
Shapi Kaziev
Shapi Magomedovitch Kaziev (Шапи́ Магомедович Кази́ев; born March 27, 1956) is a Russian writer, playwright and script writer.
New!!: Caucasus and Shapi Kaziev · See more »
Simurgh
--> --> Simurgh (سيمرغ), also spelled simorgh, simorg, simurg, simoorg, simorq or simourv, is a benevolent, mythical bird in Iranian mythology and literature.
New!!: Caucasus and Simurgh · See more »
Sochi
Sochi (a) is a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Black Sea coast near the border between Georgia/Abkhazia and Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Sochi · See more »
South Ossetia
South Ossetia or Tskhinvali Region, is a disputed territory in the South Caucasus, in the northern part of the internationally recognised Georgian territory.
New!!: Caucasus and South Ossetia · See more »
Southern Federal District
The Southern Federal District (ˈjuʐnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Southern Federal District · See more »
Southern Russia
Southern Russia or the South of Russia (Юг России, Yug Rossii) is a colloquial term for the southernmost geographic portion of European Russia, generally covering the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasian Federal District.
New!!: Caucasus and Southern Russia · See more »
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
New!!: Caucasus and Soviet Union · See more »
Spider
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs and chelicerae with fangs that inject venom.
New!!: Caucasus and Spider · See more »
Stavropol Krai
Stavropol Krai (p) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia.
New!!: Caucasus and Stavropol Krai · See more »
Strasbourg
Strasbourg (Alsatian: Strossburi; Straßburg) is the capital and largest city of the Grand Est region of France and is the official seat of the European Parliament.
New!!: Caucasus and Strasbourg · See more »
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.
New!!: Caucasus and Sunni Islam · See more »
Svaneti
Svaneti or Svanetia (Suania in ancient sources) (სვანეთი Svaneti) is a historic province in Georgia, in the northwestern part of the country.
New!!: Caucasus and Svaneti · See more »
Svetitskhoveli Cathedral
The Svetitskhoveli Cathedral (სვეტიცხოვლის საკათედრო ტაძარი, svet'icxovlis sak'atedro t'adzari; literally the Cathedral of the Living Pillar) is an Eastern Orthodox cathedral located in the historic town of Mtskheta, Georgia, to the northwest of the Georgian capital Tbilisi.
New!!: Caucasus and Svetitskhoveli Cathedral · See more »
Syria
Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
New!!: Caucasus and Syria · See more »
Tamar of Georgia
Tamar the Great (თამარი) (1160 – 18 January 1213) reigned as the Queen of Georgia from 1184 to 1213, presiding over the apex of the Georgian Golden Age.
New!!: Caucasus and Tamar of Georgia · See more »
Tbilisi
Tbilisi (თბილისი), in some countries also still named by its pre-1936 international designation Tiflis, is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million people.
New!!: Caucasus and Tbilisi · See more »
Tigranes the Great
Tigranes II, more commonly known as Tigranes the Great (Տիգրան Մեծ, Tigran Mets; Τιγράνης ὁ Μέγας Tigránes ho Mégas; Tigranes Magnus) (140 – 55 BC) was King of Armenia under whom the country became, for a short time, the strongest state to Rome's east.
New!!: Caucasus and Tigranes the Great · See more »
Tower house
A tower house is a particular type of stone structure, built for defensive purposes as well as habitation.
New!!: Caucasus and Tower house · See more »
Transcaucasia
Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
New!!: Caucasus and Transcaucasia · See more »
Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR; Закавказская демократическая Федеративная Республика (ЗКДФР); Zakavkazskaya Demokraticheskaya Federativnaya Respublika (ZKDFR); 22 April28 May 1918), also known as the Transcaucasian Federation, was a short-lived South Caucasian state extending across what are now the modern-day countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, plus parts of Eastern Turkey as well as Russian border areas.
New!!: Caucasus and Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic · See more »
Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Transcaucasian SFSR or TSFSR), also known as the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union that existed from 1922 to 1936.
New!!: Caucasus and Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic · See more »
Treaty of Gulistan
The Treaty of Gulistan (Гюлистанский договор; عهدنامه گلستان) was a peace treaty concluded between Imperial Russia and Persia (modern day Iran) on 24 October 1813 in the village of Gulistan (in modern-day Goranboy Rayon of Azerbaijan) as a result of the first full-scale Russo-Persian War, lasting from 1804 to 1813.
New!!: Caucasus and Treaty of Gulistan · See more »
Treaty of Turkmenchay
The Treaty of Turkmenchay (Туркманчайский договор, عهدنامه ترکمنچای) was an agreement between Persia (Iran) and the Russian Empire, which concluded the Russo-Persian War (1826–28). It was signed on 10 February 1828 in Torkamanchay, Iran. By the treaty, Persia ceded to Russia control of several areas in the South Caucasus: the Erivan Khanate, the Nakhchivan Khanate, and the remainder of the Talysh Khanate. The boundary between Russian and Persia was set at the Aras River. These territories comprise modern-day Armenia, the southern parts of the modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan, Nakhchivan, as well as Iğdır Province (now part of Turkey). The treaty was signed for Persia by Crown Prince Abbas Mirza and Allah-Yar Khan Asaf al-Daula, chancellor to Shah Fath Ali (of the Qajar Dynasty), and for Russia by General Ivan Paskievich. Like the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan, this treaty was imposed by Russia, following military victory over Persia. Paskievich threatened to occupy Tehran in five days unless the treaty was signed. By this final treaty of 1828 and the 1813 Gulistan treaty, Russia had finalised conquering all the Caucasus territories from Iran, comprising modern-day Dagestan, eastern Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia, all which had formed part of its very concept for centuries. The area to the North of the river Aras, amongst which the territory of the contemporary nations of Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia and the North Caucasian Republic of Dagestan were Iranian territory until they were occupied by Russia in the course of the 19th century. As a further direct result and consequence of the two treaties, the formerly Iranian territories became now part of Russia for around the next 180 years, except Dagestan, which has remained a Russian possession ever since. Out of the greater part of the territory, three separate nations would be formed through the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, namely Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia.
New!!: Caucasus and Treaty of Turkmenchay · See more »
Tsaghkadzor ski resort
Tsaghkadzor Ski Resort, is a sports and tourists facilities located just above the Armenian town of Tsaghkadzor of Kotayk Province, approximately 60 km north east of the capital Yerevan and the Zvartnots International Airport.
New!!: Caucasus and Tsaghkadzor ski resort · See more »
Tungsten
Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W (referring to wolfram) and atomic number 74.
New!!: Caucasus and Tungsten · See more »
Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
New!!: Caucasus and Turkey · See more »
Turkic languages
The Turkic languages are a language family of at least thirty-five documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and West Asia all the way to North Asia (particularly in Siberia) and East Asia (including the Far East).
New!!: Caucasus and Turkic languages · See more »
Twelver
Twelver (translit; شیعه دوازدهامامی) or Imamiyyah (إمامية) is the largest branch of Shia Islam.
New!!: Caucasus and Twelver · See more »
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.
New!!: Caucasus and UNESCO · See more »
Uranium
Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.
New!!: Caucasus and Uranium · See more »
UTC+02:00
UTC+02:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +02.
New!!: Caucasus and UTC+02:00 · See more »
UTC+03:00
UTC+03:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +03.
New!!: Caucasus and UTC+03:00 · See more »
UTC+03:30
UTC+03:30 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +03:30.
New!!: Caucasus and UTC+03:30 · See more »
UTC+04:00
UTC+04:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +04.
New!!: Caucasus and UTC+04:00 · See more »
UTC+04:30
UTC+04:30 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +04:30.
New!!: Caucasus and UTC+04:30 · See more »
Vincent Evans
Sir (William) Vincent John Evans (20 October 1915 – 18 May 2007) was a British diplomat and international lawyer, who served as Judge of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of the United Kingdom from 1980 to 1991.
New!!: Caucasus and Vincent Evans · See more »
War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)
The War in Abkhazia from 1992 to 1993 was fought between Georgian government forces for the most part, and Abkhaz separatist forces, Russian armed forces and North Caucasian militants.
New!!: Caucasus and War in Abkhazia (1992–1993) · See more »
Western Asia
Western Asia, West Asia, Southwestern Asia or Southwest Asia is the westernmost subregion of Asia.
New!!: Caucasus and Western Asia · See more »
World Heritage site
A World Heritage site is a landmark or area which is selected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance, and is legally protected by international treaties.
New!!: Caucasus and World Heritage site · See more »
Yale University Press
Yale University Press is a university press associated with Yale University.
New!!: Caucasus and Yale University Press · See more »
Yerevan
Yerevan (Երևան, sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia as well as one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities.
New!!: Caucasus and Yerevan · See more »
Zeus
Zeus (Ζεύς, Zeús) is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who rules as king of the gods of Mount Olympus.
New!!: Caucasus and Zeus · See more »
Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
New!!: Caucasus and Zinc · See more »
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism, or more natively Mazdayasna, is one of the world's oldest extant religions, which is monotheistic in having a single creator god, has dualistic cosmology in its concept of good and evil, and has an eschatology which predicts the ultimate destruction of evil.
New!!: Caucasus and Zoroastrianism · See more »
2014 Winter Olympics
The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially called the XXII Olympic Winter Games (Les XXIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) (r) and commonly known as Sochi 2014, was an international winter multi-sport event that was held from 7 to 23 February 2014 in Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, with opening rounds in certain events held on the eve of the opening ceremony, 6 February 2014.
New!!: Caucasus and 2014 Winter Olympics · See more »
2015 European Games
The 2015 European Games, also known as Baku 2015 or Baku 2015 European Games (Bakı 2015 Avropa Oyunları), were the inaugural edition of the European Games, an international multi-sport event for athletes representing the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the European Olympic Committees.
New!!: Caucasus and 2015 European Games · See more »
Redirects here:
Caucase, Caucasia (geographic region), Caucasian isthmus, Caucasus (geographic region), Caucasus Region, Caucasus region, Kaukasus, The Caucasian countries, The Caucasus, Кавказ, კავკასია.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasus
